Turning an action formalism into a planner : a case study

(1)

ISSN 0249-6399

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

1 9 9 3

PROGRAMME 3

Intelligence artificielle, systèmes cognitifs et interaction homme-machine

Turning an Action Formalism Into a Planner:

A Case Study

Joachim Hertzberg and Sylvie Thi´ebaux

N˚ 2036

Septembre 1993

(2)

(3)

*+,-&/.013234

57698;:=<>@?/ABDCFEGDH!BDCFI)JK8ML!NPORQTS@UT>@B3V<>XWBDH!8MYZ[J\J

]_^a`MbM^cDdd%egfhjilk7m\eFnonqprbMe ktsFeucD^\mvpow-sapreFnonxeMyzv{9zvm}|e de}z)sF`MbMk7prmvpo~lz[e mpxk7m\e ^csFmvpr`Mk9`Mdd%e dcMsa7prk9e

]^\`Mve m['e -sF`

,cD9t`M^amg7e^\e}sa9e ^sa9ek7MMfM0h Me 9m\e d39^\e}Mf0hj;3tcDbMe}z

}tDM'9etcDte ^[7e}z\sF^vprTe}z cs cMzvezvm\t7{%m\tc m)eF¡97nx`^\e}z'm\9e,p@7e}c` ~197pon¢prk9bc7n¢c k9k9e ^[£'prm\

ck9e}cDm)zve ducDk;m¤p¢s z`D~-ma9e¥7n@cDktz¦prm)9^\`97tsFe}z yM7{sa9`7`;z§prk9bzv`d%e[cMsFmvpr`Mk3~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd¨matcDmp@z[©ap@7e}cn@ª~`M^

m\9e[7n@cDk9k7prk9bc 97nqp@s cDm¤px`kcDkt397pon@pxk9bm\9e 7n@cDk9k9e ^[cMs sF`^prk9bDnr{M«_ilkubMe k9e ^cnoh¬cDkttcD^\m¤p¢sF7n@cD^¤nx{uzv`

~`M^)m\9ecsFmvpr`Mk%~`M^\ducnop¢z¤dtz¤e}pxkma7p¢z'zvmat7{My;£,7p¢saup@z[7pxmaeeF¡R9^\e}zaz§pr®MeFh¯m\7p@z[zvm\^FcDm\e bM{p@z'9k7nopr°MeFnr{

m\`{MpreFn@~lcMzvm_cDkteF±²sapre k;m_7n@cDk9k9e ^Fzpo~-m\9e~³`^\dcnop@zvd´p@ztzve}ktc µ¶r®MeFnr{M«)'9e ^\eF~`M^\eMyD£'e'cM7`M9m_m\9ep¢7e}c

m\tcDm'm\9e7n@cDk9k9e ^ cD99^a`}¡7prdcDm\e}z·m\9em\9e `M^ae mvp@s cnonx{up@7e}cn!7n@cDktz y¸£[9e ^\em\9ecD99^\`¡7pxducDmvpr`MkubMe mz·m\9e

sanr`;zve ^}yTm\9e3d%`M^ae^\9k¹mvprd%em\9e37n@cDk9k9e ^p@zcnonr`D£¥e}«,ºgz,m\9etcD^\mvp@sF7n@cD^~`M^\dcnop@zvd»9kt7e ^vnr{Mprk9b¼`M9^

zvm\t7{ucnonx`D£ z'c3z§prbMk7pow-s cDk7m 7e bM^\e e`D~!9ktsFe ^\mcXpxk7mv{%m\`3ted%`97eFnre}cDktusF`Mte}z·£'prm\um\9e^cDd3pow-s cDm¤px`k

9^\`M7nre dyD£'e_e kt9prk%c'7n@cDk9k9e ^_m\tc mp@z~9ktsFmvpr`Mktcnonr{%sF`Md%tcD^c 7nxe·m\`[d%`97e ^\k3cDk;{7mvprd%e·9ktsFe ^\mcprk7m½{

7n@cDk9k9e ^z yT{Me m[tczve}u`Mkc3k9e}cDm~³`M^adcn1zve dcDk7mvp@s z «

¾³¿À

ÁvÂ½ÃÄ

À

Á_ÅTÆoÂ½ÇÉÈ}Ê

Ë§Ì}ÍvÎÏÐ\ÑÒÔÓ½ÕÉÒrÖ×DÍ½ÎØFÍ§ÙÔÍvÚÖÍvÛ}Ü7Ö-ÝÞ!ß=Ýlàá¤âaãåä_ÞæÍ½ç ÏÍvÎtß=ÏvÖÔàåèTÍvÎØFÍlÙÔÍvÚFàXÞéuâ\ã äêaãàXë1ß=é)Öìç·ÙÔÍ\ívîFÍïrÎðñóò_ôõàéÝRöæÍ½ÕÍ\íaÎÓlÌ

õæÒÔîFÒÔÕÉÒÔðçà¸ß=ÓlÌ=ÙÔðÕÕ_è¸ÒÔÎÉÙ÷ÒÔç}øFÌ}ðFîÍvçMàtùFúêFù'ß}íaç}Ø Ïé1ÜøÜÕÏÉÒÔç%áFàXòÍvÎñ[í\ç ÚFÖ

ËlË ÏÌ ÒÔÍv×XíaÜ}û}ÑÒÔÎÉÒÔÕví ÖïxÎvÖ

Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rennes

IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France) Téléphone : (33) 99 84 71 00 – Télécopie : (33) 99 38 38 32

(4)

%} \!/& 2 [_0u )'!&, (

%3& &)2& 2%& ·[

)e m)c ^\mvp@sanre m\^Fcprm\e[÷9k9ee m\t7e 7e[s cMz·M7pteF¡97nr`M^\e'np@e e 7e sF`Mktzvma^\7pr^\e[9k37n@cDk7pow-s cDm\e 9^

c®Me}s9k9e¥ze dcDk7mvp@9e)zv`DprbMk9e tzve d%e k7m_e}sF^vprm\e'7e}z!7n@cDktzMpqn99^\`977prm}y}e k3s\9` p¢z½p¢zaz\cDk7m19k0~³`M^adcnop@zvd%e

ÔcMsFm¤px`ktzp@e}cn9t`9^)9k9ecD97nop¢s c mvpr`Mk²7`k9ke eMyDe m_e ksF`Mktz¤m\^\7p@z\cDk7m_nre[7n@cDk7pow-s cDm\e 9^'e ksF`ktz e}9e ktsFeM«

!_k b"e k#e ^cnoh¯e m3e k¯tcD^amvp@sF7nqpre ^T`M9^%nre ~³`M^adcnop@zvd%e cMsFmvpr`Mktz39mvponop@ze¹9cDktzusFe m\m\ee mat7eMy)M7pe}zvm

cMz\z¤e%$ eF¡99^\e}z\z§po~Éh pon¦e}zvm'Te 9^\`MtcD7nre9esFe m\m\ezvm\^cDm&e bDpre sF`Mkt77p@zve|c37e}z)7n@cDk7pow-s cDmae 9^z[^FcD7p@7e}z'e m

te ^¤~³`M^adcDk7mz z½p!nre3~³`^\dcnop@zvd%ee}zvm9mvponop¢ze3ktc µ¶r®Me d%e k7m}«!_kósF`Mktze}M9e ktsFeMyTk9`MtzcM7`M9ma`Mktz'np@e e 9e

nre 7n@cDk7pow-s cDmae 9^ cD99^\`¡7pxde'nre}z)7n@cDktz·m\#e `M^vp@9e d%e k;mp@e}cD7¡!yDnÔcD99^a`}¡7prdcDmvpr`Mku7e ®Me ktcDk7m¥deFpqnonre 9^\e

c®Me}snre[m\e d%tz_7e[b"e k#e ^FcDmvpr`MkcXnqnr`M#e[cD%7n@cDk7pow-s cDm\e 9^}«'e'~`M^\dcXnqp@zvde ÔcMsFmvpr`Mktz_z¤`Mtzvo\cMsFe k;m |ck9`m\^\e

e mat7e¥Te ^\d%e m\mFcDk;mn@cd%`9eFnop@z\cDmvpr`Mk9k 7e b^(e·prd%t`^\mcDk7m¦pxktsFe ^amvprm\t7e e m_ma^cprmcDk7m!nre[9^a`M7n |e d%e[7e

^cDd pqw-s c mvpr`Mk!ytk9`tz[`M9mae k9`Mktz[9k¹7n@cDk7pow-s cDm\e 9^~`MktsFmvpr`Mk9k9eFnonre d%e k7msF`MdtcD^cD7nre%cD7¡7n¢c k7pqw-s c m\e 9^z

(5)

6 7 [98!2 2 "$ ó9:& " &¥

'9e ^\ep@z[c kupxktsF^ae}cMz§prk9b²c d%`M9k7m)`D~_£'`M^\°39^\`D®Mp@prk9bnx`bDp@s cn!~`M^\dcnop$}cDmvpr`Mktz`D~17n@cDk9k7prk9b²z¤{Rzvmae dz·`M^

`D~ttcMz½p¢s z` ~¸zvtsa%zv{9zvm\e dz yeM«÷bt«¢y4;'-pq~lz\sa7prm$Myt}=<>4?}]e}7ktcD7nrm}y9<<@?}e k9e k7te ^\bty9M9 A«19e¥^FcDmvpr`Mktcnre

p@zm\tcDm,~³`^\dcnonr{^vprbM`^\`Mtz7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mktzs c k9eFnró9kt7e ^zvmFcDktprk9bm\9e3zv{Rz¤m\e dz yTm\9eFpr^~9kt9cDd%e k7mcn

9^\`9sFe}79^\e}z ynopxd pxmFcDmvpr`MktzucDkt m\9e `M^\e m¤p¢s cXn,sF`d%7nreF¡;prmv{Mh¬c kt m\tcDm~`M^\dcXn7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mk$s cDk¯z§prd%7nr{

zve ^\®e cz cud%`^\eeF±²sapre k7mm\`7`Dn_m\tcDk¼ktcDm\9^cnn@cDk9bMtcDbe~`M^sF`Md%d39k7p@s cDmvprk9b cz¤{Rzvmae d Ôz,e}z\zve k7mvp@cn@z y

cMz'`m\9e ^ z\sapre ktsFe}z,tc}®eeF¡RTe ^vpre ktsFe}¹teF~`M^\eM«

9e ^\e%cD^\eprk¹~ csFmm½£'`u£[c}{9z,m\`9^\`D®Mp@7ecu7n@cDk9k9e ^3£'prm\ócuk9e}cDm~`M^\ducnop$}c mvpr`Mk!y!`M^z¤e dcDk7mvp@s z «

'9ewt^zvmp@zm\9e'CBED@/*,£[c}{2F['9e37n@cDk9k9e ^sF`d%e}z,wt^zvm}ycDkt¼m\9e%cDm\mae d%9m ma`u~³`M^adcnop$ eprm}yTn@cDmae ^?

'Tpo~lz\s\7prm$ z;r}=<>A1zve ducDk;m¤p¢s z` ~HG I9JKML4G;ONpr°Me}zcDktQPpqn@z\z¤`Mk!y)}R>; Ap¢zma9ed`;zvm9^\`Md pxk9e k7meF¡tcDd%

7nreMy_cDkt¼prmcn@zv`¹7e d%`Mktzvma^cDm\e}zm\tc mm\9e%7n@cDk9k9e ^prd%7nre d%e k7m\`M^Fzduc}{¼tc®Me3tzve}¹prd%7nre d%e k7mcDm¤px`k

m\^vp@sa°Rz m\tcDm%^\e}7pr^\eóc¹dcDmFs\7prk9b¹~`M^\dcXnqp$}cDm¤px`k¯m\`óTed%`^\euprk;m\^¤p¢s c m\em\tc k¯eF¡9te}sFm\e}«+'9e¹zve}sF

`Mkt p@zm\9e#'CBS='3£[c{TF['9e3tcMz½p¢s0~`M^\dcXnqp$}cDm¤px`k sF`d%e}z'wt^Fzvm}ycDkt¼m\9e37n¢c k9k9e ^p¢z,prd%7nre d%e k7m\e}

n@cDm\e ^?9cDkeF¡¸cDd7nxe~`M^·m\tcDm¥pr^\e}sFm¤px`kup¢z']e}7ktcD7nrm z ;

}<<

A

~`M^\ducnop$}c mvpr`Mk%~`M^'7e m\e ^\d3prk7prk9b%t`7z\z§pr7nr{

sF`Mk7m\eF¡9m\l7e te kt7e k7mgcsFmvpr`MkeU!e}sFmz'tz§prk9b%^\e b^\e}z\z§pr`Mk!y9£pxmac37n@cDk9k9e ^[prd%7nre d%e k7mcDm¤px`k9^\`D®p¢7e} ;{

V¹s We ^\d%`MmamX;o}9 A«

Y,`D£'e ®Me ^}y{M`M 7`Mk÷m3bMe m%c¼7n@cDk9k9e ^%~`M^~^\e etz½pxk9beFpxma9e ^£[c{M«¹ilmp@z3k9`MmZDT'[matcDm%cD^\e

~`M^\dcnop$ e} 7{ cDk cMsFmvpr`Mk ma9e `M^\{My_99m}yktcDm\9^cnonr{ e k9`M9bM!y@cDkt 9`D£Km\9e { satcDk9bMeu£'`M^vn@

zvmc m\e}z£[9e k¯c 97nqpre}« '9e99^at`;zve` ~,c k cMsFm¤px`kó~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd#p¢zm\`¹zvte}sapo~{ m\9eu^\e}cMzv`Mk7prk9bócDT`M9m

9^\e ^\e}7p@z§prm\e}zcDktsF`Mktz¤e}M9e ktsFe}z,`D~)cMsFmvpr`Mktz'm\tc mc kup¢7e}cXnqnr{¼^cDmvpr`Mktcn1cDbe k;m[zv9`M7n@ te ^v~`M^\d« )`Mk9

zve}9e k;m¤nx{My'zvtsa ~³`^\dcnop@zvdz3cD^\ep@7e}cnop@zvmvp@s pxk ma9e²zve ktz¤em\tcDm3m\9e {My_eM«÷bT«ryk9e e} k9`Mm3mcD°e%eF±²sapre k;m

prd%7nre d%e k7mcD7ponopxmv{uprk7m\`cMs sF`9k;m}«_]¦n¢c k9k9e ^)prd%7nre d%e k7mcDm¤px`ktz y7`Mk%m\9e[`m\9e ^)tcDkty7d3tzvm_Te ^\e}cXnqp@zvm¤p¢sDy

tc®Mprk9b¼m\`7e}cn¥£pxma z\sF^\U!{ma7pxk9b7znopr°Me9e 9^¤p¢z¤mvp@szve}c ^s\ zvm\^cDmae bDpre}z yeF±²sapre k;m%7`Mducprkód%`97eFnqprk9bty

cDk7{;m¤pxde%te tc®px`^}y_`M^e ®Me k cMs sFe 9mc 7nxeubM^c 97p¢s cXn¥tzve ^prk;mae ^v~ csFe}z «uilmp@z y9e ktsFeMy_9kt7e ^zvmc kt9cD7nre

m\tcDm[cMsFm¤px`km\9e `M^ae mvp@sap¢c ktz cDktu7n@cDk9k9e ^prd%7nre d%e k7m\`M^Fz[dc{%mFcnr°²pU!e ^\e k7m[n@cDk9bMtc bMe}z «

M`Ty'£[9e k$£¥e¹z\c{ matcDm²ctcD^\m¤p¢sF7n@cD^csFmvpr`Mk ~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd 3='\' ¹cótcD^amvp@sF7n¢c ^7n¢c k9k9e ^}y[£'e

prk;mae ktum\`3d%e}cDku`Mk7nr{m\tc m¥ma9e 7n@cDk9k9e ^,p@z ywt^zvmvnr{My]'£'prm\^\e}zvTe}sFm¥ma`ma9e~³`M^adcnop@zvdypl«÷eM«ry7m\9e

7n@cDktzpxm,bMe k9e ^cDm\e}z~`M^ c7n@cDk9k7prk9b9^\`M7nre d tc®Mem\9e9^a`Mte ^\mv{%ma`TeeF¡9e}sF9mcD7nreprk¼e ®Me ^\{7`Mdcprk

sF`M^\^ae}sFmvnr{%d%`97eFnxe} ;{m\9e[~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d cDktucMs\7pre ®Mema9eg7e}z§pr^\e} bM`;cn@z ?7£'e£'ponqn1s cnon1ma7p¢z·9^\`te ^\mv{%`D~

DT^1m\9eFpr^_`'(' ¥cDktabDT'(''CcMe}sF`ktnx{My¸m\9e'7n¢c k9k9e ^)p@zbbDT'('[£'prm\%^ae}zvte}sFm·m\`m\9e

~`M^\dcnop@zvdy pl«÷eM«ryDpo~!m\9e ^\ep¢zprk%m\9e~³`M^adcnop@zvdczvma^\tsFm\9^\e1d§eM«÷bt«ryMczve}9e ktsFe/e_`D~æcsFmvpr`Mktz_^\e 9^ae}zve k;m¤pxk9b

c,£c{m\`zv`Dnr®Me¥c,7n@cDk9k7prk9b9^\`7nxe d¼yMm\9e km\9e'7n¢c k9k9e ^_£'ponqnte ®e k;m\tcXnqnr{0wtktcsF`M^\^ae}zvt`Mktprk9bsF`M^a^\e}sFm

cDkt¹sF`Md%7nre m\e37n@cDk!«ºgzma`²7e}z§prbMk7prk9b¼{M`M9^,~c®M`M^¤pxmaebM^c 97p¢s cXn)tzve ^prk;m\e ^¤~ cMsFe3`M^e d%7nr`D{Mprk9b¼d%`;zvm

m\^vp@sa°;{ zve}cD^sa z¤m\^cDm\e b pxe}z=y19`D£'e ®Me ^}ym\9ecMsFmvpr`Mk~`M^\dcnop@zvd/bDpr®Me}z3{`M cDkt 99^7e ktz{M` £'prm\ ~7non

~^\e e}7`Md3h¯£'prm\7prk¹m\9enoprd3prmz`D~¦sF`^\^\e}sFm\k9e}z\z,cDktsF`Md7nxe mae k9e}z\z «

Y,`D£'e ®Me ^}yM^ae}M7pr^vprk9bsF`M^\^\e}sFm\k9e}zaz¥c ktsF`Md%7nre m\e k9e}z\z'ma9^\ktz'`M9m'm\`3te`D®Me ^¤nx{uzvm\^\`Mk9bpo~_{M`Mu£c k;m

m\` pxktsanrt7em\9et`;z\z½px7ponoprmv{ `D~7e}z§prbMk7prk9bó9^FcMsFmvp@s cn¥7n@cDk9k9e ^Fzprk m\9ef'CBf'£[c}{¼`D~ sF`Mktzvm\^atsFmvpr`Mk!«

'9e ^\eF~`M^\eMy£¥eu£[cDk7mm\`ócM7d3prmz¤`Md%eud%`M^\enopxTe ^cnoprmv{¯cDkt ^\e}7px^ae`Mk7nr{g]'' hi4'fj

~`M^37n¢c k9k9e ^z ypl«÷eM«ry^\e}M7pr^\ematcDm37n¢c ktz%7eFnopx®e ^\e} TesF`M^\^\e}sFm%cDkt sF`Md%7nre m\eMy_b px®e k¯cDk c ^\7prm\^cD^vponr{

7prbMócDd%`M9k7m`D~sF`d%99mcDmvpr`Mk¹mvprd%eMyT99mdc{7e ®Mp@cDm\e~^\`Md sF`^\^\e}sFm\k9e}z\zcDkt¹sF`Md%7nre m\e k9e}zaz,pq~'m\9e

c®Xcpon@cD7nre[mvprd%e·p@znoprd3prm\e}2?79`X£'e ®Me ^y}m\9e[7e ®p@cDmvpr`Mk3d3tzvm!prk%zv`Mde)£[c{te'9^\e}p@sFmcD7nre[`M^_7e}z\sF^vprtcD7nre

^\eFn@cDmvpr®Me,m\`m\9e,9kt7e ^vnr{Mprk9b%cMsFmvpr`Mk3~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d«.P,`Mm\e'm\tcDm_m\9e}z¤e'p@7e}cMz'cD^\e'k9`Mm)9ktsF`d%d%`Mk?m\9e {%cD^\e

sanr`;zveFnr{^\eFn@cDm\e}m\`ty7eM«÷bT«ry5/ '3cnrbM`M^vprm\9dz ;We}cDkcDktlk·`R97{My}<< A cDktQmn3='3*DT 5%`D~

(6)

9e~³`Dnonr`D£'prk9b7{7t`Mm\9e}z½p¢z,9kt7e ^vnopre}zm\9e£'`M^\°u9^\e}zve k7m\e}u9e ^\eF

k)7pon@prk9b$7n¢c k9k9e ^zu;{$cD99^\`¡7pxducDmvprk9b c k csFmvpr`Mk ~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd prk$m\9e ' B 'u£[c{vtzvm

zv°Me msa9e} £¥`^\°Rz prk$9^vprktsapx7nre ~`M^cDk;{ ^\e}cMzv`ktcD7nre z¤ts\ ~`M^\dcnop@zvdjcDktPp@zc bMe k9e ^cXnqnr{

cD97nop¢s c 7nxed%e m\9`9~³`M^,k9e}cDm[7n@cDk9k9e ^e k9bDprk9e e ^vprk9bty

d/e

£[9e ^\e©å^\e}cMzv`Mktc 7nxe}ª d%e}cDktz·prktcD^\m¤p¢sF7n@cD^,prd%7nre d%e k7mcD7nreM« P[`m\e matcDm'm\7p@z[7{;T`Mm\9e}z§p@z[sF`k;m\^FcMp@sFmz

m\9e®pre £ `D~)'tz\z¤eFn¦cDktoeF~ cn@ ;M9 A «)'9e {z\c{My

m\tcDm'eF¡;p@zvm¤pxk9b ~³`M^adcn!d%`97eFn¢z=y9;{uk9e bDnre}sFmvprk9bum\9e~csFm¥` ~!nopxd pxmae}^ae}zv`M9^sFe}z·~`M^[sF`Md%99

mcDmvpr`Mk!y7~lcpon_m\`9^a`X®p@7ecDk¹cM7e}tcDm\e#i'`'( tcMz§p@z`Mk¼£[7p@s\¹m\`%97pon@ócuz\sapre ktsFe%`D~

cD^\mvpow-sap@cn!prk7m\eFnonqprbMe ktsFeM« ;'tz\zveFnon¥cDktloóeF~lcn@y!}9My7!«!}9y7m\9eFpr^e d%9tcMz§p@zA

[k9eprk;mae kt7e}z§p@7eeU!e}sFm'`D~1ma7p¢ztcDte ^'p@z'ma` 7e d`Mktzvm\^c m\e £,;{u£'e m\7prk9°um\9e {cD^\e£[^\`Mk9b39e ^\eF_i§m

p@zk9`Mmm\9e~`M^\dcnop@zvd m\tc m d3tzvmmc °Menoprd3prm\e}^\e}zv`M9^sFe}z,prk7m\`cMs sF`M9k7m}y99mm\9eprk;m\e ^a9^\e mcDmvpr`Mk¹`D~

m\9e`M9ma99m[`D~)c3^\e}zv`M9^FsFe t`M9kt7e}¼7n@cDk9k7prk9bzv{9zvm\e dK^\eFn@cDmvpr®Mem\`%m\9e~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd¼«

oe7` teFnopre ®MeMy_nre m3cnr`Mk9e²cz\zv9d%eMym\tcDmma9e ^\e3p@zli4'`Mk9e%9k7pr®Me ^Fz\cncsFmvpr`Mk¹~`M^\dcnop@zvd/m\`

^\eFnr{u`Mk!«_'9e®XcD^¤p¢c ktsFepxkma9e ^\e}7pr^\e}ueF¡99^\e}z\z§pr®pxmv{up@z·;9be~³`M^·7n@cDk9k9e ^z·~`M^[pUæe ^ae k;m[cD97nop@s cDmvpr`Mk

7`MdcXpxktz,prk7®M`Dnr®pxk9b h¯`M^k9`Mm,pxk7®M`Dnr®prk9bty!^\e}z¤te}sFmvpr®MeFnr{h¯k;9d%e ^¤p¢s cXnm¤pxdeMytcD^cnonreFn¥cMsFmvpr`Mk¼eF¡Re}sF9mvpr`Mk!y

prktsF`Md%7nre m\e3z§prm\tcDmvpr`Mk7e}z\sF^¤px9m¤px`ktz ytcnrm\e ^\ktc mvpr®MecMsFmvpr`MkueU!e}sFmz y7`M^'£[tcDmz¤`;e ®Me ^«)M`Ty;ma9e 9^\`7nxe d p¢z

m\`0wtktc0d%e m\9`9cnonr`D£'prk9b%c7n@cDk9k9e ^ 7e}z§prbMk9e ^'m\`3s\9`7`;zve`Mk9e c 99^\`M9^vp@cDm\eFnr{ueF¡R9^ae}z\z§pr®Me,~³`M^adcnop@zvd

cDktubM7p@prk9b9`D£+m\`397pon@ c 7n¢c k9k9e ^`Mkuprm[m\tcDm[eF¡97pr7prmz sF`^\^\e}sFm\k9e}z\z¥pxk¼m\9enoprd3prm}«

oe)°7k9`X£ `D~tk9`zvtsad%e m\9`9{Me m}«'9e'99^\t`;z¤e)`D~tm\7p@ztcDTe ^}yDm\9e k!yp@zm\`7e}z\sF^vprtec s cMz¤e¥zvm\t7{

prkf' BE='_7n@cDk9k9e ^'sF`Mktzvm\^\tsFm¤px`k!« oe zvmcD^am!~^\`Md´m\9e[T`;z\z§pr7nre £'`M^¤n¢9z_csFmvpr`Mk~³`M^adcnop@zvd 7{jk·^\e £[°Dc

cDkt Y,e ^\m$ Te ^\b

;

prkó9^\e}zaz

A

m\tcDmp@z9^¤pxe t{ó7e}z\sF^¤pxTe}¹prk zve}sFmvpr`Mk ¸«%Me}sFmvpr`Mk f7e ®MeFnr`Mtzm\9ek9`Mmvpr`Mk

`D~!7n@cDktz·~`M^)ma9egcMsFm¤px`ktz)tz¤e}cDkt7eFwtk9e}zm\9egsF`ktsFe 9mz·`D~¦sF`M^\^ae}sFm\k9e}z\z'cDktusF`Md%7nre m\e k9e}z\z'` ~æ7n@cDktz

^\eFn@cDmvpr®Mem\`m\9e[~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d«·Me}sFmvpr`Mk%7e}cn@z·£'prm\um\9e 9e}zvmvpr`Mku`D~!9`D£ sF`^\^\e}sFm\k9e}z\z¦prkm\9e,noprd3prm s cDk

te7eFwtk9e} pxkum\7p@z~^cDde £¥`^\°-yDcDkt39`D£ m\``M9mcprk3prm?7m\9e,°Me {p@z\zv9e,~`M^_m\9e 7eFwtk7prmvpr`Mkup@z'c,~³9ktsFm¤px`k

`Mku7n@cDktz[matcDm'^cDm\e}z·m\9eFpr^© 7e b^\e e}ª`D~¦sF`M^\^ae}sFm\k9e}z\z[cDktusF`Md%7nre m\e k9e}zaz «[Me}sFm¤px`k39^vpre t{²7e}zasF^vprte}z

`M9^cMsFm\tcn7n¢c k9k9e ^pxd7nxe de k;mc mvpr`Mk L9G?T`D£'prk9bm\`m\9e7e bM^ae e`D~)9ktsFe ^\mFcprk;mv{tcDktnre}¼;{

m\9e'9kt7e ^vnr{pxk9b%cMsFm¤px`k~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d"dlktcDd%eFnr{MyprktsF`Md%7nre m\ez§prm\tcDmvpr`Mk%7e}z\sF^¤px9m¤px`ktz y9sF`Mk;maeF¡Rm\l7e Te kt7e k;m

cDktcnrm\e ^\ktcDmvpr®Me'cMsFmvpr`MkeUæe}sFmFze-cDkt0m\`[m\9e·^\e}M7pr^\e de k;mz`D~-sF`M^a^\e}sFm\k9e}z\zTprk3m\9enqprd3prm}y`M9^1s cMz¤e¥zvm\t7{

{pxeFn@9z·cMz1c,7{;9^\`97tsFm)cDk3cDk;{7mvprd%e·9ktsFe ^\mcprk7m½{7n@cDk9k9e ^_m\tcDmdc{ Te'`D~9prk;m\e ^ae}zvm!prk3prmz¤eFnq~\«·Me}sFmvpr`Mk%

sF`Mktsanrt7e}zcDktzv°e ms\9e}z,zv`Md%e`MTe kp@z\zv9e}z=«

NprbM9^ae²%z¤9d%dcD^vp$ e}z0m\9e3dcprk zvm\e tz` ~¥`M9^9^\`t`;zve}¼£[c{`D~)ma9^\k7prk9b cDkócMsFmvpr`Mk ~³`M^adcnop@zvd

prk;ma`c37n@cDk9k9e ^,pxk¼bMe k9e ^cn+dnreF~³m sF` nx9dk2ey9m\9e^\e}z¤te}sFmvpr®MeprktzvmcDktsFe}z`D~¦ma9e}zvezvm\e tz·~`M^[ma9et`;z\z½px7nre

£'`M^vn@9z,~`M^\dcnop@zvd»prkótcD^amvp@sF7n¢c ^dl^vprbM7msF`Dnr9d%k2ey1c kt¹m\9e3^\e}zvTe}sFmvpr®Mezve}sFmvpr`Mktzgprkóm\7p@ztcDte ^m\tcDm

7e}cn1£pxmam\9e^\e}z¤te}sFmvpr®Me3zvm\e tzdld p¢9nre%sF`Dnr9d%k2e«

Dprk9bDnre[cMzvTe}sFmz`D~tm\7p@z!£'`M^a° tc®Me_Te e k^ae t`M^\mae}prk;Ok·^\e £[°XccDktZY[e ^\m $ te ^\btyprk9^\e}z\z ?D'7pe tcD7¡

cDktY,e ^\m$ te ^abtyt}M@?}'7p%e tcD7¡S'(cry9MMf

A

y~^\`Md´£[7p@s\%maeF¡Rmzma7p¢ztc te ^_t`^\^\`D£ z`Rs s cMz½px`ktcnonx{M«

:3& g !

,kt7e ^m\9e7{;T`Mm\9e}z§p@z d/ey¸£¥e3sF`M7n@¹s cD^\^\{u`M9m`M9^gs czvezvmat7{tz§prk9b²cDk7{^\e}cMz¤`MktcD7nrecMsFm¤px`k~`M^\

dcnop@zvdcz9^ae}zve k;mae}y)eM«÷bT«rypxk

;

;cDkt7e £[cnonyM9

A

«óºz3d%e k7mvpr`Mk9e}y)ma9e^\e}7pr^\e} eF¡99^\e}z\z½px®prmv{ `D~

m\9e7n@cDk9k9e ^gz¤e mznx`D£'e ^'t`M9kt9z`Mkma9e~³`M^adcnop@zvd Ôz·eF¡99^\e}z\z§pr®pxmv{M«)`ponqnrtzvma^cDm\em\tcDm'`M9^'9^\`MT`;zve}

d%e m\9`97`Dnr`MbM{ ~³`M^·7n@cDk9k9e ^ sF`Mktzvma^\tsFmvpr`Mkp¢z·k9`Mm'^\e}z¤m\^vp@sFm\e}m\`san@cMz\z½p¢s cXnæ7n@cDk9k7prk9bDh¬c kty-sF`M^a^\e}zvt`kt7

(7)

7n@cDk9k9e ^m\tc m)p@z

sF`M^\^\e}sFmpxk¼m\9enoprd3prm

^cDmvprk9b3~9ktsFmvpr`Mk

7n@cDktz

^\e}zvm\^vp@sFm\e} ®Me ^z§pr`Mk

`D~_m\9e~³`^\dcnop@zvd cMsFmvpr`Mku~`M^\dcnop@zvd

!

9^\k7prk9bcDkcMsFmvpr`Mku~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd

prk;ma`²c37n@cDk9k9e ^

T«Ôf9y

T«Ô

f

T«r

D

L G

s s

t`7z\z§pr7nre#d_`el£'`M^vn@9z'7n@cDktz

£¥`^vn@9z

t`;zaz§pr7nxe3£'`M^vn@9z·~`M^\ducnop$}c mvpr`Mk

t}Értt

9^\k7prk9bm\9eT`;z\z§pr7nre3£'`M^vn@9z

~`M^\ducnop$}c mvpr`Mkuprk;m\` L G

NprbM9^\e=F¦9e zvm\e tz`D~!m\9^\k7prk9b%cMsFmvpr`Mk3~`M^\dcXnqp@zvduzprk;ma`7n@cDk9k9e ^z y9cDktm\9e z¤m\^\tsFm\9^\e,`D~!m\9e[tcDTe ^}«

9kt7e ^zvte}sapowte}¼prk7prmvp@cn)z§prm\tcDmvpr`Mktz=y

sF`Mk;maeF¡Rm\l7e Te kt7e ktsF{`D~_cMsFmvpr`MkeU!e}sFmz=yRc kt

cnrm\e ^\ktcDmvpr®MeeU!e}sFmz¥~³`M^[cDk¹cMsFmvpr`MkcD97nopre} prk`Mk9esF`Mk7m\eF¡9m}«

ilk0~ csFm}y}£'e·£'ponqntzve e'teFnr`D£ m\tcDm1sF`Mktz½p¢7e ^¤pxk9b9ktsFe ^\mcprk7mv{ `D~tma7p¢zzv`M^am!dcDmsa9e}z®Me ^\{£¥eFnon9m\9e¥c k;{7mvprd%e

te tc®pr`M^j;We}cDk cDkt k·`R97{My}<< A-matcDm[e d%e ^\be}z[ktcDma9^cnonr{u~³^\`d m\9e^ae}M7pr^\e d%e k7m`D~)sF`M^\^\e}sFmak9e}z\z

prkm\9enoprd3prm}«

9etcD^\m¤p¢sF7n@cD^u~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d£'etz¤ep@zprktzv7pr^\e}$7{! [prktzvTe ^\b¯cDkt Md3prm\Ôz ;r}=<</A@y,`M^u^cDm\9e ^

7{óm\9esF`M^\^ae}sFmvpr`Mk `D~ m\9eFpr^3~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d prk ;o prktz§nre m\m}y}<=< A«ºgz0prm3p@z%7e}z\sF^vprTe} prk ~7nong7e mcpon'prk

;Ok·^\e £[°DccDkt%Y[e ^\m $ te ^\bty prk%9^\e}z\z`AcDktp@z_`k7nx{ucDk3prktzvm\^\9de k;m·£'prm\7prkm\7p@ztcDte ^}y`M9^)9^ae}zve k;mFcDmvpr`Mk

9e ^\ep@zzv°Me msa7{Myt£'prm\9`9m[~9^\m\9e ^d%`Mmvpr®DcDmvpr`Mk¹`M^p¢zasFtz\z§pr`Mk!«'e}c7e ^z,~ c d3ponqp@cD^£pxma ;k·^\e £[°DccDkt

Y,e ^\m$ te ^abtyprk%9^\e}z\z`A7dc{z\c~eFnr{zv°pr3m\7p@z_zve}sFmvpr`Mk3`M^T½tzvm)z¤°Mprd¨m\9^\`9bM!y}ma` 7p@sa°93m\9e'7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mk

`D~_m\9eeF¡tcDd%7nre7`Mducprktzve}um\9^a`M9bM9`M9m[ma9etcDte ^}«

oecMz\z¤9d%ec wt^zvm[`^7e ^[n@cDk9btcDbMe"$m\tcDm[^\e 9^ae}zve k;mFzm\9ecD97nop@s cDmvpr`Mk 7`Mdcprk!yT£[9e ^\e£'e3cMzv

zv9d%e#"óm\`[tc®Me)cwtk7prm\e Y[e â9^cDkttczveM«%$ !)cMsajY,e ^\9^cDkt0d%`97eFn yDâe}zvte}sFmvpr®MeFnr{3e}cMsasF`Mâ^\e}zvt`ktpxk9b

sF`MkDv9ktsFmvpr`Mk'&

$)(**+*,(

&-` ~¥bM^\`9ktnoprm\e ^cXn¢z=y!p@zs cnonre} c/. 34c oóe%£'ponon7eFnoprte ^FcDm\eFnr{ z¤£'prms\¹Te

mv£'e e k zve mcDktsF`kD½9ktsFmvpr®Me3k9`MmFcDmvpr`Mk~`M^[£'`M^¤n¢9z=y9pl«÷eM«ryT£'e£'ponon)tzvem\9ek9`MmFcDmvpr`Mktz0&

$#(/***+(

&1-cDkt

2 &

$3

«}««

3

&-54prk;m\e ^Fs\tcDk9be}cD7nr{M«[Dprd3pon@cD^vnr{My£'eprk;m\e ^a9^\e m zve mz`D~¦£'`M^¤n¢9z,cMz[p@zÉv9ktsFmvpr`Mktz`D~1£'`M^vn@9z «

687

(8)

Npxb9^\e@Fºkpononrtzvm\^cDm¤px`k ` ~1m\9esF9¹7`Mdcprk!«

·`Mktz§p@7e ^%cMz3cDk eF¡tcDd%7nrem\9esF9¯7`MdcXpxk!y·£[7p@sa p¢z0prktzv7pr^\e}P;{

;

)9^vp@zvdcDk cDkt Dprd%d%`ktz y

}M¸ A?RNprbM9^aeg0p@z'd%e}cDk7m'm\`3®Mpr®po~³{um\9eprdcDbDprktcDm¤px`k!«)'9emcMz¤°` ~¦c^\`Mt`m)p@z'ma`ducDk7pr97n¢c m\ec3sF9

~^\`Md zv`Mdet`7z§prmvpr`Mk!ytz§prk9b zve ®Me ^FcncsFmvpr`Mktzm\`uteu7e mcponre}¹n@cDm\e ^«'9e%sF9 s c kóte%eFprm\9e ^`Mk¹m\9e

t`7`M^d e[`M^`Mk cmcD7nred /e«o$9e k `Mkóm\9e t`;`^}y!m\9esF9 s cDkóeFprm\9e ^%zvmcDkt99^vprbM7m

d=ey`M^te3mvpr9Te}¹~`M^\£[cD^u£pxmaprmz0d%`M9m\ ~ csapxk9b¼m\9e3^\`MT`MmEdeFy;`^te3mvpr9te}tcMsa°;£[cD^

d! #"/e« !¦¡RTe ^vprd%e k;mFzmFcD°Meu7n¢csFe`M9mz§p@7e?·m\;tz^cXpxk7{ó£'e}cDm\9e ^%d$%&ed3prbM7mc(U!e}sFm3m\9eu^\`MT`Mm Ôz

te ^¤~³`M^adcDktsFeM«['9e0n¢c k9bMtcDbMe`D~¦ma9esF9ó7`Mdcprk!y "('Fy¸p¢z,m\9e0wt^zvm`M^7e ^'n@cDk9bMtc bMeprkt7tsFe}¹7{m\9e

bM^\`9ktc m\`Md¨zve m

2

)

3

* 3

3

! #"

3

$+#& 44?Mc£'`M^vn@gp¢ze ®Me ^\{3zve m1` ~-bM^\`9ktnoprm\e ^cXn¢z

dcM7e`D~!eF¡tcMsFmvnr{%m\9e}zve,bM^\`M9ktucDm\`Mduz « dlºz)c0k9`MmcDm¤px`ktcnæsF`Mk7®Me k7mvpr`Mk!yM£'e£'pononætz¤egczv9tz\sF^vpr9m-,'~`M^

ktcDd%e}z^\eF~³e ^a^vprk9bm\`%sF`Mktz¤m\^\tsFmz·prk¼m\9esF9 7`Mducprk!«e

º´z§prm\tcDmvpr`Mkp@z[7e}z\sF^vprte} ;{uc~`M^\d37n@c/.10 "«.P[`m\e matcDm¥zvtsac0~³`^\d37n¢c7`;e}zk9`Mm'k9e}sFe}z\z\cD^vponr{

7e}z\sF^vprTe%m\9eâe}cnz½pxmatcDmvpr`Mk¼prk cXnqn)7e mcponlypl«÷eM«¢ytm\9e âeduc}{ute3dc k;{z§prm\tc mvpr`Mktz§h¬cDkty!sF`Mâ^\e}zvt`kt7

prk9bDnr{My!d37nrmvpr7nre%£'`M^vn@9z§h prkó£[7p@sa z¤`Md%e2.p¢zma^\9eM«º k¹eF¡tcDd%7nre~³`M^zvtsaóc%k9`Mk99k7p@9e²z½pxmatcDmvpr`Mk

7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mk¼prkma9esF9 7`MdcXpxkup@z

.#'435$%&

(

d*-6/7/e

8k9`D£'nre}7bMec t`M9m3£[tcDmp@z3m\^a9e%prk¯cnongz§prm\tc mvpr`Mktz0p¢z ^\e 9^\e}zve k7m\e}prk m\9emv£'` zve mz/9 cDkt;:«

9 p@z3c z¤e m`D~[prk7~e ^\e ktsFe^\7nre}z3`D®Me ^ " y)s cnonre} m\9eQ= mn=<*=`43=< .&'3'?>c kt¹p@ztzve} m\`

eF¡99^\e}z\zpr^\e}sFmae} då©=s cDtz\cn@ªe[^\eFn@cDm¤px`ktzv7prtz «'9e%mae ^\d '9e `M^\{d9 e 7e k9`Mm\e}zma9ezve msF`ktz§p@zvmvprk9b`D~

prd%7nop@s cDmvpr`Mktz/@

$BA

@Cg~³`^ e}cMsa¼prk7~³e ^\e ktsFe^\7nreD@

$BE

@CgprkF9«'9e\= mn=<*=`43G</ . '3('

: p¢zczve m` ~)~`M^\d37n@cMz,~³^a`Md "+m\tcDmc ^\e3m\^\9e3prk cnon[z§prm\tcDmvpr`Mktz ?eF¡¸c d%7nre}z~`M^zvtsa¹~³`^\d37n¢czcD^\e

bMe k9e ^cXn1n@c£ z ytsF`ktzvm\^cprk7mz ycDktu~`M^\d37n@cMz·prk7m\^\`97tsFe}¼~`M^[m\e ^\d pxk9` nx`bM{M«[ºz cuzv9`M^am\tcDktk9`mcDmvpr`Mk!y

HI3¬'9e `M^\{d9 eKJG:K7e k9`Mm\e}z'm\9e#m[?<*`3L</ . '3'0prk zv9d«

i§k%m\9e sF9u7`Mdcprk!yM£'e cz\zv9d%e'm\tcDm_9^¤pxk9b pxk9b%cDT`M9m-;y!7!79y`M^-! #"MyM^ae}zvte}sFmvpr®MeFnr{Myts c tzve}z

m\9e3`Mm\9e ^mv£'`%m\`ute}sF`Md%e~lcn@zve%cDkt¹s cDtzve}z,m\9e%sF9¹m\`Te/) dprkt7e te kt7e k7mvnr{ ` ~)£[9e m\9e ^`M^

k9`Mm·prm'£cz)ma9e ^\e TeF~³`^\e/e?7d%`M^\e `D®Me ^yDpo~cXnqn!m\9âe e`D~;y9y! #"cDâe m\9âk9e}~cn@zveMy7m\7p@z[s c tzve}z

m\9e sF9um\`teMM«)'7p@zp@z)ma`teeF¡R9^\e}zazve}3prkm\9es cDtz\cntcMs\°7bM^\`9kt3°;k9`D£'nre}7bMe19 ' «.Nprktcnonx{My

£'e7eFwtk9em\tc m(!po~)cDktu`Mk7nr{upo~(NO#9ypl«÷eM«ry9£'eeF¡tsanrt7e c k;{%ma7px^Funr`Rs c mvpr`Mk7{²7eFwtk7prmvpr`Mk?

m\7p@zd3tzvmTeeF¡99^\e}z\z¤e}¼prk m\9e nx`bDp@s cn¥tcMsa°7bM^\`M9kt¼°7k9`X£nxe}7beP:M'F«#Y,e ktsFeMyQ:M' yR9-'Fy1cDktSHL'cD^\e

bDpr®Me k¼;{

(9)

9-' 3

E N 7

(

NX! #"

(

)

3

7!7

E

NX

(

NX! #"

(

)

3

! #"

E N 7

(

NX

(

)

3

NX

( N !

(

NX! #"

E

NO)

HL' 3

* W NO)

3

A N

(

NX! #"

(

?

3

7

A

NX

(

NX! #"

(

?

3

! #"

A N 7)!7

(

NX

(

?

3

NX

( N 7)!7

(

NX! #"

A

NO)

[k7nr{¹£'`M^vn@9zsF`Mktz§p@zvmae k;m£'prm\¹m\9e3tcMsa°7bM^\`M9kt¼°7k9`X£nxe}7beDH cD^\e3T`;z\z§pr7nreM«%'tcDm,prk;m\7prmvpr`Mk p¢z

dcM7e9^ae}sap¢z¤eprk¼m\9e~³` nqnr`D£'prk9b7eFwtk7pxm¤px`kF

r

}É

-,1

.'(.G0 " m['# j 3 '(H " mn'l *'(_

/Cc i4'XDR/*m '. 3/ .. i `' DR'+ H `' . 3/@ *'( . iPH 3 .!>

c'/c>.i4''(\'('1i4'Z*'(

]`;z\zZd./e43 2 "!#

E . 332H J 2 .,4%$!35N 4

oóe'tzve[]`;z\z$cMz1czv9`M^am\tcDkt0~³`^¦]`;zaz&Zd4'eFyp«eM«ry~³`^1m\9e'zve m_`D~-cnont£'`M^vn@9zt`;zaz§pr7nxe,£'prm\3^\e}zvte}sFm

m\` H/cnr`Mk9eM«

i§km\9eeF¡tcDd%7nre`D~1m\9e3sF9 7`MdcXpxk£pxma HL'¥c ktG.'[cMz,7eFwtk9e}cDT`X®eMy9£'etc}®e

]`;z\z('d*.'[e3*),+

$ 3 2

$+&

3 N 7!7

3

NX! #"

3

NX

3

NO)

3

*,4

3

+ C 3 2

$+&

3

7!7

3

NX! #"

3

NX

3

)

3

NO*,4 -

£[9e ^\e,m\9e

+.

cD^\e'ktcDde}z~`M^_n@cDm\e ^_^aeF~³e ^\e ktsFeM«·]`;z\z ')sF`Mktz½p¢z¤mz_`D~

+ $ y + C y;cDkt3ma9e'~³` nqnr`D£'prk9b`m\9e ^

£'`M^vn@9z y9£,7p¢sa£'e9^\e}z¤e k;m cz'£'e£'ponqn`Rs s cMz½px`ktcnonx{¼^\eF~e ^[m\`%m\9e d F

+/

3 2

7$%&

3 N !

3

! #"

3

NX

3

)

3

NO 4 3

+0

3 2

7$%&

3 N !

3

NX! #"

3

)

3

NO 4 3

+21

3 2

NX7$%&

3 N 7!7

3

NX! #"

3

NX

3

NO)

3

*,4

3

+3

3 2

NX7$%&

3

7!7

3

NX! #"

3

NX

3

)

3

NO 4 3

+24

3 2

NX7$%&

3 N 7!7

3

! #"

3

NX

3

)

3

NO 4 3

+5

3 2

NX7$%&

3 N 7!7

3

NX! #"

3

)

3

NO 4

k·eFnr`D£y;csFmvpr`Mktz£'ponon-te7eFwtk9e}m\tcDm)satcDk9bMe[z§prm\tcDmvpr`Mktz;{3dc °Mprk9bsFe ^\mcXpxkt`;zvmFsF`Mktprmvpr`Mktz·m\^\9e

cMz_c,^\e}zv7nrm)` ~tm\9eFpr^¥cD97nop@s cDmvpr`Mk!«_i§k%m\tcDm_sF`Mk7m\eF¡9m}y prm·£'ponqntTe[^\e}7pr^\e}3m\`eF¡R9^ae}z\zm\tcDm)zv`d%e_~`M^\d37n@c

d½7e}z\sF^¤px7prk9bm\9e'`M^vprbDprktcn-z§prm\tcDm¤px`k2ep¢z¦prkzv`Md%e'zve ktzveE 536_'`'~^\`Md¨zv`Md%e'`Mma9e ^!~`M^\d37n@c

d½7e}z\sF^¤px7prk9bum\9e^\e}zv7nrmvprk9bz§prm\tcDm¤px`k2ey7£[9e ^\ecma7px^F~³`M^ad7n@c%dlm\9ecMsFmvpr`Mkz)T`;zvmsF`ktpxm¤px`k2e_p@z)ma^\9eM«

`%dcD°Mem\9e3sF`MktsFe 9m[`D~_d3prk7prdcn)p\U!e ^\e ktsFe9^\e}sap@zveMyTm½£'`%zv997nre d%e k7mcD^\{7eFwtk7prmvpr`MktzcD^\ek9e e}7e}y

£[7p@saprkm\9^ak^\e}M7pr^\e3zv`Md%ec9pxm¤px`ktcn¦mae ^\d3prk9`Dnr`MbM{M«

'æe m $

cDkt

Ctem½£'`3t`7z\z§pr7nre%£'`M^vn@9z «.W,pU d

$+3

CCe¥7e k9`Mmae}z[m\9ez¤e m `D~_bM^\`9ktnqprm\e ^Fcn@zm\^\9e

prk

C y999m[k9`m'prk $

«_ilk¼m\9esF9 7`dcprk!yt£'etc®MeMy7~`M^'eF¡¸cDd7nxeMy

W,pU d + $ 3 + C e 3 2

7!7

3

)

3

NO*,4 cDkt

W,pU d + C 3 + $ e 3 2 N 7!7

3

NO)

3

*,4

N¸`M^%c z¤e m 9 `D~prk7~³e ^ae ktsFe ^a7nxe}z=y'm\9e 987]/ ]'¼`D~zv`Md%e¹zve m%`D~~`M^\d37n@cMz%9»p@zm\9ezvdcXnqnre}zvm

(10)

ºzczv9`M^\m\tc kty 9 @ 7e k9`m\e}zm\tcDmzv`Md%e~`M^\d37n@cG@¹p@zsF`Mk;mFcprk9e}prkóma9eD90lsanr`;zv9^\e%` ~ 93«N9`M^

eF¡tcDd%7nreMy9m\9e19-'§lsanr`;zv9^\e`D~ sF`Mk;mFcprktz-NX

(

NX! #"

(

)vy9cMz'p¢sFmFcDm\e}u7{%m\9e,pxk7~e ^\e ktsFe

^\7nre}zpxk 9-'FytcDktu9e ktsFe3cn@zv`sF`Mk7mcprktz NX c kt NX! #"cDktL]? $%&;y9eM«bt«ryp@z[k9`Mm·prktsanrt7e}«

º^\d%e}P£'prm\¯ma7p¢zm\e ^\d pxk9` nx`bM{My'`Mk9e s c k¯k9`D£ 7eFwtk9eócósF`ktsFe 9m²7e k9`Mm¤pxk9b¯c d3prk7pxducnzve m%`D~

satcDk9bMe}z_ma^cDktz§~`M^\d3prk9b3c£'`M^vn@

$

pxk7m\`3cDk9`Mm\9e ^·£¥`^vn@

Cy;b px®e kzv`Md%e,tcMs\°7bM^\`9kt%°7k9`D£'nre}7bMe H «

'9e3p@7e}c p@zm\tc mm\9e ©Fe}z\z¤e k;mvp@cn@ª¼s\tcDk9be}zcD^\eusF`Md%99m\e}¹tz½pxk9b 9%ycDktS: p@ztzve}m\`7e m\e ^ad3prk9e

m\9ecM9prmvpr`MktcXn,©Fma^vpr®Mp@cn@ª`Mk9e}z ypo~¥cDk;{M«

r

2

! ,

#2' H 3$'9e `M^\{d9eJ : m['1i4'jm[?<*`3D< .&'3'?>

$

3

C D@/*m '. \3 >.3

C

C cb *'(& *4/ E\'3l= i4='*'(.

d

$+3

Ce> 6 &Z Rm**'(2.W,p\U d

$3

C e iji J d

$

CCe C

=3

C J : C c

P,`Mm\e[m\tc m)ctcpr^'`D~!£'`M^vn@9z_dc{tc}®e[d37nxm¤px7nres cDtzacnæsatcDk9bMe z¤e mz «ilk%ma9egsF97`Mdcprk!y

2

! 4

p@z[ma9e9k7p¢9e%s cDtz\cn1satcDk9bMe3zve m'~`M^d

+

$+3

+

CCe«

C

'cDtz\cn1satcDk9bMezve mz,cD^\ek9`D£+tzve}um\`u7e m\e ^\d3prk9esanr`;z¤e k9e}z\z[Te mv£¥e e k¼t`;zaz§pr7nxe3£'`M^vn@9z F

r

-

} '

> $

3

CZmn' DR/ mC\' . 3/c

$ H(/*'(

i4=

C?>.3''3 $

C#>.6

W,p\U9d

3 $ e W,pU d 3

C[e>.

''(5%= i4='*'(.Zd 3 $

e1El*@m '+j=* i4'Z '. Ed

3 C e>.3

''[ 4c

oóe3tzve3m\9e3m\e ^\d

_nr`;zve}z¤m Ed*./e cMzczv9`M^\matcDkt¼k9`MmcDmvpr`Mk¼m\`7e k9`Mm\e3m\9e%zve m` ~)t`;z\z½px7nreu£'`M^vn@9z

£[^\m«H m\tc m cD^\e1d pxk7prdcXncDd`Mk9b3m\9e£'`M^vn@9z[zacDmvp@z§~{Mprk9b .«

ºz'csF97`MducprkeF¡¸cDd7nxeMyTsF`Mktz§p@7e ^[m\9et`;zaz§pr7nxe£'`M^vn@

+ 3

«)9egz§prk9bDnre3s cDtz\cn!s\tcDk9begzve m'`D~

d + $ 3 + 3 e_p@z

2

NX$%&

3

4;«_'9e ^\eF~`M^\eMy9tz§prk9bum\9e^\e}zv7nrmz,`D~19^ae ®Mpr`Mtz,eF¡¸c d%7nre}z y

+ C

6 + 3 «

Nprktcnonr{My9cMsFmvpr`Mktz·cDkt3m\9e'^\e}zv7nrm·`D~1cD97nr{Mprk9b3m\9e d cD^\e7eFwtk9e}«)'9e[T`;z\z§pr7nre £'`M^¤n¢9z¦~³`^\dcnop$}cD

mvpr`Mk¹cM7`M9mz'ma9esF`Md%d%`Mkup@7e}cm\tcDm csFmvpr`Mktz c ^\e7e}z\sF^vprte}¼7{9^aecDkt t`;zvmFsF`Mktprmvpr`Mktz « )^\tsap@cnonr{

~`M^m\9e~³`^\dcnop@zvdycMsFmvpr`Mktzs c k tc®Me%pU!e ^\e k7meU!e}sFmz,prk pU!e ^\e k7msF`Mk7m\eF¡RmFzZdprdcDbDprk9e%m\9eucMsFmvpr`Mk

`D~)m\`bMbDnoprk9bc3noprbM7mzv£'prmsaóm\tcDmtcMzm\9e3eU!e}sFm`D~¥zv£'prmsa7prk9bm\9enoprbM;m`kpo~·pxm£[cMz,`/U TeF~³`^\eMy!cDkt

®p¢sFe®Me ^z\ce?!cDktócMsFmvpr`Mktzs cDk¹tc®Me%cnrm\e ^\ktcDmvpr®MeeUæe}sFmFz,pxkm\9e%z\cDd%e%sF`Mk7m\eF¡9mdprdcDbDprk9e%m\9eucMsFmvpr`Mk

`D~)m\`7z\z§prk9b²cusF`Dprk¹m\tcDmdc{^ae}zv7nrmpxk i4'3/3`M^O=e«['9e%zv{7k;mcsFmvp@scD9Te}cD^cDktsFe3`D~¥cDk¹cMsFmvpr`Mk p¢z

m\9e k¹7eFwtk9e}cMz·~`Dnonr`D£ z F

r

D

}M,!

1f( = 3=' DTQ ' B/XE 4(4`'

i4'

; $ `'

$ !

$& *

$"!$+3

«}««

3 $ /

$"!#$1$&%

?

ccc

$&`''

!

$& *('

!$,3

«}«}«

3

$&/

' !#$

' % A 3

.9i4'(]'1i' DT`'3 ^ $&`'

.

3i4'HDR/ =3 =@ $&/

.!)

`'1 m `5( 4/ *` " 4Ci

i4+$ ]'

$ 6

**+*

6 $&`''"E'+*(4'( 4'>.3i4'Z$&`'

.

`'4\5l' B/=*'/c

, 7

ð¥ÕÍvÍ_ÏÌDí\Ï.-(/0214365714891ÒÔÕí)Ó\íaÜ}Õlí¤ÙtÓlÌDí\çøÍ·ÕÍ½Ïvàç}ðFÏÍ)ÏÌXíaÏ

-:/021;365&1;896<=?>

6A@

>

,CBEDEFG

-"1H5&I;J&KML?/021;365&1;8L:NO+5QP"R"L:NS2T"LU0VJQWX020M1?9ZY\[2>^]

, L

íaç}ÛÏÌXíaÏZ>

]

< _

' D > , Ö

(11)

ºzcDk3eF¡¸cDd7nxe·~^\`Md´m\9e¥sF9u7`Mdcprk!yMsF`Mktz§p@7e ^·m\9e¥cMsFm¤px`kSm 'CDd%e}c k;mm\`7e}z\sF^vprte[d`X®prk9b

m\9e3sF9~^\`Md m\9emcD7nrema`3prmz[99^¤pxb;mt`;z½pxm¤px`k `km\9e t`7`M^}«+o$9e km\9e3sF9p@z,`M^vprbDprktcnonr{`Mk¼m\9e

mcD7nreMy·m\9ecMsFmvpr`Mk¯s c k 9^\`R7tsFeeFprm\9e ^um\9euprk7m\e kt7e} eU!e}sFm}ypl«÷eM«¢y-7y)`M^prms cDkó~lcpon[prk¯ma9e²zve ktz¤e

m\tcDm,m\9ecMsFm¤px`k^\e}zv7nrmz,prk¼m\9esF9Ôz,t`7z§prmvpr`Mk=%dl£[7p@sa!y;{GH ' y¸prd%7nopre}z/NXe«'ilkócnon1`m\9e ^

sF`Mk7m\eF¡9mz yMma9ecMsFmvpr`Mk~ cpon@z·prkm\9ezve ktzvem\tc m)k9`Mm\7prk9b3p@z[satcDk9bMe}«+P[`Mmae[m\tcDm'm\7p@z'£[c{3`D~!d%`R7eFnoprk9b

cMsFmvpr`Mk ~cponr9^\ep@z®Me ^\{¹bMe k9e ^a`Mtz ?prk bMe k9e ^cnly~lcponx9^aed3prbM7m^\e}zv7nrm0pxk cDk7{ózv`M^\m`D~ 9cDdcDbe`kóm\9e

sF9Ôz,`M^^\`Mt`m Ôz'z§p@7e3`M^ 9k99^ae}p¢sFmFcD7ponqprmv{¹`D~)m\9e3zvts sFe}z\zv`M^z§prm\tcDm¤px`k!«['9e~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd cnonr`D£ zm\7p@z

m\`%TeeF¡99^\e}z\zve}h¯99m£'etzvem\9ebe k9e ^\`Mtz'£[c{ma9^\`M9bM9`M9m'm\9etcDte ^,~`M^[e}cMzve` ~¦9^\e}z¤e k;mc mvpr`Mk!«

'9ecMsFm¤px`k 4mC\'CDp@z[ma9e k 7e}z\sF^vprTe}7{

/

4m '= D 3 ;

NX7$%&

(

* !

3

=?

7$%&

(

* !

3

=?

NO !

'

A

`w9¡²ma9ed%e}cDk7prk9b%`D~1ma9ezv{;k7mcMsFm¤p¢s cXncsFmvpr`Mk7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mktz yTm\9esF`MktsFe 9m,`D~¦sanr`;zve k9e}z\z,te mv£'e e k

t`7z\z§pr7nre£¥`^vn@9zp@ztzve}«ui ~¤y~`M^cDk cMsFm¤px`k)y $&`'

.

p@zm\^\9e pxk;.Mym\9e3p@7e}c p@zmatcDm ^\e}zv7nrmzprk c

zve m`D~[T`;z\z§pr7nre£'`M^¤n¢9z=y!e}cMsaó`D~'£[7p@s\ ®Me ^vpo~{ z¤`Md%el$&/

.!)

y1cDkt¹e}cs\ó` ~¥£[7p@sa cD^ae sanr`;z¤e}zvmm\` .«

N9`^\dcnonr{TF

r

2

¢ [

tD

.# 'XH 3 '9e `M^a{d9 eOJ : mn'lmn?<*=]=43G< . 7

'3'?> .% *=\>.3h #=?('fmC5j=f( 3' DT = ' B c i4'1`' 4

DD2\5/4 /.E3='XH > 3''3 Zd

3 . e>T i4'_3=*( =# (DR mC' . \3 **5/4

i4' *= . 43 2) i4'`'`'

0 ]`;z\zZd&.e>-0 2 3

«}««

3

4>.3 0 2 3

««}«

3 & d e 4> 4Ci

i4

H J

2#

4

!3

.

3

0 _nr`;zve}z¤m Ed.

.!)

e>Xc' c> 7] +4 i4'ZDR mC' . 3/%**5/4

.

.!) c

'e}s cnon_m\tcDm'£'esF`Mktz§p@7e ^c3zve m[`D~_t`7z\z§pr7nre£'`M^¤n¢9z,cMz·p@7e k;m¤p¢s cXn¦m\`m\9eFpr^ p@zÉ½9ktsFm¤px`k!«

ºzc sF9 7`Mdcprk$eF¡tcDd%7nreMy,nxe m¼tzsF`Md%99m\e ' d4mC\'CD

3

.#'[e«¨ºz7e d%`ktzvm\^cDmae}¯TeF~³`^\eMy

]`;z\z 'd*. ' esF`Mktz§p@zvmz0`D~[m\9emv£'`t`7z\z§pr7nre£¥`^vn@9z

+ $ cDkt

+ C « º 97nr{pxk9bh4m '= D prk

+ C p@z9k9

prk;mae ^\e}zvmvprk9b prk+m\9eózve ktzve¹m\tc m%prm7`;e}zuk9`Mmunre}cM m\` cDk7{¯s\tc k9bMe}z d½cMz NO*¹p@zum\^\9e¼prk

+

C(e«

)`Mktz¤e}M9e k7mvnr{My

+

C'p@zcDkeFnre d%e k;m`D~_m\9e^\e}zv7nrm}«

9e k!y¦sF`ktz§p@7e ^

+ $

y!pl«÷eM«¢y¦sF`k;m\eF¡9mk79d3te ^%` ~ m 'CD¯bMe mzcD97nopre}¯cMz C p@zm\^\9eM« N9`M^

!.*C

!

CDy9pl«÷eM«¢ytm\9e0~³`^\d37n¢cD7)!79y7£¥ep@ócXnqnm\9e3k9e}sFe}z\z\cD^\{s cXn¢sF7n@cDm¤px`kprk¹m\9eeF¡¸cDd7nxe}zTeF~³`^\eM«

'9e 6

d3prk7prdcn_£¥`^vn@z\cDm¤p¢z½~³{prk9b 7!7p@zbM`7`Ru` n¢

+

CD«''tcDm[d%e}c ktz ytcD97nr{pxk9b m 'CD¹prk

+ $

duc}{¼nre}cMm\`

+

CDyktcDd%eFnr{Mypo~!.*C

!

C%tc 9te ktzm\``9s sF9^}«N9`^ !.*C

!$

yæp«eM«rym\9e3~`M^\d37n@c ;y

`Mk9es cDksa9e}sa°m\tc m[m\9et`7z\z§pr7nre£'`M^vn@

+ 0 p@z

6

d pxk7prdcXncDd`Mk9b3m\9`;zvez\c mvp@z§~³{prk9bG;«·ilkz¤9dy

' dm 'CD

3

.#'`e3 2 + C 3

+0 4;«

P,`Mm\e3m\tc mprk ma9e7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mk `D~14m ' D)yæpxmp@z9k9k9e}sFe}zaz\cD^\{óma` zvTe}sapq~{óm\tc mm\9e%£'e}cDma9e ^p¢z

9ktc(U!e}sFm\e}3cDktm\tcDm_ma9esF9p@z_k9`m1`Mk3m\9e'mc 7nxecDk;{d%`M^\eM«'7p@zp@z)cDk3eF¡tcDd%7nre[`D~tm\9e·~`M^\dcXnqp@zvd Ôz

7e}cnoprk9b£'prm\m\9e~^cDd%ec ktu^cDd3pow-s cDmvpr`Mk¼9^\`M7nre dz «

!"

ðFÜ ñ[ívÚ[ÏÌ=ÒÔç}ØÏÌ}Í_Ï#ð¥Û=Ò%$MÍ½ÎÍvç ÏÓvðç ÏÍvû ÏÕ.N1H5&I;J&K & 0VJ('U5"O)*_íaç}Û1H5&I;J&K+&0VJ(' 5"O)*,#æÒÔÏÌ[ÒÔÛÍ½ç ÏÉÒÔÓ\í¤Ù9DðÕÏÓvðFç}Û ÒÔÏÉÒÔð çÕ

ÕÍvÍvñ¬ð ÛÛMÖ

"

ðFÜíaÎÍ)ÎÉÒÔøFÌ ÏvÖ.-ðÎñ[í¤Ù÷ÙÔÚFàRðFç}Í'ÓvðFÜ ÙÔÛ3Ü}ç=ÒÔÏÍ¥ÏÌÍvñ¬Üç}ÛÍ½Î_ÏÌÍ·ÒÔÛ}Ívç ÏÉÒÔÓ\ívÙ9}ÎÍvÓvðFç}Û ÒÔÏÉÒÔðFç 0VJ('U5 O)*Ö/!ð0#-ÍvîFÍvÎvà

#Í1#Ò÷Ù÷ÙTÙqí\ÏÍvÎvà2#!ÌÍ½çÛ}Í\í¤Ù÷ÒÔç}ø#æÒÔÏÌÙ÷ÒÔñ·ÒÔÏÍvÛ%ÓvðÎÎÍvÓvÏç}ÍvÕÕvàMÒÔç03Í½ÓvÏ'í\ÛÛ ÒÔÏÉÒÔðFçXí¤Ù!ÒÔç ïrðFÎñíaÏÉÒÔðFçÒÔç ÏðÏÌÍ[í\ÓvÏÉÒÔðFçÛÍvÕÓ½ÎÉÒ%9ÏÉÒÔðçà

Õ9DÍvÓlÒ÷ïrÚFÒÔçøÏÌDí\Ï'ÏÌÍ í\ÓvÏÉÒÔðFç3ÒÔÕ'ñ'ðÎÍ'Ù÷ÒÔØFÍ§ÙÔÚ%Ïðï@ívÒ÷ÙÒÔç%Îlí¤ÒÔç Ú4#Í¤íaÏÌ}ÍvÎ =@í\Õ·ÏÌ}Í[ÓvÜ9ñí¤ÚøFÍ½Ï·ÕÉÙ÷Ò%99DÍvÎÚFà!ÕlívÚ

B

Öß ðàtÏÌ}Í

(12)

m[< D 3 ;

NX$+#&

(

! #"

!

@?

7$%&

(

! #"

!

3

'@?

NX! #"

!

4'

A

DT 3 ;

7 6G! #"

!

7)!7

3

! #"4?

N d77!7 6=! #" e ! 4'

A

. = 3 ;

7$+&

!

NX$%&

3

'@?

NX7$+&

!

$%&

3

4'

A

Npxb9^\ef@F_º9prmvpr`Mktcn)cMsFmvpr`Mktz·~`M^[m\9esF9¹7`Mdcprk!«

"$

oóek9`D£Km\9^\k m\`¹m\9eup@z\zv9e}z`D~g7eFwtk7prk9b 7n¢c ktz~³`^ma9em½{7te` ~gcMsFmvpr`Mktz%cztz¤e}pxk ma9et`;z\z½px7nre

£'`M^vn@9z~`M^\ducnop$}c mvpr`Mk!y;cDkt £¥e'£'pononæ7eFwtk9esF`M^\^ae}sFm\k9e}z\z)c kt%sF`Md%7nre m\e k9e}z\z`D~!7n@cDktz y;c kt%sF`M^\^\e}sFmak9e}z\z

cDkt%sF`d%7nre m\e k9e}z\z·`D~-7n@cDk9k7prk9b%9^a`RsFe}79^\e}z·cMs sF`M^prk9bDnr{M«+oóe[cD^\e z¤mvponqn`Mk%m\9e,m\9e `M^\{0nxe ®eFn-9e ^\eMyk9`Mm

{Me m'cDm_prd%7nre d%e k7mcDmvpr`MkFilm·p@z)ma9e[99^\t`7zve ma`9^\`D®p¢7em\9esF`MktsFe 9mzprkmae ^\dz_` ~æ£,7p¢saum\9e 7n@cDk9k9e ^

prd%7nre d%e k7mcDmvpr`Mk¹s cDkm\9e kTe7e}z\sF^¤pxTe}¹cDkte ®DcnrtcDm\e}«

oe bDpr®Mem\9e7eFwtk7prmvpr`Mktz'~`M^·9^\`M7nre d 7e}z\sF^vpr9mvpr`Mk!y¸7n¢c k!y97n@cDk²sF`^\^\e}sFm\k9e}z\z=yRc kt%7n@cDksF`Md7nxe mae

k9e}z\zzv7prmcD7nre3~`M^m\9e%T`;z\z§pr7nre£'`M^¤n¢9z,~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d 9e ^\eMy99mprmzv9`M7n@te%e d%9tcz§p$ e}óm\tc mm\9e}zve

k9`Mmvpr`Mktz,cD^\ee}z\zve k7mvp@cn!~`M^'97pqn@prk9bc7n@cDk9k9e ^ tczve}u`Mk 5%cMsFmvpr`Mku~`M^\dcnop@zvdyTcnrm\9`M9bMm\9e {£'ponqn

nr`;`°p\U!e ^\e k7m~`M^ pU!e ^\e k;m~`M^\ducnop¢z¤dz «M`tyTm\9eT`Dprk;m9e ^aeprk¹®pxe £´`D~)m\9ebMe k9e ^cn_d%e m\9`97`Dnr`MbM{

~`M^ ma9^\k7prk9bcMsFmvpr`Mk~`M^\ducnop¢z¤dz,prk;m\`u7n@cDk9k9e ^z,p@z F,m\9e3^\e}zvte}sFm¤px®e 7eFwtk7prmvpr`Mktz0d3tzvm Te39^\`D®Mp@7e} prk

c0~³`^\dzv7prmc 7nxe~`M^·m\9e ^ae}zvte}sFmvpr®Me~`M^\ducnop¢z¤d«)'9e`Mm\9e ^·k9`Mmvpr`Mktz·£'e bDpr®Me9e ^\eZdl7n@cDk9k9e ^}y97n@cDk9k9e ^

sF`M^\^ae}sFm\k9e}z\z ycDkt7n@cDk9k9e ^sF`d%7nre m\e k9e}z\ze cD^aepxkt7e Te kt7e k;m3`D~_m\9et`;z\z½px7nre%£'`M^¤n¢9z~`M^\dcnop@zvd cDkt

dc{%Tetzve}²nqprm\e ^Fcnonx{ ~³`^[97pon¢prk9b¼7n¢c k9k9e ^z[`kcDk;{u`Mm\9e ^,`Mk9eM«

oegzvmFcD^\m)£pxmam\9e7eFwtk7prmvpr`Mk`D~_c7n@cDk9k7prk9bu9^\`M7nre d 7e}z\sF^¤px9m¤px`k!«)ºz'm\7p@z'7eFwtk7prmvpr`Mk¼p¢z9^\e m\mv{

san@cMz\z§p@s cnly¸prmgzv9`7n¢ te9kt7e ^zvm\`7`R £'prm\9`M9m'nre k9bMma;{ueF¡R7n@cDktc mvpr`MkF

r

M,?1

2' " m['_ n =]3=' '/c. DT 7

4%D2]m ' 3'C*(DT=1DT`4mC'B> *=i4>Ei4# ' l =*fS *3 DT'

53 d*.

3 3

H

3

e>.9i4'(]'

. 0 "-> i4' = 4>.E j!>

0 " >.i4'E(%> E !>

H " >&i4'm[< `3 < . \'3='>.E '+ *=\ > 3

>.i4'( = A'(5#> El*'( j=Q3' D2 ^Cc

'e d%e d3Te ^m\tcDm[£'emcMsaprmvnr{¹cMz\zv9d%ema9etcMsa°;b^\`M9kt°7k9`D£'nre}7bMe H m\`sF`Mktz§p@zvm` ~'9e `^\{d*9e JP:

~`M^ zv`Mde 9 3 : m\9^\`M9bM9`9m¥ma9etcDTe ^}y9e ®Me kupo~)£'e7`%k9`Mm[de k;mvpr`Mk 9 cDkt : eF¡97nop¢saprmvnr{M«

7p¢zgp@zma9e%t`Dprk7m3m\`9^\e}zve k7mm\9e`Mm\9e ^sF9 7`MdcXpxk cMsFmvpr`Mktzm\`9^\e tcD^ae3~³`^zvmc mvprk9bm\9e%~7non

cMsFmvpr`Mk prk;®Me k7m\`M^a{%~`M^[9^\`7nxe duz[m\`%sF`MdeM«)i§k cM9prmvpr`Mk¼m\`f4mC\'CDy¸£¥etc®Mema9ecMsFmvpr`Mktzzv9`D£[kuprk