4. Résumé en français
4.9. Discussion
Le but de cette thèse était de démontrer l’effet de le l’activation implicite du stéréotype du vieillissement sur la mobilisation des ressources ainsi que l’idée que la logique du modèle Implicit-Affect-Primes-Effort (Gendolla, 2012, 2015) pourrait être généralisée à d’autres concepts liés à la facilité et difficulté que l’affect implicite.
Les résultats actuels sont interprétés comme un premier support de l'idée que le traitement implicite des amorces liées au vieillissement pendant l'exécution des tâches cognitives peut influencer systématiquement la réactivité cardiovasculaire comme cela a été précédemment démontré pour les stimuli affectifs. Ceci suggère que la logique du modèle Implicit-Affect-Primes-Effort peut être appliquée à d'autres types d'influences implicites que celles de l'affect implicite. Cependant, ce travail rencontre quelques limites. A savoir, premièrement, les stimuli utilisés comme amorces sont des images standardisées tirées de la base de données Lifespan-Adult-Faces (Minear & Park, 2004) mais avec un contraste élevé qui favorise leur reconnaissance. Il serait intéressant de répliquer les résultats avec une autre base de données qui permettrait une généralisation de l’impact du vieillissement implicite sur la mobilisation des ressources. Deuxièmement, selon la logique du modèle Implicit-Affect-Primes-Effort, les amorces doivent influencer la mobilisation de l’effort à travers leur impact sur la difficulté subjective. Cependant, à l’exception d’un effet marginal dans l’étude 2, aucunes des autres études n’a révélé un effet systématique sur les mesures évaluant la
demande subjective. Ainsi une mesure différente, plus sensible, et plus fiable pour évaluer la demande subjective de la tâche devrait être trouvée. Etant donné que l’évaluation de la difficulté subjective est considérée comme étant implicite, une mesure plus implicite serait plus appropriée pour détecter cet effet.
Pour résumer, les études menées dans ce travail de thèse ont permis de démontrer pour la première fois que la simple activation du stéréotype du vieillissement peut influencer systématiquement la mobilisation de l’effort au cours d’une performance cognitive, même chez les jeunes adultes.
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