الإتصال التنظيمي و علاقته بالأداء الوظيفي

1

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ

ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﻱﺭﻭﺘﻨﻤ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ

ﺎﻴﻨﻭﻔﻁﺭﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻡﺴﻗ لﻴﺠﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ... ﻲﻠﺴﻠﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻗﺭﻝﺍ ...

ﺓﺭﻜﺫﻤ

ﺓﺩﺎﻬﺸ لﻴﻨﻝ ﺝﺭﺨﺘ

ﺭﻴﺘﺴﺠﺎﻤ

) ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﻴﺫﻔﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺒ ﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﺔﺒﺎﻨﻋ ﺯﺎﻐﻠ (

ﺔﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ

:

ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻭ لﻤﻋ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ

ﺹﺼﺨﺘ :

ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﻝﺍ

ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ

:

ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﻼﺠ ﻁﻴﻁﻋﻭﺒ

ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ

:

ﺩ

.

ﻕﺍﻭﺭ

ﻱﺩﻭﻤﺤ

ﻡﺎﻤﺃ

ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻝﺍ

:

-ﺃ

.

ﺩ

/

ﺔﻠﺒﻋ ﻕﺍﻭﺭ

–

ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ

ﺓ

ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ

-ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ

-ﺎﺴﻴﺌﺭ

-ﺩ

/

ﻱﺩﻭﻤﺤ ﻕﺍﻭﺭ

–

ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ

–

ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ

-ﺎﻓﺭﺸﻤ

-ﺃ.

ﺩ

/

ﻲﻤﺸﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻜﻭﻝ

–

ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ

–

ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ

-ﺍﻭﻀﻋ

-ﺩ

/

ﺢﺒﺍﺭ ﺏﻴﺎﻌﻝﺍ

–

ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ

-ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ

-ﺍﻭﻀﻋ

2008 -2009

ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ

2

ﺀﺍﺩـــــــــــﻫﻻﺍ

:

ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘﻭ ﻪﻨﺎﺤﺒﺴ ﷲﺍ ﻭﺠﺭﺃﻭ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻰﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻱﺩﻫﺍ

ﻥﺃ

ﻪﻤﺤﺭﻴ

ﺔﻨﺠﻝﺍ لﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﻴﻭ

ﻭ

ﻩﺩﻤﻐﺘﻴ ﻥﺍ ﷲﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﺠﺍﺭ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺍ ﻁﺎﻬﻠﺴ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻰﻝﺍ

ﺔﻌﺴﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻤﺤﺭﺒ

.

ﻲﺘﻭﺨﺇ ﻰﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺍﺭﺨﺫ ﺎﻨﻠﻌﺠﻭ ﻪﻤﺭﻜﻭ ﻪﻠﻀﻔﺒ ﷲﺍ ﺎﻫﺎﻋﺭ ﺔﻠﻀﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻝﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺍﻭ

ﻡﻫﺭﻴﺒﻜﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﻡﺍﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﺍﻭﺨﺍﻭ

.

ﻡﻠﻋ ﻡﺴﻗ ﺔﺒﻠﻁ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻰﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻱﺩﻫﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺀﺎﻗﺩﺼﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺒﺤﻷﺍ لﻜ ﻰﻝﺍﻭ

ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ

.

3

ﺭــــــﻜــﺸﻝﺍ

:

ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻢﻌﻧ ﻥﺎـﻛ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﻮﲪ ﻕﺍﻭﺭ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﱃﺍ ﻞﻳﺰﳉﺍ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﺪـﻘﺗﺍ

ﺰﺟﻭ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺎﲤﺇ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻪﺤﺋﺎﺼﻨﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﳌﺍﻭ

ﺍ ﻩ ﷲﺍ

لﺎﻤﻋ ﺭﻜﺸﺍ ﺎـﻤﻜ ،ﺭﻴﺨ لـﻜ

ﺍ لﺎﻤﻜﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻓﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ

لﻜﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝ

ﺓﺭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﻭﺍ ﺏﻴﺭﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﻥﻤ

.

4

لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ : ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﻡﻗﺭﻝﺍ 33 _{لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ} 01 45 _{ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ} 02 43 لﺯﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ 03 45 ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ 04 46 ﻲﻘﻓﻷﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ 05 50 _{ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻗ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ} 06 95 ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ 07 98 ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻥﺎﺒﺴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺫﺨﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘﻝ 08

5

لﻭﺍﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻤــﺌﺎﻗ : لﻭﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ 01 ﺘﺴﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺠ لﺯﺎﻨﻝﺍ 122 02 ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﺃ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ 124 03 ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍﻭ لﺯﺎﻨﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ 126 04 ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ 128 05 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺌﻓ ﺏﺴﺤﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻔ 131 6 ﻥﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﺢﻀﻭﻴ 133 07 ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺍﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺏﺴﺤﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ 133 08  ا ىا  ا رد ب  135 09  ا  ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ ﺏﺴﺤﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ 136 10 ﺔﻴﻨﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﺢﻀﻭﻴ 134

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ســ !ا

ﺔـﻤﺩﻘﻤ 10 *** ﺙﺤﺒﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻹﺍ *** 1 . ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ 14 2 . ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ 17 3 . ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩ 18 4 . ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ 19 5 . ﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕ 20 6 . ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﺌﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ 25 *** ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ *** *** ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ *** ﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘ 28 1 . لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ 30 1.1 ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ** 2.1 ﺔﻴﺤﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ** 2 . لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ 33 3 . ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ 37 4 . ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻫ 39 1.4 ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 1.1.4 ﻪﻝﺎﻜﺸﺃ 41 1.1.1.4 لﺯﺎﻨﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 2.1.1.4 ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 3.1.1.4 ﻲﻘﻓﻷﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 4.1.1.4 ﻱﺭﻭﺤﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 2.4 ﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭ ﺭ 47 1.2.4 ﻪﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘ ** 2.2.4 ﻩﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩ ** 3.2.4 ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺒﻠﺴ ** 5 . ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺃ 51 1.5 ﻲﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 2.5 ﻱﻭﻔﺸﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 3.5 ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺯﻤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ** 6 . ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ 56 7 . ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤ 59

7 1.7 ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ** 2.7 ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤ ** 3.7 ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ** 8 . لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ 65 لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻼﺨ 68 ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘ 70 1 . ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ 72 1.1 ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ** 2.1 ﻲﺤﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ** 2 . ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤ 74 3 . ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ 76 1.3 ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﺏﺴﺤ ** 2.3 ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻤﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﺏﺴﺤ ** 4 . ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ 78 5 . ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ 79 1.5 ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ** 2.5 ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ 81 3.5 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺽﺍﺭﻏﺃ 82 4.5 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺒ ﻥﻭﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ 84 5.5 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ** 6.5 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ 88 1.6.5 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ** 2.6.5 ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ** 6 . ﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻘ 99 7 . ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤ ** 8 . ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﺤﺘ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ 104 لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻼﺨ 106 ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻲﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺸﻜﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ 109 1 ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ** 2 ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ 115 3 ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻝﺍ 116 4 ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠ 116 5 ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺍ 120 ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﺽﺭﻋ 1 ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﺽﺭﻋ 122

8 2 لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻡﺎﻋ 139 3 ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨ 143 4 ﺕﺎﻴﺼﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺤﺍﺭﺘﻗﻻﺍ 145 5 ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻠﻤ 146 ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ

9

ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ

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ﺔــــــﻤﺩﻘﻤ : لﺎﺼﺘﻼﻝ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﻡﻭـﻘﺘ ﻻﻭ ، ﻲﻝﺎﺼﺘﺍ ﻥﺌﺎﻜ لﻴﻗ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺵﻘﻨ ﺭﻭﺼﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻭ ، ﻱﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺌﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﺒ ﻁﻭﺭﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺎـﻁﺭﺸ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﺒﺘﻋﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻗﻷﺍ ﺙﺒ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لـﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻴﺯﺍﻭﺘﻤ ﻩﺩﺼﺭ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ... ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺘﺤ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻥﺫﺇ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺎﻓ ﻡﻼﺴﻭ ﻡﻫﺎﻔﺘﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺵﻴﻌﻴﻭ ،ﺀﺎﻘﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻪﻝﻭﺤ . ﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﻭﻤ ﺩﺎﻴﺩﺯﺍ ﻊﻤﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﺒﺴﻭ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﻲ ﺀﺎـﺠﺭﺃ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺒ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﺎﻴﺩﺯﻻ ﺔﺤﻠﻤ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻑﺍﺩـﻫﻷﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ ﺎـﻌﺒﺘ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﻤﻌﻤﻝﺍ ـﻜﻓﻷﺍ لﻘﻨﻭ لﺩﺎﺒﺘﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﺠﻭﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋﻭ ﺭﻁﺃ ﻯﻭﺘﺤﻤﻝ ﻡﻠﻤﻝﺍﻭ لـﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ . لﺎﺒﻘﺘﺴﺍﻭ لﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ، ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻁﻗ لﻜ ﺱﻤﺘ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺕﺎـﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻥﺇﻭ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺃ ، ﺭﺨﺃ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﺸ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎـﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﺘ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﺘﻭ ،ﻥﺎـﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺃ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺎﺒ . ﻥﺭـﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺭـﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎـﻬﻨ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﺠ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺤ ، ﺔﻗﻭﺒﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎـﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﻭـﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﺴﻨﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﻬﺴ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﺙﻴ ﺔﻴﺭﻘﺒ ﻪﺒﺸﺃ ﻡـﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺃﻭ ،ﺯﺠﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻭﺩـﺤﻝﺍ لﺅﺎﻀﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡـﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﺏﺎﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺍﺯـﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻝﺍ لﻭﺩـﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﺴﻭ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍ ﺔﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﻲـﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺼﺘﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻨﺼ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺎﻴﻤﻝﺎﻋﻭ ﺎﻴﻠﺤﻤ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻗﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺯﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﻋﻹﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺡﺎﺘﺃﻭ لﺎـﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻬﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﺨﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎـﻌﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺍﺯ ﺎﻤﻤ ، ﺎﻬﻋﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﺔﻓﺎﻜﺒ

11 ﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻼﻝ ﺔﺼﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺎﺒ ﻑﺭﻌﻴﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ . ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ لﺎـﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﺇ ﺓﺩـﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤ ﻡـﻬﻓ ﻥﻷ ، ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﺩﺨ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺽﺭﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ لـﻤﺍﻭﻋ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﻜﻭﻠﺴﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻬﻤﻭ ،لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻲﻓﺭﻁﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻺﻝ لﺎﺼﺘﺍ ﻱﺃ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ . ﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺩﺍﺩﺯﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻱﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﺎﺤ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻓﺭﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﺩﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻐﻴﺼﺒ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﻋﺎﻔﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻊـﻓﺭ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺎـﻤﻭﺩ ﺓﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻁﻴﻁﺨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻗﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘ لﻜ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻝ لﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻼﻀﻓ ،ﻪﺒ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﻋ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘﻝ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻤﺍﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﺘﻭ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﻜﺒ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﻴ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺤﺭﺘﻘﻤﻭ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺠ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺴﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻬـﺠﻼﻋﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﻡﻬﻴﻭﺎﻜﺸﻭ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﻭ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭ ﺏﻠﺠ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﺎـﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﻭ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺄﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻼـﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﻠﻘﻴﻭ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﺒ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍﻭ ﻡﻫﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺴ ﻥﻤ . ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﻭ ،ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻡﻅﺎﻌﺘﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﺎـﻌﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻘﺌﻼـﻌﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻌﻔﺒ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺘ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤ ﻥﻤ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻪﺤﻴﺘﺘ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺕﺎـﻤﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ . ﺎﻨﺘﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻯﺩـﺤﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻨﺴ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ ﺒ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺎﻨﻌﺒ ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎ ﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺽﻔﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﻗﻭﻌﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻬﺠﻭ

12 ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﻤﺴﻗ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻤﺴﻗ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ : ﻲﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﺭﺨﺃﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨ ﻡﺴﻗ . ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ : ﻹﺍ ﺡﺭـﻁﺒ ﺹﺘﺨﺇ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺕﻭﺘﺤﺇ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ) ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﺃﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ،ﻥﺴ ( ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻪﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺍ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لـﻤﺸ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻤﻝﺍ . ﻲﻠﻴﺎﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ، ﻥﻴﻠﺼﻓ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻡﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻘﻝﺍ : لﻭﻷﺍ لـﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻪـﻨﺍﻭـﻨﻋ ﺀﺎـﺠ ﺩﻗﻭ : لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎـﻨﻗﺭﻁﺘ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻼﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻪـﻠﻜﻴﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪـﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎـﻨﻗﺭﻁﺘﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ، لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠـﻤﻋ ﻴﻝﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤﻭ ،ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺏ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺼﻨﻝ ،ﻪﺘﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لـﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﻨﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﻥﺎﻜ : ﻪﺘﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤ ،ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻭـﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻕﺭـﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻙـﻝﺫﻜ،ﻩﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ،ﻪﻋﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﺎﻬﻀﺍﺭﻏﺃ،ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼـﺨ ﻥـﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ،ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﻁﻠﺴﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ . ﻥﻴﻠﺼﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ لﻤﺸ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ : ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لـﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻁﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻼ ﺔﻨﻴﻋﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﺫﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺩـﻌﺒﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩـﺨﺘﺴﺘﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺭـﻜﺫ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺼ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺒﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻀﺭﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻗﺩﺼ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻏ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﺘﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺭـﻜﺫ لـﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ . ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ لـﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻎﻴﺭﻔﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭـﺤﻤﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺀﺎﺠﺎﻤ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺭﺘﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻬﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺕﺎﺤﺍﺭﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤﻝﺍ .

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ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ

14 1 – ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ : ﻑﺭـﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﻠﺠﻭ ﺎـﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺕﻴﻘﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥـﻤ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻭـﻠﺴﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎـﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻙﻭـﻠﺴﻝﺍ لﺎـﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺼﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﺨ . لﻭـﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻪﻌﺒﻁﺒ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺇ ﻥﺌﺎﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﻤ ﻥـﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﺔـﻴﺍﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﺍﺭ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺇ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍﻭ لﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﺨﺇ ﻥﺇﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺢﻁﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻡﺩﻗ ﻡﻴﺩﻗ ﻭﻬﻓ لﻭﺒﻁﻝﺎﻜ ﻪﻝﺎﺼﺘﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭـﻜﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ ﺹﻗﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻥﻤﻷﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺠﺎﺤ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺘ لﺠﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜ ،ﺭﺎﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎـﺨﺩﻝﺎﻜ ﻪﻝﻭﺤ . ﺕﺎﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻀﺤﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺎﻓ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﺘﺠﺎﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ لﻘﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺴﻜﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺀﺍﺫﻐﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻜﺴﻝﺍ . ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴﻻ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻜﺤﺒ ﺕﻴﺤ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ لﺨﺩﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻝ ﺩﺒﻼﻓ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺃ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ ﻥﻋ لﺯﻌﻤﺒ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻴﻗ لﻴﺼﺄﺘ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻘﺘﻭ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ لﻜﻜ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻑﻝﺂﺘﻝ . " لﺒﻗ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﻭﺅﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﻭﺩﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺎﺒ ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺇ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺨﺭﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺱﻭﺭﻴﻤﻭﻫ ﺓﺫﺎﻴﻝﺇ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺀﺎـﻤﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﻠﺒﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻼﻴﻤﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ . ﺸﺎﻋ ﻥﻴﺫﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻁﻼﻓﺃ ﻪﻤﻠﻌﻤﻭ ﻭﻁﺴﺭﺃ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺩﻌﻴﻭ ﻥـﻔﻝ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻼﻴﻤﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺎ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ . ﻥﻴﺭﻤﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺔـﻋﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﻥـﻓ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻤ لﻜ لﺼﻭﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ . ﻊﻤ ﻪﻓﺩﻫ ﻕﻘﺤﻴ ﻥﺃﻭ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻊﻨﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ،ﻲﻬﻔﺸ ﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﻭﻁﺴﺭﻷ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻓﺭﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﺠﺤﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻤ ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤ " 1 . ﺍ ﺎﻨﺭﻅﻨ ﻭﻝ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﺴ ﻕﺭﻐﺘﺴﺘ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺩﺠﻭﻝ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻜ ﻰﻝ ﻊﻤ لﺒﻗ ﻱﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﻅﻘﻴﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻨﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻩﺩﻬﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎـﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭـﻁﺘ 1 - ، ن  !"# $% ر $ !'ا د)%# ن : ط،ن)، ,ز'او /01' ء 3 راد ، #4'ا ت674'او ل"9:ا 1 ، 2005 : ص 34 .

15 ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺭﺘﻭﻴﺒﻤﻜﻝﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻻﺇ ﻪﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻭﻫﺎﻤ ﻪﺸﻴﺎﻌﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻲـﻫﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼ ﺓﺭﻭﺜ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻗﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﺃﻭ ﻑﺘﺎﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺔـﻓﺎﺜﻜﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺸﻫﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﻕﺍﺭﻏﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺜ ﺭﺎﻬﻨ لﻴﻝ ﻩﺭﺼﺎﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ . ﻓ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﺱﻤﻴ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻝ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﻥﻤ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻰﻁﺨﺘ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻪـﻋﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﺩـﺠﻨ ﺍﺫﻬﻝﻭ ،ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﺒ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻴﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻴﻫﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ . ﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﻴ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻼﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﻫ ﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ ﻭﻬﻓ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻡﻭـﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺍﺭـﻓﻷﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﻝﺎﻌﻓﻭ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﻬﻓ ،ﻡﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﺔـﻓﺎﻜ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺫـﻐﻝﺍ لﻤﺤﻴﻭ ﻥﺎـﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻕﻭﺭﻋ ﺏﺎﻴﺴﻨﺍﻭ ﻕﻓﺩﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﻓﺎﺤﻴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻺﻝ ﺓﺩﻴﺠ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﺃ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻠﻜ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﻔﻜ ﻊﻔﺘﺭﺘﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺩـﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎـﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ لﻜ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ لﻤﺸﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﻔﻜ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺩﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ . ﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺎﻓ لﺼﺘﺘ ﺔﻌﻗﻭﺘﻤ لﺎـﻤﻋﺃ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ لﺩﺎﺒﺘ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺩﺎﺒﺘ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻲﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﺴﺎﻤﺘ ﺩﺩـﺤﻴ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﻴ ﻭﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺩﺄﺘ ﺏﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺎـﺠﻴﺇ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ . ﻥﺃ لﻭﻘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻜ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺭﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜﺅﻴ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻝﺎﻔﻏﺇ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻠﻫﺎﺠﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒﻭ ﺕﺎـﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻭـﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺎﻬـﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﺔـﻤﻅﻨﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍﻭ ـﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤ لﻜﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﻓﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘﻝ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺠﻤﻝ ﺩﻨﺘﺴﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻨﺘﺴﻴ لﺒ ،ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻭـﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬـﻜﻼﺘﻤﺇ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺩﻗ . ﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎـﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻫ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺎﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻀﺭﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺇ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﺠﻨ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻹﺍﻭ

16 ﺭﻌﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﻓﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺀﺎﻘﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻓ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ . ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺭﻓ ﻪﻝﺫﺒﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺭﻜﻓ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻠﻀﻋ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺩﻬﺠ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎﻓ ﺔﺤﺎﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﺒﻤ ،ﺎﻔﻠﺴ ﺓﺭﻁﺴﻤ ﻑﺍﺩـﻫﺃ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻭﺃ لﻭﺼﻭﻠﻝ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺯﺎـﺠﻨﻻ ﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻭ ﺔﺤﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻋ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﺇﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺘ لﻗﺄﺒ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ،لـﻤ ﺀﺎـﻘﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﻤﻀﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﺩﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﻕﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬـﺘﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻁﻌﻴ ﺔﺤﺠﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﻹﺍﻭ . لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔـﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻓ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻓ ﻑﻘﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺤﻤ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺄﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋ ﻯﺩﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺔﺒﺎﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﻻﻭﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺇﻭ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤ لﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﺴﺇ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺕﺎـﻗﻭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺁ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﺎﻫﻭﻤﻨﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﻘﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻭ ﺭﻀﺎﺤ ﻡﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺇ ﺎﻬﻴﻗﺭﻭ ﺎﻫﺀﺎﻘﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻓﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﻁﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺔﻁﻭﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃ . ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ : ﻙﺎﻨﻫ لﻫ ؟ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ : -؟ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ لﻫ ؟ﻥﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻠﻝ -لﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻠﻝ : ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻷﺍ، ﻥﺴﻝﺍ ؟ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ

17 2 ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ : ﺔﻬﺠﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻫ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﻗﺭﻁﺘ ﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﻥ ﺘﺠﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ، ﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻤ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻊـﻤ ﻥ ﻑﺭﻌﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤﻭ، ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﺒ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ لﻭﺎﺤﻨﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ، ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻓ ﻊﺒﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭـﻤﻷﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴﻭ ،لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﻥﺴﻝﺎﻜ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻀ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﻐﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭـﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﻜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻏﺭﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ : ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ : ﺍﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻥﻴﺫﻔﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀ . ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺀﺎﻁﻏ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺝﺭﺩﻨﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﻲﻫﻭ : -ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻓ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍﻭ لﺯﺎﻨﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻗ ﻪﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ . -ﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻓ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭ-ﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻋﺎﺼ-ﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻗ ﻪﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﺙﺤﺒ . ﺙﻼﺜ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻤﻀﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺭﻔﺼ : -ﻥﺴﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻋ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺫﻔﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﺭﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻻ . -ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻋ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺫﻔﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﺭﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻻ . -ﺍ ﻡﻬﺌ-ﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺫﻔﻨﻤﻝ-ﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝ-ﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﺭﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻻﺍ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝ .

18 3 ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺇ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩ : ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻭﻫ ،ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻜ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺇ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻬﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺭﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻜ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻙﺎﻨﻫﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺭﻭﻤ : ﺀﺍﺩﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻯﺩﺤﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻤﻋ . -ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﻠﻗﻭ ﻪﺘﺩﺠﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤ . -ﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ-ﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺯﻤﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ-ﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﺴﻭ ﻩﺀﺍﺭﺜﺇ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻝ . ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺎﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ لـﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻗﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ لﻜﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺭﻌﺸﻴﻭ ﺱﺤﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻘﻨﻝﺍ . ﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﺴﺘﻜﺘﻭ ﻱﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻌﻓ ،ﻪﺠﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻱﺫ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﻠﺴﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻰﻋﺍﺭﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﺎـﻬﻝ ﻰﻁﻌﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﺴﺘﻜﺘ ﺎـﻤﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺎـﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﺏﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻱ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤﻠﻝ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ . ﺃ / ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ : ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻥﻭﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﺜﺒﻨﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻯﺩﺤﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺕﺎﻤﺩﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ لﺎﺼﺘﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ،ﺯﺎﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺒﺭﻬﻜﻝﺎ ﻙﻼﺘﻤﺍﻭ ، ﺔﺒﻌﺼﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅ لﻅ ﻲﻓ لﻀﻓﺃ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻤﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻤﺎﻬﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺄﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﻴ ﺭﻤﺍﻭﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝ ﻪﺒ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻠﻝ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺭﻴﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﻴﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﺌﺎﺒﺯ ﺔﻘﺜ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻠﻝ ﻥﻤﻀﻴ ﺩﻴﺠ ﺀﺍﺩﺄﺒﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ لﻀﻓﺄﺒ ﺓﺭ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻤﻋﺃ . ﺭﻭﺩ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻗﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﺩــﻴﺠ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻰﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺒ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻤﻴﻗﻭ

19 ﻥﺴﺤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻥﺇ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻭ ﺔﺤﺼ ﺩﺩﻬﺘ ﺕﻻﺁﻭ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﺃ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻁﺎﺨﻤ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ . ﺏ / ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ : -ﻡﻬﺘﺴﺴﺅﻤ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺩﺄﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ لﻭﺤ ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ . -ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝ لﻫ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ) ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻷﺍ، ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻥﺴﻝﺍ ( ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺔﺒﺎﻨﻌﺒ ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﺒ ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ . ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺠﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﺒ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ . 4 -ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ : ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ : ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ . لﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻗ ﺔﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔـﻗﻼﻋ لﺯﺎـﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻼﻝ لﻫ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ؟ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻼﻝ لـﻫ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻨﺘﻝﺍ ؟ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔ -ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻠﻝ لﻫ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ : ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻗﻻﺍ،ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻥﺴﻝﺍ ؟ﺯﺎﻐﻠﻨﻭﺴ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲــﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﻠﻝ ﻲـﻓ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﺎﺒﻨﺎﺠ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺜﺇ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ . لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩـﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻥﻴﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍ .

20 5 -ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ : ﻥﻤ ﻪﻘﺤ لﻨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻡﻏﺭﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺇ ﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎـﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،ﺕﺎـﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝ ﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﻱﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻡﺍﺩﻌﻨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﻭﻜﺸﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ . ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺍﻭﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻭ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻜ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺍﻭﻠﻤﻫﺃﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ . ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﻪـﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺇﻭ لﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻜ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗ ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺩﻨ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺭـﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻊـﺒﺎﺘ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻜ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘﻭ ﻑﺼﻭ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﻷ ﺎﺼﺘ ل ﻲﻓ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ . ﺃ / ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ : 1 . ﻥﺭﻭﺜﻭﺎﻫ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ 1927 : ﻡﺎـﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ 1927 ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﻊﻨﺼﻤ ﻲﻓ ) ﻥﺭﻭﺜﻭﺎﻫ ( ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝ ﻊﺒﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﻏﺎﻜﻴﺸ ﺔﻴﻻﻭﺒ ) ﻙﻴﺭﺘﻴﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻴﺘﺴﻭ ( ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺍﺩﺎـﻌﺒﺃ ﺕﻓﺎﻀﺃ ، ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝ . ﻓﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺩﻤﺘﻋﺇ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﺘ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺀﺎﻀﻹﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﺒ ﻥﺴﺤﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ لﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ . ﻡﻫﺩﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻴﺭﻓ ﻡﺎﻗﻭ ﻭﻴﺎﻤ ﻥﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺝﺭﺒﺯﻠﺜﻭﺭ ﻙـﻝﺫ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﺩﺭﺎﻓﺭﺎﻫ ﺔﻌـﻤﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩﻋ لﺯﻋ ﻕﻴﺭـﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺽﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻼﻤﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻊﻨﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻏ ﻯﺩﺤﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴ ﺓﺀﺎﻀﻹﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺇ لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ لﺎﻌﻓﺃ ﺩﻭﺩﺭ . ﺔــﺒﺴﻨﺒ ﺩﺍﺯ لﺒ ﺓﺀﺎﻀﻹﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺽﻴﻔﺨﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺽﻔﺨﻨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻥﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺊﺠﻭﻓ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻤ ) ﺩﺍﺩﺯﺍ ﻪﻨﻜﻝﻭ ( ﻨﻤ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ ﺔﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺹﻼـﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ، ﺎــﻤ ﺎـﻬ ﻲﺘﺎﻴ : 1 -ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻔﻠﻝ لﻴﺩﺒﻜ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ . 1 /=د ير? : ، ض/'ا ،/01' A/)'ا راد ،ردB'ا C )%# ردB'ا C D/49 ، E%'ا تBC!'او ئدC)'ا، ةرادHا تأ 1992 : ص 42 .

21 ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﺎـﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﻓﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻠﻝ ﺢﻀﺘﺇ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻌﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﺘ ﺓﺎﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺒ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﻗ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﻑﺍﺭﺸﻹﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ لﺒ ،ﻁﻘﻓ لﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻬ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺈﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃﻭ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻡﻬﻝ ﺎﺼﺎﺨﺸﺃ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺈﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﺇﻭ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻹﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻠﻁﺘﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻅﺘﻨﺇ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺩﺼﺭﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺈﺒ ،ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻊﻓﺭﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻭ ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺘﻭ ﺍﺩﺠ ﺔﻠﺼﺤﻤ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍﻭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺀ . ﺎﻫﺩﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺩﺎﻋ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ لﺨﺍﺩ لﻤﻌﻴ ﺓﺄﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﺕﻠﺼﻭﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﺇ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺄﺸﻨﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺴﺭ ﺭﻴﻏ لﺎﺼﺘﺇ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺎﻴﻨﻤﻀ ﻲﻨﻌﻴﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺏﻭﻏﺭﻤﻭ ﺫﺒﺤﻤ ﻲﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﻴﻤﻀﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ . 2 . ﻭ ﻲﺒﻭﻜ ﺯﺘﺎﻜ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ " ﺱﻴﺭﻭﻤ " 1950 : ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻊـﻓﺭ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺃ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻡﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻭﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺼﻼﺨ ﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺒﻭﺭﺸﻤﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺒﺠﻭ ﺭﺎﻀﺤﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﺒ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﻘﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﺘﻓ ﺍﻭﻀﻘﻴ ﻥﺃﻭ ﻡﻬﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻰ ﺔـﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ، ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻴﻀﺘﻭ ﺎﻴﺭﻴﺘﻓﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺎﻫﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒ ﻡﻬﺘﻻﺁ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﺒ ﺔـﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺽﻔﺨﻨﻴ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻑﻴﻜ ﺍﻭﺤﻀﻭﺃﻭ ﺍﻭﻨﻴﺒ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺤﻴﺭﺼﻭ ﻥﻴﺤﻀﺍﻭ لﻼﺨ لﺩﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﻨ ﻥﻤ لﻗﺃ 15 ﻭﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝ ﺔﻘﺤﻼﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺩ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺠﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎـﺒ لﺒﻘﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺔﻌﻨﻘﻤ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺫﺒﺫﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺤﻀﻭﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﻁﺌﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻨﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﻁﺎﺨ ﺏﻴﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻴﺭﻴﺘﻓﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺎﻫﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﻐﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﻥﻭـﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ . 1 3 . ﺏﻭﻝﺎﻏ ﺩﻬﻌﻤ ﺢﺴﻤ 1998 : لـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺡﺎـﺠﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺼﻭﺘ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺯﻭﻤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻭﻝﺎﻏ ﺩﻬﻌﻤ ﻩﺍﺭﺠﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻝﺍ ل 1998 ﺩﻴﺯﻴﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩـﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤ ﻑـﻝﺃ ﺔﺌﺎﻤ ﻥﻋ 24 ﺩﻴﺯﺘ ﻥﻤﻤ ،ﻯﺭﺒﻜ ﺔﻜﺭﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻤﻋﺃ 25 ﻊﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺍﺩﺎﻜ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻌﻓ ،ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻲــﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻓ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺭﺸﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻼ 1 J د Kآ : =Hا ك='ا )?/9، N)4'ا $O $ : ،/"# ،/01'او ,C!' PQ1'ا راد ،R N)إ )%# ، $/)'ا C  1974 : ص 50 .

22 ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﺎﻤ ﺕﺎـﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻡﻬﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺢﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ لﺼﻭﺘ ﺎﺤﺎﺠﻨ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻰﻀﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﺭﻌﺸﻴ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﻓ ،ﻡﻬﻝ . ﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﻴﻭ ﻥﻴﻬﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﺘ : ﺍﻭﻠﻌﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﻌﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺘ ﻭﻫ ﺢﻀﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍﻭ ؟ ﻡﻫﺩﻨﻋﺎﻤ لﻀﻓﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺇﻭ ﻡﺎﻅﺘﻨﺈﺒ ﻥﻭﻤﺩﻘﻴ ﻡﻬﻴﺩﻝ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ،لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍﻭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻔﻁﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻗﺎﻁ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﻬﺴﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻓﺭ ﻪﻝ ﺞﻴﻭﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺌﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌ . 1 ﺏ / ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ : 1 . ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ 1978 : ﺩﻘﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺈﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻘﻠﻁﻨﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺩﻨﻜﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﺒ ﺀﺎﺴﻨﻠﻝ ﺓﺯﺎﺘﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﻭﺴﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﻭﺼﻸﻝ ﺭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻴﺭﺠﺃ ﺎﺤﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﻭﺤﻤ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘﻭ ﻑﺼﻭﻭ ﻑﺸﻜ ﺔﻝﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ : ﻲﻫﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻝ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺇ ﺩﻘﻝﻭ : * ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ : ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﻊﻨﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻠﻝ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﻡﻬﻠﻤﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﻤﺎﻴﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ . * ﺓﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ : ﻼﻓﻹ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﻭ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺭﺁ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﺡ . * ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺘﺴﻹﺍ : ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻠﻝ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺃ ﺔﺴﻤﺨ لﺎﻤﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺇ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ . ﻲﻫﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻺﻝ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﺱﻤﺨ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺕﻠﻤﺸ ﺩﻘﻝﻭ : 1 . ﺭﻭﺎﺸﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ . 2 . ﻝ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﺘﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤ . 3 . لﺎﺼﺘﻺﻝ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ . 4 . ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ لﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ . 5 . ﻁﺒﺎﻬﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﻗ ﺎﻬﻌﻤﺠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ . ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻔﻓ لـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻼـﻜﺸﻤ لﻭﺤ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃﻭ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻭﺎﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﻘﻠﻓ 1 ترT ب : D/49 ، )V19 ةرB# ة/0 1Wا : ط ، د4='ا ، نXC4'ا CX# ،$?'ا م0ه 1 ، 2004 : ص ص 105 -106 .

23 ﺫﺨﺘﺘ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻼـﻜﺸﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺘﺴﻻﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺎﺸﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺕﺎـﻜﺒﺸ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩـﻝﺍ ﺕﺤﻀﻭﺃ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻠـﻜﺎﺸﻤ لﻭﺤ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺎﺸﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﻲﻤﺴﺭ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺨﺃﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﺴﺭ ﺎـﻌﺒﺎﻁ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﺘ ﻲﻤﺴﺭ ﺭﻴﻏ لـﻜﺸﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ لﻋﺎـﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺠﺭﺎﺨﻭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻙﺴﺎﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺜ ﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﺎ ﺭ . ﻥﻋ ﻡﻫﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﺸﻜ لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕـﺤﻀﻭﺃ ﺩﻘﻠﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎـﻤﺃ ﺏﺴﺤ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﻷﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺈﺒ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺘ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺭﻌﻤﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻜﺫﺘ ﻡﺩـﻋ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺈﻓ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺏﺴﺤﻭ ،ﻡﻬـﻤﺎﻤﺃ ﻑﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻗﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺘﻬﺘ ﻻ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻴﺒ ﺩﻘﻠﻓ ،لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎـﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺢﻀﺘﺇ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻑـﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﻉﺎﻨﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻡﺩﻋﻭ ﻅﻔﺤﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ . لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ لﻀﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ لﻌﻓ ﺩﺭﻜﻭ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺄﻜ ﺝﺎﺠﺘﺤﻹﺍ ﻰﻘﻠﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻡﻬﻴﻭﺎـﻜﺸ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻜﺄﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻺﻝ ﻡﻫﺭﺎـﻁﺨﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺭﺁ لﻴﺼﻭﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺃ . ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻘﻠﻝ لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻨﻭﻜﻴ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺕﺭﻬﻅﺃ ﺩﻫﺍﻭﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺩﺼﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺕﻠﺼﺤﻓ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻭ ﻡﻬﻜﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻡﺘ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﺜﺍﺭﺘﻜﺇ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﻜ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﺒﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﺽﺭﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺱﻜﻌﻴﻭ ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩـﻫﻸﻝ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﺭﻬﻝﺍ لﺴﻠﺴﺘﻠﻝ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻨﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ . ﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺇ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻔﺸﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻊﺒﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﻼﻤﺯ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺒﻘﺘﺴﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺫﻴﻓ ،ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻝﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﺢﻀﺍﻭ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻡﻬﻴﻓﺭﺸﻤ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻡﻫﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺇ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺍ لـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﻝﻭﺼﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﻤﻷﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻜﻤﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ، ﻡﻬﻴﻓﺭﺸﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻫﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻡﻬﺌﻼﻤﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺀﻼـﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ لﺎﺼﺘﻺﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﻗ . ﺭﻭﺤﻤﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺱﻤﺎـﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻡﻬﻴﻭﺎﻜﺸ ﻡﻬﻝ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺍﻭ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺎﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺍﺩﺠ ﺭﻴﺴﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻱﻭﺎﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻭﺼﻭ ﻥﻭﻌﻨﻤﻴ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻲﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻥﻷ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ

24 ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺹﺭﻓﻭ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩـﻫﺍﻭﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻴﺒ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻤ ﺕﻀﻔﺨﻨﺇ ﺎﻤﻠﻜ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ . ﺹﻠﺨﺘﺴﺇ ﺩﻘﻝﻭ ) ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ( لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻕﻘﺤﻴ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﺎﺒﺘ ﻅﺤﻻ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩـﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻭـﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺨﻴ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﻑﻠﺘ . ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﻴ ﺔﻴﻤﻷﺍ لﻤﺎﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺽﺎﻔﺨﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ .