From organic durum wheat producers to consumers: complementarity of roles in participatory plant breeding

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From organic durum wheat producers to consumers:

complementarity of roles in participatory plant breeding

Dominique Desclaux, Yuna Chiffoleau, Christophe Raynaud, Jean Marie

Nolot, Pierre Gasselin, Jean-Jacques Mathieu, François Dufau, Michèle

Jouniaux, Denis Dewelle, Antoine Chiron, et al.

To cite this version:

Dominique Desclaux, Yuna Chiffoleau, Christophe Raynaud, Jean Marie Nolot, Pierre Gasselin, et al.. From organic durum wheat producers to consumers: complementarity of roles in participatory plant breeding. ECO-PB European Conference ”Sélection Participative : enjeux pour l’Agriculture Biologique ?”, Jun 2006, Camon, France. 2006, �10.13140/RG.2.2.34618.64969�. �hal-02823373�

Fig 2: Durum wheat cultivars efficiency for nitrogen assimilation

Relation between yield (t/ha) and protein content (%) under organic conditions (means 10 locations/year)

2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Proteine content (%) Y ie ld ( t/ h a ) 2004 2005 check Yield x Prot =280 N N. u pta_ke effic_ien cy (-) N. u_pta ke effic_ien cy (+) 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5

Yield (t/ha) under organic conditions

Y ie ld ( t/ h a ) u n d e r c o n v e n ti o n a l c o n d it io n s 2004 2005 R² (2 0 0 4) = 0.332 R² (2 0 0 5) = 0.258

Fig 1: Relations between Yield obtained for durum wheat cultivars

cultivated under organic conditions (means of 10 locations) and under conventional conditions (means of 4 locations)

( 1

) INRA - UMR Diversité et Génome des Plantes Cultivées; (2

) INRA- UMR Innovation; (3) INRA-UMR Arche; (4

) Farmers belonging to a producer union : Biocivam 11, FAB PACA; (5

) Industrialist- ALPINA SAVOIE; (*) Corresponding author: Dominique.Desclaux@ensam.inra.fr

Results …

● After 5 years of evaluation, some lines appear really efficient in nitrogen absorption and represent a good compromise between productivity level and protein content under organic conditions.

● _{Some lines are approved unanimously because they suit both to farmers’} preferences and industrials’ demand.

●_{Two differerent and complementary niches of markets are targeted but} juridic issues have to be studied.

Durum wheat produced in organic conditions does not fulfill the quality requirements of the processing industry. Since 2000, an organic durum wheat participatory breeding program is implemented in the South of France. It is neither a farmer-led nor a formal-led program, but a program led by both professionals and researchers, in which farmers are considered as real partners and not only end-users of varieties and in which collaboration between farmers and downstream actors is promoted.

Authors : D. Desclaux1*, Y.Chiffoleau2, C.Raynaud1, J.M.Nolot3, P.Gasselin2, JJ Mathieu4, F.Duffau4, M.Jouniaux4, D.DeWelle4, M.Haefliger4, A.Chiron5, Bui Van Minh1

FROM ORGANIC DURUM WHEAT PRODUCERS TO CONSUMERS:

COMPLEMENTARITY OF ROLES IN PARTICIPATORY PLANT BREEDING

Objectives of the PPB project

♦ to obtain suitable varieties by improving local adaptation ♦ to promote genetic diversity

♦ to valorize farmers’ knowledge and know-how

♦ to prompt industrialists and consumers to value genetic diversity and farmers’ role along a sustainable development perspective

2000-2004: Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS)

Each year: 30 lines x 10 locations (7 on farm and 3 on station)

Actors’ roles:

▼Researchers: generating variability-on station nurseries-, agronomic and socio-economic expertise, training on experimental methodology ▼Farmers: on-going evaluations; dynamic management of populations ▼Industrials : post-harvest evaluations: technological results.

Regular field visits allow to discuss about genetic diversity around experimental plots and to select lines according to agronomical, technological, economical and social criteria

Since 2005: Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB)

Farmers are involved in generating variability, management of populations, selection among early generation materials (F1-F2)

1823 98PO26IN26 98PO26IN33 97D3534 99D2081 97D4366 97D3399 98PO26IN21 P1 x P2 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F10 ….. x Since 2005 : PPB 2000-2004 : PVS n 2 1 rs x … …. ... Station s Farms

Inscription, diffusion and valorization of co-bred

seeds (forthcoming)