YEARS/ANNEES
13. EXTERNAL PUBLIC DEBT OUTSTANDING OF DEVELOPING AFRICAN COUNTRIES
(DISBURSED ONLY)
ENCOURS DE LA DETTE PUBLIQUE EXTRIEURE DES PAYS AFRICAINS EN DEVELOPPEMENT (MONTANTS DECAlSSES SEULEMENT)
BILLION us DOLLARS
MILLIARDS DE DOLLARS E U
DEVELOPING AFRICA
- - - AFRIQUE EN VOlE DE DEVELOPPEMENT NORTH AFRICA
AFRIQUE DU NORD WEST AFRICA
_ 0 _ , - AFRIQUE DE ~OUEST
CENTRAL AFRICA
_ .. -
AFRIQUE CENTRALEEAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA
• • • • • •• AFRIQUE DE ~EST ET AUSTRALE
,."..
"", ..
"'" ...
"
.."",...
- -"'" " .. """.- ~...",="":,,, "" ••
-" . . . -
.
~..
~..
". " ..
"'" ..
"...
-
.--.-~."_... _.-.-.- ...
- ... - . - . . - . - . - . Ii""
•..;.::.-:-:..-~'-:"': ~::::~::,.:...:..;
: ..
~..
71
72 73 74 76
112
77 78 79
80
8114. MONEY SUPPLY -DiSPONIBILITES MONETAIRES
DEVELOPING AFRICA-AFRIQUE EN OEVELOPPEMENT
0....1..---LEGEND/LEGENDE
1980 1982 1975
Currency outaide bonks / Monnaie fiducioire
1970
1«««<1
Oemand dtpo,it.I Monnaie .cripturale IN MILLION US DOLLARSEN MILLIONS DE DOLLARS EU
18100
3620 10860 39820
25340 32580 54300
47060
113
flP=;ion"'C"rt~e1a;:b~:P~~"J: :1~1l;'C;°"~~b
l'in~le.00'll,,", re.p"cU ...""t ....jul "t l ...bo 3t. M.o.ry {dan. 1. 0". 4. 1... a_bu}"t'!ll~ty?<I(4.o.r<a I"~&.du Malawi)
c...-..h t. .b . . . . .bah
".
IIldic.e ileapm1la con_tim..
m i~• • _ n.••bla.. ,- .
Al1manwtion '970.
ioo,,171
.,,,,,
tlub-rell"i.... ICOWlt'7 1971 1m
"'" 1981 1982
:ltru_rigfon.I
P"". • • • • •
Liby"".lAb J8llIIIhiMy& _ Jaae.h1r1y1l Arabe
Liby...",e •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
97.'
68.9 122.9 85.0SUd.." _ SOUda!l••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 101.3
".'
m.J «J4.9'l'unini. . . Tunh1... 106.0 110.3 1~8.9 111.0 181.1 195.) 191.2 2;;:~ 2<4.e· 2~1.1
WESTAFlCCA - AFRIi;.IEm:L'oum:n' B""in ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
<;~:8 358:8
llurl:ina ... 0W.J:jf... 102.1 109. 2 1)1.1 102.1 2n.) 324.9 n6.C 3?~."
Cepe Verd... - C&~VertJI,ll/... 115.) ll1.0 2€v.1 "".6 267:1 290:1 28j:4
=~aliJ~~~=.~:::::::::::::::::::::::: 10).1104.9 103.1106.2 164.)i23~.5 252.4:82.6 2950.0 3138.1 636,.5 7890.5305.4 7811.8314.0 lOn".f))2.1
Guin _ _l1u.in...
()u1n_IlleelW _ Quinn Bi.eau...
98:2 1';';:6 )64:4
Ivor,y Guet - O~t.. d'Iv01re.!iI..•.••••••.• 99..2 :..t9.0 312.7 360.6 339.2 379. J 3?".4
~~:~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 100.2 In.1",.8 169.1 112.4181.5 382:, 429.5 41~.4
MmlrU""i.. - ...rit&.o.h §/.J!iJ... 101.6 109.6 151.0 168.1
'286:11:2/ 3i9:~
lUger11~... 104.3 IDS.5 144•• 139.9 351., 410.5
372:8
N1geri..~. . . . 113.5 126.2 139.9 186.2 286.5 369.4 346.3 465.9 501.2
S8rlegal1 ... 104.1 104.9 18a.7 211.9 261.4 290.9 276.9 29.3.1 325.0 35i. ,
Sierra LMI'leW ... ,e., 96.2 1')O.~ lU.~ ?1I5. 1 30<>.0 ),1.4 ~1<J.l 4W.! 52<.2
'tog<>W··· 108.9 110.4 158.8 l&~hO 20.2: 218.0 317.5 349.6 ~50.2 39f.7
C:m'I'RALAFRIOA - AFRIlJIElXJODiTRE
1lIlTWIdiJjj. . . . 103.9 10h9 153.1 161.3 332.r).! 320.~ 366.eI! 350•.,.L' 381.g:..' m.el!
~:~:;:"~~i~::;-H~c":fl~!..~~IT:u~~ ~,. 103.8 105.8 157.7 170.1 :n4.6 ~1.~ ~2.<5 340.1 343.4 404.1
Oentrafricain , J1/... >06.:1% 108.1
153.;P
1';8.0Chad _Tchad
,
~~~:l"iJ 106.0 ~t~ 1~8.0 2;9:~ ~i.e:4~'
...
'Oongoi/o1 •••::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 104.9 150.7 236.6 29).1' ,03.0-' 3Z7.0
D:tuatorial Ouinea _ Guin ..., Equatoriala •••••
...
15e:?Oab<:in:%,~••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 100.0 2')0.6 ~1~.9 lbB.·,..
Rwanda , . . . . 10~.0 105.0 199.0 200.0 Sao ~., ~Prlnolpo. - s...T"""-~Uo.dpo..
31ie:5
Za.ire - ZaireW.••....•••••...••••..•.. 105.8 110.4 232.9 2&0.6 34-22.5 4,,,<.1 4764.0
EASTL'E:iT El'IJ!DSOU'lm:IlIf.&l]9'l1l!LEAFl\ICJ, -
""''''' ,.
Angol"' . . . • ...
15i:6 158:5 267.4 288:7 311.1 353.Ct 146.e Ll(·0.7
BotlJWUle••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 99.4
Como... _G. .o...
Djlo""ti. . . . lA2.3 143.4 (6~:4 ?;i:5
Ethiopia. - P:tMoph~.W··· 100.5 99.9 119.0 1:2.5 Zil1.2 2"/0.13 277.0 'DC.';
Kenya.2/,;:E/•.121... 147.2 149.5 234.5 243.5 266.9 n5.0 336.1 32',.7
LeeotbO§.;."Jf,••••••••..•••••••..•••••.•••• 131.6 115.6 261.9 295.6 )05.2 ~1.5 335.9 3n,1
Mad&p.loar •
w...
105.4 105.3 156.1 169.9 242.7 261.5 316.S l4S.~ 416.~ 45;.1Kala"iii, 21. W· ... ·••....····•.. •••.. •• 108.2 111.2 151.0 171.8 243.9 266.9 267.2 300.0 ~~:~ i~~:~.w
Maurltiua _"'"0"... 100.3
WO.,
171.7 189.0 "'.J 402.4"'.,
460.6ltkoslIlIil:oiqu.~••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 115.7 113.6 164.2 113.5
Seyob.ne·llI··· .. •••••••• .. • .... ••••• lL¢.9 118.4 242.6 286.0 457.) 499.2 505.9 527.7 '101.4 535.7
So\I.e.li& -~j,)And.s-u.• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •ill...··· ..··.·
,.,.., "., "".,
~9.1 145."'.,
0 IS1.6141.4 162:5 162:, 17~:1 ,:i9:e 182:8 19~;0 Tel!Qll1&, Unite(!.Raplbl:l.eo~_hsUbl1qu.464.2 '198.6 t;~1.4
Uni" d. T..._i... 104.7 ",.8 "97.7 227.0 3(;9.5 Ll~5.3 525.~
ugm>do. _ZaIIIbi... _~rJa~bl..{j'.'• . . . .W ... 115.6104.9 124.7lOS..9 "'.8126.& 302.7U9.0 283:4 303.3 323.0 :148.1 363.5 393.4
Z1Db...§j... 103.0 102.3 126.1 IJ~.O
>06.,
197., 233.5 221.4 258.5 "'.7Priorto1914 • C..-blon_...,1".- _ Av..." 1974' O.. _bl ....~a .eul_""~
!lu. , 1974 .. 100
boludinB olothinBIlttd"""t _ lion oomprl.I".groupad·habill ...""tet d., 1"ler Europaan. - Q>~.
he1ud1nBr'*Itt _ 'CillO<lIRprisI .. g1"O'I>Pd101'"
Low ino".e group _ JI'uIU1 ...e;yant un """"ue ..odique (Iov":<'UlIl..,t_plO1' ". - Fonctionnaire" duIfG'lno",...t .lv,,~<IfI ....'Ul&D12IIC11ltha - IiIoyfOnn"d. IIOin.rle 12 ..ole
s..."11972 .. 100
Iliddl.. inoo.. "~p_PaIIn1..."il"""tUl1 .... ven". mcyan 1la8. : 1973 .. 100
B&e.. I1971 ..100
Bu. I J ....~. 198~.. 100 - B...." Jan.-Juls,19'92_100 .t.frlOllJlIl - .If'r1oa~1l
O,,""mgto :I.a theo.pital oitJ of theOO<loerned oountry vtth the <lZc.p'Uot>o~GUbia whttno o"., ..rage:I.Jo Ball.jul .... d l[o.iba st.IIa1'1 ....d . .b.w1 1. BlIlZItp<!
114
3&. TJANSPORT AND COI1l'lliNICATION - TRANSPORTS ET COHHllNICA1'IONS Rate of Growth - raux de Croisaance Subregion / COlll'ltry
-Sous-region / Pays
Railwaya - Chemins de fer Length of railways (km) Longueur du reseau (k.m)
Sea-borne shipping - Transport maritime
Goods -~Karcbandises ,~
Loaded - E;lIIbarquees Un1o;,aded - Debarqueea
Air Tr4Hie - Trafic aeden
Goods~-Karchanciiaes ~
Loaded - Embarquee8 Unloaded - DEb4rqllees
1970 1975 1980 1982 70/75 75/80 80/82 70/75 75/80 80/82 70/75 75/80 80/82 70/75 75/80 80/82
...
...
U1
NORTH AFRICA - AFRIQUEDUNORD
Algeria - Algerie •••••••••••••••.•••••.•.••.•••.
Egypt - Egypte •••.••••••••••.•••.•...•••••.•
Morocco - Maroc •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Libyan ArabJ •• - Libyenne .
Sudan - Soudan •.••••.•.••••..••.•••••••.•.••.•.•
·1'uDisi. - Tunisie •••.•.•.•...••••••.•••.••••..••
WEST AFRICA -: AFRIQOl!.DEL'OUEST
lenin ••••••.•••..•••••••••..•...•...••.•.•••..••
Burkina Faso ••••••.••••••••.•...•..••..•..••..••
Cape Verde - Cap-Vert •••••••....•..••..•.. , •....
GlIIIIbia - Gllmbie •.•.••••••...•...•...•••.••••.•
Ghana .
Guinea - Guinle ...••...••...•..•..••••••••••••.•
Guinea.-Bhsau - Guin4"e-Bissau .••...••...•...•..
Ivory Coau - Cote d'Ivoire .
Liberia •••••.•.•••••••.••.••••••••.••...•.
Hali .
Hauritania - Mauritanie ••••••••••.•..••...•••.••
=~::~i;'::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:
Senegal •.••.•••••.•.••••••••••••..•.•.•.•.•....•
Sierra Leone .
Togo .
CENTRAL AFRICA - AFRIQUE CENTRALE
Burundi .
e-roon, Rep. of - Cameroun, alp. du ...••••.•••
c..tral African Republic - Rep. Centnfricain .•••
. . . - Tchad .••••••••••••••••••.•...•••••••••.
. . . .0 ; • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
"uatorial Guinea - euinle £quatoriale •••••••••••
Gabon .
Rwanda ..•••••.•.•••••••••••••••••..••..•...
Sao 'rcee &Principe - Sao TouJ-et-principe •.•••.
Zaire - Zaire .•..•.•.••••• '•••••.•..••..•...•.•••
1) Railw4ya d4ta are included with Ethiopia.
Lea donneea concernant Les chemins de fer sene ineluses dans celles relative a l'Ethiopia.
EASTAND SOUTHERN AFRICA - AFRIQUE DE L 'EST AT AUSTRALE
Angol'! ••••••••••••••••••••..•...•..•..•.•.•.•.•
Botatrlana ••••••••••••...•...•...•...•...••.•••••
cceceee - Comores •.•...•.•••.•••••••.••
Djibouti .
Ethiopia - Ethiopie •••.••..•..••..•••...•••.•
Kenya •••••••••.•.•.•••.••..••.••...•..•...•••.•
Lesotho •••••••.•..•••.•••..•...•.•.••.•••.•••••
Madagaacar .•.•.••.•••••••.••.•••••••••••••••.••
Malalli .••.••.••••.•.••••••.•••••••••••••••••.• ; Mauritius - Maurice .•••...•••••••••••••.•••••••
Ho~8IIlbique•••••••••••••.••••.••••••.••••.••.••.
SeyehelIe s •••••••••••.••••••.•••.•• , •••••..••••
Somalia - Somalie .
S\;razil~nd ••••••••••••••...•.. : •.•••/ •••• : •.•...
reeeenre; Un. Rep. of - reueenie , Rep. Un~e de Uganda - Ouganda •••.••. , .•••..•.•.••••••.•.•...
~,=-==~~~---Sources: 1. National Publicationa - Publications nat Lons l ee ,
- - - 2. United Nations Yearbook of Statistics - Annuaira Statistique des Nat ion. Unies.
3. Yearbook of United African Railways - Annuaire Statistique des Chemins de fer de I'Union Africaine des Chemins de Fer.
4. United Nationa IDOntb1y bulletin of Statistics - Bulletin Mensuel de Statistiqua des Nations Unies.
TlANSPORT AND COHMtlNICATIOHS (Continued) - TRANSPORTS IT COMMUNICATIONS (euite) Humber (Ifvebf.c l ea per 1000 inhabitants
Hombre de vehf cut ea pour 1000 hsbitanrs Sub-ngionI Cowtry
-Sous-region I Paye
Length of J..,phalted roadeHem) Longueur des routes
bitumee. (lem)
Passenger cars~
Voiture de touriaftlS
coumercial vehicles -vehicules utLl Lt aire r
Number pel' 1000 inhabitants Radio receivers -poates de radio
- NOIIIbre pour 1000 habitants T.V. receivers Postes de T.V.
1970 1975 1980 1982 1970 1975 1960 1982 1970 1975 1980 19821 1970 1975 1980 1982 1970 1975 19&1 1982
0.1 NOB.'l1I. AFRICA - AFRIQUE DU HORD
Algeris - Algerie ••.•.•...•.•••••••.•..•.•.••••••
Egypt - Egypte ••••••.•.•.•••••••••..•••.•••••••.•
IkIrocco - Maroc ••••••••••••••..•.••.•.•.••••.•••.
Libyan ArabJill. - Libyenne ••••••..•.•••.••••••••.
Sudan ~ Soudan ••••••.•.••••••••••••..•..••••••..•
!uni8is - Tunisie .••••••.•.••••••••••..••••••••••
WESTAFRICA - AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST
Benin ...••••••••.••••••••••••.•.•••••••••••.••.••
Burkin8 Faao •.••••••••••••••••..•••••••..••..••••
Cape lh!rde - Cap Vert •.•••••••••••'•.•• , .•••••••••
GaDlbia - Gambie ••..•.•••••••.•.•.•••.•••••.••••••
Ghana .
Guinea - Guinee •.•••.••••••••••.•...••••••...•.••
Guinea Biaasu - (luim:e-Bi8811.u •••••••••••••••••••.
Ivory Coaet - Cote d,'lvoire .
Liberia ••...•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•..
Kali .
Mauritania - Mauritanie •.•.••••••...••••••••.•.••
lIiser ••••••••••••.•.••••.•••.•••.••••••••••..••••
Nileria ••.•••••••••.•.•.••••••••.••••••••...•••
Sene'ga1 ••••••.••••••••....••••••...•••..•••••...•
SIerra Leone •.••••••.••••.•.•.•.•...••...•..••.••
Togo .
CIIITHAL AFRICA - AFRIQUE CENTRALE
Suraadi ..• :,•.•...•••••.•...••... : ...•....
C_roon, Rep. of - C_roun, Rep. du .•...•••••••
Central African Rlpublic - aep. Centrafricaine ••.•
Ched. - TcMd .•••••••••••••.•••••.•••.•••••••••...
CGDgO .
Iqll.8torial Guinea - Guinee Equatoriale ••••.••••••
Gabon ..••••••••••••••••••.••••.•••••••••..••••••.•
"anda .
Sao Tome " Principe - S.o TODui'-et-Principi ••••..•
Zaire - Zaire .
.... ....
'"
,,EAST ANDSOUTIlERN AFRICA - AFlUQU!'D£
LIEST &TAUSTRALE
Angola ••••••••.•••.••..•.••.•.• _••••••••..••••••.
BotlVan•••••....••.•.••••.•...•••••• _•.•••.••••.•
COlllOro8 - Comores ...•••••••.•.••••••...•..•••••
Djibouti .
Ethiopia - Ethiopie ••.•....•••••••...•.••••...•..
Kenya •••••••.•.•••••••.. , ...••••.•••....•••••.••.
Lesotho ••••••.••••••...•.•..••.••••••....•••..•..
Kadaga8car •••.••••••••.•.•....•.•••.•..••••..•..•
Ha1awi •••••..••••••.•..••..•.•••••...•••...•
Mauritius - Maurice ••••....•.•••••• " ••••••..•..•
Mozambique •..•.•..•••••. _...••.. __•••...•. _.••.
Seychelle•••••••••.•••.•.•••••••..•••••.••...••••
Somalia - Soma1ie ••••. _•.•.•••••..•...••••...
S\fazil~nd : ••.• :,,, ••. : .•..•• ,,
Tanll.D~a,Un. Rep. of - 'raneao te , Rep. Uni.e de ...
Uganda - Ougends •••.••••••••..•.•••••..••..••.•••
Zambia - Zambie ••.•..••••••••••...•••.••.••....••
2illlbabwe •••••.•.•••••••..•.•.•••.••..••••....••.• Source: 1) National Publications - Publications Nation.lM
2} Internationd Road Federation: World Road Statiatics
-reder.1ltion Routiere Int.e rnat Lcnatea e StaciatLque s Routi~res Mondia Ies , 3) ac.ebtica1 Yearbook of UNESCO - Annuaire Statistique de 1.UNESCO.
III. TEOINICAL NarES
'n1e purpose of these technical notes is to outline as far as possible, the scope of the data presented in the tables and i.J¥lic<lte the concepts, definitions and classifications involved.
While the Statistics Division has taken great CIIu:'e in selecting the data, 1nter-country comparisons should be nade with caution since individual country statistical practices, concepts and exJVerage etc. differ widely.
Attellpts are being nade to standardize oountty practices to oonfiIm to
international recamendations but these have not been entirely suocessful up to
now.
Dem:?graphic and SOcial Indicators
'lable 1: Estilnates of total
mid--year
population and percentage of population inw:ban
areas 1970-1982Unless otherwise stated, total population refer to the 'de facto'
population, i.e. all persons physically presents in the country or area at the reference period. Estimates of percentages of mid~ FO£lUlation are
assessed based on the 1982 population.
lIstillates of pen:entages of urban population defined as the rnmi:ler of urban population over total population IIU1tiplied by 100 are calculated using the United Nations method and fran data xecei.ved from country censuses and surveys. ReMers are advised to be cautious in interpreting these data since different countries have used different definitions of
'urban'.
'll1e following countries can be rrentioned as exanples on their respective'urban'
definitions.117
-(1) Algeria - All oomnunes having as chef-lieu either a city, a rural - town or an urban agglomeration.
(2) Central African Republic - 20 principal centres (3) Ghana - localities of 5000 or II'Ore inhabitants
(4) senegal - Agglomerations of 10,000 or nore inhabitants.
Table 2: Estimates and projections ofrrmid-year total population by sub-region
and country
1980-2000.Estimates and projections of the total mid-year p:>pulation for the years 1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000 have been based on the 1982 assessment of population trends in the ECA m::mber States by the ECA p:>pulation Division in collaboration with the United Nations family.
Table 3: Average annual growth rate of total, urban and rural population -1970-1982
The growth rate of urban p:>pulation is defined as the annual average rate of change in the nl.Ullber of people in urban areas per 100 p:>pulation in the
co~. The calculations
were
made assuming exponential growth.Table 4: Percentage distribution of population by age group and dependency ratio 1982
Dependency ratio is defined as: Population of age 0 - 14 + 65 and over Population 15 - 64 years
'!his ratio is !JeBe8Sli1re which shows the nl.Ullber of dependents each 100 persons in the productive segment of the p:>pulation must support, and hence measures the impact of the age c~itionon the livelihood activity of the p:>pulation.
118
--1'"
It is a very useful rreasure because it requires only age statistics
and, therefore, can be calculated far countries for Irohich employment statistics are not available.
Table 6: Crude birth and death rate 1970-1985
Crude birth rate is defined as: Annual birth
'Ibtal mid-year poputataon X 1000 Similarly, crude death rate is defined as:
Annual deaths X 1000
'Ibtal mid-year population Table 7 - 8: Percentage distribution of ecanomically active
population by sector and sex 1970-1982 and estimates of activity rates 1975 and 1980.
Because of the individual countries difference in definition of concepts and coverage of economically active population, reference period, age limits, treatnent of certain population groups (e.g. unpaid family workers) etc.
great care must be taken when making conparisons.
In table 7, agriculture comprises of agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishing. IndustJ:Y includes mining and quarrying, manufacturing, oonstruction and electricity, gas and water Irohile services comprise of all other branches of econanic activities.
Table 9: Population per physician and population per hospital bed 1970-1982 Physicians include all graduates of a medical school or faculty actually working in a conti:ry in any medical field, L,e; (practice, teaching, administra-tion, etc.)
119
-A hospital bed is one regularly lIBintained and staffed for the
aCCOIlIlOdation and full time care of inpatients and is situated in wards or a part of the hospital where continuous medical care is provided. 'lhe total of such beds constitutes the norllB1ly available bed of the hospital.
Since variations exist in statistical reporting of different countries, international canparison is difficult to make anong =untries and even affect national series.
'nililes 10 and 11: Gross enrollment ratio for
primary
schools by sex 1970-1982 Gross enrollenent ratioas for secondary schools and highereducation 1970-1982
'!he gross enrollment ratio is the total enrollment of all ages diVided by the population of the specific age-groups which correspond to the age
groups of prillBry, secondary and higher education. 'lhe gross enrollment ratios for prillBry and secondary education have been calculated taking into account;
the differing national systems of education and duration of schooling at these levels. At the third level the figures for the population aged 20 - 24 have been used throughout.
Ellrol1Itent at second level includes general education, teacher training and other education.
'nilile 12: Literacy rates by sex
Literacy rate is the proportion of adult population (in general, 15 years and over) who are able to read and write.
120
----'---·---~----·-l"
Table 13: mGOP at market price
Gross domestic product (GOP) measures the gross final output of goods and services of resident producers of an ecanOll\Y. It is calculated without allowance for depreciation.
GOP estimates in current US dollars are cbtained from the current price series in national currencies using year-to-year weighted average exchange rates for converting total value of trade from national currency into US dollars. GOP in constant US dollars is also obtained using the above weighted exchange rates.
Table 14: GOP by kind of ecorx:rni.c activity at 1970 constant factor cost 1970-1982
Agricultural sector consiste of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishi.ng' • other industriesiinclude electricity, gas and water and
construction. services comprise wholesale and retail trade and
restaurants and hotels; transport, storage and ccmmmcatacn, finance,
insurance, real estate and business, conmunity, social and pllrsonal services.
Table 16: EKpenditureon GOP at 1970 constant market prices 1970-1982 Government consumption expenditure consists of all current expenditure made by general govenurent for the purchase of goods and services. Included are the capital outlays of government services on' durable goods for national defence and security.
Private consumption expenditure is the final consumption expenditure of households and private non-profit institutions serving households.
Gross fixed capital formation, consists of the outlays of industries, producers of government services and producers of private non-profit services to households, on additions of new durable goods (cu,ulOdi.ties) to their stocks of fixed assets less their net sales of similar second-hand and scrapped goods. EXcluded are the outlays of government services on durable goods for national defence and security.
121
-Gross capital format.Ion is gross fixed capital fornation and increase in stocks.
Gross rates were calculated from constant price series; the shares of GOP were calculated from current price series.
Table 17 and 18: Production of agriculture, fishery and forestry; agriculture production by broad groups and index numbers of agriculture production (Chart 7)
Agricultural production and index numbers. '!he basic data were taken from the FAO data base.
Table 19: Index numbers and growth rates of industrial production
The category "General" covers mining, manufacturing, and electricity, gas and water and does not cover unless otherwise indicated, construction.
Table 20: PIoduction and =nsumption of crude petrolelUU
Crude petroleum comprises the liquid product obtained from oil wells consisting predominantly of non-arcmatuc hydrocarbons (paraffinic, cyclanic etc.) provided that they have not been subjected to any further processes other than those of decantation, dehydration or stabilization (removal of certain dissolved hydrocarbon gases for convenience of transport) or to which have been added only hydrocarbons prevaoualy recovered by physical nethcds during the course of the above processes. Data for crude petroleum include shale oil and field or lease condensate but exclude natural gas liquids and oils obtained from the distillation of solid fuels.
Table 21: Production and =n5UIl]ption of solid fuel
Solid fuels comprise of hard coal, bagasse, fuel.wood, charcoal, coke, coals briquettes, lignite, peat and peat briquettes.
122
-
--_._---Data on individual fuel COImDdities have been converted to a conm:m unit (netric ton of coal equivalent) for the sunreary presentation. The coefficients used to convert from original units into coal equipment are shown in Table I of the United Nations Yearbook of Energy Statistics (1982 edition).
It should be noted that the basic used f= coal equivalence conprises 7,000 calories per gram, the comparison between different fuels being I113.de on the basis of the heat energy which may be obtained from each of them under ideal conditions. In the case of solid fuels, this is represented by the heat energy obtained by burning an average grade of the fuel in a bomb calorineter.
Table 22: Production and coI1S\lllEtion of natural gas
Natural gas comprises any CCIlbustible gas of natural origin from under-ground sources, consisting primarily of hydrocarbons (whether or not in
association with crude petroleum). The data for production cover, to the extent possible, gas obtained from gas fields, petroleum fields or coal mines actually collected and utilized as a fuel or raw material measured at 15°c and 760 IIIIO/hg. Data thus exclude gas used for repressuring and reinjection, as well as gas flared, vented or otherwise wasted, and shrinkage accruing to processing for the extraction of natural gas liquids.
Table 23: Production and consumption of electricity
Production of electric generating plants comprises the total gross production of electricity generated by public utilities (Le. publicly or privately owned enterprises generating primarily for use in the public sect=) and by industrial establishnents generating for their own use of for sale.
OUtput is measured at generating centres and, therefore, usually includes station use and transmission losses.
Total consumption refers to consumptdon by all branches of economic activity and households. It also includes station use and losses in transport and distribution.
Table 24: Index numbers and growth rates of construction activity
The indexes are designed to show changes over tine in the census value added or in some instances in the contribution of the construction sector to the gross domestic product at constant prices. These measures are usually
123
-in approximate factor values (factor cost). The scope of the indexes, as defined by Division 5 (Construction) of the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC),
Statistical Papers, series M, No.4, Rev. 2 does not include oonstruction, repair and denolition
IliOn
undertaken as an ancillary activity by the staff and for the use of an enterprise classified in any other division of ISIC.Wherever possible, the index numbers are presented on the base 1975+100.
When this is not the case, this fact is indicated in a footnote.
Tables 25 - 30: International Trade
As a general guideline, the international trade statistics cover all nerchandise, that is, as far as possible, all godds which add to or
subtract from the stock. of material resources of a
ccunery
as a result of their zrovemmt into or out of the countiry,Exports are valued F .O.B. (free on board) and inputs CIF (cost, insurance and freight). In the categorization of exports and inputs the standard International Trade Classification (SITe) Revision 2 has been used as follows:
Section:
O. Food and live animals chiefly for foods, 1. Beverages and tobacco;
2. Crude materials, inedible, except fuels,
3. Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials;
4. Animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes;
5. Chemicals and related products, n.e,s ,
6. Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material, 7. Machi.nezy and transport equi.pnent;
8. Miscellaneous manufactured articles;
9. camodi.ties and transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITe.
121
-The calculation of armual. growth rates is based on the compound interest fontUla.
Table 27: structure of exports as percentage of total exports
Pri.rllMy cuLuodities are COIlIJOSed of sections 0 through 4. Manufactures are the cannodi.ties in SI'l1: sections 5 through 8. Other relates to the
cOllnodities in section 9.
Table 28: Structure of inp?rts as percentage of total imports
In the categorization of imports, food items refer to culllodities in SI'lC Sections 0, 1, 4 and Division 22 (oil seeds and oleaginous fruit) Fuels are the CUllilooities in section 3. Machinery and transport equipnent are the oomoodities in SI'lC section 7. Other relates to sections 2
(except Division 22), 5, 6, 8, and 9.
Table 29: Destination of exports as percentage of total exports
'!be tenn "developed COImtries" stands for developed market economies which comprise the follCMing countries: Australia, Austria, Belgill1ll, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Gennany (Federal Republic), Iceland, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Japan, Lichtenstein, LixenOOurg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, SOUth Africa, S\\1eden, SWitzerland, United Kingdan, United States of America and Yugoslavia.
Centrally planned economies are
COfiiJOSed
of Albania, Bulgaria, China, Czechoslovakia, German DeIrocratic Republic, Hungary, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of) Mongolia, Poland, Rorrania, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and Vietnam.125
-L'objet des notes techniques est de presenter dans leurs grandes lignes, autant que faire se peut, la portee des statistiques consignees dans les tableaux ainsi que la methodologie, les concepts et definitions utilises pour
leur elaboration.
Bien que la Division de la statistique ait mis un soin particulier a choisir les statistiques, i l convient cependant de faire preuve de prudence en effectuant des comparaisons entre pays du fait que les pratiques statistiques, defini-tions et couverture different largement. Des efforts ont ete entrepris pour conformer les pratiques nationales aux recommandations internationales. Mais ils n'ont pas ete entierement couronnes de succes jusqu'a present.
Statistiques demographiques et sociales
Tableau 1. Estimation de la population totale en milieu
d'annee ct pourcentages de la population urbaine, 1970 - 1982.
Sauf indication contrairc, les estimations de la popu-lation totale en milieu d'annee se referent principalement a la population de fait, qui comprend toutes les personnes presentes dans Ie pays ou la zone a la date de reference.
Ces estimations ont ete effectuees sur la base des chiffres
Ces estimations ont ete effectuees sur la base des chiffres