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Modèle déformable par éléments finis - Elasticité linéaire et grands déplacements

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(1)Modèle déformable par éléments finis - Elasticité linéaire et grands déplacements Matthieu Nesme. To cite this version: Matthieu Nesme. Modèle déformable par éléments finis - Elasticité linéaire et grands déplacements. Synthèse d’image et réalité virtuelle [cs.GR]. 2004. �inria-00598416�. HAL Id: inria-00598416 https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00598416 Submitted on 6 Jun 2011. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

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