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DIET-INDUCED ANIMAL MODELS TO GENERATE INSULIN RESISTANCE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES

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DIET-INDUCED ANIMAL MODELS TO GENERATE INSULIN RESISTANCE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES

Final degree project - June 2021 Andrea Conde Huarte-Mendicoa

Objectives

1. To review the main diets used to obtain diet-induced type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance rodent models.

2. To explain the molecular mechanisms of these diets that cause this pathology.

3. To compare the different diets and identify their benefits and disadvantages.

Conclusions

- There are specific diets that induce obesity in rodents and end up causing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes through specific molecular mechanisms.

- Each of these diets has advantages and disadvantages, where high-fat diet is the most widely used diet and cafeteria diet is the one that best reflects human obesity and type 2 diabetes.

- These animal models are essential to study the pathophysiology of complications associated with obesity, like type 2 diabetes, and further studies are needed.

Figure 1

Obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance development

Note. Modified from Zatterale, F., Longo, M., Naderi, J., Raciti, G. A., Desiderio, A., Miele, C.

& Beguinot, F. (2020). Chronic adipose tissue inflammation linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Frontiers in physiology, 10, 1607.

Table 1. Comparison of the main diets used to induce insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in rodents

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