Simulation of compressible viscous flows on a variety pf MPPs : computational algorithms for unstructured dynamic meshes and performance results
Texte intégral
(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE. Simulation of Compressible Viscous Flows on a Variety of MPPs: Computational Algorithms for Unstructured Dynamic Meshes and Performance Results Charbel Farhat , Ste´phane Lanteri. N˚ 2154 Janvier 1994. PROGRAMME 6 Calcul scientifique, mode´lisation et logiciel nume´rique. ISSN 0249-6399. apport de recherche. 1994.
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(43) zvtkVk9h y uw½z®< lm 5 . = ¼ @ > C t X ¿ q w 2 u e z © k < 9 k x o V d a p x w z ® < k a p e z g d. c k9ytk cefg®À k9c*rtytwxz]dÃ8<d_oxrtjk< W wquzetk ©cekuvurtcvk<1 nwuzetku kpaw|{~pw½yPzvk9cey ho2k9ytk cefg® ]^^ ]^` hy p wuzetkytd_cejhoxw &9k ]`o` hcekÀzetkpsdgj d_ytk9yVziu×dÃ*ze©kz¦dg´¶Pw½jk9y uwxdgy±hon@hr piP® uzvcekuvuzvk9y ud_c96" r < s q t l v q u q ze©k9cejhopadgy Pr±pszew½Pw½z®G785 ¦8tk cekx< q l q yu q hy w q Pk9ytd_zekzetkpi hc¾hgpszvk9cewuzvwqp w q Pk9y±uwxz®<,<k9o½dVpswxz®<~oxk9ytf_ze,>hy ¨Pw ª~r uw½Pw½z®wqu*zetk)k9®Vytd_oqtuyVrtj7ʧk c9,hy z{95 w q}p |q ~ wu×zvtk >. b2cihy PzeoXyVrtjÊ k9c È (tk*<k9oxdVpawxz®<<k9ytk9cvfg®<©hy tcekueur©cekhcvkcek oqhzvkÊV®ze©k×k}Âr hzew½dgydÃ@uzihzekÃÄdgc]h k9cÃÄkpaz8f<hguv* <D l ' ¿ 5 ¼ 4 i ¿ ¼ m E W 1 ¦8tk9cvk ¨wqu*zetk7cihzewxd?dÃ]u kpsw {~ptkhziu7¼ 5; " ÃÄdgc hwxca¿i2hy "zvtku kpaw|{~pw½yPzvk9cey±hok9ytk9cvfg®?wu cek oqhzvkzed zvtk*zek9j k9c¾hzvrtcekVwqh *.
(44) .
(45) . .
(46) . .
(47) . . n95m| 5 E <. l1 ' (tkpsdgj§d_ytk9yVziudÃzetk n@hr pV®uzecvkueu8zek y ud_c!hcekcek9ohzvkzed7ze©k×<k oxdVpsw½zewxkuÌVwqh* + @ + C +@ +C +C +@ ]_^^ 5 w H + ; +I J > ]`o` 5 w HV +I + ; J > ]_^` 5 w H +I 0 + ; J ¦8tk9cvk w Pk ytdgzvkuzetk*ytd_cejhoxw &9k Pwuepsduwxz®<È .ºy¹dgc¾Pk9c!zedhgp9padgrtyVz)ÃÄd_ch dgzvk9yPzvwqho^jd_zew½dgydgc]PksÃÄd_cejhzewxd_ydÃzvtkpsdgj©rtzihzewxd_y hoXfgcvwq?¼éw½y ze±hz]p9hgukצ@k* h9<k# 5 #¼ , ¿e¿!tze©k³ÃÄd_oxo½d¦8w½ytf7psd<d_ciPw½y hzvkzec¾hy uºÃÄdgcvjhzvwxdgywuwxyVzecedVVr psk * ¼º<¿ 1 5 1 ¼ ;1 > , ¿ 5 ,. ]. (tcvdgrtf_tdgrtz!ze©wqu
(48) ±h k9c9Vwxz@wquhguvurtjkze hzzvtk*<hgpadgÊtwhydÃXzvtk*hÊ d<kzvcihy±u ÃÄdgcvjhzvwxd_yPks{ y©k. hguv*. !. P k9zH ++ ;#"1 $ J Pd<ku8ytd_z_hy©wquÀhzhyP® d_wxyVz!hy ÀhyV®zew½jk<È-.ºyPzvcedVP1 r pawxytf zvtk*fgcew¬<k9o½dVpswxz® 5. %. + 5 -+ ; , 1 1. *. '" ( &. hy±r uw½ytf*Ù}PuaÈP¼¶Â¿¾<Ù}§ÈV¼e¿Xp9hy ! Ê k@zecihy u ÃÄd_cejk×wxyVzed]zetkÃÄdgoxo½d¦8wxytf]ÜÅ,Ù¨¼ºÜcvÊtwxzvcihcv®Å,hfgc¾hytf_wqhy Ù2rtoxk cewqhyL¿2ÃÄdgcvjr©oqhzvwxd_y?¼ºuk9k<ÂÃÄd_c8k9Ç©hjto½k<! VÖdgy©kh Ä¿ * + ¼ . ¿ 3 " :?¼ ¿ 9 3 " )¼ 4 ¿ 5 ¼º<¿ +-, " ( & 0 1 1 . 798 1 1 . ¦8tk9cvAk * 4*1 )v¼ . 6¿ 5 H O M ) ) ¼ ¼ . ¿ ¿ J . hy± M ) ¼ . ¿@hy O ) ¼ . ¿@hcvkze©kpadgyV<kpszekpsd_yP<kpszew½<k)² r©ÇPkuf_wx<k9yÊP® * M. hy±*. Y=ZZ. <A@-@ + 0XW VU <,@R+ C [ E.@ + 0\W @. ¼ . ¿65TSUU ). <,@ +. . Z >. < C+ / O )¼ . ¿5TSUU <AC,<AC + @0C + UV E1C + 0X0XW W C. @ + 5 @ %^ C + 5 C %`. Y=ZZ Z [. ¼éV¿.
(49) =3 C"< 4'C%$ 2IEC"! $ 68<8& . !96t ! j !" (tkÊ dgrty±thcv®2( ¼ , ¿*dÃ*zetk² d¦ Pdgjhwxy¨wu hcvzewxzvwxd_ytkwxyVzedh ¦Íhoxo8Ê d_rty thce® (2¼ , ¿hy Ëhy wxyV{ ytwxz®7Ê dgrty ©hce®\ ( ¼ , ¿* 2( ¼ , ¿5 ( ¼ , ¿ ?( ¼ , ¿¾ÈtÅLk9z
(50) 1 ¼ , ¿@Pk9ytd_zekzvtk*dgrtz¦Íhcirtytw½z8ytdgcvjhoXhz hyV® dgw½yPz8dà 2( ¼ , ¿¾ hy l 1 hy Pk9ytd_zekzvtk*¦8hoxoL<k oxdVpsw½z®7hy ¬zvk9j k9c¾hzer©cek<È 1!yzetk]¦8ho½oLÊ dgr©y thcv®?(2¼ , ¿iVh×ytd_´ºuoxw½¹padgy Pw½zew½dgyhy h Öw½cewqpito½k9zpsd_y Pwxzvwxd_ydgyzvtkzvk9j k9´ cihzertcvkhcekwxj duk* =. º¼ <¿ ÚdÊ dgrty ©hce®¯psdgy Vwxzew½dgywqu*u kpaw|{ k¹ÃÄdgc*zvtkVk9y uw½z®<È,¥k9y±psk< zetk7zed_ziho@k9ytk9cvfg®À§k crtytw½z*dà <dgo½rtjk]hy zetk*tcvkueurtcek*d_y¹ze©kצÍho½o,hcvkf_wx<k9yÊV® * <? lB ' 5 ¼ 4 ¿ < | > E 5 < | ¼ºl<¿ 1 W 0 Õtdgck9ÇVzek cey ho² d¦!uhcvdgrty Thw½cÃÄd_wxoqua2zetkÀPwuepsd_r uksª~kpaziu7hcekhguvurtjk°zed ʧk?y©k9fgo½wxfgw½ÊtoxkÀhz wxyV{ ytwxz®<Vudzv hz]hr©ytw|ÃÄd_cej0ÃÄcvk9k9´¶uzecvkhj uz¾hzvk<kpszvdgc . wquwxj§duk7dgX y ( ¼,¿* < 5. > l 1 5LK psud<wxyu P > W 5 ' ¼ _¿ ¦8tk9cvk¯wuzetkhytfgo½k×dÃhzez¾hgpiÛL hy wquzvtkÃÄcek9k9´¶uzvcekhj¸?h_pyVrtj7ʧk c9È Õtdgcw½yPzvk9cey±hoP² d¦!uag ( ¼ , ¿Xwqu hcvzewxzvwxd_ytk wxyVzed*rt uzecekhj hy Vd¦8y±uzecvkhjÊ dgrty±thcvwxku¦8twp hcvk*wxyfgk9y©k9ciho,wxyÀpsdgyVzih_psz8¦8wxzvzetk¦Ího½o,ʧd_rty thce® *( ¼ , N¿ 5 ( ¼ , ¿ ( $ ¼ , ¿iÈ .ºyze±hz]p9hguk<Pzvtk tcvk9Pw½dgr u!Pks{±ytwxzvwxdgydà . wqu8wxj©ced<k r uw½ytfh hcihÊ d_oxwqp*tced{ oxk*ÃÄdgc!zetkÃÄcvk9k9´¶uzecvkhj <k9o½dVpswxz®<È Õtdgc8k9Ç©hjtoxk<gÃÄd_c8zetk*td_ce'w & dgyVziho ² d¦ Ê k9z¦k9k yz¦d tohzeku8utd¦8y¹w½yÕ^w½fgrtcvk_tdgytkp9hyÀu kpsw ÃÄ® * l 1 5.¼¶ · >C ¼ I ¿v¿ F ¼ºµ<¿ lm 5 1 5 l1 > . . . y. x. Õ^wxf_rtcekGr* ¥d_cew'& dgyVziho,<k oxdVpsw½z® ©ced{±oxkÃÄdgc!wxyVzek9cvy ho ² d¦!u . !#"$ " R &% !. (tk² d¦ Pdgjhwxy #¼ , ¿wqu h_ueurtjkzed ʧkÀh" d_ox®Vfgdgy±ho!ʧd_rty PkËcek9f_wxdgy«dÃ#. '9ÈÅLk z(')¹Ê kh. u z¾hy ©hci?zecvwqhytfgrtohzvwxdgy?dà #¼ , ¿¾Lhy +*¹zvtkjhÇVwxjhoLoxk ytfgzv¹dÃ@zvtkkVfgku8dÃ,')<È~Ü%<k9cvzek9ÇdÃÍh zecvwqhytfgo½k wuPk ytdgzvk¬ÊV® Q ~hy ¹zvtkuk9z!dÃ@wxz¾u)y©k9wxf_PÊ dgcvwxytf7<k9cvzewqpakuÊP®.-¼/¿¾ÈLÜ8z8khgpi¹<k cezek Ç Q ©h psk9o½o | ¼ , ¿Xwqu8psd_y uzvcer pazekh_uzetk]rtytwxd_ydÃ>ze©k*urtÊ©zecewhytf_oxkucvkur©oxzew½ytf×ÃÄcvdgjzetk³urtÊ~Pw½Pwuwxd_y ÊV®¬jkhy u8dÃ@zvtk jkPwhy udÃ@khgpi¹zvcewqhytfgo½k dÃ,')zv hzwupsd_ytytkpszvk¬zvd Q ¼¶uk9kGÕ^wxf_rtcekG¿iÈ (tk.
(51) .
(52) . .
(53) . .
(54) . Ê dgrty±thcv®dÃ6| ¼ , ¿XwquVk9ytdgzvk ÊP® + | ¼ , ¿¾Phy zvtkr©ytwxz@<kpszed_cdÃXze©kd_rtz¦8hc¾ytd_cejho§zvd + | ¼ , ¿ ÊV® 1 ¼ , ¿ 5.¼ ^ ¼ , ¿> ` ¼ , ¿e¿¾ÈB(tk*rtytw½dgydÃ@hoxo~zetkukpsdgyVzecvdgo,<dgo½rtjku@psdgy±uzew½zertzvku8h Pwuepscvk9zew &hzvwxdgy dÃ
(55) Pdgjhwx?y #¼ , ¿* . # )95 | > *tyVrtj7Ê k9cdÃ2<k9cvzewpsku2dà ' ). . j G1. Mercredi 4 Mai. 1988 19:36:48. I. i. G2. INRIA Sophia-Antipolis SINUS STEVE. XÕ wxfgr©cek *Lnd_yPzvcedgo,<d_oxrtjkw½y¹hy¹rty±uzecvr pszvrtcekf_cewq (tk7u±hzewhoVwquepacek9zvw'&hzewxd_yjk9ze©dV¹hgVdgtzvk¹tk9cvk psd_jÊtw½ytkuzvtk×ÃÄd_oxoxd¦8w½ytfÃÄkhzertcvku×¼¶uk9k ÃÄdgc]Pk9z¾hw½oqu¿ *
(56) h{ ytw½zek<d_oxrtjk!rtV¦8wxy httcedÇVwxjhzew½dgyjk9zvtdVÃÄdgc!ze©kpadgyV<kpszew½<k² rtÇVkusÈLkpsdgy±d_ciPk c u hzvwqho@h_p9psrtc¾hgps®Àwqu*hgpitwxk <kr uw½ytfÀhyk9ÇVzek y uw½dgy?dà @hyÅLk9k9;c ýu*¸?Á×tn@Åzvkp©ytwq}<rtk s zvdrty±uzecvr pszvrtcekjkutku
(57) h7psoqh_ueuwqp9ho !]ho½k9ceÛVwxy{ ytw½zekk oxk9jk yPzpak9yPzvk9cekht©cedÇPw½jhzvwxd_yÃÄdgc!zetkPw ª~r uw½<k² rtÇVkusÈ ÅLk9z | ^ & hy | ( & Pk9ytd_zek7zetk7z¦dcek tcekuk9yVzihzvwxd_y udà | ¼ , ¿w½y"zvtkpsd<dgc¾Pwxy hzeku®tuzek9juPks{ ´ ytk?ÊV® ; 1 hy 1 ,ceku kpszv! wx<k9o½®<È Ø®?Pka{ ytwxzvwxd_y, | ( & wquh{ ÇVk?ceksÃÄk9cvk9y pskcek9©cekuk9yPz¾hzvwxdgy?dà | ¼ , ¿iÈ ! .ºyPzvk9fgc¾hzvwxytf7Ù} È,¼ºÂ¿d<k9c | ( & ®Vwxk9otsu * + ¼ . ¿ 3 " 4*)¼ ¿ 5 3 " :¼ ¿ ¼º<¿ . +-,. 1 0. " (&. . 1 1 .. 1. . 798 1 1 .. 1. !. !!wx<k9y zv hzze©kzvwxjkÍPk9cew½_hzew½<kwu2psdgjtrtzek×ÃÄdgc@h*psdgy uzihyPz 1 hy 7ze hz!| ( & P d<kuytdgz@Pk §k y . dgyÀzetkzew½jk , tzvtkjhttw½ytf Ù}§È,¼¶Â¿w½yPzvdg*. 1 5 1 ¼ ; 1 > , ¿@hy±¬ze©kwqVk9yPzvwxz® ; 1 5. 1. p9hyÀÊ kr uk¬zvdzvcihy±u ÃÄdgcvj.
(58) =3 C"< 4'C%$ 2IEC"! $ 68<8& l . ,. . . . ;1 0. $. 391 " 41 )e¼ .. $. ¿ ;1. 5 . $. Õ^wxy±hoxo½®<Pw½yPzvk9fgc¾hzvwxytf7Ù} ÈL¼e ·Â¿@ÊP® hcvziu8oxkh_tuzed * ; , . 1 $. 4*1 )e¼ .. . 0. . 0. . h . h $ . 0. . . h $. . ¿ "
(59) 1 ¼ , ¿ . . . . .
(60). ¿ "
(61) 1 ¼ , ¿ . ¼e_¿. .
(62). ¿ " 3 1 F ;1 F F F ^ ^ ^ ¦8tk9cvk + | & ¼ , ¿5 + | & ¼ , ¿ + | & ¼ , ¿¾,hy± F 5 F ¼ ; > I ¿@wqu!zetkb8u h k ÃÄrty pszvwxd_yPks{ ytk"hz ze©k×<k cezek Ç Q hy ¹h_ueudVpawqhzvk¬¦8w½zeze©k×zvcewhytf_oxk ×È Ü { ciuzd_ciPk9c{±ytwxzvk×<d_oxrtjkPwuepscvk9zew &hzvwxd_ydà f_d<kuhguÃÄdgo½oxd¦!su * 5 . . 0 , a¼ . > . > 1 ¿ ¼e ¿ 5. . . 78. :?¼. ¼e ·Â¿. .
(63). 41)¼.. $ . ¿"1¼,¿. 4*1 )e¼ .. $. 93 " :?¼ ¿ 798 1 1 . ; 1. . $. . 1 .. . . . . . . . . . . !. #". . . . $%'&. . )(. . ¦8tk9cvk Pk9ytd_zekuze©k7hcekhdÃ@zetk7psd_yPzvced_o2<dgo½rtjk jkhgur©cekÀhz*zew½jk , V 1 ¼ , ¿!Pk ytdgzvku*h u±hzewhotjkhyghoxrtk@dÃ~ze©k8ytdgcvjhoVzed + | ^ & ¼ , ¿¾zvtk8zew½oqPk@urt k9ciuvpscew½tzPkuwxf_y hzvku2hzvk9j dgc¾hoVjkhy _ho½rtkÊ k9z¦@k9k9y , ³hy , 9Phy Pk9y©dgzekuhyPr©jk9cewp9ho<² rtÇ ÃÄrty pazewxd_yzv hzÍht©cedÇPw½jhzvku^zvtk ÃÄdgo½oxd¦8wxy©f7}Âr hyPzvwxz® * | ^&. *. . . . ". +$%'&. i¼ . > .. ,$. % &. . >)( 1. ¿. -,. . . $.0/1 $. h $. 41)¼.. ¿"1¼,¿. ¼e ¿.
(64). ÁV¦8wxy Pw½ytf!wqu,wxyVzecedVVr pskÊV®×k ÇPzvk9y Pw½ytf!)d<k ýu2httcedÇVwxjhzek8wxk jhytyudgox<k c |9 <zvd*P®Vy hjwqp jkutku@hy Àpsdgj©rtzew½ytf h_u
(65) ÃÄdgoxo½d¦!us* i¼ . > . > 1 ¿25 4*1 )e¼ . ¿ 0 41 )e¼ . ¿ " 1 ¼eaP¿ ¼ ¿ ¼ . > . > 1 t¿ 4¼ % 1 " 1 ¿ " . . " ¦8tk9cvk wqu@)d<"k üu
(66) jkhy7ghoxrtk]dÃXze©k² rtÇ<hgpsd_ÊtwqhyjhzvcewxÇ + M + 1 ¼ . ¿ wqu2zvtkwqVk9yPzvwxz®jhzecvwxÇ~ hy±zvtkPdgz8©cedVPr paz % 1 " 1 wupsd_jtrtzvkhgu8urtfgf_kuzvk¬cvkpsk9yVzeo½® ÊP. ®Ú ü»³d_ytf<h hy !!rtwxo½oqhc¾ |g =* .. $% &. $. % &. . )(. . . 354. . )(. . 2(. . (. 2(. . . 76. 86. 3. 4. 9(. :(. .
(67) .
(68) . .
(69) . %(. " 5 ¼ % =¼ z ¿ 0 % ¼ z ' e¿ ¿B" 1 1 1 1 1 (. . . (. . . . t=t. n. t=t. ¿!¼ºuk kÕXwxfgr©cek¿¾È. n+1. Si. P1ij. Si. ¼e ¿ . + | ^ & ¼ , 0 , . ¦8tk9cvk z hy ?z ' hcek*zetk*k9y± d_wxyVziu8dÃzvtk*Êtwx´¶uk9f_jk9yVz . .
(70) . Sj Si. P2ij. Õ^w½fgrtcvk *Lndgjtrtzihzew½dgydà % 1 " 1 (tkpsdgyVzecvdgo,<d_oxrtjk]hcvkh wurt~thzvk¹r uw½ytf ze©k³ÃÄd_oxo½d¦8w½ytf{ ytw½zek*<dgo½rtjk]uepitk9jk * . *. . 5. . 0. !". ,. . ¼e l¿. ":( 1 1 %(. . tÕ dgoxo½d¦8wxytfzvtk8¸?Á*tn@Åzekpitytw}Ârtkukpsd_y dgc¾Pk9ch_p9psrtc¾hgps®wquXhgpitwxk <k×w½yk9ÇVtcekueuw½dgy¼v9¿ Pwh htwxkpsk9¦8wquk*oxwxy©khcw½yPzvk9ce d_oqhzvwxd_y?dÃ@zetk7uzihzeku . hy . hzzvtk wxyVzek9cöhgpskÊ k9z¦k9k9ypsk9o½oqu| hy±D | È (©wqu
(71) cvk}<rtwxcvku^ze©kk9_hoxr hzewxd_ydà zetk!fgc¾hgPw½k9yVzdà zetk]ud_oxrtzvwxd_yhz@khgpi<k cezek Ç hgu2ÃÄdgo½oxd¦!us* ¼ 3 ¿ " Q Q 5 . . 0 1 . 1 ¼e g¿ . 5 . ¼ 3 1 . ¿ " Q 1 Q ¦8tk9cvk . 5.¼ < >@ >C?> W ¿ F m w½y×d_zetk c^¦@dgci©us9ze©k
(72) w½yPzvk9ce d_oqhzvwxd_ywquL k9cÃÄdgcvjkd_yze©k
(73) ©P®©uwp9ho _hcvwqhÊ©oxku^w½y uzvkhg dÃ~zvtkpadgy uk9ce_hzvwx<k@ghcewhÊto½kusÈ (©k!httcvdÇPw½jhzvkytdVthoLf_cihgVwxk9yVziu¼ 3 1 . ¿ hcvk dgÊ©zihw½ytkr uw½ytf7 h ,´¶psdgjÊ©wxy hzewxd_ydÃ@psk9yVzek cekhy ÃÄr©oxox®7rtV¦8wxy f_cihgVwxk9yVzivu * ¼ 3 1 . ¿ 5.¼e
(74) 2¿i¼ 3 1 . ¿ $ 0
(75) ¼ 3 1 . ¿ ~ ¼e µÂ¿ (tk ho|ÃÄ´ÄrtP¦8w½y ?uepitk9jk¼ 5 ¿8wuuw½jtox®dgÊtz¾hwxy©k¹ÊP®Àjkhy u)dÃÍho½wxytkhc!wxyVzek9cv§d_oqhzewxd_y dÃÌzetk !]ho½k9ceÛVwxyf_cih_Pwxk9yVziu8padgjtr©zekd_y¹kh_pzvcewqhytfgo½k*dà | * . . . . . . . . . . .
(76) =3 C"< 4'C%$ 2IEC"! $ 68<8& µ 3 1 . . . 3 1. 5 1. 5. hy±¬ze©kpak9yPzvk9cekfgc¾hgPw½k9yPz*¼ 3. 1.. . ". F ;1. . ;1. {r8 ¼ ¿. ¼e ¿. . {r8 ¼j| ^ ¿ F F . c 3 1 c F c c ¿ ¼ 5T·<¿wufgwx<k yÊP®hyV®<kpszvdgczv hz!<k9cvw|{ kuv* ¼ 3 1 . ¿ " Q 1 Q 5 . . . &. . . $. º¼ _·Â¿ (tk*ukpsdgy±zvk9cej Thy zvtkze©wxci7zek9cvj 4dÃ>Ù} ÈL¼vg¿w½y pso½r Pk!zetk*padgyVzecew½Êtrtzvwxdgy±u dÃÌzetk*Ê dgrty±thcv®¹padgy Pw½zew½dgy u8hy ¹hcek*k9_ho½r hzvk¹h_u
(77) ÃÄdgoxo½d¦!us* C !#1"C"< *Âzvtk!ytdg´¶uo½wxpsd_y Pw½zewxd_ywu2k9yPÃÄdgc¾psk ¦8wxzvhuzecvdgytf*ÃÄdgcvjrtohzvwxdgy7hy zvtk9cekaÃÄdgcek ze©kpadgcecvku d_y Pwxy©fÊ dgr©y thcv®¹w½yPzvk9fgc¾hoLw½y wuytdgz8k9ÇVto½wqpsw½zeox®7padgjtr©zekLÈ 8! ".C"!#1 "$
(78) ".+ !'1"C"<B& 6 ?*thzzvtkukÊ dgrty ©hcew½kus~h tcekpawquk³uk9z8dÃpsd_j hzewxÊ©oxk!k9ÇPzvk9cew½dgc thzih8ze hz2Pk §k y ×d_yze©k̲±d¦ cek9f_wxjk>hy *zetk<k9o½dVpswxz®]Pwxcvkpszvwxdgy]jr uzLÊ k8u kpsw|{±kLÈ9¥!k9cek< h ,B ? 7 &)!%?² r©Ç?u©oxwxzvzew½ytfwqu]htto½wxk¹Ê k9z¦@k9k9y¹k ÇPzvk9cew½dgc*thzihhy± w½yPzvk9cew½dgc!ghoxrtkusÈ,¸¹d_cek7u kpaw|{~p9hoxo½®< ze©k×Ê d_rty thce®wxyVzek9f_ciho wuk9_ho½r hzvkr uw½ytf7hytdgy©´écvks² kpszvwx<k<k ciuw½dgydÃ2zvtk² r©ÇP´¶uto½wxzvzewxy©f dÃÍ<zek9f_k9c!hy±É hcvjwxy©f |9 =* 41 )e¼ . ¿ "
(79) ¼ , ¿ 5 ) ¼ . >
(80) ¼ , ¿v¿ " . 0 ) ¼ . >
(81) ¼ , ¿v¿ " . ¼ºV¿ 1 1 1 $. . . . . . *.
(82). . . . . h $. . 3. 3. $. Õ^wxy±hoxo½®<tze©kVwquepadgr u8wxyVzek9f_ciho wqu8k9_hoxr±hzek¬r uwxytfhpsoqh_ueuwp9ho !]ho½k9ceÛVwxy{ ytw½zekk9oxk9jk9yPz 8b jk9zvtdVLÈ(tkpsd_j dgytk yPz¾u×dÃ!zvtkuzecekueuzek y ud_c7hy ze©d<ukdà 3 F hcekÀpsd_y uz¾hyVz wxykh_p zecvwqhytfgo½k<È(tk<k9oxdVpawxz® <kpszvdgcw½yÀhzvcewqhytfgo½k*wqu8psd_jtrtzvkhgu
(83) ÃÄd_oxo½d¦!uv* l F 5 l c F c hy±¬ze©k×Vwquvpsdgr±u
(84) ² rtÇVku8hcvkhttcvdÇVwxjhzekhguÃÄdgo½oxd¦!c su * . . . . ¦8tk9cvk . 7 F. hy . . : 1 ¼ ³¿65 " : 1 ¼ . ¿ " 3 F ; 5 { 8 1 F Q F hcvkzvtkpsdgy uzihyPz8_ho½rtku8dÃ7¼ . RR . + + H 7 F + F 0 Q F + I F J ; ¿Íhy Q ¼ . ¿wxyzvtk*zecvwqhy©fgoxk. ¼ ¿ . (tk*cekurto½zewxy©f7uk9jw½´ºVwquepacek9zvk)² r©wq² d¦ k}Âr hzew½dgy u!p9hyÊ k*¦8cew½zezek y¹h_us*. *È .
(85) .
(86) . .
(87) .
(88) . . . , 0 ¼ . ¿ 5T·. Ø kp9hr uk*wxz8o½k9y tuw½ziuk9o|Ã>zed7jhguvuw½<k hc¾ho½oxk9o½wqujgzetk*ÃÄdgo½oxd¦8wxytf7´ºuzek9À_hcewhyVzdÃze©k×k ÇPto½wqpsw½z 8rtytfgk ´º»rtzvzih7hoxf_dgcvwxze©jwqu8uk9oxkpazekÃÄd_czvwxjk!wxyVzek fgcihzew½ytf zetkhʧd<k*k}<r hzvwxd_y us* . q 5 . 5 . ¼ , 5
(89) , ¿ , ¼ ¿ p 5 r>¾ >i q ¼º_¿ 5 . . . . . c .. . ". . . . . 5 . . 0. . c. . . c . ". . (twquuepitk9jkwqu*dÃÄ zek y"cvksÃÄk9cecvk?zed?h_uhoxd¦8´ºuzed_cihf_kÀ)rty©fgk9´¶»rtzez¾h¹ho½fgd_cewxzvtj;Ê kp9hr ukd_ytox® ze©k*ud_oxrtzvwxdgyÀhz8ur©Ê uzvk9Xp¨wquytk9kVkzed7padgjtr©zek8ze©kdgytkhz!urtÊ uzek9 p È( tkpsd<kpsw½k9yVziu . hcvk*zetkuz¾hy ©hci?8rtytf_k9´¶»³r©zezih7psd<kpsw½k9yPz¾uhy hcekfgw½<k9yÊV®* c 5 p c (tk8hÊ d<kzvwxjk2w½yPzvk9fgc¾hzvwxdgyhoxfgd_cew½zetj wu zvtwxc¾dgciVk9c2h_p9psrtc¾hzvk
(90) w½y*zetk@oxwxy©khcXp9h_uk<hy ukpsd_y dgc¾Pk9c!h_p9psrtc¾hzek*w½y¬zvtk*fgk9y©k9ciho,ytdgyt´Äoxw½ytkhcp9h_uk<È . L &. " ". .ºyËzvtwqu¦@dgcvÛL@hy4rty±uzecvr pszvrtcek4V®Py hjwqp ² rtwqËjku¨wqu cek tcekuk9yVzek¨ÊP®«h" uk9r Pd¯uzecvr pszvrtciho jdVPk o¼ºuk k<±ÃÄd_ck9Ç©hj©oxk<©Ø8hzew½y h | Ä¿¦8©k9cekGh{~pszvwxzew½dgr u8oxw½ytkhcutcew½ytfwqu]hgueudVpswqhzek¹¦8w½ze?kh_p kPf_kpsdgyty©kpszew½ytf z¦d² r©wqfgcvwq dgwxyVziu Q hy± Q hy±¬wqu8hzezvcewxÊ©rtzekzvtkÃÄdgoxo½d¦8wxytf7uzew|ª~ytkueus* ¼º_¿ p 5
(91) ¼; ; ¿' 0 ¼I I ¿' (tkf_cewq dgw½yPz¾u
(92) oxdVp hzekd_yzetk]Pd¦8y uzecekhj hy r© uzvcekhj0Ê dgr©y thcvwxku@hcvktk9o×{ ÇPkL-È (tk jd_zewxd_ydÃ!zvtd<uk§d_wxyVziuo½dVp9hzvkdgy¨zetk¦8ho½oÊ dgr©y thcv®wqu Vk9zek9cvjwxy©k¬ÃÄced_j'zvtk¦8hoxo@jdgzvwxdgy hy±§Æ9d_c PksÃÄd_cejhzew½dgy,È Ü8zkh_p?zvwxjkuzvk9 , Lzetk y©k9¦.§duw½zewxd_y"dÃ@zetk w½yPzvk9cew½dgc!fgcew d_wxyVziuwu Pk9zvk9cejwxytk×ÃÄcvdgj(zvtk*ud_oxrtzvwxd_y¬dÃ>hPwutohgpsk jk9yVzPcew½<k9y7 uk9r±Pd uzecer±pszertc¾ho~tced_Êtoxk9jVwqh*hz¦dg´ uzvk9w½zek9c¾hzew½<k8tcedVpakPrtcvk<ÈVÕ^wxc¾uz9<zvtk*Pwutohgpsk9jk9yPz¾u dÃ2zvtk!wxyVzek9cvwxdgcf_cewq7§d_wxyVziu@hcek]tcekVwqpszvkÊV® k9ÇVzec¾h dgohzew½ytf ze©kשcek9Vwxd_r uPwutohgpsk jk9yVziu2hz8zewxjkuzek9 u , hy± , )w½yzetk!ÃÄdgoxo½d¦8wxytf jhytytk9dc * ; 5T ; ; ¼ºP¿ I 5T I I ¦8wxzv ; 5 ; ; VÈ~Úk9ÇVz9Pzvtk hÊ d<ktcekPwqpszvwxd_y uhcekGpsdgcvcekpszvk¦8wxzv?hÃÄk9¦ k9ÇP©oxwqpawxz8<h_psdgÊ©w cek oqhÇ©hzvwxd_y udgyÀzetkuz¾hzvwqpk}<rtwxo½wxÊtcvwxrtj(k}<r hzewxd_y u8hguÃÄdgo½oxd¦!us* . . . . (. (.
(93) =3 C"< 4'C%$ 2IEC"! $ 68<8&. 9·. . ; . . . 5. . . . ¼º_¿. . ( I p I 5 p . . Õ^w½y ho½ox®<<ze©k×y©k9¦ d<uwxzew½dgy u!hcvkpsdgj©rtzekhgus*. . p ( ; p . . . . . ; 5 ; 0 ; I 5 I I 0. ¼º_l¿. 2
(94) «A 4 9 G 2
(95)
(96) . . . t ! ? . . ! R #" "". tÕ ced_jÙ}VusÈL¼vga´º_¿itw½z
(97) ÃÄd_oxoxd¦!uze hzdgr©c² rtwqudgo½<k9c@psdgyVzihwxy ukueuk9yVzewqhoxo½®z¦dÛ<k9ceytk oqu2dÃXk9o½k9jk9y©´ zihce®Àpsd_jtrtz¾hzew½dgy uatdgytkÃÄd_czvtk padgyV<kpszew½<k)²±rtÇPkus~hy zetkdgze©k9cÃÄdgc!ze©k Pw ªLr±uwx<k*d_ytkusÈ~Ødgzv z®P k2dÃ~psd_jtrtz¾hzew½dgy u~p9hy*Ê k@Pkuvpscew½Ê§khgu,zetcvk9k9´¶uzvk9*uk}Ârtk y psku dézetk2ÃÄdgcvj
(98)
(99) !
(100)
(101) §È Ï 0#%'& ÏV¡ Ï K )#" "= $ CXÏ?£<Ó ~ÏP£g ~< (tk k9_hoxr hzewxd_y?dÃ@ze©k7ukpsd_y ¹zek cej dà %w½yÙ}§ÈX¼e_¿8r uwxytfzvtkyVrtjk9cvwqp9ho§² r©Ç¬ÃÄrty pazewxd_y ¼vsP¿]¦8wxzv"zvtkukpsd_y d_ciPk chttcvdÇVwxjhzew½dgy?d_rtzeo½wxytk¹w½yÙ} È2¼e g¿³p9hyÊ kurtjjhce'w & khgu ÃÄdgo½oxd¦!su * ( 5 i¼ > > ¼ , ¿e¿ 4)e¼ ¿ " ¼ , ¿ 1 . 1 . . 1 ¼º g¿ $. % &. . ¦8tk9cvkA*. *. . (. . $%'&. 5 )( . .
(102). h. . ¼ , ¿N5 1 . ,. . h $. 5. 1
(103). 1. $. ¼,¿. 0 1' ¼,¿. ¼º_µÂ¿. Ùueuk yPzvwqho½ox®< dgy©k9´ºVwxjk9y±uwxd_y ho,k oxk9jk yPz¾hce®psd_yP<kpazewx<k!² rtÇVkuhcvk7psdgjtrtzek¹hz]zetk w½yPzvk9ciukps´ zew½dgy4Ê k9z¦k k9yËzvtkpsdgyVzecvdgo!<dgo½rtjku | ¼ , ¿7hy± | ¼ , ¿ ¼ºuk kÕ^wxf_rtcekÀP¿iÈÍÙ
(104) h_p4k oxk9jk yPz¾hce®?² rtÇ psd_yPzvcewxÊ©rtzeku zed h ² r©Ç°Ê±hoqhy pskhzzvtk¹Ê dgr©y thcv®ËdÃzvtk?padgyVzeced_o8<dgo½rtjk | ¼ , ¿iÈ (twqu Ê hoqhy±psk wxyV<dgo½<kuze©k7hgp9psr©jrtohzvwxdgyd<k9c!zetk7uk9zdÃy©k9wxf_PÊ dgcvwxytf<k9cezvwqpsku -¼ /¿8dÃ8hoxo padgjtr©zek² rtÇVkusÈ .
(105)
(106) .
(107) . **
(108) . . . .
(109)
(110) . . g.
(111) . O ' . Q . . 6 . . ' . O . . Q . . Õ^wxf_rtcek* * ÙÌ_hoxr hzewxd_y¹dÃ@h psdgyV<kpszvwx<k8² rtÇhoxd_ytfhy¹kVfgk Q > Q
(112) Õtced_jzetk³ukpsd_y dÃ@Ù}VusÈ~¼º _¿itw½zÃÄdgoxo½d¦!uze hz8dgyto½® ( y©k9ktuzvd ʧkpsd_jtrtzvkw½ydgc¾Pk9c8zed7rtt´ thzekzvtk² rtÇʱhoqhy psku!hz!ze©k×z¦@dk9y±P´é d_wxyVz8ytdVtho>ghoxrtkudÃkVfgk E 5 Q > Q
(113) BÈ (tk ceksÃÄd_cek< ze©kjduzkpswxk yPzX¦8h9®ÃÄdgc@k9_ho½r hzvwxytfzetk]psdgyV<kpszvwx<k2² rtÇVkuwqu2zedoxd<dgd<k c2zetk]oxwquz2dÃXzvtk!jku kPf_ku8hy±¹psd_jtrtzvk*hguÃÄdgo½oxd¦!su * . . . . ) 1 !#" % $'&( * ) ( , +.- /'0 . 2 434576 $ ? 6 2 4345@AB F -GIHJ 3!.K L 33M 5ON $ L 33M 5ON Q$. 698 ( ;:<) 6 $ 6=8 ( >: ? 6=8 ( >:D) AC ? 6 $ C A ? 6=8 ( E : $ AC N MP K N SR K. . . TVUW 1 . )#" ". $. CXÏ?Ô EX ^ ~Ï<0#%4¢ Ô Ó,Ô^¢#K A ¡¢©Ô ÄÏ & ÏV¡ Ï. K. .ºy¹zvtk*oqhguzzvk9cej dÃ
(114) Ù
(115) } È,¼e_¿¾§zvtkk9o½k9jk9yVzihce®7Pw ª~r uw½<k³²±rtÇ : 1 ¼ ³¿wupsd_y uz¾hyVzw½y¹kh_p zecvwqhytfgo½k *Ⱥ. ziu8k9_ho½r hzvwxdgyÀcek}<rtw½ceku8h_p9pskuvuwxy©fzvtk_ho½rtku8dÃzvtk©P®©uwp9hoXuzihzvk . hzzvtkzvtcek9k. <k9cvzewqpaku Q . Q. . . hy . . Q * c. . (tk_ho½rtku2dNà 7 hy *È3(tk7urtj;u®Pj7Ê dgF oXwxy . . . : 1 ¼ ¿25 ? : 1 ¼ . ¿ " 3 1 F ; 1 ¼º_¿ F + F Q + F 5 {r8 ¼ ¿ Hr7 F + 0 F +ImJ ; Q F padgyVzecew½Êtrtzvk8zedzvtk*Pw ª~r uw½<k² rtÇVkuhz8ho½o zetcvk9k<k cezewpsku^dÃ,zvcewqhytfgo½k .wquhpsoxkhcw½y Pwp9hzvwxdgy?dÃÍhfhzvtk9cd_§k cihzvwxd_y,È^noxkhceo½®< zetk jduz.
(116) =3 C"< 4'C%$ 2IEC"! $ 68<8&. 9. kpswxk yPz2¦Íh9®ÃÄdgck ghoxr hzew½ytfzvtkpadgyV<kpszew½<k
(117) ² r©ÇPku2wu
(118) zedoxd<d_d<k9czetk!oxwuzdÃXzvtkjku zecvwqhy©fgoxku hy±¹psd_jtrtzvk*hguÃÄdgo½oxd¦!us* c. G I3 2 F L L L. . 434576 $ 698 ( -GIHJ 3! F ) ( F 33M 5 $ MP 33M 5 Q$ P 33M 5 $ P. TVUW 1 . c. c. ) 1 $ &( * ) ( ) ( + - / 0 c. ;:<) 6 Q $ 6=8 ( : ) 6 c. $ 698 (. c. :. . ? 8 :. ? 8 :. ? 8 :. c. (tk7k9_hoxr±hzew½dgydÃ!zetk7 ho|ÃÄ´ÄrtP¦8w½y ?ytdVtho@fgc¾hgPw½k9yPz7¼v9¿!ÃÄdgo½oxd¦!uzetkuvhjk7padgjtr©zihzvwxd_y ho. hzezek ceyÀPkuvpscew½Ê§k¬hÊ d<kÈ. " !96gj
(119) mj " "g6 !6"g"- !6-#" " " !96R .ºyh_tPw½zewxd_yzvd*k pawxk9y pa®hy hc¾hoxo½k9o uvp9hohÊtw½oxwxz®< dgcvzihÊ©wxoxw½z® u©dgrtoÊ khjhd_cpsd_y psk9cvy,ÈgÉ4wxzv =. ze©ktced_oxw ÃÄk9cihzewxd_y¨dópsdgj©rtzek9chcipitwxzvkpszer©cekua w½zwu×kuvuk9yVzewhozvdhgPd_tzh¹tced_fgcihjjw½ytfjdVPk9o ze±hzPd<ku ytdgz7cek}<rtw½cekcvk9¦8cew½zewxy©f?zetd_r uehy tudÃ*oxw½ytkudÃ×psdVPkm d_ck <k9y¦d_ciuk<ho½zek9cvwxytf?zvtk hc¾p©wxzekpszertc¾ho2ÃÄdgr©y thzvwxd_y udÃ]hÀpsdVPkm k9<k9ce®?zvwxjkGh¹ytk9¦( hcihoxoxk o
(120) ©cedVpskuvud_c k9jk9cvfgkuaÈ,¥k9cvk< ¦khcekytk9wxzvtk9cceksÃÄk9cvcew½ytfzedPw ªLk cek9y paku×Ê k9z¦k k9y"©cedgf_cihjjwxy©f¬ohytf_r hf_kus2y©dgc zedVw|ª~k9cek y psku Ê k9z¦k9k yzetkjrto½zew½zer Pk dñhcihoxo½k9ok9ÇVzek y uw½dgy uzvdh?u kpsw {~ptcvdgfgc¾hjjwxytfoqhytfgr±hfgkÈ
(121) Ékhcvk jd_cekpsdgy±psk9cey©khÊ dgrtz]zetkwxj h_pszdÃ@h fgwx<k y¬±hcihoxo½k9o, hc¾P¦8hcek7hcipitwxzvkpszer©cekd_y¹ze©k udÃÄz¦8hcvk Pkuwxf_y,Xhy udgjk zewxjk9ua§d_y"zvtkudgo½rtzew½dgy¨hoxfgd_cew½zetj;w½ziuk o|ÃvÈ,Õtdgc*k9Ç©hjtoxk<~hthz¾h¬ hcihoxoxk opadVPk ¦8cew½zezvk9y°ÃÄd_czetkn@¸¹´¶"d_c n@¸¹´¶"jh_p©wxytku padgrtoËcek}<rtwxcvkjhdgc7cek hrto½wxytf ʧkaÃÄdgcekÀwxzp hy4Ê k hg©htzvkzedhy¨wbÍ©n(psd_jtrtzvk9c9ÈXÜ0±hcihoxo½k9ox´¶Pdg´Äoxd<d_ËÊ h_uk¨psdVVk¹p hyÊ kkhguwxo½®" dgcvzek¨h_pscedueu Pw ªLk cek9yVzzvcertku hcvk4jk9jd_ce®jrto½zew½tcedVpskueud_ciua2Êtrtzjh9®cek}Ârtw½cekurtÊ uzihyPzvwqho*jdVVw|{~p9hzew½dgy u Ê ksÃÄdgcvk*wxz!p9hy¹cer©y¹ur p9pskueu ÃÄr©oxox®7dgyud_jk*PwuzecvwxÊtr©zekjk9jdgcv®7u®©uzvk9jusÈ Ø8hguk°d_yËdgr© c v hy ©udgy ?k9ÇV k9cew½k9y psk¦8w½ze h"Pd &9k9y¨dÃ×Pw|ª~k9cvk9yPz ±hcihoxo½k9o8tcedVpakueudgciua
(122) ¦@k Ê k9oxw½k9<kzv hz@zetk!jku hcvzew½zewxd_ytwxy©f hy±jkuvuehf_k9´Ä hguvuwxy©foxkhg zed d_cezihÊtoxk³udÃÄz¦Íhcek]Pkuwxf_y uÌÃÄd_c hciho½oxk9o>psd_jtrtz¾hzew½dgy ho,jkpi hy©wqp9uaÈtÙueuk9yPzvwqhoxox®tzetkrty Pk9cvox®Vwxytf jkuwqu]hgueurtjkzvdÊ k hcvzewx´ zew½dgytk¹wxyVzeduk9<k9ciho2urtÊtjkutkua§khgpiPks{ ytw½ytfhur©ÊLVdgjhwxy,È (©k7uehjk ed_oq Àuk9cvwqho2psdVVkp9hy Ê k*k9ÇPkpsrtzek¦8wxzvtwxyk9<k9cv®urtÊ~Pdgjhwxy BÈ (tkhgueuk9j7Êtox®7dÃzvtkurtÊ~Pd_jhw½ycekurtoxz¾u8p9hyÀʧk*w½jtoxk ´ jk9yVzek¹wxy¨h?uk9 hc¾hzvkudÃÄz¦Íhcvk¬jdVPrtoxkhy±¯d_tzew½j'w & k¬ÃÄdgcGh¹fgwx<k y"jh_p©wxytk<È (twquhttcvd<h_p k9yPÃÄd_cipskuשhzih¹o½dVp9ho½wxz®<~hy zetk9cvksÃÄdgcvkwuurtwxz¾hÊto½kÃÄd_c ho½o hc¾hoxo½k9o2 hciP¦Íhcvkhc¾ptw½zekpazertcvkusÈ,Õtd_c k9Ç©hj©oxk<a¦k±h<k@utd¦8y wxy Vze hz^ÃÄdgc>rty uzvcer pazertcvk×jkutkuaszvtwqu2httcvd<hgpi tcvdVPr psku>urtÊ uzihyt´ zewho½ox®Ê k9zezvk9c*§k cÃÄdgcvjhy±pskcvkurto½ziud_y"zvtk7»V8´e7ze hy"zvtk7hgp9paoqhw½jkVwxcezvr hoÌu hcek?jk9jd_ce® tcvdgfgc¾hjjwxytf!jdVPk9o¶ÈgÚ!dgzek8zv hzw½y zetwu
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