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Proposed test method to determine the discharge rate of plumbing
fixtures and devices
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA
DIVISION OF BUILDING RESEARCH
PROPOSED TEST METHOD TO DETERMINE
THE DISCHARGE RATE OF PLUMBING FIXTURES
AND DEVICES
Prepared by
R.
K.
Beach
Internal Report No. 420
o f the
DIVISION OF BUILDING RESEARCH
PREFACE
The Proposed T e s t Method t o Determine t h e D i s c h a r g e R a t e o f Plumbing F i x t u r e s a n d D e v i c e s h a s b e e n p r e p a r e d , i n t h e f i r s t i n s t a n c e , f o r r e v i e w a n d comment by members o f t h e CIB Working Commission W62 "Water S u p p l y and D r a i n a g e f o r B u i l d i n g s . I 1 M r . R . K . Beach o f t h e B u i l d i n g S e r v i c e s S e c t i o n , D i v i s i o n o f B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h a n d a member o f CIB W62 u n d e r t o o k t o g a t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n from o t h e r members a n d , u s i n g t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n a s a b a s i s , t o p r e p a r e a d r a f t s t a n d a r d . The f o l l o w i n g p e r s o n s c o n t r i b u t e d i n f o r m a t i o n ; t h e i r i n p u t i s g r e a t l y a p p r e c i a t e d : M r . E s k i l O l s s o n M r . T o r e Rbsrud M r . Viggo N i e l s e n M r . P. Dauphin D r . B r i a n P i n k D r . F u m i t o s h i Kiya M r . Tom Konen M r . Ken Beach The N a t i o n a l Swedish I n s t i t u t e f o r B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h , Stockholm Norwegian B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h I n s t i t u t e , O s l o Danish B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h I n s t i t u t e , Copenhagen C e n t r e E x p e r i m e n t a l d e R e c h e r c h e s e t d l E t u d e s d u B s t i m e n t e t d e s Travaux P u b l i c s , P a r i s , F r a n c e B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h E s t a b l i s h m e n t , G a r s t o n , England
Tokyo I n s t i t u t e o f Technology, Tokyo S t e v e n s I n s t i t u t e o f Technology, Hoboken, New J e r s e y , USA
D i v i s i o n o f B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h
N a t i o n a l R e s e a r c h C o u n c i l o f Canada, Ottawa.
T h i s R e p o r t i s i n two p a r t s : t h e p r o p o s e d s t a n d a r d and Appendix A , which c o n t a i n s e x p l a n a t o r y n o t e s c o n c e r n i n g i t e m s i n t h e s t a n d a r d . Comments on t h i s p r o p o s e d s t a n d a r d w i l l b e welcomed. O t t a w a September 1975 C . B . Crawford D i r e c t o r , DBR/NRC
.
PROPOSED TEST METHOD TO 1)ETERMlNE THE DISCHARGE RATE O F PLUMBING FIXTURES A N D DEVlCES
P r e p a r e d by R . K . BEACH 1 . SCOPE T h i s method c o v e r s a p r o c e d u r e f o r d e t e r m i n i n g t h e d i s c h a r g e r a t e o f plumbing f i x t u r e s and d e v i c e s . 2 . APPARATUS
( a ) Receiving Tank: A t a n k o f s u i t a b l e s i z e , equipped with b a f f l e s t o p r e v e n t wave a c t i o n o r momentum o f t h e d i s c h a r g i n g w a t e r from a f f e c t i n g t h e a c c u r a c y o f t h e r e a d i n g s . I f t h e t a n k i s p r o v i d e d w i t h a p i p e t o r e c e i v e t h e d i s c h a r g i n g water and d i r e c t it i n t o t h e t a n k , t h e p i p e s h a l l be i n s t a l l e d v e r t i c a l l y w i t h o u t o f f s e t s and s h a l l have a s i z e a t l e a s t e q u a l t o t h a t o f t h e p i p i n g from a water c l o s e t .
(b) Measuring and Recording Equipment: To measure t h e accumulation o f w a t e r i n t h e r e c e i v i n g t a n k r e l a t i v e t o t i m e and r e c o r d t h e d a t a on a c o n t i n u i n g b a s i s , ( c ) F i x t u r e p i p i n g : F i x t u r e p i p i n g s h a l l be p r o v i d e d a s shown i n F i g u r e 1 . Appliances and f i x t u r e s w i t h i n t e g r a l t r a p s t h a t d i s c h a r g e v e r t i c a l l y downward s h a l l be s e t t o d i s c h a r g e d i r e c t l y i n t o t h e r e c e i v i n g t a n k o r r e c e i v i n g p i p e .
The c o n n e c t i o n between t h e f i x t u r e p i p i n g and r e c e i v e r need n o t be s e a l e d p r o v i d e d l o s s o f water cannot o c c u r . R e s t r i c t i o n s on l e n g t h s a r e a s f o l l o w s : ( i ) l1 - recommended s t a n d a r d l e n g t h , 300 mm ( i i ) l 2
-
recommended s t a n d a r d l e n g t h , 175 mrn where p r a c t i c a b l e ( i i i ) l 3 and 1-
a s s h o r t a s p r a c t i c a b l e .4
( d ) Water s u p p l y : A d e v i c e t h a t r e l i e s on a s u p p l y o f w a t e r f o r i t s normal and p r o p e r f u n c t i o n i n g s h a l l be connected t o an a d e q u a t e water s u p p l y system and a p r e s s u r e gauge o r o t h e r means o f i n d i c a t i n g t h e w a t e r p r e s s u r e b e f o r e and d u r i n g t h e t e s t s h a l l be p r o v i d e d immediately up- s t r e a m o f t h e c o n n e c t i o n t o t h e d e v i c e .( e ) C a l i b r a t i o n Tank: The c a l i b r a t i o n t a n k s h a l l b e a s d e t a i l e d i n F i g u r e 2. The s t a n d a r d c a l i b r a t i o n c u r v e s ( t o t a l amount o f w a t e r d i s - c h a r g e d v e r s u s t i m e and r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e v e r s u s t i m e ) a r e shown i n F i g u r e 3 f o r a t h e o r e t i c a l and a c t u a l example. 3 . TEST LOADS ( a ) A f i x t u r e w i t h o u t an o v e r f l o w s h a l l b e f i l l e d t o a h e i g h t a p p r o x i - m a t e l y e q u a l t o 75 p e r c e n t o f t h e v e r t i c a l d i s t a n c e between t h e bottom o f t h e f i x t u r e and t h e f l o o d l e v e l r i m . (b) A f l u s h t a n k t y p e f i x t u r e s h a l l have t h e r e f i l l mechanism a d j u s t e d t o f i l l t h e t a n k t o t h e l e v e l mark i n d i c a t e d by t h e m a n u f a c t u r e r and t h e f i x t u r e s h a l l b e f i l l e d by o p e r a t i n g t h e f l u s h i n g mechanism. ( c ) An a p p l i a n c e s h a l l b e f i l l e d t o t h e l e v e l t h a t r e p r e s e n t s a l a r g e b u t n o t i m p r o b a b l e l o a d . 4 . PROCEDURE ( a ) Mount t h e d e v i c e s e c u r e l y i n a normal l e v e l p o s i t i o n w i t h a l l t h e n e c e s s a r y p i p i n g and f i l l w i t h w a t e r . (b) S t a r t t h e d i s c h a r g e o f t h e d e v i c e by q u i c k l y removing t h e s t o p p e r o r o p e r a t i n g t h e mechanism b e i n g s u r e t h a t t h e manner i n which t h i s i s done i s c o n s i s t e n t and d o e s n o t u n d u l y a f f e c t t h e o u t f l o w o f w a t e r from t h e d e v i c e .
5 . NUMBER OF TESTS
( a ) A f i x t u r e t h a t i s p r o v i d e d w i t h a removable s t r a i n e r , e . g.
,
t h e crumb cup o f a k i t c h e n s i n k , s h a l l have i t s r a t e d d i s c h a r g e d e t e r m i n e d t w i c e , o n c e w i t h t h e s t r a i n e r c o m p l e t e l y removed and once w i t h i t i n p l a c e b u t open.(b) A f i x t u r e t h a t h a s a n o v e r f l o w s h a l l have i t s d i s c h a r g e r a t e d e t e r - mined t w i c e , o n c e w i t h t h e o v e r f l o w open and once w i t h i t s e a l e d .
( c ) A f i x t u r e t h a t h a s two o r more compartments s h a l l have i t s d i s c h a r g e r a t e d e t e r m i n e d t w i c e : once by u s i n g t h e compartment t h a t e x p e r i e n c e o r p r e l i m i n a r y t e s t i n g i n d i c a t e s w i l l produce t h e h i g h e s t peak r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e and once by d i s c h a r g i n g a l l compartments t o g e t h e r .
( d ) A f i x t u r e t h a t r e q u i r e s a f l u s h o m e t e r f o r i t s p r o p e r f u n c t i o n i n g s h a l l have i t s d i s c h a r g e r a t e d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r two c o n d i t i o n s : w i t h t h e f l u s h o m e t e r a s r e c e i v e d from t h e m a n u f a c t u r e r and w i t h t h e f l u s h o m e t e r a d j u s t e d t o d i s c h a r g e t h e maximum amount o f w a t e r . ( e ) Each t e s t s h a l l be r e p e a t e d t h r e e t i m e s e x c e p t t h a t f o r t h o s e f i x - t u r e s p r o v i d e d w i t h a f l u s h i n g mechanism o r t h a t d i s c h a r g e l e s s t h a n 10 R o f w a t e r e a c h t e s t s h a l l be r e p e a t e d f i v e t i m e s .
CALCULATION
( a ) The t o t a l amount o f w a t e r d i s c h a r g e d v e r s u s t i m e s h o u l d b e r e c o r d e d . Any i n s t r u m e n t e r r o r s s h o u l d b e a v e r a g e d a n d minor f l u c t u a t i o n s smoothed o u t . E s t a b l i s h t h e z e r o p o i n t i n t i m e when t h e w a t e r f i r s t b e g i n s t o a c c u m u l a t e i n t h e r e c e i v e r .
( b ) For e a c h t e s t , s e l e c t t i m e s and r e a d o f f and t a b u l a t e t h e c o r r e s p o n d - i n g v a l u e s o f t o t a l amount o f w a t e r d i s c h a r g e d .
( c ) Average t h e s e v a l u e s and p l o t v e r s u s t h e s e l e c t e d t i m e s , d r a w i n g i n a smooth c u r v e .
( d ) U s i n g t h e t a n g e n t method o r some e q u a l l y a c c e p t a b l e method, d e t e r m i n e t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e and t i m e a t s u f f i c i e n t p o i n t s , p l o t a n d draw i n t h e c u r v e o f t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e v e r s u s t i m e .
7 . REPORT
Complete t h e s t a n d a r d r e p o r t form ( s e e Appendix A ) . 8 . CALIBRATION TEST
( a ) I n s t a l l t h e c a l i b r a t i o n t a n k v e r t i c a l l y s o t h a t i t d i s c h a r g e s
d i r e c t l y i n t o t h e r e c e i v i n g t a n k o r p i p e and c a r r y o u t t h e S t a n d a r d Method o f T e s t a s d e s c r i b e d h e r e i n .
( b ) Complete c a l c u l a t i o n s t e p s 6 ( a ) and 6 ( d ) and compare w i t h t h e s t a n d a r d c u r v e s ( F i g . 3 ) .
( c ) The a p p a r a t u s and method 3f p r o c e s s i n g t h e d a t a s h a l l b e a c c e p t a b l e i f t h e v a r i a t i o n from t h e s t a n d a r d c u r v e o f t o t a l amount d i s c h a r g e d i s
l e s s t h a n +1% a n d t h e maximum v a r i a t i o n from a n y p o i n t on t h e s t a n d a r d c u r v e o f r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e i s l e s s t h a n
+
0 . 1 R/s.C O N SERV C O M T I N U O U S I N G M U L P A R T M E N F I X T U R E W I T H S I N G L E W A S T E O P E N I N G I I O P E N I N G ( A ) T Y P I C A L V E R T I C A L O U T L E T T Y P E F I X T U R E S ( F L O O R O U T L E T W C ' S E X C E P T E D ) ( B ) B A C K O U T L E T , I N T E G R A L T R A P T Y P E F I X T U R E O P E N I N G F I G U R E 1 F I X T U R E P I P I N G
I D O R I F I C E O P E N I N G F I G U R E 2 C A L I B R A T I O N TAP.] K
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T H E O R E T I C A L 0 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 2 1 4 P E R I O D O F D I S C H A R G E , S F I G U R E 3 C A L I B R A T I O N C U R V E SAPPENDIX A
COMMENTARY ON THE STANDARD METHOD OF TEST FOR RATE OF DISCHARGE OF PLUMBING FIXTURES AND DEVICES I . GENERAL
The method o f t e s t a c h i e v e s s t a n d a r d i z a t i o n i n two ways: i t s t a n d a r d - i z e s t h e w a s t e p i p i n g t o b e i n s t a l l e d w i t h t h e f i x t u r e and i t p r o v i d e s a c a l i b r a t i o n s t a n d a r d f o r t h e t e s t a p p a r a t u s . I t i s b e l i e v e d t h a t t h i s a r r a n g e m e n t w i l l a l l o w n o t o n l y c o n s i d e r a b l e freedom i n t h e t e s t a p p a r a t u s i t s e l f b u t w i l l a l s o e n s u r e t h e n e c e s s a r y c o n s i s t e n c y o f r e s u l t s . A s a n e x t e n s i o n t o t h e s t a n d a r d method o f t e s t , i t i s t h o u g h t d e s i r - a b l e t h a t t h o s e r e c o r d i n g d i s c h a r g e r a t e s and o t h e r d e t a i l s o f plumbing f i x t u r e s and d e v i c e s do s o on a s t a n d a r d r e p o r t form. A s u g g e s t e d a r r a n g e m e n t of t h i s r e c o r d i s i n c l u d e d on t h e l a s t page o f t h i s Appendix. 2. TITLE
I n t h e s t a n d a r d , t h e word "device" h a s been i n c l u d e d t o c o v e r e v e r y d e v i c e t h a t may d i s c h a r g e i n t o a s a n i t a r y s y s t e m and t h a t may r e q u i r e a
d i s c h a r g e f i x t u r e u n i t r a t i n g .
3 . RECEIVING TANK AND EQUIPMENT
The d i m e n s i o n s o f t h e r e c e i v i n g t a n k a r e n o t c r i t i c a l and n e e d n o t be s t a n d a r d i z e d . S i m i l a r l y t h e r e i s a v a r i e t y o f measuring and r e c o r d i n g equipment t h a t may be u s e d . The f i n a l a r r a n g e m e n t w i l l p r o b a b l y depend on what i s on hand and i t s t o t a l c o s t . Any a r r a n g e m e n t t h a t w i l l meet t h e c a l i b r a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s w i l l be a c c e p t a b l e . The r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r t h e v e r t i c a l p i p i n g used t o d i r e c t t h e d i s c h a r g i n g w a t e r i n t o t h e r e c e i v e r and r e d u c e s p l a s h i n g , e t c . may n o t be n e c e s s a r y . O f f s e t s a r e c o n s i d e r e d un- d e s i r a b l e a s a r e l o n g l e n g t h s o f s m a l l d i a m s t e r v e r t i c a l p i p i n g even when v e n t e d . Whether t h e a r r a n g e m e n t o f t h e r e c e i v e r and i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n w i l l b e a c c e p t a b l e o r n o t w i l l be d e t e r m i n e d by t h e c a l i b r a t i o n t e s t . The diagram o f t h e t e s t s e t - u p u s e d by D r . Pink a t t h e B u i l d i n g
R e s e a r c h E s t a b l i s h m e n t shows t h e t r a n s d u c e r s e n s i n g t h e p r e s s u r e i n a n a i r chamber r a t h e r t h a n t h a t o f t h e w a t e r i n t h e r e c e i v i n g t a n k i t s e l f . T h i s i s a v e r y e f f e c t i v e way o f e l i m i n a t i n g p r e s s u r e f l u c t u a t i o n s on t h e s t r i p c h a r t r e c o r d . 4 . PIPING I n a r r i v i n g a t t h e p r o p o s e d r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r f i x t u r e p i p i n g , c o n s i d - e r a t i o n was g i v e n t o t h e f a c t t h a t some f i x t u r e s d i s c h a r g e v e r t i c a l l y and o t h e r s h o r i z o n t a l l y , and t h a t a l l have t o have f i x t u r e o u t l e t p i p e s , t r a p s , and some form o f v e n t i n g . The t y p e o f s t o p p e r , t h e p r e s e n c e of s t r a i n e r s and t h e p i p i n g o f t h e o v e r f l o w a l s o have an e f f e c t on t h e r a t e of d i s c h a r q e . On t h e o t h e r hand t h e h y d r a u l i c l o a d t h a t a f i x t u r e imposes
on t h e d r a i n a g e s y s t e m depends on t h e l e n g t h o f t h e d i s c h a r g e p e r i o d a s w e l l a s t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e . Although it was i m p o s s i b l e t o s t a t e e x a c t r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r f i x t u r e p i p i n g i t seemed d e s i r a b l e t o i n c l u d e p r o p o s e d r e q u i r e m e n t s . The p r o p o s e d a r r a n g e m e n t s a r e c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t y p i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n s and h e n c e t e n d t o r e p r e s e n t t h e h y d r a u l i c l o a d t h a t i s a c t u a l l y a p p l i e d t o a d r a i n a g e s y s t e m . P r o b a b l y t h e most s i g n i f i c a n t f a c t o r t h a t i s i n - c l u d e d i s t h e h e i g h t , 1 2 , s i n c e t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e from a f i x t u r e w i l l g e n e r a l l y i n c r e a s e w i t h an i n c r e a s e i n t h i s d i m e n s i o n . The recommended s t a n d a r d l e n g t h o f 175 m m i s t y p i c a l o f North American i n s t a l l a t i o n s . 5. CALIBRATION TANK
The t a n k d e t a i l s shown i n F i g u r e 2 a r e p r e l i m i n a r y . P o s s i b l y one c o u n t r y c o u l d produce s u f f i c i e n t t a n k s f o r a l l on a s h a r e d - c o s t b a s i s . 6 . TEST LOADS No t e s t l o a d s a r e g i v e n f o r f i x t u r e s , s u c h a s f l o o r d r a i n s and f u n n e l d r a i n s , s i n c e t h e y do n o t have a f i x e d c a p a c i t y ( a s o t h e r f i x t u r e s do) n o r a n o p e r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c a s d o e s an a p p l i a n c e . 7 . NUMBER OF TESTS
The number o f t e s t s h a s been c h o s e n on t h e b a s i s o f p r o v i d i n g i n f o r - m a t i o n f o r p o s s i b l e f u t u r e u s e a s w e l l a s f o r a v e r a g i n g o u t v a r i a t i o n s between i n d i v i d u a l t e s t s .
8 . CALCULATIONS
I t h a s been assumed t h a t z e r o t i m e d o e s n o t o c c u r a t t h e e x a c t moment when t h e f i x t u r e i s f l u s h e d o r t h e s t o p p e r p u l l e d b u t when w a t e r s t a r t s t o a c c u m u l a t e i n t h e r e c e i v i n g t a n k . S i n c e b o t h t h e amount o f w a t e r d i s - c h a r g e d a n d t h c p e r i o d o v e r which i t i s b e i n g d i s c h a r g e d may v a r y i n d e p e n - d e n t l y a s w e l l a s d e p e n d e n t l y , t h e q u e s t i o n a r i s e s a s t o when t h e p e r i o d a c t u a l l y e n d s . I t would seem d e s i r a b l e t o c o n s i d e r e s t a b l i s h i n g a n a r b i - t r a r y p o i n t , on t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e c u r v e , s a y 0 . 2 R/s, when t h e d i s - c h a r g e i s deemed t o b e f i n i s h e d .
The i n s t r u c t i o n t o smooth o u t t h e c u r v e may g i v e r i s c t o v a r i a t i o n s i n t h e r e s u l t s d u e t o t h e o p e r a t o r ' s t e c h n i q u e . I t i:; t h o u g h t t h a t t h e s c w i l l n o t b e s i g n i f i c a n t , however, i f t h e same o p e r a t o r p r o d u c e s a c c e p t a b l e c a l i b r a t i o n c u r v e s . S i m i l a r comments a p p l y t o t h e t a n g e n t method f o r d e t e r m i n i n g t h c d i s c h a r g e r a t e . Although t h i s seems t o b e t h e most p r a c - t i c a l method t o u s e , i t i s n o t e s s e n t i a l t h a t it be u s e d .
CALIBRATION TEST
T h i s c a l l s f o r o n l y one t e s t t o b e made on t h e b a s i s t h a t t h e d i s - c h a r g e from t h e c a l i b r a t i o n t a n k w i l l n o t v a r y g r e a t l y . T h i s a n d t h e a c c u r a c y o f '1 p e r c e n t n e e d s f u r t h e r c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
THE STANDARD REPORT FORM G e n e r a l Comments
The t o p p o r t i o n o f t h e r e p o r t c o n t a i n s b l a n k s p a c e s t o b e f i l l e d i n . Those t h a t a r e n o t a p p l i c a b l e s h o u l d b e marked N / A . When t h e t e s t e q u i p - ment a n d p r o c e d u r e s have been s t a n d a r d i z e d i t may b e p r e f e r a b l e t o make r e f e r e n c e t o a s t a n d a r d t e s t s e t - u p . ( I t i s assumed t h a t S . I . u n i t s w i l l be u s e d i n t h i s work a n d t h a t m e t r i c s i z e p a p e r , p r e p u n c h e d f o r r i n g b i n d e r s , w i l l b e u s e d t o house c o p i e s o f c o m p l e t e d forms .) D e t a i l s o f Plumbing F i x t u r e o r Device S e r i a l Number: L o c a t e d i n t h e u p p e r r i g h t hand c o r n e r . I t i s s u g g e s t e d t h a t t h i s might b e i n t h e form o f a l e t t e r d e s i g n a t i n g t h e C o u n t r y , 2 d i g i t s r e p r e s e n t i n g t h e y e a r a n d a d d i t i o n a l d i g i t s a s r e q u i r e d . I f a c o u n t r y h a s more t h a n one agency c a r r y i n g o u t t e s t s t h e n 2 l e t t e r s would be u s e d .
F i x t u r e t y p e : Means t h e g e n e r i c t y p e o f f i x t u r e , s u c h a s ,
Water c l o s e t Bath Shower
U r i n a l B i d e t Laundry t u b
D r i n k i n g F o u n t a i n Food P r o c e s s i n g e q u i p . App 1 i a n c e Medical equipment
L a v a t o r y ( i n c l u d e s wash b a s i n , hand b a s i n , i n d u s t r i a l c i r c u l a r , b a r b e r s h o p , e t c
.
) S i n k ( i n c l u d e s k i t c h e n , b a r , s e r v i c e , f l o o r , e t c . ) D r a i n ( n o t p r o v i d e d w i t h a p o t a b l e w a t e r s u p p l y o u t l e t a n d i n c l u d e s f l o o r d r a i n s , f u n n e l d r a i n s a n d t h o s e t h a t r e c e i v e t h e d i s c h a r g e from i n d i r e c t w a s t e s ) M a n u f a c t u r e r : F u l l name C o u n t r v : Where m a n u f a c t u r e d C a t a l o g u e n o . : M a n u f a c t u r e r f s Name : I f a n y o f t h e f i x t u r e o r a p p l i a n c e D e s c r i p t i o n : A f u l l d e s c r i p t i o n i n c l u d i n g b a s i c d i m e n s i o n s , i n t e n d e d u s e , s p e c i a l f e a t u r e s , e t c .C a p a c i t y : The maximum c a p a c i t y , i n l i t r e s , o f t h e f i x t u r e o r a p p l i a n c e when f i l l e d t o t h e o v e r f l o w o r f l o o d l e v e l r i m . I n t h e c a s e o f w a t e r c l o s e t s , u r i n a l s , e t c . , it would b e d e s i r a b l e t o s t a t e t h e c a p a c i t y o f t h e t a n k a n d t h e volume o f w a t e r t h a t r e m a i n s i n t h e t r a p . Water S u p p l y P r e s s u r e : T h i s a p p l i e s o n l y t o t h o s e d e v i c e s , s u c h a s w a t e r c l o s e t s , where w a t e r i s s u p p l i e d a t t h e same t i m e t h a t t h e d e v i c e i s d i s c h a r g i n g . Waste F i t t i n g : I n d e n t i f y t h e t y p e , e . g . , m e c h a n i c a l w a s t e , r u b b e r s t o p - p e r o r t h e crumb cup t y p e a n d g i v e s i z e s . * - - The l e n g t h and s i z e o f t h e p i p i n g from m u l t i p l e compartments o f a f i x t u r e t o
a
s i n g l e t r a p s h o u l d a l s o b e n o t e d h e r e .Fixture:
D e s c r i b e t h e t r a p and t h e p i p i n g t h a t t e r m i n a t e s i n t h e v e r t i c a l d i s c h a r g e a n d i n c l u d e d i m e n s i o n s a n d s i z e s . ( I t would seem d e s i r a b l e i f t h e t r a p a n d p i p i n g shown i n F i g u r e 1 c o u l d b e s t a n d a r d - i z e d . )O t h e r Remarks: I n c l u d e a n y o t h e r p e r t i n e n t d e t a i l s . Note h e r e i f more t h a n o n e i d e n t i c a l f i x t u r e i s t e s t e d .
T e s t Data
No. o f T e s t Runs: T h i s w i l l u s u a l l y b e t h e number s p e c i f i e d i n t h e t e s t p r o c e d u r e . When more t h a n one f i x t u r e w i t h t h e same c a t a l o g u e number h a s been t e s t e d , t h e number of f i x t u r e s t e s t e d s h o u l d a l s o b e i n c l u d e d . Q u a n t i t y D i s c h a r g e d : T h i s i s t h e t o t a l q u a n t i t y d i s c h a r g e d w h i c h , when t h e t r i a l d i s c h a r g e - i s i n c l u d e d , i s e q u a l t o t h e a r e a u n d e r t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e c u r v e . I t u s u a l l y w i l l b e d i f f e r e n t from t h e c a p a c i t y p r e v i o u s - l y l i s t e d . D i s c h a r g e Time: T h i s c a n b e r e a d from t h e g r a p h b u t s h o u l d b e l i s t e d s e p a r a t e l y f o r c o n v e n i e n c e . R a t e s o f D i s c h a r g e : These a r e g i v e n i n T a b l e 1 A f o r c o n v e n i e n c e i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h t h e p r o p o s e d r e v i e w a n d r e c o m e n d a t i o n o f t h e r e l a t i o n between t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e a n d t h e h y d r a u l i c l o a d s on d r a i n a g e s y s t e m s . G r a p h i c a l P r e s e n t a t i o n : The p u r p o s e o f t h e g r a p h i c a l p r e s e n t a t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e a v i s u a l means o f comparing t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e o f t h e wide v a r i e t y o f a v a i l a b l e f i x t u r e s and a p p l i a n c e s , To t h i s e n d i t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t agreement be r e a c h e d on t h e s c a l e s t o b e u s e d . Although i t would b e d e s i r a b l e t o u s e o n l y one s e t o f s c a l e s , p r e l i m i n a r y work h a s i n d i c a t e d t h a t t h i s i s i m p r a c t i c a l . I t i s s u g g e s t e d , t h e r e f o r e , t h a t t h e f o l l o w i n g b e u s e d : two s c a l e s f o r t h e r a t e o f d i s c h a r g e (10 mrn = 0 . 2 a n d 0 . 4 R / s ) , f o u r s c a l e s f o r t h e t i m e o f d i s c h a r g e (10
mm
= 2, 4 , 8, a n d 1 6 s ) , a n d a g r a p h s i z e o f 90 x 130 mrn. Although t h i s p r o d u c e s e i g h t p o s s i b l e combin- a t i o n s , i t i s l i k e l y t h a t o n l y t h e f i v e c o m b i n a t i o n s l i s t e d i n T a b l e 1 A w i 11 be n e e d e d .A- 5
TABLE
1A. RATES OF DISCHARGE FOR FIXTURE TYPESBasic Fixture Type
lavatory kitchen sink laundry tub, sink (large) bath WCs, urinal Rate/lO mm 0.2 R/s 0.2 R/s 0.2 R/s 0.2 R/s 0.4 R/s
I
Time/lOmm
2 s 4 s 8 s 16 s 2 sS e r i a l No.
RATE OF DISCHARGE REPORT ~ ) c t ; l i I s o f Plumbing F i x t u r e o r Uevice F i x t u r e t y p e : Country: D e s c r i p t i o n : Capacity: Water supply p r e s s u r e : b e f o r e Manufacturer:
Catalogue No.: Name :
2
kN/m ; d u r i n g : k ~ / m ~ Waste f i t t i n g : Trap p i p i n g : Other remarks: Test DataNo. of T e s t Runs: Qty Discharged: R ; Discharged
time:
s Ratc o f Discharge: Maximum: R/s: Mean: R / s ; 2-second peak: R / s Rcmark s :P E R I O D O F D I S C H A R G E , S