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Modification of population sex ratios by domestication and artificial selection in the European sea bass
(Dicentrarchus labrax L.)
Marc Vandeputte, Mathilde Dupont-Nivet, Pierrick Haffray, H Chavanne, A. Vergnet, B. Chatain
To cite this version:
Marc Vandeputte, Mathilde Dupont-Nivet, Pierrick Haffray, H Chavanne, A. Vergnet, et al.. Mod-ification of population sex ratios by domestication and artificial selection in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Colloque de la Société Française de Génétique ”Genetics, Epigenetics and Evolution of Sex Chromosomes”, Jun 2011, Paris, France. pp.Poster. �hal-01019743�
Material and methods
Introduction
Vandeputte, M.
1,2, Dupont-Nivet, M.
1, Haffray, P.
3, Cha
I1INRA, UMR1313 GABI, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy en Josa
Palavas les Flots, France, 3Sysaaf, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 R
Emplacement photo qualité 150dpi minimum Emplacement photo qualité 150dpi minimum Emplacement photo qualité 150dpi minimum
Modification of population sex ratio
selection for growth in the Europea
In the European sea bass, the sex-ratio of farm male-biased (> 75%), while wild populations se ratio. Females are preferred by farmers due to The situation in farmed populations is known larval rearing temperature, but also to genetic polygenic, and linked with growth rate. We tes and phenotypic selection for growth on popula genetics framework where phenotypic sex is m an underlying liability called “sex tendency” genetic and environmental effects.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Mâles Fe m elle s 33 wild ♂ (W) 23 wild ♀ G0 G1 n=5915 longueur Selection threshold
12
eSéminaire des thésards du Départemen
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE / Ifremer GDR Amélioration génétique pour une Pisciculture Durable
Chemin de Maguelone, 34250 Palavas-les-Flots
Tél : +33(4) 67 13 04 07 • Courriel : marc.vandeputte@jouy.inra.fr
Results
« Genetics, Epigenetics and Evolution of
G2
13 femelles
20 mâles Sauvages
20 mâles
Domest. (G1) 20 mâles Massal
1. 18.2% females in G1, h²=0.62 for sex tendency, h²=0 body length, rA=0.48
2. Body weight in G2: S>D=W, +15 à 20% for S
3. Sex-ratio in G2: S 58.4%♀, D 47.1%♀, W 41.4%♀ (P<0. 4. High genetic correlation between body length at 90 da sex tendency (fig2)
5. Simulation: 75% females in G10 if the 5% largest fi selected at each generation (fig3). If those G10 fish were in conditions mimicking the natural ones, 95% females be expected
Conclusions
1. Selection for body length induces a correlated res on sex-ratio
2. Early growth (90 dpf) is more tightly genetically linked tendency than late growth
3. Combining selection for growth and manipulati environmental conditions should allow the product quasi-monosex populations of sea bass for aquaculture.
n=1098
avanne, H.
4, Vergnet, A.
2, Quillet, E.
1and Chatain, B.
2as, France, 2Ifremer UMR110 INTREPID, Chemin de Maguelone, 34250
Rennes, France, 4ISILS, Localita la Quercia, 26027 Rivolta d Adda, Italy
os by domestication and artificial
n sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)
med populations is usually highly eem to conform to a 50/50 sex better growth and later puberty. to be linked to larval and post-c fapost-ctors whipost-ch are presumably sted the impact of domestication ation sex-ratio, in a quantitative modeled as a threshold trait with ”, which is influenced both by
1.Factorial mating design with 33 wild G0♂ (W), 23 W♀ 7000 offspring individually tagged at 35 g (1 year), parentage assignment by genotyping of microsatellites(>98%), phenotyping of G1 at 400g (2 yrs) for sex & growth
2. Estimation of genetic parameters of growth & sex (h2, r
A) in
G1 fish by covariance between relatives (REML)
3. experimental selection for growth on G1 fish, P=5% on body length (BL)Î20 S males, + 20 males with average body length (D= domesticated)
4. Evaluation of response to selection and domestication on body weight and sex-ratio (20 W D and S males mated to 13
Figure 1: The threshold model for sex‐ratio in sea bass, with the phenotypic effect of early rearing environment in farms. 20%F 80% M sex tendency male-female threshold 50% F 50%M in the wild captive
nt de Génétique Animale Pornichet, 6 & 7 avril 2010
body weight and sex ratio (20 W, D and S males mated to 13 standard wild females)
5. Stochastic simulation study of selection on body length (quantitative genetics framework, h²=0.41 for body length, 0.62 for sex tendency, genetic correlation = 0.48) & estimation of the correlated response on sex-ratio.
f Sex Chromosomes », Paris, 9-10 June 2011
0.41 for .001) ays and ish are reared would sponse d to sex ion of tion of Figure 2: genetic correlation rA (± s.e.) between body length and the liability trait sex tendency at different ages in dpf (days post‐fertilisation). Acknowledgements
This work was conducted in the frame of two European projects, Heritabolum (Q5CR‐2002‐71720) and Competus (COOP‐CT‐2005‐017633). It is also part of the work programme of the INRA‐Ifremer Research Group on Sustainable Fish Breeding.
Figure 3: Simulated co‐ evolution of body length and sex‐ratio in a population of sea bass submitted to phenotypic selection on body length with a proportion selected of 5% at each generation 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 200 400 600 800 r A Age (dpf) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 P ropor ti on of fe m al e s Bo d y le n gth (mm) Generations