Environmental satisfaction: more than a hygiene factor

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Environmental satisfaction: more than a hygiene factor

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Environm e nt a l sa t isfa c t ion: m ore t ha n a hygie ne fa c t or

N R C C - 5 4 5 1 6

V e i t c h , J . A . ; S t o k k e r m a n s , M . G . M . ; N e w s h a m ,

G . R .

J u n e 2 0 1 1

A version of this document is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans:

72nd Annual Conference of the Canadian Psychological Association, Toronto,

ON, June 2-4, 2011, pp. 1-11

http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/irc

The material in this document is covered by the provisions of the Copyright Act, by Canadian laws, policies, regulations and international agreements. Such provisions serve to identify the information source and, in specific instances, to prohibit reproduction of materials without written permission. For more information visit http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cs/C-42

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Veitch Stokkermans Newsham 2011 CPA

Environmental Satisfaction: More than a Hygiene Factor

Jennifer A. Veitch1_{, Mariska Stokkermans}2_{, and Guy Newsham}1

1_{NRC Institute for Research in Construction, Ottawa}

2_{Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands}

Abstract

Frederick Herzberg’s (1966) two-factor theory of work motivation relegated environmental factors to the realm of “hygiene” factors, for which motivation would not improve if conditions improved beyond some minimal level. This presentation will summarize field and laboratory research that counters this dismissal. Our research group and others has used laboratory methods to demonstrate that people prefer a mixture of direct and indirect lighting that lights the entire workspace, and individual personal control over the local lighting. Both mediated regression models and path analysis of experimental data have linked people’s appraisal of their workstation lighting with the appearance of the office, their mood, and their satisfaction g g pp , , with the work environment overall; one study found that the improved mood positively predicted work engagement. Field investigations have taken this farther, showing that satisfaction with the lit environment is an indirect positive predictor of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intent to turnover, and a negative predictor of health problems. These findings are notable because all of the workplace conditions studied are more than merely adequate. Steps taken to improve employees’ satisfaction with the working environment do influence their motivation at work, in ways that should benefit both individuals and their employers.

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Veitch Stokkermans Newsham 2011 CPA

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A paper on these results in LR&T (Veitch, J. A., Newsham, G. R., Boyce, P. R., & Jones, C.

C (2008) Li hti i l ll b i d f i l ffi A li k d

C. (2008). Lighting appraisal, well-being, and performance in open-plan offices: A linked mechanisms approach. Lighting Research and Technology, 40(2), 133-151) received the Society of Light and Lighting 2008 Leon Gaster Award (best applications paper)

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Veitch Stokkermans Newsham 2011 CPA

Two typical open-plan office cubicles (see one here). Partition reflectance= 0.51

Installed 4 different lighting designs:

1. Standard deep-cell parabolic (4 x 2-lamp luminaires per WS), could deliver over 1000 lx to desktop at maximum output

2. Parabolic + custom wall-washer (3 x 1-lamp) to potentially increase vertical luminance in field of view.

3 Parabolic + angle-arm task light 3. Parabolic + angle arm task light

4. Suspended dir/indirect (1 x 2-lamp per WS) + task light, far fewer lamps, therefore capable of lower light level than parabolics

The original experiment was reported in:

Newsham, G. R., Veitch, J. A., Arsenault, C. D., & Duval, C. L. (2003). Lighting for VDT

workstations 1: Effect of control on energy consumption and occupant mood,

ti f ti d di f t (IRC R h R t RR 165) Ott ON NRC I tit t

satisfaction and discomfort (IRC Research Report RR-165). Ottawa, ON: NRC Institute

for Research in Construction. Retrieved from http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/fulltext/rr/rr165/. Newsham, G. R., Veitch, J. A., Arsenault, C. D., & Duval, C. L. (2004). Lighting for VDT

workstations 2: Effect of control and lighting design on task performance and chosen photometric conditions (IRC Research Report RR-166). Ottawa, ON: NRC Institute for

Research in Construction. Retrieved from http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/fulltext/rr/rr166/.

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Veitch Stokkermans Newsham 2011 CPA

This re-analysis is from

Veitch, J. A. , Stokkermans, M. G. M., & Newsham, G. R. (2011). Linking lighting appraisals to work behaviors. Manuscript in preparation.

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Veitch Stokkermans Newsham 2011 CPA

This field study is reported in:

Veitch, J. A., Newsham, G. R., Mancini, S., & Arsenault, C. D. (2010). Lighting and office

renovation effects on employee and organizational well-being (No. NRC-IRC RR-306).

Ottawa, ON: NRC Institute for Research in Construction. Available at: http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/rr/rr306.pdf.

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Veitch Stokkermans Newsham 2011 CPA

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