The 1960 population census of Egypt (UAR): United Arab Republic

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ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRIC~

CONFERBNCE ON AFRICAN STATISTICIANS SBCOND CONFElll:NCB

.n:mJl, 1961

'lUNIS, Tll!TISu.

Provisional Agenda Item No.

5

(b)

TBB 1960 POPULATION CENSUS OF EGYPT ( UAR )

(Submitted by the Department of Statistios, Cairo, UAR)

61-894

-"~"~~-~--~- ."'~--,..

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TEE 1960 POPULATION 'CENSUS OF EGYPT ( UAR ) 1. Introduction

It is known that the ~cient Egypti~s conducted population oensuees for administrativs, politioal ~d sooial purposes, but the first population oensus of Egypt in the modern sense of the term was oonduoted in 1882 and the seoond in 1897.' Thereafter a deoennial oensus was regularly held up to 1947. The 1960 oensus is the first of a new series in the UAR.

Population Censuses of Egypt (UAR), 1882 - 1947

Census year 1882 1897 1907 1917 1927 1937 1947

?ioPUlati~) ^{6.8 9.7} 11.3 12.7 14.2 ,15.9 18.9 Millions

2. Census date

It was planned to conduct the eighth population oensus of Bgypt in March 1957. Preparations for it were'started in Ootober 1956; but the Suez Canal crisis, whioh occurred shortly after that time, created a problem of internal migration coupled with

difficulty in providinc the necessary staff for oolleoting the oensusdata. It was then deoided to postpone the oensus to a later date.

The Statistioal Department had' to oonsider the following questions before it decided to oonduct the eighth population ceneus during 1960:

(a) the avai1 ability of eenior statistioians to take over the key poste in the oensus bureau;

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(b) the time required for training field staff from inside anel outside the Department;

(0) 1jhs implementation of _t~e, programme for the establish- ment of regiona.l statistical officesl

(d) the measures taken to unify regiona.lfrontiersl (e) the genera.liza.tion of the identi ty oara.~YBi;eill; and·

(f) .the time required for re-designing the oensus forms and testing the variouS operations."

After it had been decided to oonduct the osnsus in the two 1:'egions of the UARsimultaneously, the night of 20/21 September

1960 was ohosen as ·the. censUS elate, 3. Census design and oensus operations

At the beginnirtg of'1951 theCerttr8J. 51;&1;istioal Committee appointed a sub-committee to study the oensus plan, inoluding

o~jeotives, definitions, training programmss, design of forms 'annola.asifioations. The Statistioal Department was charge

a

with

···thetas!l;-ofpreparing studi~.s of:t:lle .folloWing proVision of 1;he requireel'censUB staff,' their job elescriptions, timing of the . various . operations; ·instructionmanua.ls,budget, fi:n:a.l tables,

transport facilities, wage rates, publicity programmes, etc.

4. Legislation

, ... ' Current statistics and periodio censuses in the UAR ere ...I'.:f'';;

.orgariizedunder Act. No. 35. of 1960, which stip11l.atesthat the oonduct'of oensusesmust be based on the deoision of the Central . S1;atistica.l Committee. Aocorciing to that Aot, the collected data

are oonsidered confidential and sanptions are imposed on those who reveal them or refuse 1;0 submit them to the authorized organizat~

Aspecia.l Act, No. 159, was enacted for the 1960 population oensus, stipulating the census. date, oensus procedures, measures for the proVision of oensus staff and their wage rates, eto.

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5.

Budejet

Aocording to the popula.tion census budget a total expenditure of ~ E. 500,000 will be inourred over a period of three years.

This total is allocated aa follcws:

Breakdown of Total Expenditure on the 1960 Population Census by Stage of Work

(£ E. thousands)

Stage hpenditure hr'~~it~~^aa

Preparatory stage 16 3

Field work 270 54

Prooessing 174 35

Printing 40 8

TOTAL 500 ¹⁰⁰

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6.. Trainine

A programme baaed on the so-called "ohain system" waa formulated for training the oensus staff. Central training of the seniors took pla.oe in Cairo for a month. These trained seniors were made responsible for training the other members of the census staff under their supervision in the various areas.

The training period wa.s 4 da.ye for "enumerators" and 7 for

"assistants" and "team leaders" (registrars). The training programme gave equal weight to both theory and praotioe.

7. Census staff

The persons engaged in oensus operations are conoerned with

(1)

Field work, and (B) Prooessing. Below is a table showing

their number, posts, working area, working days and permanent jobs.

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Persons Engaged in 1960 Population Census

.

Number Working !l.l1ea., .Working

, d""vs

.. .-

.3

-

¹⁵⁰

.1^{. -} .3 Governorates 120 :)0 _Il.~.,:>vernorate 120

210 Markaz/Kism 120

650 A number of 13

villages/Shes.k:ha<

50bo' Nahia/Shes.k:hat 55 21000 300 household '" 20

250

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.'."

Staff members of the Dept •

"

II

II

"

"

Permanent job

Staff member of the Dept.

with previous experienoe in census operations

Teachers of .primary schools Civil servants

"

. "..-

3taff mc~bers of'Dept.

of Statistios

&:

Census Chiefs of regiona4

statistioal offioes &: staff members of th.e Dept.

Staff.members of the Dept.

Headmasters of primary sohools

A single operation 5

.3 Post·

~. ^{FIELD WORK} Direotor &:

Sub-direotor Supervisor.

RegiQn~J, ^, Offioer

Inspeotor Assistant

-- - -

Team leader Enumerator

Clerk

Is.

PROCESSING' Direotor ^&:

Sub-direotor .' Supervisor

~ecrUitedWith intermediate qualifications

Staff members of the Dept.

Controller Inspeotor Operator Clerk

"" ,.

I

11 60 1100

25

140 persons 20 persons

11 II

"

II

II II

Timing of Census stages ^{, J:}

The timing of the three main oensua stages is 'as ^followsl ( a) Designs and studies 1.11. .195'i 13.6• 1960

(b) Field work 13. 6. 1960 10.10. 1960

( 0) Processing and printing 8.10. 1960 31.12. 1961

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Enumerationteohnique and timing

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In order to avoid aDif omission or_duplioation incoQI;lllcting the reCluired l!ata for ea.eh person, the enumeration prooess :walJodivided into se'll'eral oonseoutive stages. .A. group of gensua staff had to. implement the plan for. llaoh stagll in. all arllas ,at ag;Lven time.

Stages of the Enumeration Prooess by Time Taken

Enumera.tion Stage Timll

r:.:~)

(1) 'Classifioation of Governorates into components

(Marake.-1ksam-Sheakhat) •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 (2) Determination of roads in the field., •..•..•••^{f i .}I,'. 30 (3) Numbering the buildings of eaoh road ••••••••••••••

,

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(4) Enumeration of lodgings and Bouseholds in each building 15·

(5) Enumeration of persons in households ••.•••••I·e • • • • ...0 (6) Final oheoking of enumeration for the night of 20/21

-', .

September •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3

.

Traneport faoilities

The oensus ,direotor, Bub-director and regional officers were proTided

, .

with oars to faoilitate thsir movements in the field. Motor-boats were

. . ' i .

the means of transport provided for the census inspeotors on--the upper 11.

Nile.

Printlld sohlldules, forms, rllports etc.

In ollnsus operations, the following (a) Training books and booklets,

(b) Census sohedu1es and forms;

ana.

(0) Progress reports

'",".

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were used in printed form

-~-"---,

These weighed 82.tons, no~ to mention other material mimeographed form.

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A ten mihutes 'film enti tred "HumaniellJ. th" presllht:ediLn:a1l oinelll&s.

iearingof'thil Census badgs by all oensus sitaff.

Repeated announoements in consecutive issues of newspapers and period- ioals.

.~,:...:_.

12. Publioi ty

An amount of t E. 15,000 was appropriated.,in:.the oenlJ.1;(!l' '9uliget ., ':

.for publioity purposes. A pUblioi:tiY plan was formulated and oarried out

;.a1: variousoensus .s:tlOges bythefo;q.qwing meanss·: '" .,r ['.';...

'::'ra)

(b) (0)

_.,... ,,_. -. ^{, ,}

A variety of radio broadClaste and televisionshowS'~'-"., Announoements by loudspeaker van.

Speoia.l .post mark on internllJ..:lIIail.

{d}

Displays of ooloured posters of varioue sizes •

• .' - , , , - d " . ' •. I" ',_., "" " .," '_' ," .. "., • '

(e) Approaohes to olergymen of all denominations.

(f)?istribution of 2.5 million match cards with slogarls.

(g) (h)

(i)

,'. .

The oensus form

in~{Jdes

^l6'i

t~ms

enumerated ae 'foii6wsl

...'. ~

...

^{, .,}

·.r·

'''.'<"

.~'. ~> .:.l; , ^.

No of· , .. , , ... ,Designation. _{.. 5'0, Df} .... Designation

item item

..

b.~

^--,.

.. .·iF·..·

^._..

^_

^..~...",...-

^.

^.-,._..-.

Name 9. . _.. ~ployment statue

. 2.!:!

Rela.tion to head of houeehold :0.... ....

^:.,y....

^{j ' ; .} EillioationllJ. status

1 •

J..w

R,~Hg1on

u .. !:!

Pla.oe of birth

4j!

Se:z:

12~

Marital statue

5;/

^Age

13.$.1

R:iunber of wivee

6~

^Occupation

14.E.!

Period of marria.ge,

..._...•^, .. _-.-.-'. No •.,of,b~rths" ."

, ...

OOO'lftion of hus-

,.

fr,)}

_Industry

_1~:W, 'il

^ban

'

^{. 1'1'at1ona.lity}

'a~

Duration of present main^; l6 a

Infirmi,W oocupation

,

..

!I.

For ever,v'perlon.

.. "lit.

,F.or pl}rElp.ns ,0f 6 years or more.

if"

For persons of 14 year. or 'more. '",'.'.

.,

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For persons of 10year~ormore.

':~For males o:t 18 yea.rs or more and

II .

l'or married Moslem males

if

For ma.rried fema.les.

14. Def'1nition of household

females of 16 yea.rs ormors

By a household is meant a. person or e. number of persons who live together, i.e. sha.re the same housing unit, the same food••• eto.

(servants and guests are included).

15. Preliminary results

The field work ended on the 1st Ootober, 1960.

On

the 15th Ootober, . 1960 the preliminary results wers deolared for saoh Governorate by sex.

Population by Area. and Sex ( thousands)

Arsa Ha.les Females Total

Urban 4908 4722 9630

Rural 8045 8070 16115

Frontiers ^16') 154 314

. . .. . .

TOTAL 13113 12946

2605'

16. Some field proble~s

·),Many problema for whioh a.ppropriate solutions were devised were

'enoountered in the field work.... The following are singled out for speoial mention! .

(a)llork in some villages wa.s interrupted by transport diffioul ties due to the Nile flood during July, August and September.

(b) In the Nubs. Area, where people are soattered in hilly plaossiboats were ·theonly means of transport•.

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(0) For visitors in the M,g hotels, .who do not usually understand Arabio the'oensus questionnaires were.tJ;'anslated into various languages.

(d) Aspecial prooedure was adopted-for enumerating the armed foroes.

(e) The enumeration of nomads raised a speoial problem.

17~T1m1¥of data prooesei¥

In'the census plan it was deoid.ed to hasten the provision of the final results sinoe development planning requires up-to-date population statistios. In order to oomplete the processing of the oensus data

,~n l4.I:lonths and the provision of all the final results by the

31st December.• 1961, a decision was taken to use modern electronio machineB to engage a relatively large number of persons and to allow for working two shifts per-day (6 h9Hrseaoh). Proclassing is taJdng place in an independent building of -8- floors (32 apa;t~ents, exoluding stores) for whioh a monthly rental of £ E. 464 is paid.

Census Data prooessingl Time - Table

:,'.-'

;

Type of Processing

1m

tial dp.te .No. of peri9ns engagecrt

Daily _produotio~

per - person

., _.

6 ICillms 300 ^household

'. ...

200

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_.- ...-,._-_...

l,..,\~ceipt_, , " . ' of forms •• ","./ I 8.10-; 1960 2.._Editing of. forms, ••.••• 15.1Q~ 1960 3. Coding ••••••~... 5.11. 1960 4. Coding revision ••••••• 25.11. 1960

5.

Coding check (lo%) •••• _~.12. 1960 6. ~~ohing._••:.0"0 . . . .Ii" '_5012. 196Q

7.

Verifioation•••••••••• 15.12. 1960 8. Error ,correc.tion... L ...

?'

¹⁹⁶¹

9. Sorti~g.,••••.•••⁰ ~^{• • ,} 20. _{~C1 ~.961} 10. TabulGl;:tion , 1. 4. 1961

"'- 24 200

200 200 30 ,300 200 20

25 :

,30<L

.250 ..

75Q ,indi_{., -',-" .} vidual

750

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The persons engaged in data processing are females who were trained both theoretically and practically "for a period cf seven days.

Those engaged in punching were trained for 3 ~s. It is possible, when necessary, to transfer 'a person or a group of persons from one operation" to another,

18. Foreign aid .~ "

(a) An amount of t E. 100,000 was appropriated in the oensus budget

"' for

pa,y:l.ng the rent of statistical maohines, the cOst of punohing

cards •• eto.,

At the request of the Department of Statistioll (Oairo), the Inter- hational Oo-operation Administration of the United States of AlDerioa kindly appropriated $250,000 to expedite the data prooessing and . "'Oladean' agreement with J;BK to provide the maohines shown in the

table below:

.

,.

Maohine Type Number Rent

(US dollars)

1. Eleotrio Punch 011 156 7.5

2,. Numeric Verifier 151 160 10.0

3. Rep~04uoing Punoh 513 1 125.0

4p Gang Summary ~oh 517 4 85.\)

" . Sorter 82 12 55..0

6. Eleotronio stat. M.aohine 101 6 500.0

7. Card Punch 524 ^• 12 55.0

8.

Numerical Aooounting Maoh. 416 1 371.0

9.

Automatio Oarriage

987

1 30.0 ..

(b) Some 15 fellowships were granted to the Statistioal Department by 'UNTAB"i rCA, !LO and other internationa.l organizations. Technioa.l

staff members of the Department were thus enabled to visit other countries for studying population census teohniques before participating in the present census.

19. Data Prooessing: Working Arrangements

Prooessing work is done in the independent building mentioned above.

Working hours are as follows:

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volumes^I Final tables

","',- '. "

(a.) From _8im~

"'02

pm. and :(b) ',From 2.30 pm. to 8.30 pm •.

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,,

During

eaoh"~hiftha~i,an

_{- ' , '}hQlU'of resi(is_{•. , . . ': ;'}

allena. '

_{, , '} 1 , , ' - - . '

An inspeotor is PJlt in oharge of 12-24 perilOns 1f01'ldpg in a single

apaz:~en~~Et oontroller-"sllp~;.n

zes a wlr61efloorand a general inspeotor , \" isr~sppn~h,le'foreaoh prooessing operation.

~~"\'::"'"^{" /.,} .~~P.' ^{, .} " ';, ", ... " . . .. : ' " t

/~~"i~';"\;r:>;<;~'hciIiii~ting, ,the ..,[email protected] operati,ons, tlle fOllQ1li~ ^were

, '..,~-', , ..,.,....; ','\ . .,.' " .

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j,···r:;-'ade available: : ,. ,

--~1~;l;:"t:t~) ^. i~bO'oopi~:~1~"-the var~

\'usclassifio-&t1

;n~,

be. administratiV1I

,', h ' , '

~ .~:r:

'1:fllits"

,eeori'~~o

^aotivities,' o8oupa'tion. andeduoational ,status.

\:'{g) ; 2500 <;loptes"ot, prooe1'lsing JnetrUotions. , . ,

(i:)

³⁰⁰⁰

'uozen~i~E>'~ijd

^red:

P~~ille fC?7:,,;~eOOdiing'OP~~tion.

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(a) ,:Volume, r'li;'ncludes 75 tables at the Governorate level and/or its

su,1;l-levels. \

Volume II inoludes 53 tables at the Region'level.

Volume III includeo 31 tables at the CountrY_. le~i.· ^'

, ", :\',:,"

,other than Lre,bio.

21. Differences _bet~~0n the 1960 Cen~u.~'and ,th" 1247 oensus

c , " " ' ., . '

,. "

A.

Items _~ tables c,~udod f~om the 1960: _oensus~-

(a) O~hanhood.^{(for those} uhdBr16) beca.use (;f thJ problem of defi!1iticn.

(b) Deforrn:L-~i.D3

(0) Placo

O~ ~0rk

(d) Sect

(e) Distribution of unemployed.:'Iiera'6its~":'"''^,"

(f) llldllcati.onal ate.tus for those tind.er 10 ,;years

at .,..

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B. Charaoteristios preoisely defined in the 1960 oensusl-

(a) Employment status (in 8 main oases) for those who are aged 6 years or more

(b) Oooupation (the ISCO was adopted)

(0) Boonomic aotivity (the ISIC was adopted) (d) Infirmities in 5 main cases

C. New and detailed tables in the 1960 census

(a) New tables showing the main relations between various data in an integrated torm.

(b) The ISCO and ISIC were applied at the three-digit level.

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