L'action internationale des collectivités territoriales françaises : La construction d'une coopération interterritoriale et interrégionale dans l'Arc latin et le Maghreb

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L’action internationale des collectivités territoriales

françaises : La construction d’une coopération

interterritoriale et interrégionale dans l’Arc latin et le

Maghreb

Anissa Marre

To cite this version:

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Délivré par l’Université de Montpellier

Préparée au sein de l’école doctorale

Droit et Science politique

Et de l’unité de recherche

Spécialité : Droit public

Présentée par Anissa MARRE

Soutenue le 20 avril 2016 devant le jury composé de

M. Florian LINDITCH

Professeur à l’Université Paul Cézanne d’Aix-Marseille III, Avocat au barreau de Marseille.

Rapporteur

M. Jean-François CALMETTE

Maître de conférences – HDR, Université de Perpignan.

Rapporteur

M. Patrice NDIAYE

Maître de conférences – HDR, Université de Montpellier.

Mme Corinne CANAYER

Représentante de la Mairie de Montpellier.

Mme Catherine RIBOT

Professeure de Droit Public, Faculté de Droit de Montpellier

Directrice de recherche ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

L’action internationale des collectivités

territoriales françaises

La construction d’une coopération

interterritoriale et interrégionale dans l’Arc latin

et le Maghreb

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

1 _{Michel CASTEIGTS, Spécialiste de Fernand BRAUDEL, in : Jean-Louis GUIGOU et Michel DAVID, La}

coopération décentralisée en Méditerranée, Enquêtes par entretiens de l’IPEMED, avec la collaboration de l’ADF, l’AMGVF et l’ARF, octobre 2012, 34p. La thèse révolutionnaire de Fernand BRAUDEL sur la Méditerranée est parue en 1949 et pensait la Méditerranée comme un espace porteur de dynamiques sociales, économiques et politiques.

2 _{Pierre-Yves CHICOT, La compétence internationale des collectivités territoriales françaises, L’action}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

3

Bertrand GALLET, 2005, Les enjeux de la coopération décentralisée, Revue internationale et stratégique, n° 57, pp. 61-70. DOI : 10.3917/ris.057.0061.

L_{!André LAIGNEL, Rapport sur l’action extérieure des collectivités territoriales françaises, « Nouvelles}

approches…nouvelles ambitions » présenté à Monsieur le Ministre des Affaires étrangères déposé le 23 janvier 2013 au Sénat.

5

J-C PEYRONNET, Rapport d’information n°123, La solidarité internationale à l’échelle des territoires : état des lieux et perspectives, fait au nom de la délégation aux collectivités territoriales, 13 novembre 2012, Sénat.!!!

6 _{Romain PASQUIER, Vincent SIMOULIN, Julien WEISBEIN (dir.), La gouvernance territoriale, Paris, LGDJ,}

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7 _{James N. Rosenau, Turbulences in World Politics : A theory of Change and Continuity, Princeton, Princeton}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

8 _{Jamil SAYAH, Nord/Sud, pour une approche nouvelle de la coopération décentralisée, IDHIL, Action}

Internationale et Territoires, 2012, n° 1, 21 p.

9 _{Patrice! NDIAYE, Les collectivités territoriales et l’ordre international, Etat et perspectives de la}

décentralisation des relations internationales dans le cadre unitaire français, Thèse droit public, Montpellier, 1994.!

10 _{La première relation non officielle à être nouée entre deux villes franco-allemandes est le jumelage entre}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

11 _{Marie-José TULARD, La coopération décentralisée, Politiques Locales, LGDJ, juillet 2006, 114 p.} 12

Yves VILTARD, Que faire de la rhétorique de l’amitié en Relations Internationales ?, Raisons politiques, 2009, n° 33, pp. 127-147, DOI : 10.3917/rai.033.0127.

13 _{Nicolas KADA, Les collectivités territoriales dans l’Union européenne, Vers une Europe décentralisée ?,}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

15

Comité des Régions, Avis sur la stratégie pour la promotion de la coopération transfrontière et interrégionale dans une Europe élargie – un document fondamental et d’orientation pour l’avenir, Bruxelles, 13 et 14 mars 2002, CdR 181/2000, 16 p.

16 _{Projet de loi autorisant l’approbation du protocole n°3 à la convention-cadre européenne sur la coopération}

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18 _{Bertrand GALLET, Les enjeux de la coopération décentralisée, Revue internationale et stratégique 1/2005}

(N°57), p. 61-70 URL : www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-et-strategique-2005-1-page-61.html DOI : 10.3917/ris.057.0061.

19 _{Patrice NDIAYE, Les collectivités territoriales et l’ordre international, Etat et perspectives de la}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

20 _{Romain PASQUIER, Quand le local rencontre le global : contours et enjeux de l’Action Internationale des}

collectivités territoriales, Revue française d’administration publique, 2012/1, n°141, pp. 167-182.

21

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

22 _{Note d’orientation sur la coopération décentralisée, Commission européenne, 23 décembre 1999.} 23

Franck PETITEVILLE, La coopération décentralisée, Les collectivités locales dans la coopération Nord-Sud, Logiques politiques, l’Harmattan, 1995, 278 p., p. 19.

24 _{Circulaire du Premier Ministre du 26 mai 1983, relative à l’action extérieure des collectivités locales (n°}

1789/SG, non publiée au J.O.).

25

Robert LAFORE, L’action à l’étranger des collectivités territoriales, Revue du droit public, LGDJ, 3-1988, p. 766.

26 _{Yves LUCHAIRE, Fondements juridiques des relations extérieures des régions françaises, in Cahiers du}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

27 _{Circulaire du Premier Ministre du 10 mai 1985 relative à l’action extérieure des collectivités territoriales (n°}

2053/SG, non publiée au J.O.).

28

Hubert PERROT, L’état de la coopération décentralisée dans l’ensemble du monde et les propositions auxquelles conduit l’observation de son évolution depuis 1987. Rapport annuel d’activité du délégué pour l’action extérieure des collectivités locales ministère des affaires étrangères, août 1991

29 _{Bernard DOLEZ, Nouvelles perspectives de la coopération décentralisée, Regards sur l’actualité, juin 1992, p.}

38.

30 _{L’action extérieure des collectivités territoriales « englobe toutes les formes de coopération décentralisée », G.}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

31 _{André LAIGNEL, 2013, Rapport sur l'action extérieure des collectivités territoriales françaises, nouvelles}

approches, nouvelles ambitions, 87 p.

32 _{Loi n° 2014-58 du 27 janvier 2014 de modernisation de l'action publique territoriale et d'affirmation des}

métropoles.

33 _{LOI n° 2014-773 du 7 juillet 2014 d'orientation et de programmation relative à la politique de développement}

et de solidarité internationale.

34 _{Y. VILTARD, Diplomatie des villes : collectivités territoriales et relations internationales, Politique}

étrangère, 2010/3 Automne, p. 593-604. DOI : 10.3917/pe.103.0593.

35 _{Agenda de la Haye sur la diplomatie des villes, en ligne sur Cities-localgoverments.org. Cette première}

! ##!

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

36 _{Nicolas MAISETTI, La diplomatie décentralisée en région PACA, in : La diplomatie des autorités locales et}

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

37

Bertrand GALLET, Directeur de Cités Unies France, Les enjeux de la coopération décentralisée, Revue internationale et stratégique 1/2005 (N° 57), pp. 61 - 70.

38 _{Expression de Pierre POUGNAUD, lors de l’Université d’automne de l’ARRICOD du 17 septembre 2010,}

cité par Élise GARCIA, L’action internationale des collectivités territoriales : un outil de développement des territoires français,2013, Thèse de Doctorat en Géographie-Aménagement, sous la direction d’Élisabeth Auclair et Sid-Ahmed Souiah, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 2013, 361 p. [en ligne et consultée le 4 janvier 2015], http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/95/15/51/PDF/38709_GARCIA_2013_archivage.pdf, p. 55.

39

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

40 _{Voir notamment : Christian AUTEXIER, L’action extérieure des régions, Cahiers juridiques franco-allemand,}

1984, n°4, p. 27.

41 _{Jean Marie WOEHRLING, Les aspects juridiques de la coopération transfrontalière entre collectivités locales}

(vrais et faux problèmes), Revue d’Allemagne et des pays de langue allemande, avril-septembre 2001, tome 33, n°2/3.

42 _{Le législateur utilise le principe du parallélisme des compétences posé par la CJCE dans l’arrêt AETR}

31/03/1971 et KRAMER 14/07/1976. Elle affirme donc que les collectivités peuvent mener des actions internationales mais « dans la limite de leurs compétences ».

43 _{Loi n° 2005-95 du 9 février 2005 relative à la coopération internationale des collectivités territoriales et des}

agences de l'eau dans les domaines de l'alimentation en eau et de l'assainissement.

44

Amendement N° 50 du 10/10/2006 3ème rectificatif au texte N° 20062007-003 - Article additionnel après article 16 bis (Adopté).

45 _{Loi n° 2007-147 du 2 février 2007 relative à l'action extérieure des collectivités territoriales et de leurs}