Responses to Telomere Erosion in Plants

Two Mo genetic groups have migrated from two Mo diversity centers corresponding to rice domestication centers. Hypothesis: Mo genetic groups specialized on

• R ESULTS Phenotypic noise promotes adapta2ve evolu2on under direc2onal and/or stabilizing selec2on if the logarithmic fitness plateaus. For mul2ple phenotypic characters

To summarize, phenotypic noise reduces the cost of complexity on the mean phenotype and promotes adaptive evolution of the mean phenotype as long as it does not suffer too much from

In the second method, active feedback was used to lock the frequency ω μ w of the microwave generator (producing the bichromatic laser field by phase modulation) to the zero crossing

We found a trade-off between the production of spores (the parasite’s horizontal fitness component) and the production of infected host offspring (the parasite’s vertical

(a), (b), (c) and (d) show simulation results of conventional and proposed stochastic implementation of median filter, contrast stretching, frame based image segmentation, and

dependent habitat selection, in the emergence of observed spatial life-history traits patterns for

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