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Paenibacillus, a novel pathogen of Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host for schistosomiasis

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HAL Id: hal-01134490

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01134490

Submitted on 23 Mar 2015

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Paenibacillus, a novel pathogen of Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host for schistosomiasis

David Duval, Richard Galinier, Gabriel Mouahid, Eve Toulza, Anne Rognon, Nathalie Arancibia, Jean-François Allienne, Guillaume Mitta, André Théron,

Benjamin Gourbal

To cite this version:

David Duval, Richard Galinier, Gabriel Mouahid, Eve Toulza, Anne Rognon, et al.. Paenibacillus, a novel pathogen of Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host for schistosomiasis. ImmunInv 2014 (Colloque Immunité des Invertébrés), May 2014, Dijon, France. �hal-01134490�

(2)

Laboratoire Ecologie et

Evolution des Interactions

Laboratoire Ecologie et Evolution des Interactions UMR 5244 CNRS-UPVD

52 Avenue Paul Alduy 66860 Perpignan http://2ei.univ-perp.fr/

Paenibacillus, a novel pathogen of Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host for schistosomiasis.

I MMUN I NV 2014, Dijon, 12 – 14 Mai

David Duval 1,2 , Richard Galinier 1,2 , Gabriel Mouahid 1,2 , Eve Toulza 1,2 , Anne Rognon 1,2 ,

Nathalie Arancibia 1,2 , Jean Francois Allienne 1,2 , Guillaume Mitta 1,2 , André Théron 1,2 , Benjamin Gourbal 1,2 .

Introduction

Schistosomiasis is the second most widespread tropical parasitic disease after malaria. To achieve the objective of schistosomiasis eradication in a decade, various research strategies and treatment programs were recommended and supported by WHO. One of these applicable approaches is based on the control of snail vectors in endemic area. Previous field studies have shown that competitor or predator introduction could be effective but no systemic investigation has ever been conducted to identify snail microbial pathogen and evaluate its molluscicide effect.

In this work, our aim is to provide a characterization of a novel infectious agent isolated from unhealthy Biomphalaria snails in our laboratory.

Unhealthy snails exhibits white nodules.

Discussion

Paenibacillus sp closely related to P. alvei has been isolated from unhealthy Biomphalaria snails. Histopathological examination has shown massive bacterial infiltration leading to an overall disorganization of snail tissues. Exposure of healthy snails to Paenibacillus infected snails led to a massive mortality. Moreover, egg hatching was significantly lower in exposed snails than in control whereas the spawning appeared to be unaffected.

Embryonic lethality is correlated with the presence of this pathogenic bacteria in eggs. This study reports the first description of a novel Paenibacillus strain as snail microbial pathogen by affecting both adult and embryonic stages of Biomphalaria, the vector snail of schistosomiasis.

1 Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Ecologie et Evolution des Interactions, UMR 5244, F-66860,Perpignan, France .

2 CNRS, Ecologie et Evolution des Interactions,UMR 5244, F-66860, Perpignan, France.

Dissected snail presents nodules on mantle (Mt), hepato-pancreas (Hp) and ovotestis (Ov) region.

Massive bacterial infiltration in snail tissues

A B

Histological section of the headfoot (A) and the kidney (B) regions of infected snails.

BC: Bacterial colonies; BS: Blood space; DCT: Dense connective tissue ; EC:

Epithelial cells; L: Lumen; MC: Mantle cavity; PV: Pulmonary vein; U: Ureter; V:

Vacuole

Phylogenetic analysis of Rpob gene sequence reveals that this infectious bacteria clades within Paenibacillus genus.

These rod-shaped bacteria present a mixed pattern of Gram staining and produce some endospores.

An exophytic nodule contains

a homogenous population of bacillus- like bacteria.

Unexposed snails

Exposed snails 100

60 80

40

20

% Su rvival

Days

0 20 40 60 80 100

Paenibacillus induces a massive mortality.

Survival rate of B. glabrata after exposure to Paenibacillus infection or unexposed.

B A

Unexposed snails Exposed snails 100

60 80

40

20

Nbr of egg masses Nbr of juveniles

Effect of Paenibacillus exposure on egg masses production and offspring number.

Egg masses from unexposed (A) and exposed (B) snails

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