HAL Id: pasteur-00588944
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from wild birds, Hong Kong, 2004-2008.
Gavin J D Smith, Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna, Trevor M Ellis, Kitman C Dyrting, y H Connie Leung, Justin Bahl, Chun W Wong, Huang Kai, Mary K
W Chow, Lian Duan, et al.
To cite this version:
Gavin J D Smith, Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna, Trevor M Ellis, Kitman C Dyrting, y H Connie Leung, et al.. Characterization of avian influenza viruses A (H5N1) from wild birds, Hong Kong, 2004-2008..
Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009, 15 (3), pp.402-7.
�10.3201/eid1503.081190�. �pasteur-00588944�
From January 2004 through June 2008, surveillance of dead wild birds in Hong Kong, People’s Republic of Chi- na, periodically detected highly pathogenic avian infl uenza (HPAI) viruses (H5N1) in individual birds from different spe- cies. During this period, no viruses of subtype H5N1 were detected in poultry on farms and in markets in Hong Kong despite intensive surveillance. Thus, these fi ndings in wild birds demonstrate the potential for wild birds to disseminate HPAI viruses (H5N1) to areas otherwise free from the vi- ruses. Genetic and antigenic characterization of 47 HPAI (H5N1) viruses isolated from dead wild birds in Hong Kong showed that these isolates belonged to 2 antigenically dis- tinct virus groups: clades 2.3.4 and 2.3.2. Although research has shown that clade 2.3.4 viruses are established in poul- try in Asia, the emergence of clade 2.3.2 viruses in nonpas- serine birds from Hong Kong, Japan, and Russia raises the possibility that this virus lineage may have become estab- lished in wild birds.
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Characterization of Avian Infl uenza Viruses A (H5N1) from Wild Birds,
Hong Kong, 2004–2008
Gavin J.D. Smith,1 Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna,1 Trevor M. Ellis, Kitman C. Dyrting, Y.H. Connie Leung, Justin Bahl, Chun W. Wong, Huang Kai, Mary K.W. Chow, Lian Duan, Allen S.L. Chan, Li Juan Zhang,
Honglin Chen, Geraldine S.M. Luk, J.S. Malik Peiris, and Yi Guan
Author affi liations: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Ad- ministrative Region, People’s Republic of China (G.J.D. Smith, D.
Vijaykrishna, Y.H.C. Leung, J. Bahl, H. Kai, L. Duan, L.J. Zhang, H. Chen, J.S.M. Peiris, Y. Guan); Agriculture, Fisheries and Con- servation Department, Hong Kong (T.M. Ellis, K.C. Dyrting, C.W.
Wong, M.K.W. Chow, A.S.L. Chan, G.S.M. Luk); and HKU-Pasteur Research Centre, Pokfulam, Hong Kong (J.S. Malik Peiris) DOI: 10.3201/eid1503.081190
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)="'%")*,<G 1These authors contributed equally to this article.
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Figure. Phylogenetic relationships of the hemagglutinin genes of representative infl uenza viruses. Numbers above and below the branch nodes indicate neighbor-joining bootstrap values >70% and Bayesian posterior probabilities >95%, respectively. Not all supports are shown due to space constraints. Analyses were based on nt 49–1,677 and the tree rooted to duck/Hokkaido/51/1996. Numbers to the right of the fi gure refer to World Health Organization infl uenza (H5N1) clade designations (online Appendix Table, available from www.cdc.gov/EID/content/15/3/402-appT.htm). Viruses iso- lated from wild birds and chickens in Hong Kong during 2004–2008 are in boldface. *Indicates viruses included in the antigenic analysis (Table). Scale bar indicates 0.01 nucleotide substitutions per site.
Ck, chicken; Dk, duck; Gs, goose; HK, Hong Kong.
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Table. Antigenic analysis of influenza viruses A (H5N1) by hemagglutinin inhibition test, Hong Kong, China, 2008*
Ferret antisera titers to:
Virus Clade† VNM1203‡
(clade 1)
IDN5 (clade 2.1)
CDC357 (clade 2.1)
MNG244 (clade 2.2)
HN101 (clade 2.3.1)
VNM1455 (clade 2.3.2)
Anhui1 (clade 2.3.4)
VNM1203 1 640 40 <40 <40 80 40 80
Dk/Hunan/795/2002 2.1 80 640 320 160 160 160 <40
IDN5 2.1 40 1,280 640 80 40 160 160
CDC357 2.1 80 2,560 1,280 160 80 320 320
BHG/Qinghai/1A/2005 2.2 40 320 160 320 160 80 40
HN101 2.3.1 40 640 160 640 640 320 80
CPH/HK/18/2005 2.3.2 <40 40 <40 40 80 <40 <40
VNM1455 2.3.2 40 160 160 160 160 320 <40
Pfalcon/HK/5211/2006 2.3.2 <40 320 160 40 80 160 <40
Common magpie/HK/5052/2007 2.3.2 <40 320 160 160 80 320 <40
Common buzzard/HK/9213/2007 2.3.2 <40 160 80 80 80 160 <40
Little egret/HK/8863/2007 2.3.2 <40 160 80 160 80 320 <40
BCN heron/HK/659/2008 2.3.2 <40 160 80 80 80 320 <40
Magpie robin/HK/109720/08 2.3.2 <40 320 160 320 160 640 <40
Ck/Guiyang/3570/2005 2.3.3 160 160 40 160 640 160 640
Dk/Fujian/1734/2005 2.3.4 80 160 80 <40 80 40 640
JWE/HK/1038/2006 2.3.4 80 320 160 40 640 320 1,280
SB munia/HK/2572/2007 2.3.4 80 80 40 <40 80 <40 640
Pfalcon/HK/2142/2008 2.3.4 80 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 40
Pfalcon/HK/D0028/2004 9 320 80 40 <40 80 <40 160
*VNM1203, Vietnam/1203/2004; IDN5, Indonesia/5/2005; CDC357, Indonesia/CDC357/2006; MNG244, whooper swan/Mongolia/244/2005; HN101, duck/Hunan/101/2004; VNM1455, muscovy duck/Vietnam/1455/2006; Anhui1, Anhui/1/2005; Dk, duck; BHG, bar-headed goose; CPH, Chinese pond heron; HK, Hong Kong; Pfalcon, peregrine falcon; BCN heron, black-crowned night heron; Ck, chicken; JWE, Japanese white-eye; SB munia, scaly- breasted munia. Boldface numbers indicate titers to prototype viruses.
†Clade designations according to the World Health Organization influenza (H5N1) nomenclature system (21).
‡Ferret antisera dilution started at 1:40.
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''[G'' @0)-'fJ'3,"7"8'OPJ'b"()*+/'4PJ'E%%"8'HSJ'C&7*"-#'QXJ'Q7)088'PJ',*' )%G'E>,7#,-.,'+='>0%*"(%,'#,-+*&(,8'+='!9:;')/")-'"-!'0,-1)'/"708N ,8'"-'!+-#'Q+-#'P4_G'37+.':)*%'4.)<'P."'Y'P'4G'KDDKlAAcUA9DF9G' CZ5c';DG;D\R?(-)8G;RKKBUAAA
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;DG;;KU?O]5G\BG;KGBR[[NBR99GKDDK
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