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Grammatical Inference as Unification

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HAL Id: inria-00073042

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073042

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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Grammatical Inference as Unification

Jacques Nicolas

To cite this version:

Jacques Nicolas. Grammatical Inference as Unification. [Research Report] RR-3632, INRIA. 1999.

�inria-00073042�

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ISSN 0249-6399

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Grammatical inference as unification

Jacques Nicolas

No 3632

mars 1999

TH `EME 3

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