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Bipolar cascade lasers

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Figure

Figure  1-1.  A  unipolar  cascade  laser.  Each  gain  stage  is  separated  from  the  next  by  a  superlattice
Figure  1-5.  A  cascade  laser.  The laser contains  three  quantum  wells as  in  Fig.3 but  now each  electron  may recombine  in  the  first  well,  tunnel  to  the  next  well  and  so  on  through  the  cascade
Figure  1-8.  a)  The  gain  lever  laser.  Sections  A  and B  are  biased  to different  points of the  gain  curve  of b).
Figure  2-4.  a) The tunnel junction  in reverse  bias. b)  The  operating  point for  the bias  of part a).
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