The following information summarizes our results of operations by segment for fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. For discussion related to the results of operations by segment for fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017, refer to Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our fiscal 2018 Form 10-K, which was filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on October 11, 2018.
Retail Pharmacy USA
This division comprises the retail pharmacy business operating in the United States.
(in millions, except location amounts)
2019 2018 2017
Sales $104,532 $98,392 $87,302
Gross profit 23,511 23,758 22,450
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 19,424 18,971 18,356
Operating income1 4,088 4,787 4,094
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure)1,2 5,255 5,814 5,606
Number of prescriptions3 843.7 823.1 764.4
30-day equivalent prescriptions3,4 1,150.1 1,094.4 989.7
Number of locations at period end 9,285 9,569 8,109
Percentage increases (decreases)
2019 2018 2017
Sales 6.2 12.7 4.2
Gross profit (1.0) 5.8 0.6
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 2.4 3.4 2.5
Operating income1 (14.6) 16.9 (7.3)
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure)1,2 (9.6) 3.7 4.4
Comparable store sales5 2.0 1.5 2.8
Pharmacy sales 8.6 17.2 7.3
Comparable pharmacy sales5 4.0 3.4 4.7
Retail sales — 2.4 (2.4)
Comparable retail sales5 (2.4) (2.4) (1.0)
Comparable number of prescriptions4,5 (0.1) 0.8 4.0
Comparable 30-day equivalent prescriptions3,4,5 3.0 3.5 7.1
Percent to sales
2019 2018 2017
Gross margin 22.5 24.1 25.7
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 18.6 19.3 21.0
1 The Company adopted ASU 2017-07 Topic 715 as of September 1, 2018 (fiscal 2019) on a retrospective basis. The impact for Retail Pharmacy USA on our previously reported net periodic costs as a result of the retrospective adoption of this standard results in a reclassification from selling, general and administrative expenses to other income (expense) of $109 million and $101 million, for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. See note 1, summary of major accounting policies, for additional information.
2 See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and related disclosures.
3 Includes immunizations.
4 Includes the adjustment to convert prescriptions greater than 84 days to the equivalent of three 30-day prescriptions. This adjustment reflects that these prescriptions include approximately three times the amount of product days supplied compared to a normal prescription.
5 Comparable stores are defined as those that have been open for at least twelve consecutive months without closure for seven or more consecutive days and without a major remodel or being subject to a natural disaster in the past twelve months. Relocated stores are not included as comparable stores for the first twelve months after the relocation. Acquired stores are not included as comparable stores for the first twelve months after acquisition or conversion, when applicable, whichever is later. The method of calculating comparable sales varies across the retail industry. As a result, our method of calculating comparable sales may not be the same as other retailers’ methods.
Sales fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
The Retail Pharmacy USA division’s sales for fiscal 2019 increased by 6.2% to $104.5 billion. Sales in
comparable stores increased by 2.0% in fiscal 2019. The Company operated 9,285 locations (9,277 retail stores) as of August 31, 2019, compared to 9,569 locations (9,560 retail stores) a year earlier.
Pharmacy sales increased by 8.6% in fiscal 2019 and represented 73.8% of the division’s sales. The increase in fiscal 2019 is due to higher brand inflation and growth in central specialty and reflects the impact of the acquired Rite Aid stores. In fiscal 2018, pharmacy sales increased 17.2% and represented 72.2% of the division’s sales.
Comparable pharmacy sales increased 4.0% in fiscal 2019 compared to an increase of 3.4% in fiscal 2018. The effect of generic drugs, which have a lower retail price, replacing brand name drugs reduced prescription sales by 1.2% in fiscal 2019 compared to a reduction of 1.4% in fiscal 2018. The effect of generics on division sales was a reduction of 0.8% in fiscal 2019 compared to a reduction of 0.9% for fiscal 2018. Third-party sales, where reimbursement is received from managed care organizations, governmental agencies, employers or private insurers, were 97.1% of prescription sales for fiscal 2019 compared to 98.3% for fiscal 2018. The total number of prescriptions (including immunizations) filled in fiscal 2019 was 843.7 million compared to 823.1 million in fiscal 2018. Prescriptions (including immunizations) adjusted to 30-day equivalents were 1,150.1 million in fiscal 2019 compared to 1,094.4 million in fiscal 2018.
Retail sales were flat in fiscal 2019 and were 26.2% of the division’s sales. In comparison, fiscal 2018 retail sales increased 2.4% and comprised 27.8% of the division’s sales. Comparable retail sales decreased 2.4% in each of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018. The decrease in comparable retail sales in fiscal 2019 was primarily due to the continued de-emphasis of tobacco.
Operating income fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Retail Pharmacy USA division’s operating income for fiscal 2019 decreased 14.6% to $4.1 billion. The decrease was primarily due to lower gross margin partially offset by a reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales.
Gross margin was 22.5% in fiscal 2019 compared to 24.1% in fiscal 2018. Gross margin was negatively impacted in the current fiscal year by pharmacy margins, which were negatively impacted by reimbursement pressure. The decrease in pharmacy margins was partially offset by the favorable impact of procurement efficiencies.
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales were 18.6% in fiscal 2019 compared to 19.3% in fiscal 2018. As a percentage of sales, expenses in the current fiscal year were lower primarily due to a higher mix of specialty sales and lower expenses related to certain legal and regulatory accruals in the prior year.
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure) fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Retail Pharmacy USA division’s adjusted operating income for fiscal 2019 decreased 9.6% to $5.3 billion. The decrease was primarily due to lower gross margins partially offset by a reduction in selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales. See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and related disclosures.
Retail Pharmacy International
This division comprises retail pharmacy businesses operating in countries outside of the United States and in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, including the British pound sterling, Euro, Chilean peso and Mexican peso.
Therefore, the division’s results are impacted by movements in foreign currency exchange rates. See item 7A,
quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk, for further information on currency risk.
(in millions, except location amounts)
2019 2018 2017
Sales $11,462 $12,281 $11,813
Gross profit 4,522 4,958 4,753
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 4,084 4,134 3,982
Operating income1 438 824 771
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure)1,2 747 929 939
Number of locations at period end 4,605 4,767 4,722
Percentage increases (decreases)
2019 2018 2017
Sales (6.7) 4.0 (10.9)
Gross profit (8.8) 4.3 (12.5)
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 (1.2) 3.8 (8.4)
Operating income1 (46.8) 6.9 (29.1)
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure)1,2 (19.6) (1.1) (22.6)
Comparable store sales3 (6.4) 4.7 (10.6)
Comparable store sales in constant currency3,4 (1.7) (1.4) (0.2)
Pharmacy sales (6.4) 4.3 (10.5)
Comparable pharmacy sales3 (5.7) 4.7 (10.7)
Comparable pharmacy sales in constant currency3,4 (0.9) (1.2) (1.0)
Retail sales (6.8) 3.8 (11.1)
Comparable retail sales3 (6.8) 4.7 (10.6)
Comparable retail sales in constant currency3,4 (2.2) (1.5) 0.2
Percent to sales
2019 2018 2017
Gross margin 39.5 40.4 40.2
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 35.6 33.7 33.7
1 The Company adopted ASU 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715) as of September 1, 2018 (fiscal 2019) on a retrospective basis. The impact for Retail Pharmacy International on our previously reported net periodic costs as a result of the retrospective adoption of this standard results in a
reclassification from selling, general and administrative expenses to other income (expense) of $18 million and $(30) million, for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. See note 1, summary of major accounting policies, for additional information.
2 See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and related disclosures.
3 Comparable stores are defined as those that have been open for at least twelve consecutive months without closure for seven or more consecutive days and without a major remodel or being subject to a natural disaster in the past twelve months. Relocated stores are not included as comparable stores for the first twelve months after the relocation. Acquired stores are not included as comparable stores for the first twelve months after acquisition or conversion, when applicable, whichever is later. The method of calculating comparable sales varies across the retail industry. As a result, our method of calculating comparable sales may not be the same as other retailers’ methods.
4 The Company presents certain information related to current period operating results in “constant currency,”
which is a non-GAAP financial measure. These amounts are calculated by translating current period results at the foreign currency exchange rates used in the comparable period in the prior year. The Company presents such constant currency financial information because it has significant operations outside of the
United States reporting in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and this presentation provides a framework to assess how its business performed excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below.
Sales fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Retail Pharmacy International division’s sales for fiscal 2019 decreased 6.7% to $11.5 billion. Sales in comparable stores decreased 6.4%. The negative impact of currency translation on sales and comparable sales was 4.6 percentage points, and 4.7 percentage points, respectively, and comparable store sales in constant currency decreased 1.7%.
Pharmacy sales decreased 6.4% in fiscal 2019 and represented 35.6% of the division’s sales. Comparable pharmacy sales decreased 5.7%. The negative impact of currency translation on pharmacy sales and comparable pharmacy sales was 4.8 percentage points and 4.8 percentage points, respectively. Comparable pharmacy sales in constant currency decreased 0.9 percentage points mainly due to lower National Health Service funding levels and lower volume in Boots UK.
Retail sales decreased 6.8% for fiscal 2019 and represented 64.4% of the division’s sales. Comparable retail sales decreased 6.8%. The negative impact of currency translation on each of retail sales and comparable retail sales was 4.5 percentage points and 4.6 percentage points respectively. Comparable retail sales in constant currency decreased 2.2% reflecting lower Boots UK retail sales in a challenging market place.
Operating income fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Retail Pharmacy International division’s operating income for fiscal 2019 decreased 46.8% to $438 million.
Operating income was negatively impacted by 2.8 percentage points ($23 million) of currency translation.
Excluding the impact of currency translation, the decrease in operating income was primarily due to lower sales and gross margin. The remaining decrease is due to higher selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales, which includes $89 million of Transformational Cost Management Program expenses and
$73 million of impairment for indefinite-lived pharmacy licenses.
Gross profit decreased 8.8% in fiscal 2019. Gross profit was negatively impacted by 4.4 percentage points ($219 million) of currency translation, the remaining decrease was mainly due lower sales and gross margin.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 1.2% from fiscal 2018. Expenses were positively impacted by 4.7 percentage points ($196 million) as a result of currency translation. As a percentage of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses were 35.6% in fiscal 2019, compared to 33.7% in the prior fiscal year.
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure) fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Retail Pharmacy International division’s adjusted operating income for fiscal 2019 decreased 19.6% to
$747 million. Adjusted operating income was negatively impacted by 3.4 percentage points ($31 million) of currency translation. Excluding the impact of currency translation, the decrease in adjusted operating income was primarily due to lower gross margin and higher selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales and lower sales. See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and related disclosures.
Pharmaceutical Wholesale
This division includes pharmaceutical wholesale businesses operating in currencies other than the U.S. dollar including the British pound sterling, Euro and Turkish lira. Therefore, the division’s results are impacted by
movements in foreign currency exchange rates. See item 7A, quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk, for further information on currency risk.
(in millions)
2019 2018 2017
Sales $23,053 $23,006 $21,188
Gross profit 2,041 2,081 1,965
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 1,734 1,594 1,481
Equity earnings from AmerisourceBergen 164 191 135
Operating income1 471 678 619
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure)1,2 939 936 922
Percentage increases (decreases)
2019 2018 2017
Sales 0.2 8.6 (6.1)
Gross profit (1.9) 5.9 (7.8)
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 8.8 7.6 (6.7)
Equity earnings from AmerisourceBergen (14.2) 41.5 264.9
Operating income1 (30.4) 9.5 6.7
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure)1,2 0.4 1.5 30.0
Comparable sales3 0.2 8.6 (3.9)
Comparable sales in constant currency3,4 8.0 4.2 4.7
Percent to sales
2019 2018 2017
Gross margin 8.9 9.0 9.3
Selling, general and administrative expenses1 7.5 6.9 7.0
1 The Company adopted ASU 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715) as of September 1, 2018 (fiscal 2019) on a retrospective basis. The impact for Pharmaceutical Wholesale on our previously reported net periodic costs as a result of the retrospective adoption of this standard results in a
reclassification from selling, general and administrative expenses to other income (expense) of $(2) million and $2 million, for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. See note 1, summary of major accounting policies, for additional information.
2 See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and related disclosures.
3 Comparable Sales are defined as sales excluding acquisitions and dispositions.
4 The Company presents certain information related to current period operating results in “constant currency,”
which is a non-GAAP financial measure. These amounts are calculated by translating current period results at the foreign currency exchange rates used in the comparable period in the prior year. The Company presents such constant currency financial information because it has significant operations outside of the United States reporting in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and this presentation provides a framework to assess how its business performed excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below.
Sales fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Pharmaceutical Wholesale division’s sales for the fiscal 2019 increased 0.2% to $23.1 billion. Comparable sales, which exclude acquisitions and dispositions, increased 0.2%.
Sales and comparable sales were negatively impacted by 7.8 percentage points as a result of currency translation.
Comparable sales in constant currency increased 8.0%, reflecting a customer contract change in the UK and growth in emerging markets.
Operating income fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Pharmaceutical Wholesale division’s operating income for fiscal 2019, which included $164 million from the Company’s share of equity earnings in AmerisourceBergen, decreased 30.4% to $471 million. Operating income was negatively impacted by 6.1 percentage points ($41 million) as a result of currency translation. The remaining decrease was due to costs related to the Transformational Cost Management Program in fiscal 2019.
Gross profit decreased 1.9% from the prior fiscal year. Gross profit was negatively impacted by 7.2 percentage points ($149 million) as a result of currency translation. Excluding the impact of currency translation, the increase in gross profit was primarily due to sales growth, partially offset by lower gross margin.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 8.8% from the prior fiscal year. Selling, general and administrative expenses were positively impacted by 6.8 percentage points ($108 million) as a result of currency translation. Excluding the impact of currency translation, the increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to costs related to the Transformational Cost Management Program. As a percentage of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses were 7.5% in fiscal 2019, compared to 6.9% in fiscal 2018.
Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP measure) fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
Pharmaceutical Wholesale division’s adjusted operating income for fiscal 2019, which included $397 million from the Company’s share of adjusted equity earnings in AmerisourceBergen, increased 0.4% to $939 million.
Adjusted operating income was negatively impacted by 5.5 percentage points ($51 million) as a result of currency translation.
Excluding the contribution from the Company’s share of adjusted equity earnings in AmerisourceBergen and the negative impact of currency translation, adjusted operating income increased 4.3% ($25 million) over the prior fiscal year, primarily due to higher sales and lower selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales, partially offset by lower gross margin. See “--Non-GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and related disclosures.