!"#$%&'()(*$$+(,$-(./0(1+#2#.).#$3()34(5)3)60%03.($,(
789:(9;+0<(
!"##$%&"''"()*+,-%.",/0(%12%345*((*,%"($%67",%82%9"'%
%%
!/"(:*,$%5#(/#,%:*,%;0*7#$0<"=%>(:*,7"/0<'%?#'#",<@%%
.!3;%ABCD-%BDC%5"7)+'%9,0E#-%!/"(:*,$-%5"=0:*,(0"-%F!6%GHIJD%
K'"##$@)-%7",/0(2*<*((*,-%"7",2$"'LM'/"(:*,$2#$+%
!=<.-)2.>% N@#% !#7"(/0<% O#P% ?+=#% Q"(R+"R#% S!O?QT% ),*E0$#'% /@#% 7#"('% *:%
')#<0:U0(R%,+=#'%V0/@0(%3OQ%*(/*=*R0#'2%6'%/@#%'0W#%"($%<*7)=#X0/U%*:%!O?Q%
,+=#% P"'#'% V0/@0(% *(/*=*R0#'% 0(<,#"'#'-% $#E#=*)#,'% "($% #($% +'#,'% (##$%/**='% /*%
@#=)% 7"("R#% /@#72% O#% @"E#% $#E#=*)#$% "% /**=-% <"==#$% 6X0*7Y-% /@"/% <"(%
)",")@,"'#% ,+=#'% 0(/*% "% '07)=#% :*,7% 0(% Z(R=0'@% "($% <"/#R*,0W#% !O?Q% ,+=#'%
P"'#$% *(% /@#0,% 'U(/"</0<% '/,+</+,#2% % 3+,% <"/#R*,0W"/0*(% ")),*"<@% '+))*,/'% ,+=#%
/#7)="/#'% /@"/% ),*E0$#% "% 7#<@"(0'7% /*% :"<0=0/"/#% ,+=#% #=0<0/"/0*(2% 6X0*7#% "='*%
"==*V'%+'#,'%/*%E0'+"=0W#%/@#%'/,+</+,#%*:%0($0E0$+"=%,+=#'%"'%V#==%"'%R,")@0<"==U%
P,*V'#% ,#="/0*('@0)'% "7*(R% /@#% P*$0#'% "($% @#"$'% *:% ,+=#'% 0(% "% ,+=#% P"'#2% O#%
@"E#% 07)=#7#(/#$% *+,% /**=% "'% "% [,*/YRY\3OQ% )=+R\0(% :*,% V@0<@% V#% V0==%
),*E0$#%"%$#7*('/,"/0*(%*:%@*V%+'#,'%<"(%,")0$=U%#X)=*,#%<*(/#(/%"($%)"//#,('%
0(%!O?Q%,+=#%P"'#'2%
?0@A$-4<'(?+=#% ."("R#7#(/-% ?+=#% Z=0<0/"/0*(-% ?+=#% ]0'+"=0W"/0*(-% ?+=#%
[",")@,"'0(R-%?+=#%5"/#R*,0W"/0*(-%3OQ-%!O?Q2%%
B(((C3.-$4;2.#$3(
?+=#'%",#%0(<,#"'0(R=U%P#0(R%+'#$%/*%,#),#'#(/%^(*V=#$R#%0(%*(/*=*RU\P"'#$%'U'/#7'%
*(%/@#%!#7"(/0<%O#P2%%6'%/@#%'0W#%*:%'+<@%,+=#%P"'#'%0(<,#"'#'-%+'#,'%:"<#%/@#%"R#%*=$%
),*P=#7%0(%+($#,'/"($0(R%"($%7"("R0(R%/@#%<*7)=#X0/U%*:%/@#%^(*V=#$R#%,#),#'#(/#$%
PU%/@#%,+=#'2%%N*%'+))*,/%,")0$%#X)=*,"/0*(%*:%,+=#%P"'#'%"($%7##/%/@#%'<"="P0=0/U%R*"='%
*:% /@#% !#7"(/0<% O#P-% /#<@(0_+#'% ",#% (##$#$% /*% ),*E0$#% '07)=0:0#$% 0(/#,),#/"/0*('% *:%
,+=#'%"'%V#==%"'%@0R@\=#E#=%"P'/,"</0*('%*:%/@#0,%<*7)+/"/0*("=%'/,+</+,#'2%>(%)",/0<+=",-%
,+=#% )",")@,"'0(R% "($% ,+=#% E0'+"=0W"/0*(% <"(% @#=)% (*(\')#<0"=0'/'% +($#,'/"($% /@#%
7#"(0(R%*:%=*R0<"==U%<*7)=#X%,+=#'2%6P'/,"</0*(%*:%<*77*(%)"//#,('%0(%,+=#%P"'#'%<"(%
"='*% #("P=#% "+/*7"/0<% <"/#R*,0W"/0*(% *:% ,+=#'% 0(/*% ,#="/#$% R,*+)'% :*,% ^(*V=#$R#%
7"("R#7#(/2%!+<@%<"/#R*,0W#$%)"//#,('%<"(%"='*%P#%+'#$%"'%"%P"'0'%*:%,+=#%#=0<0/"/0*(%
/**='%/@"/%R+0$#%(*(\')#<0"=0'/'%#(/#,0(R%(#V%,+=#'2%%
% N*% /"<^=#% /@0'% ),*P=#7-% V#% @"E#% $#E#=*)#$% ,+=#% 7"("R#7#(/% '*:/V",#% <"==#$%
6X0*7é [3]. 6X0*7é was developed as a plug-in to the popular Protégé-OWL ontology development environment and provides an array of tools for managing SWRL [4] rule bases in OWL ontologies. These tools supports visual rule base
Proceedings of OWL: Experiences and Directions 2009 (OWLED 2009),
Rinke Hoekstra and Peter F. Patel-Schneider, editors. http://www.webont.org/owled/2009
exploration, automated rule categorization, rule paraphrasing, and rule elicitation functionality with the goal of facilitating the management of large SWRL rule bases.!
!"""#$%&'()"*&+,"-,./0+,1"
"#$%&'!()*!+,-,.%/,+!)*!)!01%2'3'4567!/.834$9!)9+!:)*!;$-,!&)$9!;89<2$%9).!)1,)*=!
>:,*,!)1,!)-)$.)?.,!)*!*8?42)?*!($2:$9!2:,!/.834$9@!ABC!)!D8.,!E1)/:!2)?!2:)2!/1%-$+,*!
)!31)/:!*218<281,!2%!?1%(*,!)9+!,#/.%1,!2:,!F6D7!18.,!?)*,G!AHC!)!D8.,!I$*8).$J)2$%9!
2)?!2%!-$*8).$J,!$9+$-$+8).!18.,*G!AKC!)!D8.,!0)1)/:1)*$93!2)?!2:)2!+$*/.)L*!)9!M93.$*:4 .$N,! 2,#2! ,#/.)9)2$%9! ;%1! ,)<:! 18.,G! AOC! )! D8.,! P)2,3%1$J)2$%9! 2)?! 2%! )82%&)2$<)..L!
<)2,3%1$J,!18.,*!$9!)!18.,!?)*,G!)9+!AQC!)!D8.,!M.$<$2)2$%9!2)?!2:)2!/1%-$+,*!)!31)/:$<).!
2,&/.)2,*! 2%! )<R8$1,! 9,(! 18.,*! ?)*,+! %9! )9).L*$*! %;! ,#$*2$93! 18.,*! $9! )! 18.,! ?)*,=! "!
D8.,!S1%(*,1!<%&/%9,92!$*!/,1&)9,92.L!+$*/.)L,+!2%!*:%(!)!21,,42)?.,!1,/1,*,92)2$%9!
%;! 2:,! F6D7! 18.,*! $9! )9! %92%.%3L=! >:$*! 21,,42)?.,! ,9)?.,*! 8*,1*! 2%! ,#/.%1,! 2:,! 18.,!
?)*,!)9+!.)89<:!)9L!%;!;$-,!*8?42)?*!;%1!2:,!18.,!%1!31%8/!?,$93!,#/.%1,+=!
!23"""405,"6+.78"
>:,!D8.,!E1)/:!2)?!/1%-$+,*!)!31)/:$<).!1,/1,*,92)2$%9!%;!)!F6D7!18.,!?)*,!AT$381,!
BC=! M)<:! 18.,! $9! 2:,! 18.,! ?)*,! $*! *:%(9! )*! )! 9%+,U! )9+! ,+3,*! ?,2(,,9! 2(%! 18.,*!
$9+$<)2,! 2:,! F6D7! )2%&*! *:)1,+! ?L! 2:,! 18.,*! )9+! 2:,! +,/,9+,9<L! +$1,<2$%9=! "!
98&?,1!%;!31)/:$<).!.)L%82*!)1,!*8//%12,+U!8*$93!2:,!VWXE!-$*8).$J)2$%9!;1)&,(%1N!
YHZ! 2%! /1%+8<,! %/2$&).! .)L%82*=! F,)1<:! ;89<2$%9).$2L! $*! ).*%! /1%-$+,+! )9+! 18.,*!
&)2<:$93!2:,!*,)1<:!2,1&!<)9!?,!:$3:.$3:2,+!$9!2:,!31)/:=!D8.,!31%8/*!)9+!2:,!2L/,*!
%;!+,/,9+,9<$,*!?,2(,,9!18.,*!<)9!).*%!?,!$9+$<)2,+!-$*8)..L=!
!-%90+,"32!!M#)&/.,!%;!18.,!?)*,!-$*8).$J)2$%9!$9!D8.,!E1)/:!2)?!;%1!%92%.%3L!1,.)2,+!
2%!)82$*&=!>:,!;$381,!).*%!*:%(*!/1%<,**!%;!*,)1<:$93!)!18.,!?)*,!;%1!)!/)12$<8.)1!2,1&=!
!"!###$%&'#()*%+&),+-)./#
!"#$%&'#$()*&+'),+-)./$-+0$12)3&4#$56$+''.7*$)/8)9)8&+'$4&'#*$-.$0#$9)*&+'),#8$+*$+$-4##$
*-4&:-&4#;$!4##*$+4#$3#/#4+-#8$0<$8#=-">?)4*-$*#+4:"$?.4$#+:"$9+4)+0'#$:"+)/$)/$-"#$4&'#@$
7)-"$ A.4#$ =4.A)/#/-$ +-.A*$ 0#)/3$ ='+:#8$ /#+4$ -"#$ 4..-$ .?$ #+:"$ -4##;$ B$ /&A0#4$ .?$
"#&4)*-):*$+4#$#A='.<#8$-.$#/*&4#$-"+-$-"#$A.*-$)A=.4-+/-$:'+&*#*$)/$+$4&'#$+4#$3)9#/$
A.4#$=4.A)/#/:#$CDE;$
0)1%2'# !"$ FG+A='#$ .?$ -"#$ 9)*&+'),+-)./$ .?$ +$ *)A='#$ 4&'#$ ?4.A$ -"#$ ?+A)'<$ ")*-.4<$
./-.'.3<$)/$-"#$%&'#$()*&+'),+-)./$-+0;$
!"3###$%&'#4+2+562+*)/1#
!"#$%&'#$H+4+="4+*)/3$-+0$12)3&4#$I6$&*#*$+$*)A)'+4$+==4.+:"$-.$0&)'8$+$-4##$*-4&:-&4#$
?.4$ #+:"$ 4&'#$ +/8$ -"#/$ &*#*$ +88)-)./+'$ "#&4)*-):*$ -.$ 3#/#4+-#$ &/8#4*-+/8+0'#$ F/3')*"$
=+4+="4+*#*$.?$-"+-$4&'#$CDE;$
0)1%2'#3"#FG+A='#$.?$4&'#$=+4+="4+*)/3$.?$+$4&'#$?4.A$+/$+&-)*A$./-.'.3<$)/$-"#$%&'#$
H+4+="4+*)/3$-+0;$
!"#$$$%&'($)*+(,-./0*+/-1$
!"#$ %&'#$ ()*#+,-./)*.,0$ *)1$ &2#2$ *"#$ 3)*)$ 2*-&4*&-#$ *")*$ .2$ +#0#-)*#3$ 5,-$ *"#$ -&'#$
6.2&)'./)*.,0$ )03$ 7)-)7"-)2.0+$ *)12$ *,$ )&*,8)*.4)''9$ +-,&7$ *"#$ -&'#2$ :.*"$ )$ 2.8.')-$
290*)4*.4$2*-&4*&-#$;<=>$?*$*"#0$+-)7".4)''9$3.27')92$*"#$-#2&'*2$,5$*".2$+-,&7.0+>$!"#2#$
+-,&7.0+2$4)0$*"#0$1#$&2#3$.0$*"#$%&'#$@-)7"$*)1$:"#0$#A7',-.0+$*"#$-&'#$1)2#>$
!"2$$$%&'($3'/4/+*+/-1$
!"#$ %&'#$ B'.4.*)*.,0$ *)1$ CD.+&-#$ EF$ 7-,6.3#2$ +-)7".4)'$ -&'#$ *#87')*#2$ *,$ 5)4.'.*)*#$
)4G&.2.*.,0$ ,5$ -&'#2>$ ?*$ +#0#-)*#2$ *"#2#$ *#87')*#2$ &2.0+$ *"#$ 290*)4*.4$ 2*-&4*&-#2$
+#0#-)*#3$ 5,-$ -&'#$ +-,&7.0+2>$ H2#-2$ 4)0$ 2#'#4*$ )0$ )77-,7-.)*#$ -&'#$ +-,&7$ )03$ *"#0$
+#0#-)*#$ )$ +-)7".4)'$ )4G&.2.*.,0$ *#87')*#$ *,$ #0*#-$ -&'#2$ :.*"$ *"#$ 2*-&4*&-#$ ,5$ ,*"#-$
-&'#2$.0$*")*$+-,&7>$
5/,&.($#"$BA)87'#$,5$-&'#$#'.4.*)*.,0$.0$-&'#$#'.4.*)*.,0$*)1$5,-$)&*.28$,0*,',+9>$
6$$$7&88*.9$
I#$")6#$3#24-.1#3$JA.,8KL$)$5-##L$,7#0M2,&-4#$N-,*K+KMOIP$7'&+M.0$5,-$QI%P$-&'#$
8)0)+#8#0*>$ ?*$ .2$ 4,87)*.1'#$ :.*"$ *"#$ ')*#2*$ N-,*K+KMOIP$ R>E$ -#'#)2#$ )03$ .2$
)6).')1'#$5,-$3,:0',)3$5-,8$*"#$JA.,8K$:#1$2.*#$;R=>$
%(:(.(14(;$
<>$ S)22)07,&-L$ Q>L$ OT(,00,-L$ U>V>L$ W)2L$ J>X>Y$ BA7',-)*.,0$ ,5$ QI%P$ %&'#$ Z)2#2$ *"-,&+"$
[.2&)'./)*.,0L$ N)-)7"-)2.0+L$ )03$ ()*#+,-./)*.,0$ ,5$ %&'#2>$ !"#$ ?0*#-0)*.,0)'$ %&'#UP$
Q987,2.&8$,0$%&'#$?0*#-4")0+#$)03$J77'.4)*.,02L$!"#$%&''L$\]]^>$
\>$ V)6)$H0.6#-2)'$_#*:,-`a@-)7"$D-)8#:,-`Y$"**7Yaab&0+>2,&-4#5,-+#>0#*$
R>$ JA.,8KY$"**7Yaa7-,*#+#:.`.>2*)05,-3>#3&a.03#A>7"7aJA.,8K$
E>$QI%P$Q&18.22.,0Y$"**7Yaa:::>:R>,-+aQ&18.22.,0aQI%P$
