GLPB construction materials and part list

Parts specified in here with article numbers and provider names reflect the items used for constructing the prototype. Any other items meeting the technical specifications of the items used for this particular construction can be utilized to build a GLPB system.

Costs listed as they were in 2016, in Austria and may vary in time and geographical location.

47 Drilling holes into the aluminium board for inserting the port valves as well as producing the redesigned needle adapters, which are now made out of aluminium, was done by the Technical Support Team from the Office of Safeguards Analytical Services.

Injection needles, septas, lids and bottles are excluded from the Table 2.2. as these items may vary due to the experimental set-up.

FIG. 2.6. Finished tubing. Main lines and side lines of the gas supply.

FIG. 2.7. Precision valve knobs and needle connection adapters of the GLPB

48

TABLE 2.2. GLPB CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND PART LIST Article number

(Swagelok) Item Description Amount Price per unit (EUR)

Sum (EUR) SS-200-61 Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting,

Bulkhead Union, 1/8 in. Tube OD 16 27 432

SS-8M0-7-2 Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting, Female Connector, 8 mm Tube OD×1/8

in. Female NPT 3 14 42

SS-8M0-6 Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting,

Union, 8 mm Tube OD 1 15 15

SS-8M0-3 Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting,

Union Tee, 8 mm Tube OD 3 31 93

SS-43GS8MM-1466

Stainless Steel 1-Piece 40G Series Ball Valve, 1.5 Cv, 8 mm Swagelok Tube

Fitting, No Lube, SC-11 Cleaned 4 174 696

SS-8M0-3-4TTF

Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting, Female Branch Tee, 8 mm Tube OD×8

mm Tube OD×1/4 in. Female NPT 12 64 768

SS-8M0-7-2

Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting, Female Connector, 8 mm Tube OD×1/8

in. Female NPT 1 13 13

SS-SM2-S2-A

Stainless Steel Low Flow Angle Pattern Metering Valve, 1/8 in. MNPT×1/8 in.

Swagelok Tube Fitting 16 141 2256

SS-200-1-2

Stainless Steel Swagelok Tube Fitting, Male Connector, 1/8 in. Tube OD×1/8

in. Male NPT 16 9 144

SS-202-61 316 Stainless Steel Jam Nut for 1/8 in.

Bulkhead Swagelok Tube Fitting 16 4 64

<none> Aluminium U-Profile, 40x100x40x3

mm L=1500 mm 1.5 15 22.5

<none> Washers, Stainless Steel, M4 50 0.1 5

<none>

Aluminium Board, rolled, 3 mm thick, 60 times 40 centimeters, Protective Foil

on one side 2 23 46

<none> Hexagon socket Screws, Stainless Steel,

M4 × 20mm 50 0.25 12.5

<none> Nuts, self-locking, Stainless Steel, M4 50 0.20 10

<none> Needle adapters 16 n.a n.a

Sum 4739

49 REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 2

[2.1] KENDALL, C., Tracing nitrogen sources and cycling in catchments. Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology. (1998) 519-576.

[2.2] PANNO, S.V., HACKLEY, K.C., HWANG, H.H., KELLY, W.R., Determination of the sources of nitrate contamination in karst springs using isotopic and chemical indicators. Chemical Geology 179 (1) (2001) 113-128.

[2.3] FOGG, G.E., ROLSTON, D.E., DECKER, D.L., LOUIE, D.T., GRISMER, M.E., Spatial variation in nitrogen isotope values beneath nitrate contamination sources.

Ground Water 36 (3) (1998). 418-426.

[2.4] CASCIOTTI, K.L., SIGMAN, D.M., HASTINGS, M.G., BÖHLKE, J.K., HILKERT, A., Measurement of the oxygen isotopic composition of nitrate in seawater and freshwater using the denitrifier method. Analytical Chemistry 74 (19) (2002) 4905-4912.

[2.5] SIGMAN D.M., CASCIOTTI K.L., ANDREANI M., BARFORD C., GALANTER M., BAHLKE J.K., A Bacterial Method for the Nitrogen Isotoic Analysis of Nitrate in Seawater and Freshwater. Analytical Chemistry 73 (2001) 4145-4153.

[2.6] BÖHLKE J.K., COPLEN, T.B., Interlaboratory comparison of reference materials for nitrogen-isotope-ratio measurements, Reference and intercomparison materials for stable isotopes of light elements, IAEA TECDOC 825: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (1995) 51-66.

[2.7.] COPLEN T.B., New guidelines for reporting stable hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen isotope-ratio data. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60 (1996) 3359.

[2.8.] SKRZYPEK G., SADLER R., A strategy for selection of reference materials in stable oxygen isotope analyses of solid materials. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom 25 (2011) 1625-1630.

[2.9.] COPLEN T. B., HOPPLE J. A., BÖHLKE J. K., PEISER, H. S., RIEDER S. E., KROUSE H. R., ROSMAN K. J. R., DING T., VOCKE Jr R. D., RÉVÉSZ K. M., LAMBERTY A., TAYLOR P., BIÈVRE D., Compilation of Minimum and Maximum Isotope Ratios of Selected Elements in Naturally Occurring Terrestrial Materials and Reagents. US Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation. (2002) Vol. Report 01-4222.

[2.10.] SKRZYPEK G., Normalization procedures and reference material selection in stable HCNOS isotope analyses - an overview. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 405 (2013) 2815-2823.

[2.11.] BRAND W.A., COPLEN T. B., AERTS-BIJMA A. T., BÖHLKE J. K., GEHRE M., GEILMANN H., GRÖNING M., JANSEN H. G., MEIJER H. A. J., MROCZKOWSKI S. J., QI H., SOERGEL K., STUART-WILLIAMS H., WEISE S. M., WERNER R. A., Comprehensive inter-laboratory calibration of reference materials for δ18O versus VSMOW using various on-line high-temperature conversion techniques. IAEA-TECDOC-825. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, (1993) 51–66.

BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER 2

McILVIN, M.R., CASCIOTTI, K.L., Technical updates to the bacterial method for nitrate isotopic analyses. Analytical Chemistry 83 (5) (2011) 1850-1856.

50

MICRO-DIFFUSION OF ¹⁵N ENRICHED AMMONIUM AND NITRATE SAMPLES

M. HEILING

3.1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

The micro-diffusion method is used to determine the stable nitrogen isotope composition (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) of ammonium and nitrate/nitrite in liquid samples. In this technique, ammonium and nitrate/nitrite are isolated prior to analysis of ¹⁵N/¹⁴N with the isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) or emission spectroscopy (ES). Theoretically all types of liquids can be analysed but depending on the considered N-pool, pre-extractions can be necessary. For soil inorganic N studies, KCl soil extracts need to be prepared. The method cannot discriminate between nitrate and nitrite, therefore the obtained results will reflect the sum of both components respectively to their relative concentrations, but usually nitrite concentrations are very low or negligible. To simplify the reading, the term nitrate will be used instead of nitrate/nitrite in this text. This SOP will focus on sample preparation for IRMS, for ES details can be found in [3.3].

Analyses of ¹⁵N enriched nitrate and ammonium can be applied in many studies of inorganic N-pool, e.g.:

 N-leaching studies in micro-plots;

 N-balance studies;

 Mineralization-immobilization turnover in soil N-pools;

 Fertilizer use efficiency studies