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In-vivo NMR studies of the grains of oat
LENK, Rudolf, DEGLI AGOSTI, Robert, GREPPIN, Hubert
Abstract
We have studied by a pulse NMR spectroscopy the in vivo molecular dynamics of the water protons in the grain of oat under controlled environmental condition during the germination process.
LENK, Rudolf, DEGLI AGOSTI, Robert, GREPPIN, Hubert. In-vivo NMR studies of the grains of oat. Physiology and Biochemistry of cultivated plants , 1991, vol. 23, p. 474-475
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R. LENK, R. DEGLI AGOSTI, H. GREPPIN
IN-VIVO NMR STUDIES OF THE GRAINS OF OAT
Abstract
Wè. have studied by a pulse NMR spectroscopy the in vivo molecular .dynamics of the water protons in the grain of oat under controlled envi-
ronmental condition during the germination process.
Introduction and methods
The NMR investigations of the in vivo molecular dynamics in dependence of the time·revolution of the plant growth are significant for the actual problems of biophysics [1, 2]. For our particular applications, we let grow the oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Garry) grains directly in the 5 mm NMR :standard tubes. In this case (Fig. 1), the investigated grain (2) is sup-
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'Fig. 1. Experimental situation of the continuous in-situ measurement of spin·lattice re- 1axation in the germinating oat grain (Avena sativa L. cv. Garry). A) The grain (2) is placed into the standard NMR tubes (5 mm) on a filter paper water-guide (!). B) End of the germination. On can observe the roots (3) and epicotyle of the seed.ling (4) Fig. 2. Ti me evolution of the spin·lattice relaxation times (Tl) of the water protons m the oat grain during germination. A: Living grain. B: Killed grain
plied by a water-guide (1), consisting of band of paper, submerged in a reservoir of water. The T 1 relaxation times were measured by the usual inversion-recovery pulse sequence with the composite 180"
Levitt's pulse on a home-made apparatus, working at 25 MHz. The cros- sed-coil probe is situated in the 2.4 cm gap of a permanent magnet.
Results
The grains, placed inside of the recelV!ng coil and supplied by water, start the germination process. After about 3 days, one can observe the growth of the seedling. This is accompanied by the significant incre- .ase of the T 1 relaxa ti on ti me of the wa ter protons in the grain, as pre·
sented in Fig. 2A.
·We also studied the Tl relaxation in the grains, in which the ger- minating capacity was abolished by a pretreatment in boiling water before the beginning of the experiment. In the latter case, the Tl relaxation remained mostly independent of time (see Fig. 2B).
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Discussion
The results can be interpreted in terms of the time-dependent statisiical mechanics of the living state. The fast molecular dynamics, as measured by the Tl relaxation time, is responsible for the internai energy and the dynamic entropy, S-const. Tl, as shown in [1] and [2]. Consequently, our results show that in the grain, which is metabolic and thermodynamic reservoir, the living state is more intropic than the killed one. In this case, the reasons for it are quite simple: The living state needs the hig- her thermodynamic functions in the grain to assume the adequate morp- hogenesis and cell nutrition in the growing tissues. In the highly dyna- mic state, the molecular components can more easily find their final configuration and the nutrients can more easily diffuse toward their
·destina ti on.
REFERENCES
J. Lenk R. Biodynamics and NMR // Progr. Nue!. Med.- 1984.-8.- P. 55-61.
2. Lenk R. Fluctuations, diffusion and spin relaxtion.- Amsterdam: Elsevier, !986.-278 p.
Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Received 25.12.90
Pavillon des Isotopes. CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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R. Lenk, R. Degli Agosti, H. Greppin
IN-VIVO NMR STUDIES OF GRAINS OF OAT
Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Pavillon des Isotopes.
CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
The in-vivo molecular dynamics of water protons in the grain of oat under controlled
· environmental conditions du ring the germination process bas been studied by a pulse NM.R ·spectroscopy.
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