CONTROL PROCESSOR COMMANDS

Commands provided by the Control processor fall into four categories. They are

1. System Parameter Display Commands ADD

DROP LIST CONTROL CONTROL!

name

2. Control Parameter Assignment Command name = value

3. Partition Display and Definition Commands ADD

DROP PARTITION DISPLAY n

4.

n attri bute n attribute =value STORE

CLEAR

BREAK (i. e., - ) END

Miscellaneous Commands QUIT

PROCEED

B R EA K (i. e., ~_)

END TIME

The ADD, DROP, BREAK, and END commands appear twice in the list because there are two command levels in the Control processor and the functi ons of these two commands depend upon the command level at which they are given.

The two command levels are the control command level and the PARTITION sub-command level. The control command level permits execution of all system parameter display commands, the control parameter assignment command, the miscellaneous commands, and the PARTITION command.

Initial entry into the Control processor is at this level. The PARTITION command invokes a sub-command level which permits execution of only the partition display and defini-tion commands.

The Control processor prompts for commands at the control command level with a dash (-) and prompts for commands

Control 59

at the subcommand level with a 'greater than' (» charac-ter. The ADD and DROP limited subcommand level prompts with a period (. ).

For all Control commands, only the first two letters of the command are significant. For exampl e, the following are equivalent:

-ADD' r

-AD -ADXYZ@;

-ADD ITEMS TO PRINT LIST

8

The commands will be discussed in the order in which they were listed above.

SYSTEM PARAMETER DISPLAY COMMANDS

ADD This command turns on the print flags for the specified items. The format of the command is

:.AD[D]

· item

· item

· item

where item is one of the control names or current values listed in Tables 16 and 17. The command is terminated by entering a alone after a prompt for input. If 'ALL' is specified, a II print flags wi II be turned on.

In the following example, the print flags for two control parameters, QMIN and OM7T, are turned on:

-ADD .QMIN .OM7T

The ADD command enables the user to select a group of parameters to be displayed whenever the display command CONTROL is given. (Other display commands allow the

60 Control

user to display all of the porometers or a single specified parameter. )

DROP The DROP command turns off the print flag for the specified items. The format of the command is

· item

· item

· item

where item is one of the control names or current values listed in Tables 16 and 17. If 'All' is specified, a" print fl ags wi II be turned off. The command is term i nated by entering a alone after the prompt for input.

In the following example, the print flags for two control parameters, QM IN and OM7T, are turned off:

-DROP .QMIN .OM7T wi

LIST This command lists the names of all items (from the group in Tables 16 and 17) with their print flags on. It can be used to make certain that a series of ADD and DROP commands had the desired effect. The format of the com-mand is

U[ST]

Example:

-DROP

· ALL

-LIST,,~r

-AD .QUAN

.TB

.UB @) . BCSP @)

(0) -DROP .TB

8

.UB

E'j

· 8

-LIST

8

QUAN

In this example, the first LIST command lists no items since the print flags for all items were turned off by the DROP command. The second LIST command lists QUAN and BCSP because their print flags were turned on by the ADD com-mand but not turned off by the subsequent DROP comcom-mand.

CONTROL This command displays all control parameters and current values with their print flags on. (The con-trol parameters and current values are listed in Tables 16 and 17.) The format of the command is

CO[NTROL]

Example:

-DROP @) .ALL

8

·8

-ADD @) .0MCOe . OUM @)

. 8

-CONTROL e

tMX ONLINE JOB RSRCE MCO = 32 MAX /I ON-LINE USERS (OUM) = 32

Due to the carriage width I imitation of most termi na I devices, only four decimal digits of the parameter may be printed with the parameter description. If more decimal digits are required, four asterisks will be printed after the equal sign

to indicate overflow. The parameter value will then be automatically displayed as a single parameter display.

Currently, control parameters do not require more than four decimal digits, but new values may be added in the future.

CONTROL! This command displays all control param-eters and current values whether or not their print flags are set. (The control parameters and current values are listed in Tables 16 and 17.) The format of the command is

(O[NTROl]!

Only the first two characters and the exclamation point are necessary.

The display prints out in the format shown in Figure 9.

name Single control parameters and current values may be displayed by entering their control name as a command.

(The control parameters are listed in Table 16 and the cur-rent values are listed in Table 17.) All characters of the name must be entered.

Example:

-BTCO

8

BTCO

=

63

CONTROL PARAMETER ASSIGNMENT COMMAND name

=

number The value of a specified control param-eter can be set by th i s command. The format of the com-mand is

name = number where

name is one of the control parameter names in Table 16. (The current values listed in Table 17 can not be modified. )

number name .

is an unsi gned integer in the range for the

A II characters in the name must be entered. Note that no blanks are allowed.

Example:

-QUAN =450 @) -QUAN @)

QUAN-=450

In this example, the value of the control parameter QUAt--¹ is changed to 450 and displayed.

Control 61

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62 Control

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OFT eNL.tNE Jet! ~RV\"E UTDIS -32767 operating simultaneously. The cost of achieving this over-lap is, of course, more core since it is required for all pro-cessors whether I/O-bound or CPU-bound.

However, resource overlap wi II not occur if, say, three compute-bound jobs are scheduled for execution concur-rently. Each jobwill, in turn monopolize the only resource all three need (the CPU) whi Ie other resources stand idle. This is why the Multi -Batch Schedul er (MBS) is needed. One of the main functi ons of MBS is to schedule jobs for concurrent execu-tion so that they uti lize as many resources as possible, and not to schedu Ie jobs that wi II vi e for a si ng Ie resource, which wou Id cause one or the other to occupy avai I abl e core space (i tse If a

resource) whi Ie waiting for a resource to be freed. t Ideally, a multi-batch scheduler would schedule a compute-bound

job with several I/o bound jobs and would let the compute-bound job take up the CPU slack while the others wait for I/O to complete.

Thus far, the discussion of batch system performance has approached the subject of resource optimization based on only one criterion - gross work accomplished per time unit.

If the total system work done over, say, a twenty-four hour period were the only consideration, the discussion might stop here. However, all installations have unique user re-quirements and operational procedures, and diverse machine configurations. Consequently, there are certain additional criteria on which system performance must be judged. These criteria might be termed operational considerations and with each of them is associated a priority that is higher than the one assigned to raw throughput.

A hypothetical illustration of an operational consideration might be an installation that has a system configuration utilizing six tape drives. Experience at this installation has shown that when a set of jobs that uses a II drives comes separating the output. Therefore, the installation manager may wish to block execution of either the job set requiring

:

,

..

of short duration that use minimal resources while jobs of long duration or those that use tape drives and private disk packs must be given a smaller share of the CPU time until the fast turnaround jobs are run. Both of these exampl es illustrate an important principle that emerges as a seq.uence of tempering raw throughput with operational con-siderations-submitted jobs must have attributes defined in terms of necessary maxi mum resources to run the job.

This is necessary so the system may identify those attributes, categorize the job, and schedule it to be run so as to satisfy the operational considerations while guaranteeing maximum thr ougnpu t .

Job attributes that are recognized by the Multi-Batch Sys-tem m:€ listed in Table 20. Those attributes that are used by the scheduler in determinrng when the job will run are i ndi cated by a footnote.

It is the responsibi lity of the user to specify the attributes of his job on the LIMIT command so that his job will not be scheduled for execution in the same manner as one re-quiring a greater slice of the system's resources.

The system manager is able to allocate the resources of his system to jobs with certain attributes by defining batch partitions under which diverse categories of jobs may run.

A

partition is a collection of ranges of job attributes. In

some systems, a partition is defined as a fixed, addressable area oraore in which jobs with certain attributes may run.

Partitions in CP-V are not that type. No physicolsystem resources such as core, spintHes, or tape drives are per-manently allocated to a partition. All jobs exeolJting in any partition draw their physico I resource requfl'ements from a common pool wi thollt regard to the partitti on under which they qualified for execution except thottl1enumeric limits that pertain to that partition will apply. A list of attributes that comprise a partition may be found in Table 18.

When a partition does not have a job scheduled fdr i-t, the scheduler looks for qualified jobs for that partition and selects 'the one with the highest priority and the 10ngest time in the queue of jobs waiting to be executet!. Once in the system, the job may use any of the physica,I'resources up to the limits assigned toi'ts partition or (if thebption was not specified) those specified on the LIMIT c€ll1d.

In summary, partition definitions are a primary fador in the job selection process. The system manager may direct the power of his system to the categories of jobs he so chooses by means of those definitions.

Partition attributes are initially specified on the :PARTl ...

nON command of PASS2 in SYSGEN. A maximum of

Table 20. Job Resource Attributes

Attribute CD Description Units

CORE (1) Maxi mum core si ze requi red by job. K words

TIME(1) Maximum time that the job wi II require to execute. minutes

~---~---9T(1) Maximum number of 9-track drives that the job wi" require. 9T drives

-7T(1) Maximum number of 7-track drives that the job will require. 7T dri ves

~---SPQ) Maxi mum number of disk pack spind les that the job wi II require. spindles

f

-Resource name (i) Maxi mum amount of resource that the job wi II require.

-f - - - ----

-ORDER(1)@ All previously entered jobs with this account must run prior to this job.

-

I---~---MOUNT(1) Specifies which packs or tapes must be premounted. ill _{numeri c}

-ACCOUNTQ) Specifies no other job with this account may run concurrently. ^@

-CD Attributes are specified on the LIMIT command and the IPOOL and FPOO L commands.

Q) Attributes used by the MBS in selecting jobs for execution.

Q) Resource name is specifi ed on the :RES command at SYSGEN.

(3) NORDER indicates job is not order-dependent.

G) Serial numb~rs are specified. Disk pack must be declared for shared or exclusive use.

@ Eliminates fi Ie-contention problems.

64 Control

16 partitions may be defined for any system. It is

In a time-sharing/batch processing system, emphasis may be given to batch processing by opening up more partitions.

However, it should be noted that CP-V is a queue-driven system and tasks are selected from prioritized queues with-out regard to the source of the request (i. e., on~1 ine, a significant dent in on-line response time because inter-active requests have a higher pri ority than compute bound

Partition definitions may be altered or displayed using Con-trol. Since the definition tables are fixed-length once created by SYSGEN, additional partitions may not be created and existing partitions may not be deleted. How-ever, existing partitions may be completely redefined or locked from further use. A description of the Control par-tition display and definition commands follows.

PARTITION This command passes execution control to the Partition sub-command level. It opens the partition

-6:6-given before any other partition-associated commands wi II be honored. Once given, no Control commands other than partition associated commands wi \I be recognized unti I the BREAK key is depressed or an END command is issued. The Control partition definition stack (but not the partition definition tables) is cleared. This stack will retain any definitions subsequently specified unti I another PARTITION command is issued. The format for the command is

PA[RTITION]

Control then prompts for partition associated commands.

An example is given in Figure 12, Example of Partition Commands.

DISPLAY n This command displays all of the attributes of partition n except for the account number of the job currently executing under the partition definition and the ID number of the current user. (Terminal page-width was

n attribute Single attributes for a specified partition be stored temporarily in the partition definition stack. The STORE command causes the valy"es in the partiti on definition stack to replace their corresponding values in the paJ,tition definition tables. (This point will be discussed furthfr after the STORE command is described.) Any other partitiqn commands may be issued between the set and STORE ~pm­

monds, including BREAK and PROCEED. However, e~~.cu­

tion of the CLEAR, STORE, QUIT, and END commands entered into the partition definition tables from the parti-tion definiparti-tion stack and clears the partiparti-tion definiparti-tion stack. The format of the command is display, however, the original spindJe range remains un-changed because the new va I ue has not passed from the partHion definition stack to the partition definition tables.

le STORE command fi~(':z~s the pre-viGus set command by ente:i':;l '1 range ot 0-2 into the spindle attribute of the parritit", 5 tr(-'e entries. The new value is then displayed

DUI! h .. tl..~, f'Jct that MBS cannot access the partition de-finition tub1es ,,·hile they ore being updated by Control, all )et ,...;omrnand values are stored ina stock until the user wishes to enter them 050 group. \tI/h;je the values are he>19 st')red 'r, the partition definition stack) the partition defi~lit:-:)r' tcbles (erne;', unlocked. It is only when the user issLles a S',-ORE commend th0.t the partition definition tables are locked and real data transfer takes place. The STORE command thus minimizes the time that partition definition tables need to be locked to MBS.

Each time 'J STC/f.E command is issued, the job queue is searr!)erl ar.d those lobs that do not qualify for execution under redefined ~'~)rtiti ons ::JrE' reschedu I ed under other partit:ons. Job H-;at previously did not quaiify under any partition are scheduled, if possible, for execution under a redefined partition. T~e least amount of rescheduling is required when all iedefined partition attribute values are set and a single STORE command is issued.

CLEAR This c')rY'mand clears the partition definition buffer. Values cotained from s,=t commands following the previous QUIT, END, STORE, or CLEAR commands are lost. The command format is

CLEAR This c')rY'mand clears the partition definition buffer. Values cotained from s,=t commands following the previous QUIT, END, STORE, or CLEAR commands are lost. The command format is

Dans le document ... ndwo:> 6/1.19 .wB,S (Page 74-88)