If it if difficult. ) Micro"\Nare

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(1)October. I. P!. C. R. O. C. H. E. S. O. N. S. T. E. 1977. S. ~ ~ ~. ~. tape. Each cassette is now available on cassette MICROCHESS manual at the with the purchase of a costs CUTS (SOLOS), baud 1200 Cassettes available are regular price. 88 POI-Y 20ljCiH), and 300 baud Kansas City, Tarbell. (origin. !'4ICROCHESS $3.CiO. Register yourself as a MICROCHESS further patches and improvements. the system you are running.. user to Please. receive notice of include details of. BUGS ~ ~. in the hex dump, and early03C7paper tapes: from 85 to 86. Change pawn promotion: 85 from 035F Change to 8C. Challenger pawn promotion: D7 0392 from to D4. Autodisplay after promotion: Change OU2A D7 from Change to DU. Autodisplay after castling: Ciü78 D7 from to DU. Change Autodisplay after castling: ÜF dump 83. Printed error from 027C: shipped copies after May 1, 1977 are correct versions. All. Known bugs MICROCHESS. (JF. RESTART. WITHOUT. OF. INITIALIZATION. suffix capture has occurred, you can use the pieces back to the correct squares after an move must be replaced a piece is more error, but made, be may positions set up Corrections or difficult. When prompt "-n the the (: input following manner. Use your system monitor interrupt the program. appears, the panel put appropriate data in the piece to or front(See 0072H. address C). Execute Appendix table. If to. M. no. it. if. ). 4. Micro"\Nare Ltd. 27FIRSTBROOKE. ROAD,TORONTO,ONTARIO,CANADA.M4E2L2..

(2) RELOCATION. be CODE. INSTRUCTION. of. RELOCATOR. First,. move. Then, copy the tables over which the LXI instructions 1.. a. =. b. =. c d. =. e. =. f. =. =. Relocate. the. entire. (jC/OÓ program. End (JFFF program. New address. New (E. address. New end address. 01 and move. Start of of. adjusting. program,. ,. all references.. (E.g. 2000). start start. g.. 2000). (E.g. 2FFF) option.. Fix. Pass 2.. a relocation program such by Leor Zolman in the July '77 the entire program with relocation. the new version. Finally, oorrect were mistakenly adjustecÁ. relocated using. MICROCHESS can MACHINE the as BYTE. issue. Pass. MICROCHESS. FOR. without adjustment.. tables into place. Copy the. i. c d. =. 09DD ODE5 New. =. 0000. e. · 02. a. b. f. · ·. Start of tables. End of tables.. address used) (NOt used). start (NOt. C/C/(j(j. Move. =. +. 9dd. l. (E.g.. i l. 29DD). block only option.. :. The following Fix data mistakenly adjusted by the relocator. them to address. Change locations will contain your start (JO. (Your. u. start. address. Thanks to F. Gerlach, 33310 for suggesting patches below. COMPUCOLOR. relocate. P.O.. +). Box. 086E,. 0306,. 9305,. this relocator. 0774,. 08A1.. Ft. Lauderdale, FL,. and. the. COMPUCOLOR. have to use the above method to To replace Then add the following: c: C)33C}: OB; echo eliminate after input, DO; modify input, ú9da: C3 (JÓ DE,(JE OE(J0: and C9; modify output, 0907: C3 05 09 01 C9.. users. will. MICROCHESS.. with ctl-X 033ü: 00 00 tl-k, CD. Ü3. OE05:. 01 ü7. COORDINATES. the. 78 ed. can be added to the modifications shown at the. board. right:. display by making.

(3) FOR. MICROCHESS ~. SOL. SYSTEMS. ~. is available on CUTS cassette for SOL systems and the SOLOS users. The cassette is prepared for the purchase Each cassette costs $3.CÜ with system. operating of the MICROCHESS manual.. MICROCHESS CUTER and. SOLOS ooDü. patches CD. 0258. 00. 09D7. C3 3E CO ES 7F. OEOC). OE1O OE2(J O330 Use AUTO. VDM. the. or. 0(1 00 su 01 CD D5 CA DEL NO. to the. DE, (JO, CO, 32 09 CB CO C5 F5 30 DE,. key AUTO. 0120. hex original DE, CD OB. 028A 7F DB ODF1 CB CD ü2 CO CD CD 1C Cl OE3Ü. CD FA 02 CD CD 06. Ft. . : ) i :. 0107 OEÜO (JE1O oE2cí OE30. FI E5 D6. 19 ci1. 01 CD D5 5F. DB 02 C3. FC CD 04 C9 C3. (JO. CD (jü. ü2. FI. Cl Cl Dl El. 19. CO. (JO. DO. NOT. ES. CO. CO. CD. CO. CD. 2B. FU. Cl 25. 03. use the. commands.. +. ~. ~. patches CD C3 3e. CO. FI. C3 CB 98 5F. to a SOLOS cassette. 2330 Millenium Lm,Reston,VA,2209i.. ODE6. 01. (JE. (JE (J1. C3. 20. CD C2. 20 E6. to correct errors. ~. CUTER. dump: 0107. FO C9, FO, 32 09 EE Fct C5 F5 CD 19. ODF1 C3 09O7 F8 CD ü2 CD 1C FI CD uu FI 2B FO OD. Thanks, (CUTER. to Barry Watzman, at FOOljH). DB 77 02 CD CD C3. 06 E6 01 C2 FI (JO DB 05 7F CA 3Ü DE FO, 0330 C3 08 FI CD 42 Ü2 CD 1C EE F(J CD 2C FI C3 2C FI BB FCC) FI Cl DI El C9 (JÓ 25 03. DB B'l CD 02 CD. FC,. FI. C3 'IB 09D7 OB CD (J12lj (JÉ CE ID CD CD '12 02 F3 CO CO C3 04 Cl E5 Cl DI El C9. ^n. 2(1. 47. C9. i ) t i } , i i. i l. for. Patches cíDFi. DB. FA. 0258. (JO. C)Ü. ooDü. CD 3e CO F5. (JO. (JEOCi. OE1O OE20 ÚEUÚ ÚE54 GE6G ÜE7Ú ÚE8Ü 024A Ú25A. 02pñ. 2G 2Ú CD Ü6 (JC. 21. CONSOL: E6. 01 CD CD. (JÓ, DE, 32 01 FA CO 21 Cl. 2Ü 3ü BF 2(J C3. 2(1 2Ü Ü9 CD DA. UÚ. (JE. 8'i. DE. CÍC/. CD. 01. 2(/ 2(1. Üü BF (J1. CD. FI 0107. C2. 028A CB CD. OD. C3 7F ü2. Cl,. ID C3 FA. CD 7R. E3 CD. CO. 87. CO. 2C/. 3Ü 2(J E6. 2C. j'Ij. 2C/. 3fi. 2íj. 2(J. Ü7 BF. 32 09 C3 2F. 2F CD DA. (JE. 35 78 Ü9 CD 78. C3 7Ú (JÉ. (JÉ. ?A. (JE. DA (Jl C6. CC/ (JE. CD D5. EJJ. 2Cj. C5. 32. 2G. 2C/. 3?. (JO. (JÓ. Üíj. lj6 (II. 2Ü CD. C3 70. Cilj BF DE. Ü(J. 69 21. (JÉ. 30. 47. CD. 60. CIÉ. (JCJ. 2Ü 37. B6 \ ).

(4) BOOTSTRAP. LC)ABER. FOR. MICROCHESS. ~ ~. is in a binary format. The paper tape version of MICROCHESS The non-blank frame EaU frame representz: one byte. 0(jCi(j. frame is The address non-blank the data for is last (JDFD. The linear checksum for the the data for address entire tape is exactly equal to 0(1.. first. loader has been provided to load MICROCHESS. Load the tape into the load the bootstrap at FOÚH. manually F0(JH. the tape reader. from Execute Start reader. If na a checksum HALT. checksum error occurs, the computer will If error occurs, the INTE light will light and the program will loop at address The. following. (JF. 3 3. .. 0F(J(J (JF(Jlj ÜFCÜ OFÜ6 OF07 CiFÜ8 OFOB OFÜE (JF(JF (JF12 ÜF13. (JFl'l OF15 cíF16 CiF17 ÓF18 ÓF19 (JF1C (JF1F CJF22. (jF2ú OF26 ÜF29 (JF2B OF2C OF2D OF2E OF31 OF32. OU3. ORG 31 FF 21 (j(j '15 'ID 11 Ció CD 22 B9 CA (JB 77 80 ú7. LXI. SP,0FFFH H,. (JÉ. LXI. OF. CALL CMP JZ MOV ADD MOV. D, ÓE(J0H INPUT. (JO. INTI-. OF. LOOP. INX. 23 IB 7A B3 CA CD C3 DB E6 CA DB C9 AF B8 C2 76 FB C3. 2C 22 12. DCX MOll ORA JZ CALL JMP. OF. OF OF INPUT. (JO. 4(J 22. OFOOH. LXT MOll MOV. OF. LOADR. ÚF. (J1. DONE 32. OF. 33. OF. ERROR. B C. O. ,L ,L. C. INTL ,A. M B B. ,A. H D A. ,D. E. DONE INPUT LOOP. IN. O. ANT dZ. UOH. IN. 1. RET XRA CMP JNZ HLT. INPUT. A B. ERROR. EI JYP. ERROR+1.

(5) OF. TABLE. PLAYER'S. CONTENTS. MANUAL 3. NOTATION EXECUTION PROGRAM COMMANDS MICROCHESS THE DISPLAY COMMAND COMMAND THE GO COMMAND THE SPEED COMMAND THE RESIGN COMMAND THE EXCHANGE YOUR MOVE ENTERING SPECIAL MOVES CASTLING PAWN PROMOTION EN PASSANT MOVE THE COMPUTER NOTES. 4. 'i 5 5. 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9. APPENDICES A APPENDIX THE PROGRAM THE CONTROL AND MOVE GENERATION DATA COLLECTION STRATEGY APPENDIX INPUT AND. El. APPENDIX. C. OUTPUT. II 11. INPUT/OUTPUT. l!12 !2 SUBROUTINES. 14. OPTIONS. DISPLAY CRT DISPLAY CUSTOM. PIECE. BOARD DISPLAY ADDRESSES FOR BOARD. APPENDIX RETURN TO. D. APPENDIX HEX DUMP. E. APPENDIX. TYPICAL. YOUR. OF. OPERATING. DISPLAY SYSTEM. MICROCHESS. 15 15 15 16. 17. 18. F. OUTPUT. FROM. MICROCHESS. 22.

(6) -. 3. -. Player's Manual NOTATION. f3?eciaI to a octal notation identify bythea Each board. the chess represented square is of squares The two digit number. to 7) sgecifies the rank(0 digit The end second digit eomputerG from the of the boari. (O to 7) from the the (your right eommter's sgeciÍies A below: board shown numbered is completely >!ICRÓCHES3. Ll3é3. first. left).. file. M. I. C. R. O. C. i'!. E. S. S. 02. 93. N. 05. CJG. 07. 12. 13. 14. 15. 1'i. 17. 21. 22. 23. 2'1. 25. 26. 27. 30. 31. 32. 33. 3ü. 35. 36. 37. 40. '11. '12. 43. 4'J. '15. '16. ú7. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. jjO. 61. 62. 53. 6'1. 65. 6!1. 67. 70. 71. 72. '73. DJ. lj1. 10. 11. 20. I. i. E i. t:. 7!. A. L. u L. [. K. 76. 75. G. l'. :. ". q. 2. 77.

(7) -. 4. -. program. execution. program is executed from address 0000. After "DO sign-on ask: message, MICRCCHESS initial will YOU WANT WHITE? (Y,N)". white, respond you wish to play you you wish to play black, respond with 'N'. with 'Y'. HICROCHESS wish decide which colour to play, respond with to MICROCHESS any other character. display the board will then the a and prompt program is ready with colon, indicating that to receive any operating command. MICROCHESS. The. printing. the. If. If. microchess. If. commands. to which. itof first letter a. MICROCHESS has commands seven be Commands may abbreviated to the commands word. must be terminated be may Typing corrected at. special. will the. respond. command. carriage return. All with a by typing any time errors and This the control-X. input buffer allow you to will clear retype the entire line.. command. COt'MAND. function. DISPLAY. Display. — GC). Make. SPEED. Change. the. the. jjEsLgN. End. Exchange. Exchange. }jUT0. Display. µ.o. display. Do. board from. a move. —. DISPLAY. summary. the. not. mode. at the the. terminal.. current position.. of tne computer's. play.. game.. sides. the. board. after each move.. display the board automatically..

(8) -. XS?iÁY. THE. 5. -. C2tlMAkO. corrLDuter 2oTmarl-! to display the 3í3?Lití iµ,5tµlj2tS t he ílí Zaarúi o? ?hes3 at t be tiie terminal. íat.ernal ímrren! position N7 t.he i fit tite h!I'j7,q'3gg!í33 -íí!x'ays l_us'rat.e: display, and is ;ÑÑ?2C Z72Í'. at: t.t"te t)"3tt.: }'í)1á are a!"A?í?'3 is indicated by a two Th o?íarac'ter 3ni3 character sh3'Ñs the colour of íírst slmws Th the the pAece. se?:)r!i type Uara±er f piece 32(?u?ying Black .squares Úich are unoccupied are square. tZat boarúi The .sample iÁíLustr"at.e: i by the display belm" shows ?!ayin£ s>t 'jiF to t)eqin a :azíe with YIC1?D?HF33 white. e. :. 'i. Zá)é\. "-'m.. m.aer2:. e. .. o. e. :. :. .. :. +"""""" I VK VN. MICAOCHESS YB VK \dQ VB. --""m--+ YN VR t. t ?. VP. VPVP. VPVP. VP. VP. i t I t I ! ! I I. VP. t !. 8. t. 8 8. t. 3. t. $. i. t. I J. 8. I t. i. t. $. e $. $ 8. t. E. i. l !. I I ! I +. THE. GIl. T. íR. h. e. ?3stion. command CC. the then. t. $ 8. BP. BPBP. HR. *. i. !. 8 b. BPBP BPBP. i !. BP. S. m--w--. BB BK BQ BB CIULLENGER. instructs. board,. BN. BR. l. -------+. b. if. ?ÁI?RQC2Z33. ¥IC2C)CHES3. Fo. choosie. the best move print out the rnove that: e entered at any ti'ne.. check to see '-"omputer move, or .. 8. 8. COMMAND. and m.o'ie, ? íjmrnancí may. 71 en. t. $ 3. yo. u. hav. if it trusts. e. mad. e. any. is making the j/ou.. You. examine. the. available,. it. moves. fimt must. mad e. ha s. The. computer since. "nove. current that. make .. will. last with the black. referee the. ga:. t he. Thi s not. ne..

(9) -. 6. SPEED. THE. COMMAND. MICROCHESS. can play chess at three called the NORMAL speed,. The best different levels. and level is requires frorn 60 to 30q By move some seconds per tirne for analysis. eliminating consuming the portions of strategic analysis, the speed can be increased. BLITZ mode requires only 20 seconds per move on the and SUPERBLITZ move average, in about 10 seconds. will make a MICROCHESS "WHICH ask: In respon3e to the SPEED command, will MODE? Type one of the to (S,B,N)". characters S,B, or N. desired choose the speed. time during the game.. This. SPEED. SUPERE3LITZ. B N. RESIGN. THE. RESIGN The MICROCHESS. entered. at any. YOVE. 5. TO. 10. SECONDS. BLITZ. 10. TO. 30. SECONDS. NORMAL. 30. TO. 300. SECONDS. COMMAND command. if. PER. TIME. S. may. be. SUMMARY. SPEED. ENTER. command. may. be. entered. at any time. display the final position of. will. you wish. to play. then. ask. THE. EXCHANGE. COMMAND. EXCHANGE. command. te the. the board,. end. game. and. again.. enables you to turn the board around at This forces FIICRGCHESS to play with point during the game. You pieces in the position that you have left them. must The the computer's men. play with relative positions of the same, pieces remain the numbering but the of the squares because the always changes has notation its origin at the computer's lower right. The. any your. is possible to have MICROCHESS play It then the entering the EXCHANGE command,. a. game against command,. GO. itself. then. by. the. and Eemember so on. that each move printed from opposite ends of the board because of is exchanges. the intervening It is best to display the board be sure that you are following moves to the three two or every. EXCHANGE. being. game. command,. described. correctly..

(10) ENTERING. YOUR. 7. -. KICVE. the by specifying square Your move is described to MICR0CE!ESS moved piece was the from, and the square the piece was moved example, For above. to, using the octal notation described with the computer playing white, a KP to KP4 response would be entered at the colon prompt as: 63-43. :. piece the appropriate GO command The response. its as move the Note that soon as is entered. MICRQCHESS no on out check legal validity your move. carries The program will accept a move of any piece on the board to any the square you move the piece to is square on the board. and occupied, the occupying piece will be captured removed from Therefore, board. the is very important when entering your an not to enter move, to take great care incorrect square As number. witb the commands, typing errors may be corrected by typing a control-x and retyping the entire line.. MICROCHESS. internally is assumed. move immediately will and begin to consider. If. it. SPECIAL. MOVES. MICROCHESS Normally, begins to consider its response as soon as you have entered your move in the format shown above. you wish to this action, in order to make two consecutive inhibit moves an to set up a test position, en passant to make or Y as ca?ture described an below, For the move. enter after example:. If. :. 63^UM. P 0. MICROCHESS. chess. will. special position.. the appropriate piece on its internal then return to the command mode for further Note once again, any that you may move in this manner, This includes the computer's you may wish move to in order to set up a. move. and board, commands or moves. piece on the board pieces which ,.

(11) -. 8. -. CASTLING. -O by Castling is accomplished entering t o castle on the O-O-O side and (short), king's to castle on the queen's side The (long). is used, not the numeral 0. letter O. O. 0-O. :. PROMOTION. PAWN. you If notation. move. pawn the MICROCHESS),. to. a. of. eighth rank. (rank. 0. t he ia n piece.. octal. Thi s to you may promote be done by following move the may sign and entry by an equal t he mnemonic of the piece you wish the pawn promoted to. Fo r example, Queen, the you wish to promote the king pawn to a following move would be entered:. it. if. i3-03·Q. :. board representation of MICROCHESS, Because of the internal yo u only one queen is allowed per side at any given time. be necessary to choose another already have a queen, will piece which has already been lost.. If. it. EN. PASSANT. En. passant with the. pawn capture my caFturinE ]. The t. Fe. aocomplisFe4. L)y ". makinq. two 'noves. first lateral move t o capture computcr' paw Tové is forwards to the final square c t at movirw Fo re tc ycur pawri example, a cajNure cf tiíe computer's queen pawn which has justr moved fjom 14 t.c 34 wIth ycur kiñiz pawn, ñoN located at jja, is accomplished y 33 o rst t.gv i fi I t the pawn to capture (using the to prevent" YICROCHESS from suffix moving), an he n 24 moving t Hc¶ jjl; tí to move your pawn to the approrriate F/¿2'r,':. Fíe. s. í:. L). ',' -. u. n. is. .. move a The seccnd. a. .. !19. ?. '·1. d. final. square.. 3-a. 4'4. :. 3. :. Y-24.

(12) COMPUTER. THE. 9. -. MOVE. indicates its move using the same notation that you To distinguish to enter your moves. your moves from those the computer's of the computer when go rig over an old listing, MC : as shown in preceded Ij'/ the notation: , moves are En passant F. the example game illustrated in appendix capture MICROCHESS move not the a generation routines. of part is Consequently, the computer or will never capture en passant when recognize the danger of you capturing en passant formulates its optirnutn move. 9AICR0CHESS. use. it. NOTES. Some MICROCHESS.. players. find that their level of play exceeds that of these order to make the game more challenging, make the same sacrifice they might make to a weak. may. In. players may They can spot the computer by removing a piece player. at the beginning of the game, or shortly after the opening play is concluded. This can easily be done by capturing with one of your own pieces, then returning the piece to its. human. it. own. it. For. square.. 74-73M 7fk74M. : :. !'IICR0CHESS. example:. has. been designed for your enjoyment. we always to addition, are open suggestions, Please us know you feel criticisms. let , anything we can do to improve our products, or if' new products you would like to see us present.. if. fun! In ideas, or that there is there are any Have.

(13) -. 1 O. -. ? '/.. ": ,—'(jt. ~ b_ KOe _ 0 D. ". w E D e e b. b 6 6. w<+ gaMqK4r«. %"">. :. "". ¶ ". P~. b ¿ J. ". .. 0. \ l. © b 0 Oµ. 0 V. ·' d. ". ¿J. j. L. "". ZAC,. "i. v )t»:í¿y:r:^, [. «. \.

(14) Ai'i'ij THE. f"R3GRÁt.l. The. prr'gram the sectArís: generation ani. AND. ij. 11. -. A. Uín±ima!Ly inUi [nr-2-3 distinct í1r)Llt/í3l|tp'jt routL7e3, the 7lOVé an:! the strategic QDtlecti3n r3|-lt)Ln23,. "!i','i!tñ. L3. mntm! :. analysis routines.. CONTROL. :. :. I ·'.. iata. arid. INPU"U0UT?UT. L3 responsibZe for program all c: and the human the crnguter player. The primary functions carried out are the Marci set up, and data In to addition sectionm table initialization this, the arid 'jáÜOUS in?ut commands subroutines are are interpreted The them. execute most important subroutine called which program called by the control 3ection is the CÜlé3S itself. ThU 13 a compLex 3éÉ of routines 'ahiú examine the current return a 7lC)Vé which has been state of the ches3 boar'l and evaluated as the be3t available.. Th: A section communications. MOVE. of. the between. GENERATION. of the program consists of a set of legal moves from a given position. PIICROCHESS, chess programs, playing larger That is, evaluates its opportunities in a serial manner. an available generate3 move, and evaluates it completely before The the next available move. generating evaluation routines a value calculate for each move which is compared with the value of the best move found so Far. better, If with it is future becomes the best move -'noves for comparison generated. The move with the highest value will be 3elected by !4ICROCHESS. The second. subroutines. major subsection which generate unlike most. it it. To. generate the moves for a ztL: ie MICFIOCZESS work3 through a all table which contains the board position of each piece. This is E, the table 3howrl in appendix Urst, a king pawn themove is and The generated evaluated. evaluation includes actual moving of the piece, arid the generation of potential reply The by the rnoves challenger. sequence of moves of the computer's gieces and the challenger's pieces may extend as far as three moves At for each side 5eyonci the current position. the end of this time, each move made 'v\1ill be taken back, until the board L3 returned t:j its original tñate. Then, the next be and move made, the available ThtA replies tested. will continues until all the moves for each piece have been tested. ?!ICRC)CZE33 is capable of generating and evaluating about 10,000 second. Thus, moves per in a V? second analysis 3,oc)o,o0o moves will be made arid taken bacik in an attempt to evaluate the available moves,. trial.

(15) -. 1 2. -. DATA. COLLECTION. For each test move available to the computer data are which will allow the to evaluate resulting position. normal mode the of operation MICROCHESS collects the by information for use strategy algorithms.. collected. it. (u. MOBILITY. ). This has. side MAXIMUM. TOTAL. under. (V).. CAPTURE. (P).. PIECE. ). ( a. being. The by a. .. attack The. folowing. a. it. presently. ATTACK. the. represents the number of legal moves that frorrí a given position. available to. CAPTURABLE. piece. In. of the st attacked by a side.. The. value. valuable. rno. of the values of side. sum. all. the. pieces. of any piece captured by the current available capture in a future t bemaximum achieved by a oan series o f captures. value. move,. o. he. r. which {an exchange).. move. maximum mobility, capturable piece, and the total attack the after are obtained for current position, and the position Tor both the oomputer move and its has been made the test c f opponent. Capture values to a depth are calculated three he pe side beyond provided t h e moves t current position r o f position examined can be achieved by a continuous sequence movinq piece In the value the piece, captures. of Ndition, and used and the squares occupies the move are after before it in the evaluatiou.. Th e. STRATEGY. atove test move has been generated, wiri t.!ae parameters tj y have been t routines, collected 'lata ccllect-ion t Th value to the TiOV€. strateEic analysis a]7(: rjti]rrl assi'fñs f v.2rioiÁs Hasic '?\7Ti)in.2tilTla alEorithm líncar f l:'y t U"1cy h i:a:íic ','.7jüc '73'"ji!"i(}'j S2'?l.Íjrg f3jCÚí parameters. "i;: (?jj(?I: |{"n¿z|f or' r>í'sif >:nia! as the availah: úit.;." íjf' grji" t!}t¿'í)aci{ ran): motion to the ccrñcr' cv out cf ,. After. a. !7 e. !1 e. .. g. T. a. e. c). ti. h e. 1!1. c·. a. ,. "3. í:. !".

(16) -. VALUE. ü.o0¢n. =. +. 1.25\Ñ. +. 0.75C'i. +. 0.75"ñ. +. 3. -. 0.25t'i. 2.OOqÍ - 1.250Í - 0.25C'o - 3jj0pÍ >'Sqo 0.25Ü - 0.25in - 0.25G the challenger's value.. 0.25¢u O.. (^). +. I. signifies. (n) subscript signifies the position at time n. (time is the current board position) O. ,. VALUE. =. VALUE. +. 02. VALUE. =. VALUE. +. 02. VALUE. m. FF. if. the. if if. a. piece is moved from the back rank.. a. piece is moved to the centre.. challenger is checkmated.. o rte The alEorit!am used by '4ICROCHESS is a relatively simple compared to major chess proqrams which can compete at an expert A must make the of fj I a y . s a level t h e computer result, advantage between development, decision positional or material Good he chess is based above. few upon factors outlined t and complex, considerably more requires that the player us e which time time v a r' y olti to algoriíñms during the game. fr MIC!IÜCHESS a siruzle has orily algorithm which must be used a t tía (except aI l staEes durinC e eawe for a few opening moves — I.) e c: n a book) . which sinEl€" µ1ayec! This om a limited fr middle ?±laorithm game, is ¿2r]da ccmpronise of the possible oyenjnE, e rid because game, special situation algorithms. is It"noves which of comprorni,se that l'l1CR0Cl!E3S sometimes makes are this not cpLima!..

(17) -. 14. INPUT. -. af'pendix. AND. OUTPUT. b. SUBR3UT!NE3. l'llCRÜCHE3á. is supplied with input arici outout. submattnes Újr A3Cíi These with an ASR 33 or equivalent ter'nMaZ. routines are 3Ílown below in smuree fbrmat: 0DE6 4i30 ********************************************* use. SUPPLIED. INPUT/OUTPUT ROUTINES 4140 * TELETYPE 4150 ********************************************* ROUTINE OUTPUT 4160 * 4170 ********************************************$ 0 IN 4180 TTYO 80H 4190 ANI TTYO 4200 JZ MOV 4210 HB OUT l 4220 RET 4230 4240 ********************************************* ROUTINE INPUT 4250 4k 4260 ********************************************* 0 IN 4270 TTYI 40X ANI 4280 TTYI 4290 JZ IN l 4300 ANJ 4310 7ñi BOA MOV 4320 RET 4330. 0DE6 0DE6. 0IE6 0IE6 0IE6 BDE8. 0ÍEA ODED BDEE. 0DF0 0DFI 0DFI. DB E6 CA 78 D3 C9. 00 80 E6. 0D. Dl. 0Díl 0Dfl. DB 00 0DF3 E6 40 0DF5 CA FI 0DF8 DB Dl 0DFA E6 7F 0DFC ODED. 0D. 47 C9. The. conventions used by these. i-. 234-. Status is on channel 0. 1. Data is on channel (40Fl). Data available is signalled by bit empty by Transmit buffer is signalled bit 6. These are routines necessary to suit the wish you 09DA address XX XX). (C3. If. with. a. The data. JMP. to. routines are:. shown,. so. individual. that you may modify requirements of your. 7. {8D,'i!).. them. ii. system. use your own I/O routine3 replace the data at own FI DO) with a JMP to your injjut routine (C? 26 DO) 03D7 Then, replace the data at address your own output routine (C3 XX XX). to. (C3. Z. TÍ!2 is passed in the register. parity bit "nay be an from Output: )'·!IcR0caE.s3 Íl2S the for input imsñructicm. or 0. There no set to requirement for savinj any of is parity bit the registers; however, the stack Doi7ter must be oremrved and the routines must end with a return instr'nctíUm. 1. B. * *. *.

(18) APPENDIX. DISPLAY. 15. -. C. OPTIONS. MICROCHESS commands the at available are NO AUTO DISPLAY. DISPLAY and These are corritnand the DISPLAY program to display causes Entering made by either move each side. the board immediately after NO command the DISPLAY Entering turn off the automatic will This is demonstrated in display feature. in the sample game Appendix F.. display option. Two command. The. prompt. the .A.UTO. default. option in the copy of MICROCHESS you have received The DISPLAY. may change the is user default option to allow each computer move, the program to display the board after each of the challenger's moves, or both. Replacing the after NOP 0120 (00 00 00) with a three instructions at address call (CD 42 02) be the board the to display subroutine cause to will MICROCFIESS. rnade by automatically displayed after each move wish each to have the board displayed automatically you after NOP at of your moves as well, replace the three instructions 0004 with the same subroutine call (CD 42 02). address NO. If. DISPLAY. CRT. If. you. screen,. are you. using wish. .nay. MICROCHESS.. instructions DA. 01. CUSTOM. If. which. This. (00 00 appears. BOARD. display with only 16 lines on the to shorten the board display provided by by entering 3 NOP is easily accomplished 00) at address 0258. This replaces the CD the code. in original a. CRT. DISPLAY. you wish to design your own board display for use with a graphic terminal own or just to gratify your artistic MICROCHESS may the ambitions, you replace display routine by replacing the data at address 0242 (CD AC 09) with a JMP to your own display subroutine (C3 XX XX)..

(19) -. 16. -. The. data required to display the board is contained in a tabl? 09EO. board address This table contains the of location at The would each piece. address and location of each piece as playing white is appear at the start of a game with MICROCHESS shown below.. it. PIECE. ADDRESSES. FOR. BOARD. DISPLAY. PIECE. MICROCHESS. CHALLENGER. King. 09ED. 03. 09FD. 73. Queen. 09EE. 04. 09FE. 7/j. 09EF. 00. 09FF. 70. Queen Rook. 09F0. 07. 0A00. 77. King. 09F1. 02. 0A01. 72. Queen Bishop. 09F2. 05. 0A02. 75. Knight. 09F3. 01. 0ÁOjj. 71. 09F4. 06. 0A04. 76. King. King. Rook. Bishop. Queen. Knight. KR. Pawn. 09F5. 10. 0A05. 60. QR. Pawn. 09F6. 17. 0A06. 67. KN. Pawn. 09F7. 11. 0A07. 61. QN. Pawn. 09F8. 16. 0A08. 66. KB. Pawn. 09F9. 12. 0A09. 62. QB. Pawn. 09FA. 15. DADA. 65. Q. Pawn. 0ÉWB. 14. 0A0B. 64. K. Pawn. 09FC. 13. 0A0C. 63.

(20) APPENDIX. RETURNING. you wish If end of a. TO. YOUR. OPERATING. to return. game, this at address instruction system. operating your Please. convenience. -. D. SYSTEM. to your operating directly be accomplished by can. 17. Ó1D7 Two. with. a NOE'S. entry point. in adding thfA patch.. JMP. have. systení. replacing. at. the to. the HALT. your xx xx been included for. as a is impossible to call YICROCHESS note, that the the subroutine because stack pointer program manipulates Thus, the several times during program execution. original return address will not be at the top of the stack when the return instruction is executed.. it.

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(25) 2 2. -. APPÉ_NC)ÍX. TYPICAL. P'f. JJUT?I1T. lcRocxmis. WRITTEN. DO. BYí. YOU. WANT. "-----! VFl VN. &. JENNINGS. P.. VHITE. ?. MICROCHESS VB VK VQ. VB. VP. VP. (YPÑ). F". F?íj\l. ?¢|I(j2: l71-!Es3. cc» 1977. T. O'BRIEbi. THE. N. USER. DECIDES. TO. PLAY. -------+ t VR IdH. l. ! VP. !. IdP. VP. VP. VP. VP. I I. l I. t. ! I ! I I. 8. t I t. !. B. i I ! I +. t. S. t. i. 8. t. 8. 8. t. 8 8. t. i. 6 8. t t. $. i. BP. i. t t. t. $. I l ! ! ! !. THE BOARD IS DISPLAYED AT OF THE GAME.. !. 8 8. !. BP. BP. BP. BP. BPBP. BP. l !. BR. BN. ------. BB BK BQ CIULLENGER. BB. BN. BR. !. -------+. SPEED. 8. THE THE. \dHXCH,M0IE. ?. (SpB.N). S. GO. t MC. E. t MC. I. t MC. t. 2. t. AUTO. 3. t. 52-33. t M C. t. USER WISHES TO SPEED OF PLAY.. He. 13-33 63-43 01"22 7 6 -55 02-46 7 i -52 0"0. I. 4. -----VK. MJCROCHESS VR IQ VQ VB. THE. GO:. MICROCHESS MOVE.. CAUSES MAKE A. P-K 4 N-KB3 B-B 4. VP. VP. VP. VP. BI. VN. $¿. xt. ad. VP. VP. VP. !. I ! ! ! I. i. $. i. i 8. 8$. 8. t. 8B. VB. st. BN. 88. BP. BP. BP. t t. t. 8$. !. I ! ! ! I +. 8 8. I t BP. BP. BR. --- ---. BP. $t. BB BK BQ BB CHALLEJ0GER. BP. BP. I ! I ! l i I ! !. l 8$. BR. -------". -. TO. K 4. N-QE33 N-E33. TURNS. DISPLAY N. " '. ON. X. THE FEATURE.. P. ". l. !. '. P. SUPERBLITZ. (J-O. -------+ VN VR ! !. SELECT. SELECTS MODE.. THE USER AUTOMATIC + l t !. AUTOMATICALLY THE BEGINNING. !. THE BOARD IS NOW AFTER EVERY MOVE.. DISPLAYED. BLACK..

(26) -. MC. 8. 14-34. +-----! VK l l !. 1dP. l. 5. MICROCHESS VR. it. VP. VP. S:. VN. 88. It. W. va. VB. It. VP. t t. t$. i VP. ! ! ! ! !. $$. tí BP. BP. BR. NO. 8. t. 3. tac. BP. t. It. W. IS. BP. BP. BP. BB BK BQ CHALLWGER. $8. S. ! BP. BB. tt BR -------+. MÍCROCHESS. THE USER AUTOMATIC. VP. I. u. VB. VP. VP. VQ. WP VP. VP. $8. VN. 8t. ;8. 88. !. BP. it ts BP. 88 BP. is VP. tt. to. BP. BB. I8. u. te BN. YB. u. BP. BP. BP. BP. ¶. BR. +------. Q-K2. 7. B. X. OFF. BK BQ BB CHALLENGER. It. EXCHANGE. THE. DISPLAY. B-K2. ·... 6. TURNS. N-Q3 N. A. -------+ VN VR I. WR. S. ¿. S. THE USER REQUESTS BOARD DISPLAY.. {. I. ¶. DISFLAY. !. I ! I !. VB. 72-63 04-13 33"54 46-55. +-----VK I. ! t. 8t. DJSFLAY. :. l. $8. $$. f I I I ! I I f. S. +-----t MC. VP. VP. u. t8. BP. u. !. P-Q4. -------+ YN VR !. ! S. 23. II BR -------+. I I f t ! t t ! I ! ! I ! !. THE USER EXCHANGES MICROCHESS.. MEN. WITH. -.

(27) 24. -. -. DISFLAY. t. $t. MICROCHESS BB BQ BK. BP. BP. BP. li. VB. BN. +-----BR t. ! !. t8. -------+ BR l !. BP. BB. BP. BP. BP. !. IB. ! !. l I ! !. l. II. !. I l ! t. l l. I. :. BP. t: VP. 8$ :. $3 83. YN. VQ. WP VP. VP. VP. VR. YN. VB VR : CHALLENGER. :. t. EXCHANGE AJJTO. t. 66-55. 8. +-----l YK VP. VK. -------+ EXCHANGE. TURN. MICROCHESS VR 88. VB. -------+ VN HR. VP. VP. $8. VN. VQ. $8. VP. VP. I. VP. !. II. I ! ! l !. 88. t8. BP. It BP. IB 38. SI. !. 88. it BP. VP. kt. 88. BP. BB. W. BP. BP. BP. 8t BP. ! !. .... I. f I ! I l. ldP. BR. +------. BACK. TO. THE. ORIGINAL POSITION.. I. !. it. I. !. !. 88. 3t. it. ! ! ! l ! ! i ! !. ti. VP. +------. ! ! l. 8$. THE BOARD IS DISPLAYED WITH THE MEN EXCHANGED. MICROCHESS IS NOW E3LACK, AND THE CHALLENGER IS WHITE.. 8$ BK BQ BB CHALLENGER. II BR -------+. ! ! i ! !. ON. THE. AUTO P. X. DISPLAY. E3.

(28) -. MC. I. 34-43. +------VK !. MICROCHESS VR. l !. VP. 8. It. WP VP. VQ. VN. t3. ! !. II. ! !. It. 88. ! I. IdB. II. VP. WP. is. 8$ :. It. VP. :. !. t:. !. BP. BP. t8. BP. BP. BP. BK BQ BB CHFLLENGER. BR. BB. 8$. BR. +------. +------VK I. It. tí. VP. VP. VP. VQ. ! I. It. it. !. ! l. VN. -------+. It BP. tí. BB. -------+ VR t WN. HP. VP. BR. t. 8$. II. BP. BP. BP. !. It. II. +------. ! !. !. tt EN. l I !. II. BK BQ BB CHALLENGER. st. ! I. :. WP. BP. WP. 88. ?$ BP. \dB. !. BP. ! !. !. !. EI. li tí. t !. I3. ,... MICROCHESS VR. !. l ! !. !. 54-66. $. l. S. !. ! I. ! I l !. t ! !. BP. BP. S. ! IS. BN. 8$. P. J. J !. X. !. VP. E8. -------+ VN \dR. P. II BR "--"---+. ! ! !. N-N2. 25.

(29) 2 1"/. PfC. -. 06-25. B. +-----l VK ! I. WP. g. MICROCHESS YR IS. VP. VP. VQ. tí. VN. 88. VB. -------+ HR. WP. 8$. liP. !. $. t. 8. VN. t. t t. t. 8. f. 8. !. !. I. I. VP. 8. 8 $. !. I I. l. !. !. t t. : I. ! !. ! ! +. BP. BP. BP. BB. ------. t:. BP. BP. BN. BP. IX BK BQ BB CHALLENGER. It BR ! -------+ RESIGNS. . . .. - I VIN!!!. RESIGNED. +-----I VK VP. NICROCHESS YR. VP. VP. VQ. IX. WN. Bt. 8 $. 8. BP. VP. VN. t. VP t t. t. t :. VP. t t. 8 3. t8. BP. BP. BP. W. BP. 1$ BK BQ CHALLENGER. BB. IS. BR. t BP. -------+ VR f. VP. u. t. t t 8 8. VB. u. $. t. BP. BB. 8t. BR. +-----PLAY THANKS. AÁ3AIN FOR. ?. (Y6N). THE. GAME.. I ! ! I ! ! I I ! ! I. !. !. I i !. RESIGN. YOU. !. 8t. BP. 1. BR. :. ! I ! I ! ! I l I !. Qf3 3. !. VP I. -. I ! l ! l. !. l !. N. ! I I. -------+ N. ... MICFÍOCHESS.. THE. GAME. IS. OVER..

(30)