Received 1 April 2019 Accepted 9 April 2019
Edited by M. Weil, Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Keywords: crystal structure; hydrogen bond;
C—H (ring) interactions; pyrazolo- pyrimidine; Hirshfeld surface analysis.
CCDC reference: 1909062
Supporting information: this article has supporting information at journals.iucr.org/e
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-
pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine
Mohamed El Hafi,
a* Sevgi Kansiz,
b* Sanae Lahmidi,
aMohammed Boulhaoua,
aYoussef Ramli,
cNecmi Dege,
bEl Mokhtar Essassi
aand Joel T. Mague
da
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique He´te´rocyclique, Centre de Recherche Des Sciences des Me´dicaments, Poˆle de Compe´tence Pharmacochimie, Av Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Faculte´ des Sciences, Universite´ Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco,
bOndokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, 55139, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey,
cLaboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V, University Rabat, Morocco, and
dDepartment of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA. *Correspondence e-mail:
elhafi.mohamed1@gmail.com, sevgi.kansiz85@gmail.com
In the title molecule, C
19H
16N
4O, the planar pyrazolopyrimidine moiety is inclined to the attached phenyl rings by 35.42 (4) and 54.51 (6)
. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked into chains parallel to [110] and [110] by C—
H O and C—H N hydrogen bonds. Additional C—H (ring) interactions lead to the formation of the final three-dimensional network structure. The Hirshfeld surface analysis of the title compound suggests that the most significant contributions to the crystal packing are from H H (48.2%), C H/
H C (23.9%) and N H/H N (17.4%) contacts.
1. Chemical context
Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives represent an important class of compounds because of their potent biological activ- ities and thus find applications as antiproliferative (Tallani et al., 2010), antibacterial (Rostamizadeh et al., 2013) or anti- tumor agents (Tintori et al., 2015). The present contribution is a continuation of the investigation of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimi- dine derivatives recently published by us (El Hafi et al., 2017, 2018a,b). We report herein the synthesis, molecular and crystal structures of the title compound, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1- methyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (Fig. 1), along with the results of a Hirshfeld surface analysis.
2. Structural commentary
The heterocyclic ring system is planar (r.m.s. deviation of the fitted atoms = 0.0194 A ˚ ) with a maximum displacement of 0.0329 (10) A ˚ from the mean plane for atom C1. The attached
ISSN 2056-9890
benzene rings (C6–C11 and C13–C18) are inclined to the above plane by 35.42 (4) and 54.51 (6)
, respectively.
3. Supramolecular features
In the crystal, a combination of C9—H9 N2 hydrogen bonds between aromatic hydrogen atoms and one of the pyrimidine N atoms as well as C12—H12B O1 hydrogen bonds between a methyl H atom and the methoxy O atoms of adjacent mol- ecules lead to the formation of chains extending alternately parallel to [110] and [110] (Table 1 and Fig. 2). Centrosym- metric dimers with an R
22(8) graph-set motif are formed by pairwise C17—H17 O1 hydrogen bonds. The chains are linked into layers parallel to (001) by C19—H19C Cg1 interactions, and pairs of layers are joined into thicker slabs by C19—H19B Cg4 interactions (Table 1 and Figs. 2–4).
4. Database survey
A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD, version 5.40, update November 2018; Groom et al., 2016) for the 1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine skeleton yielded seven hits. In all of these structures, the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimi-
research communications
Acta Cryst. (2019). E75, 638–641 El Hafi et al.
C
19H
16N
4O 639
Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (A ˚ ,
).
Cg1 and Cg4 are the centroids of the C3/C4/C5/N4/N3 and C13–C18 rings, respectively.
D—H A D—H H A D A D—H A
C9—H9 N2
i0.988 (18) 2.579 (17) 3.3995 (19) 140.3 (14) C12—H12B O1
ii0.98 (2) 2.49 (2) 3.2694 (19) 136.4 (15) C17—H17 O1
iii0.983 (17) 2.618 (9) 3.4973 (17) 149.3 (14) C19—H19B Cg4
iv1.02 (2) 2.74 (2) 3.5928 (19) 141.9 (14) C19—H19C Cg1
v0.995 (19) 2.947 (19) 3.9072 (19) 162.0 (15) Symmetry codes: (i) x 1; y þ 1; z; (ii) x þ 1; y 1; z; (iii) x; y þ 1; z þ 1; (iv) x þ 1; y þ 1; z þ 1; (v) x; y þ 1; z.
Figure 2
Details of the intermolecular interactions in a view along [100]. C—
H O and C—H N hydrogen bonds are shown, respectively, as black and light-purple dashed lines while the C—H (ring) interactions are shown as green dashed lines. [Symmetry codes: (i) x + 1, y + 1, z + 1;
(ii) x + 1, y 1, z; (iii) x 1, y + 1, z.]
Figure 3
Packing of the crystal viewed along [100] with intermolecular interactions depicted as in Fig. 2.
Figure 1
The title molecule with the labeling scheme and displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability level.
Figure 4
Packing of the crystal viewed along [010] with intermolecular interactions
depicted as in Fig. 2.
dine rings are planar, as in the title compound. In FEWVIP (El Hafi et al., 2018a), centrosymmetric dimers with an R
22(8) graph set motif are formed by pairwise N—H O hydrogen bonds; the dimers are connected into chains parallel to [001], similar to those in the title compound. Neighbouring mol- ecules in FAXFEP (Sheldrick & Bell, 1987a) and in FOGXAA, FOGXEE, FOGXII, JAGROY (Sheldrick & Bell, 1987b) are linked by N—H O hydrogen bonds, whereas in XAXRUM (El Fal et al., 2017), C—H N hydrogen bonds are responsible for the formation of double chains running parallel to [100].
5. Hirshfeld surface analysis
CrystalExplorer17 (Turner et al., 2017) was used to perform the Hirshfeld surface analysis (Spackman & Jayatilaka, 2009) and obtain the associated two-dimensional fingerprint plots (McKinnon et al., 2007). Fig. 5 shows d
norm, d
i, d
e, shape-index, curvedness and electrostatic potential mapped over the Hirshfeld surface for the title compound while Fig. 6 illustrates the Hirshfeld surface of the molecule in the crystal, with the evident hydrogen-bonding interactions indicated as intense red spots.
Fig. 7a shows the two-dimensional fingerprint of the sum of the contacts contributing to the Hirshfeld surface represented in normal mode. The fingerprint plots provide information about the percentage contributions of various interatomic
contacts in the structure. The blue color refers to the frequency of occurrence of the (d
i, d
e) pair with the full fingerprint outlined in gray. Individual fingerprint plots (Fig. 7b) reveal that the H H contacts clearly give the most significant contribution to the Hirshfeld surface (48.2%). In addition, C H/H C, N H/H N, O H/H O and C N/N C contacts contribute 23.9%, 17.4%, 5.3% and 2.6%, respectively, to the Hirshfeld surface. In particular, the N H/H N and O H/H O contacts indicate the presence of intermolecular C—H N and C—H O inter- actions, respectively. Much weaker C C (2.2%) and C O/
O C (0.5%) contacts also occur.
A view of the molecular electrostatic potential, in the range 0.0500 to 0.0500 a.u. using the 6-31G(d,p) basis set (DFT method), for the title compound is shown in Fig. 8. The donors Figure 5
The Hirshfeld surfaces of the title compound mapped over (a) d
norm, (b) d
i, (c) d
e, (d) shape-index, (e) curvedness and (f) electrostatic potential.
Figure 6
d
normmapped on Hirshfeld surfaces for visualizing the intermolecular interactions of the title compound.
Figure 7
Two-dimensional fingerprint plots for the title structure, with a d
normview and relative contribution of the atom pairs to the Hirshfeld surface.
Figure 8
A view of the molecular electrostatic potential of the title compound in
the range 0.05 to 0.05 a.u. using the 6–31G(d,p) basis set (DFT method).
and acceptors for C—H O and C—H N hydrogen bonds are shown as blue and red areas around the atoms related with positive (hydrogen-bond donors) and negative (hydrogen- bond acceptors) electrostatic potentials, respectively.
6. Synthesis and crystallization
Under an atmosphere of argon, a mixture of 1-methyl-4- phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (0.1 g, 0.47 mmol), 4-iodoanisole (0.22 g, 0.95 mmol), Cs
2CO
3(0.46g, 1.42 mmol), K
3PO
4(0.25 g, 1.18 mmol), 1,10-phenanthroline (0.034 g, 0.19 mmol), and Pd(OAc)
2(0.021 g, 0.094 mmol) in DMA (3 ml) was heated to 438 K for 48 h. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Water (15 ml) was added, and the resulting aqueous phase was extracted with CH
2Cl
2(3 15 ml). The combined organic layers were dried with MgSO
4and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/petroleum ether). The title compound was recrystallized from ethanol at room temperature, giving colorless crystals (yield: 71%; m.p. 412–414 K).
7. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2. All H atoms were located in a difference-Fourier map and were freely refined.
Funding information
The support of NSF–MRI grant No. 1228232 for the purchase of the diffractometer and Tulane University for support of the Tulane Crystallography Laboratory are gratefully acknowl- edged.
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Acta Cryst. (2019). E75, 638–641 El Hafi et al.
C
19H
16N
4O 641
Table 2
Experimental details.
Crystal data
Chemical formula C
19H
16N
4O
M
r316.36
Crystal system, space group Monoclinic, P2
1/n
Temperature (K) 150
a, b, c (A ˚ ) 6.5227 (3), 7.8979 (4), 30.7774 (15)
(
) 95.389 (2)
V (A ˚
3) 1578.51 (13)
Z 4
Radiation type Cu K
(mm
1) 0.69
Crystal size (mm) 0.30 0.24 0.04
Data collection
Diffractometer Bruker D8 VENTURE PHOTON
100 CMOS
Absorption correction Multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)
T
min, T
max0.85, 0.98
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2(I)] reflections
11542, 3069, 2613
R
int0.035
(sin /)
max(A ˚
1) 0.617
Refinement
R[F
2> 2(F
2)], wR(F
2), S 0.039, 0.091, 1.06
No. of reflections 3069
No. of parameters 282
H-atom treatment All H-atom parameters refined
max