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Impacts of chronic and pulse pesticide exposures on periphyton communities
Agnes Bouchez, Ahmed Tlili, Annette Berard, Bernard Montuelle
To cite this version:
Agnes Bouchez, Ahmed Tlili, Annette Berard, Bernard Montuelle. Impacts of chronic and pulse pesticide exposures on periphyton communities. SEFS7 Symposium for European Freshwater Sciences, Jun 2011, Girona, Spain. 17 p. �hal-02809233�
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
7th Symposium for European Freshwater Sciences
Impacts of chronic and pulse
pesticide exposures on periphyton communities
Agnès BOUCHEZ, Ahmed TLILI, Annette BERARD, Bernard MONTUELLE
7th SEFS 27 june 2011
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
River biofilms
• basic aquatic biocenosis
• key roles in aquatic ecosystems
• good bio-indicators of ecological quality
Phototrophic Heterotrophic Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
Periphyton
7th SEFS 27 june 2011
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
Pesticides
Floodings
Changes
Structure – Diversity - Function
Nutrients Organic
matters
Physical factors Grazing
Chemicals
Periphyton
7th SEFS 27 june 2011
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
7th SEFS 27 june 2011
TOX
Chronic exposure
• Structural changes
• Functional changes (PICT Pollution Induced Community Tolerance)
Intensity and frequency of the exposition to pesticides may modify their impact on the microbial communities.
TOX
Acute exposure
(flooding pulses)
Pulse frequency Pulse intensity
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
4 artificial streams
INRA Thonon – France
(provided by LSE)
Fixed periphyton (glass plates)
Herbicide: diuron
Fungicide : tebuconazol
Impacts on algae:
structural - functional
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
7th SEFS 27 june 2011
day
[ ] diuron + tebuconazol µg/L
day
day day
Control
Control
Chronic
Chronic
Pulse 1 Pulse 2 Pulse 3
Pulse 1 Pulse 2 Pulse 3
Contamination scenarios
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
jour
[ ] diuron + tebuconazol µg/L
jour
Chronic
Chronic
Pulse 1 Pulse 2 Pulse 3
Pulse 1 Pulse 2 Pulse 3
Contamination scenarios
17h 5h
6h 7 days
Pulses :
- 20 µg/L diuron
- 10 µg/L tebuconazol
Chemical and biological monitoring – weekly
Photosynthesis efficiency throughout pulses
Chronic :
1 µg/L diuron + 0.5 µg/L tebuconazol
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T 0
0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1
chronic+pulse control+pulse
Diuron concentrations in periphyton
Pulse 1 Pulse 2 Pulse 3 3 weeks after P3
• accumulation of diuron in periphyton undergoing pulses (increasingly)
• persistent 1 week after the last pulse when
chronic contamination
• back to chronic level 3 weeks after the last pulse
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
0,00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60
pulse 1 + 1 semaine pulse 3 + 1 semaine pulse 3 + 3 semaines EC50 µM diuron
*
• the chronic exposure does not induce tolerance acquisition
Diuron tolerance (biotests / photosynthesis)
1 week after pulse3
1 week after pulse1 3 weeks after pulse3 control + pulse chronic + pulse control
chronic
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
0,00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60
pulse 1 + 1 semaine pulse 3 + 1 semaine pulse 3 + 3 semaines EC50 µM diuron
*
• the chronic exposure does not induce tolerance acquisition
• cumulative effect of chronic + acute exposure on tolerance acquisition
Diuron tolerance (photosynthesis)
1 week after pulse3
1 week after pulse1 3 weeks after pulse3 control + pulse chronic + pulse control
chronic
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
0,00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60
pulse 1 + 1 semaine pulse 3 + 1 semaine pulse 3 + 3 semaines EC50 µM diuron
*
• the chronic exposure does not induce tolerance acquisition
• cumulative effect of chronic + acute exposure on tolerance acquisition
• after 3 weeks disappearance of acquired tolerance
Diuron tolerance (photosynthesis)
1 week after pulse3
1 week after pulse1 3 weeks after pulse3 control + pulse chronic + pulse control
chronic
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Pulse 2
Pulse 3
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Pulse 1
T0 T0 + 5h T0 + 11h T0 + 24h
control + pulse chronic + pulse control
chronic
Photosynthetic efficiency monitoring during pulses
• Pulse effect : inhibition
• After successive pulses, chronically-exposed
periphyton becomes less sensitive to pulses
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
diuron & tebuconazol in water diuron in biofilm
eukaryotic diversity (DGGE 18S)
• structuring effect of pulses on the diversity of the eukaryotic community
control + pulse chronic + pulse control
chronic
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
diuron & tebuconazol in water - diuron in biofilm
eukaryotic diversity (DGGE 18S)
• structuring effect of pulses on the diversity of the eukaryotic community
• no effect of pulses on eukaryotic diversity of biofilms submitted to the chronic exposure
control + pulse chronic + pulse control
chronic
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
(1) Acquired tolerance to xenobiotics is strongly modulated by the exposure history of the biofilm microbial communities.
(2) Cumulative effects of (i) chronic and acute exposures and (ii) successive acute exposures.
(3) Structural changes of microbial communities not necessarily induce functional changes in these communities and vice versa.
(4) Functional restoration within a few weeks, remaining structural effect on the algae community.
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
and then ?
Combine pesticides exposure with hydraulic aspects of flooding
In situ impacts
A L I M E N T A T I O N A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N N E M E N T
acknowledgments
ONEMA French national agency for water and aquatic ecosystems PADYMA national program
P. Perney, B. Le Berre, P. Chifflet in the INRA lab C. Guillemain, C. Margoum in the Cemagref lab
7th SEFS 27 june 2011
