integrated, converged fourth generation wireless technology. Ad hoc networking will play an important role in this evolution. Its intrinsic flexibility, ease of maintenance, lack of needed infrastructure, autoconfiguration, self-administration capabilities, and significant cost advantages make it a prime candidate for becoming the stalwart technology for per-sonal pervasive communication. The opportunities for and importance of ad hoc networks are being increasingly recognized by both the research and industry community, as evi-denced by the flood of research activities, strong industry interest, and almost exponential growth of the Wireless LAN and Bluetooth sectors. In moving forward and successfully ful-filling this opportunity, developing and seamlessly integrating MANET with other wireless networks and fixed internet infrastructures, the successful addressing of many of the open research and development issues discussed in this article will play a critical role.
The rest of the chapters in this book cover many important areas and design issues in mobile ad hoc networks that, due to space limitations, have been only touched upon in this overview chapter. Specifically, subsequent chapters focus on the following areas:
Chapter 2, entitled “Off-the-Shelf Enablers of Ad Hoc Networks,” by Gergely V. Záru-ba and Sajal K. Das, discusses the WPAN and WLAN technologies as a Záru-basis for ad hoc networks. Specifically, the chapter analyzes the IEEE 802.11 family, Hiper-LAN, and Bluetooth.
Chapter 3, entitled “IEEE 802.11 in Ad Hoc Networks: Protocols, Performance and Open Issues,” by Giuseppe Anastasi, Marco Conti, and Enrico Gregori, presents the IEEE 801.11 technology and discusses its utilization for constructing ad hoc net-works. Special attention is devoted to the interaction between the TCP protocol and IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc networks. The aim is to analyze the performance of In-ternet applications such as Web browsing and file transfer in such environments.
Chapter 4, entitled “Bluetooth Scatternet Formation in Bluetooth Networks,” by Ste-fano Basagni, Raffaele Bruno, and Chiara Petrioli, describes the state of the art in scatternet formation using Bluetooth technology, that is, formation of multihop ad hoc nets of Bluetooth devices.
Chapter 5, entitled “Antenna Beamforming and Power Control for Ad Hoc Networks,”
by Ram Ramanathan, discusses the techniques to guarantee an efficient utilization of channel capacity. These techniques include: (1) utilizing directional antennas in ad hoc networks to increase effective capacity, increase connectivity, and lower probability of detection/interference, and (2) controlling the topology of an ad hoc network by changing the transmitting power.
Chapter 6, entitled “Topology Control in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks,” by Xiang-Yang Li, discusses methods for designing and maintaining network topology to enable network scalability, such as how to decide transmission radius to reduce interfer-ence and conserve energy while enabling good network connectivity, topology up-dates, and neighbor discovery.
Chapter 7, entitled “Broadcasting and Activity-Scheduling in Ad Hoc Networks,” by Ivan Stojmenovic and Jie Wu, surveys existing methods for broadcasting in a wire-less network intelligently (using omnidirectional or directional antennas, with equal or adjusted transmission radii) and for scheduling node activities to ensure both re-liability and power and bandwidth efficiency.
Chapter 8, entitled “Location Discovery,” by Andreas Savvides and Mani B. Srivastava, surveys the requirements and broad applications that can supported by location dis-covery, as well as technologies and algorithms that have been developed in this do-main, with an emphasis on the application and usage in wireless systems for routing calls to mobile users.
Chapter 9, entitled “Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs): Routing technology for dy-namic, wireless networking,” by Joseph P. Macker and M. Scott Corson, provides specific insights into standardization activities and efforts involved in mobile ad hoc networking.
Chapter 10, entitled “Routing Approaches in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,” by Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer, presents a comprehensive set of techniques used for routing in ad hoc networks.
Chapter 11, entitled “Energy Efficient Communication in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks,”
by Laura M. Feeney, summarizes the evaluation of energy consumption in medium-access control, routing, and transport protocols, including metrics and protocols used to prolong network life, and design of localized algorithms that avoid commu-nication overhead for updating network information. Power-efficient medium ac-cess and the use of geographic position for power optimization are also discussed.
Chapter 12, entitled “Ad Hoc Network Security,” by Pietro Michiardi and Refik Molva, presents recent research in the security area, including recent advances in providing
1.6. CONCLUSIONS AND INTRODUCTION TO REMAINING CHAPTERS 35
an automated key management scheme that does not require the presence of an ex-ternal infrastructure or bootstrap phase in which keys are distributed, as well as cur-rently available security mechanisms implemented in the data-link layer.
Chapter 13, entitled “Self-Organized and Cooperative Ad Hoc Networking by Silvia Giordano and Alessandro Urpi, presents methods for exploiting certain characteris-tics of ad hoc networks (e.g., cooperation and the relationship among nodes) based on community and social network concepts.
Chapter 14, entitled “Simulation and Modeling of Wireless, Mobile, and Ad Hoc Net-works,” by Azzedine Boukerche and Luciano Bononi, focuses on the use of simula-tion methods and tools used in the performance analysis of ad hoc network architec-ture and protocols, including synthetic models for describing the users’ mobility and the pros and cons of various available simulation tools (NS-2, Glomosim, etc.).
Chapter 15, entitled “Modeling Cross-Layering Interaction Using Inverse Optimiza-tion,” by Violet R. Syrotiuk and Amaresh Bikki, discusses modeling protocol inter-action at different layers of a networking system.
Chapter 16, entitled “Algorithmic Challanges in Ad Hoc Networks,” by Andras Farago, describes solved and open algorithmic problems that form the basis for many of the fundamental solutions and protocols in ad hoc networking.
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