• Aucun résultat trouvé

Sur la tectonique transversale de l'Anatolie (note préliminaire)

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Partager "Sur la tectonique transversale de l'Anatolie (note préliminaire)"

Copied!
7
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

Article

Reference

Sur la tectonique transversale de l'Anatolie (note préliminaire)

PARÉJAS, Edouard

PARÉJAS, Edouard. Sur la tectonique transversale de l'Anatolie (note préliminaire). Compte rendu des séances de la Société de physique et d'histoire naturelle de Genève, 1939, vol. 56, no. 1, p. 11-16

DOI : 10.5169/SEALS-742213

Available at:

http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:136054

Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.

1 / 1

(2)

PRQLH LQWLPH HXW OLHX j 6qYUHV j ORFFDVLRQ GH FHWWH UHWUDLWH 2Q

OXL

UHPLW XQH PpGDLOOH IUDSSpH j VRQ HIILJLH HW XQH DGUHVVH FpOpEUDQW VHV PpULWHV GDS{WUH FRQYDLQFX GX V\VWqPH PpWULTXH pQXPpUDQW OHV SURJUqV LPPHQVHV

TXLO ILW

IDLUH j OD PpWURORJLH HW FpOpEUDQW OD YDOHXU GH VHV

WUDYDX[

VXU OHV IHUURQLFNHOV

1RWUH 6RFLpWp SHUG HQ&KDUOHV(GRXDUG *XLOODXPH XQ GH VHV PHPEUHV KRQRUDLUHV TXL

OXL

RQW

IDLW

OH SOXV SDUWLFXOLqUHPHQW KRQQHXU $XVVL QH PDQTXHUDWHOOH SDV GH FRQVHUYHU SLHX VHPHQW HW ILGqOHPHQW VD PpPRLUH

6pDQFH GX IpYULHU

(G3DUpMDV² 6XU WH IHFvRQLªH =UDQVHHUVDIHGH ZDWRKH QRWH SUpOLPLQDLUH

2Q VDLW TXH OD SOXV JUDQGH SDUWLH GH O$VLH 0LQHXUH FH VHJPHQW HQFRUH SHX FRQQX GH OD FKDvQH DOSLQH VH

WURXYDLW

DX 0LRFqQH VXSpULHXU DX YRLVLQDJH GX QLYHDX GH OD PHU $LQVL

HQ WpPRLJQHQW OHV GpS{WV VDUPDWLHQV ODJXQRODFXVWUHV VL UpSDQ GXV HQ $QDWROLH 'HSXLV ORUV DX FRXUV GXQH GHV GHUQLqUHV SKDVHV GX SOLVVHPHQW DOSLQ OH SD\V D VXEL XQH VXUpOpYDWLRQ PR\HQQH GH j P 'HX[ ERXUUHOHWV LPSRUWDQWV ERUGHQW

OH SODWHDX DFWXHO DX QRUG OHV &KDvQHV SRQWLTXHV DX VXG OH 7DXUXV DYHF VHV SURORQJHPHQWV RULHQWDX[ HW RFFLGHQWDX[

/HVSDFH LQWHUPpGLDLUH HVW DFFLGHQWp SDU GH QRPEUHX[SOLVJpQp UDOHPHQW GLULJpV GHVW HQ RXHVW (Q VXUSOXV FRPPH GDQV OHV

$OSHV SURSUHPHQW GLWHV

WRXW

OpGLILFH DQDWROLHQ HVW D[LDOHPHQW VRXOHYp HW GpSULPp DX JUp GHV DFFLGHQWV ERUGLHUV GH

ODYDQW

HW

GH ODUULqUHSD\V 3DUPL OHV REVWDFOHV LPSRUWDQWV GH

ODYDQW

SD\V PHQWLRQQRQV OH PDVVLI DQFLHQ GHOD 'REURXGMD HWOHPDVVLI GH 3RGROLH VpSDUpV SDU XQH GpSUHVVLRQ R VH VRQW ORJpV OHV YDOOpHV GX 'QLHVWU GX %XJ HW OH JROIH G2GHVVD /pOpPHQW HVVHQWLHO GH ODUULqUHSD\V HVW OH YDVWH SURPRQWRLUH V\URDUDEH

&H VRQW OHV MHX[ GD[HV FHVWjGLUH OH SOLVVHPHQW WUDQVYHUVDO

GH

O$QDWROLH

DOSLQH TXH QRXV DOORQV pWXGLHU

79DQVFHUVDIH FWH 7WH] *|WH2GHVVD ² 6L ORQ

MHWWH

XQ FRXS G°LO VXU OD WRSRJUDSKLH DQDWROLHQQH RQ HVW IUDSSp SDU OH[LV WHQFH GXQH GpSUHVVLRQ FHQWUDOH IHUPpH RFFXSpH SDU OH 7X]

(3)

*|O OH ODF OH SOXV VDOp GHODWHUUH GH VHO &HWWH GpSUHVVLRQ TXL

IDLW

FRQYHUJHU OHV FRXUV VXSpULHXUV GX

,YL]LOLUPDN

HW GH OD 6DNDU\D3XUVDN HVW XQH GpSUHVVLRQ WHFWRQLTXH GLULJpH GX 6(

DX 1: SDUDOOqOHPHQW DX JUDQG D[H GX 7X] *|O 'DQV VRQ SURORQJHPHQW 6( VH WURXYH OD SURIRQGH GpSUHVVLRQ GH OD[H GX 7DXUXV GDQV ODTXHOOH FRXOH OH *|NVX &HW HQVHOOHPHQW HVW OH VHXO SRLQW TXL j

SDUWLU

GH OD PHU SHUPHWWH GH IUDQFKLU OD FKDvQH WDXULTXH HW GDWWHLQGUH OH FHQWUH GH

O$QDWROLH

VDQV

TXLWWHU

OH

0LRFqQH 3OXV DX 6( HQFRUH OD[H DIIDLVVp VH UHWURXYH HQ 0pGL WHUUDQpH GDQV OD GpSUHVVLRQ TXL VpSDUH OHV FKDvQRQV F\SULRWHV

GH O$PDQRV OHXU VXLWH QDWXUHOOH

$X

1 GX 7X] *|O

LO

F{WRLH OH FRXUV PR\HQ GH OD 6DNDU\D YRLVLQH DYHF OHV GpSUHVVLRQV HPSOLHV GH 1pRJqQH GH ']FH HW GH %ROX HW

DWWHLQW

OD 0HU 1RLUH DX SRLQW R OHV SOLV

G(UHJOL

HW

GH =RQJXOGDN j QR\DX[ FDUERQLIqUHV SORQJHQW YHUV OD F{WH 'DQV OD 0HU 1RLUH OH

WURX

GHVVLQp SDU OLVREDWKH GH P DX 1 G(UHJOL DSSDUWLHQW j FH GLDPqWUH TXL

YLHQW

HQILQ VHQJDJHU GDQV OH JROIH G2GHVVD RVHQQRLHQWOHVFKDvQRQVGHOD 'REURXGMD HW GH OD &ULPpH &HVW DXVVL OH OLHX R OD SODWHIRUPH UXVVH RSSRVH XQ PLQLPXP GH UpVLVWDQFH HQWUH OHV PDVVLIV SRGROLHQ HW GR EURXGMLHQ

7PQVHHUVDIH VWDQqQ7&IHSUH ² /H GLDPqWUH SUpFpGHQW WUDYHUVDLW GHV PLQLPD D[LDX[ FHOXL

G,VWDQEXO

HVW XQH WUDQV YHUVDOH VRXOHYpH (OOH VDSSXLH SUREDEOHPHQW VXU OD 'REURXGMD HW SDVVH SDU OH ERPEHPHQW D[LDO GH 6LOXUR'pYRQLHQ

G,VWDQEXO

URPSX SDU OH %RVSKRUH &H

SOL

GH IRQG

FXOPLQDLW

GpMj HQ FHV OLHX[ DX &UpWDFp VXSpULHXU 'HV ,OHV GHV 3ULQFHV GDQV OD 0DU PDUD HOOH WUDYHUVH OD FXOPLQDWLRQ GX 6DPDQOL IRUPH OH VHXLO TXL VpSDUH OHODF

G,]QLN

1LFpH GX *ROIH GH *HPOLN OHV KDXWHXUV

GH

.DWLUOL

HW GH 'LVND\D OH VHXLO GH %RVQDN|\ VLWXp HQWUH OD SODLQH GH %URXVVH HW OD GpSUHVVLRQ GH <HQLVHKLU SXLV O2O\PSH

GH %URXVVH 8OXGDJ R OH JUDQLWH KHUF\QLHQ HVW SRUWp j SOXV GH P (OOH FRwQFLGH DSSUR[LPDWLYHPHQW DYHF OD OLJQH GH SDUWDJH HQWUH OD 6DNDU\D HW OHV WULEXWDLUHV GH OD 0HU (JpH WUDYHUVH OD UpJLRQ pOHYpH GHV ODFV TXLWWH OH FRQWLQHQW DX &DS

G$QDPXU FRXSH

O,OH

GH &K\SUH HW SDUDvW VDPRUFHU GDQV OH EORF V\ULHQ DX /LEDQ

(4)

=HJHUHUIH ² , 0DVVLIV DQFLHQV ²

,,

7UDQVYHUVDOH VRXOHYpH ²

,,,

7UDQVYHUVDOH DIIDLVVpH

7UDQVYHUVDOH GHV 'DUGDQHOOHV ² 7U GH OD 0DUPDUD$Q WDO\D ² 7U ,VWDQEXO&K\SUH ² 7U GH 7X] *|O2GHVVD ²

7U GX .L]LOLUPDN&ULPpH ² 7U GH .HUWFK ² 7U GX

&DXFDVH

$ $PDQRV $Q $QDPXU FDS G $QW $QWDO\D $S$SRO\RQW ODFG

%D %DWRXP %H %H\URXWK %R %ROX %X%XJ &D&DXFDVH &K &K\SUH

&U &ULPpH dD dDWDOFD dR dRUOX 'D 'DUGDQHOOHV 'Q 'QLHVWU 'R 'REURXGMD 'X 'WL]FH ( eUHJOLdd * *HPOLN JROIH GH *| *RNVX

,

,VWDQEXO

,N

MM ,]QLN ODF G ,] ,]PLW JROIH G . .HUWFK .L .L]LOLU PDN .R .RUXGDJ /H /\GLH&DULH PDVVLI GH /L /LEDQ /\ /\FLH 0D 0DQ\DV ODF GH 0] 0DULW]D 2 2GHVVD JROIH G 3D 3DSKODJRQLH 3R 3RGROLH PDVVLI GH 3W &KDvQHV SRQWLTXHV 3X 3XUVDN 6$ 3UR PRQWRLUH V\URDUDEH 6DN 6DNDU\D 6DU 6DURV JROIH GH 6L 6LQRS 7D 7DXUXV 7H 7HNLUGDJ 7X 7X] *|O 8 2O\PSH GH %URXVVH 8OXGDJ = =RQJXOGDN

(5)

9©QVHH0WH GH WH DUPDUD©D=\D ² /D 0DUPDUD HVW ORJpH j OLQWHUVHFWLRQ GH GHX[ GpSUHVVLRQV /D SUHPLqUH ORQJL WXGLQDOH

YLHQW

GX JROIH GH 6DURV FRXSH REOLTXHPHQW OD EDVH

GH OD SUHVTXvOH GH *DOOLSROL PDUTXH XQ PLQLPXP GDQV OD IRVVH D[LDOH GH OD 0DUPDUD TXL GpSDVVH P GH SURIRQGHXU HW

DWWHLQW

OH JROIH

G,]PLW

/D VHFRQGH WUDQVYHUVDOH HVW FHOOH TXL QRXV RFFXSH (OOH VDPRUFH VXU OH PpULGLHQ GH dRUOX R

OD SODLQH GH 7KUDFH VDEDLVVH HQWUH OHV SOLV GH 7HNLUGDJ HW GH dDWDOFD 'X FHQWUH GH OD 0DUPDUD HOOH VH SRXUVXLW SDU OD GpSUHVVLRQ GH .DUDFDEH\ R VRQW OHV ODFV GH 0DQ\DV HW G$SR

O\RQW

SXLV

pYLWDQW

SDU

O(

OH PDVVLI DQFLHQ GH /\GLH&DULH HOOH

DWWHLQW

OD UpJLRQ GHV EDVVLQV G$FLJ|O GH %XUGXU HW .HVWHO HW OD 0pGLWHUUDQpH DX IRQG GX *ROIH G$QWDO\D &HVW XQH WUDQVYHUVDOH DIIDLVVpH

7PQZWUZWH GHV 'DUWWHWH=HV ² /HV 'DUGDQHOOHV FRPPH OH

%RVSKRUH VRXYUHQW DX WUDYHUV GXQH FXOPLQDWLRQ D[LDOH 1RXV DYRQV UHFRQQX UpFHPPHQW GDQV OD 7KUDFH PpULGLRQDOH j

O(VW

GH OD 0DULW]D 0HULo XQH

YLUJDWLRQ

GRXEOH HW OLEUH FRQYH[H YHUV OH 1 6L[ DQWLFOLQDX[ HW VHSW V\QFOLQDX[ MRXDQW GDQV OH 0LRFqQH VpFKHORQQHQW HQWUH 8]XQN|SU +D\UDEROX .H†DQ HW 0DONDUD /D SRXVVpH VHVW WUDQVPLVH GX 6 DX 1 /D WUDQVYHUVDOH VRXOHYpH GHV 'DUGDQHOOHV SDVVH SDU OD[H GH FHWWH YLUJDWLRQ

OHV PDVVLIV GH .RUXGDJ HW GH 7HNLUGDJ WUDYHUVH HQ GLUHFWLRQ GX 6 OD 0DUPDUD RFFLGHQWDOH UHFRXSH OH JURV

SOL

GH IRQG FRQQX

VRXV OH QRP GH PDVVLI GH /\GLH&DULH HW SDUYLHQW j OD 0pGLWHU UDQpH DSUqV DYRLU FRXSp OH SURPRQWRLUH GH /\FLH &HWWH WUDQV YHUVDOH HVW DSSUR[LPDWLYHPHQW SDUDOOqOH j OD F{WH pJpHQQH GH

O$QDWROLH

9PVHH?VD=H GQ $FMWWHYQDb&:PHH ² 5HYHQRQV PDLQWHQDQW

j QRWUH SRLQW GH GpSDUW OD WUDQVYHUVDOH GX 7X] *|O 3OXV j

O(

XQ VHJPHQW VRXOHYp

OXL

VXFFqGH /D WUDQVYHUVDOH TXL

OXL

DSSDUWLHQW FRXSH OHV PDVVLIV DQFLHQV TXH FHUQH OD ERXFOH GX

.L]LOLUPDN

SDVVH SDU OH VRPPHW GH ODUF GHV SOLV GH 3DSKOD JRQLH /pWUDQJOHPHQW PpGLDQ GH OD 0HU 1RLUH ELHQ PDUTXp SDU OLVREDWKH GH P SHUPHW GH OD VXLYUH MXVTXj OD &ULPpH GRQW HOOH WUDYHUVH

OH[DOWDWLRQ

D[LDOH (OOH DERXWLW HQILQ j

(6)

ODYDQFpH PpULGLRQDOH GX PDVVLI GH 3RGROLH TXL

GRLW

rWUH FRQVLGpUp FRPPH OREVWDFOH JpQpUDWHXU GH FH GLDPqWUH

7UD©VYHUVDH GH $HUWF$ ² 3DU OD GpSUHVVLRQ GD[H PDUTXpH DX

GpWURLW

GH .HUWFK HQWUH OD &ULPpH HW OH &DXFDVH SDVVH XQH QRXYHOOH WUDQVYHUVDOH DIIDLVVpH 1RXV

OXL

DWWULEXRQV OH EDVVLQ RULHQWDO GH OD 0HU 1RLUH HW OH JUDQG JROIH TXL VpWHQG GH 6LQRS j %DWRXP

!DQVHHUVD=H&DXFDVH ² &H GLDPqWUH VRXOHYp OH SOXV

LPSRUWDQW

G$QDWROLH MDORQQp SDU GH QRPEUHX[ YROFDQV HVW GpMj PHQWLRQQp SDU ( $UJDQG GDQV VD 7HFWRQLTXH GH O$VLH

,O

FRUUHVSRQG DX VHJPHQW OH SOXV IRUWHPHQW FRPSULPp SDU OH PRXYHPHQW YHUV OH 1 GX SURPRQWRLUH V\URDUDEH

/HV GLDPqWUHV GpFULWV VRQW GH JURV SOLV GH IRQG WUDQVYHUVDX[

,OV VRQW GH SUHPLHU RUGUH FDU LOV WUDYHUVHQW

WRXW

OpGLILFH DOSLQ G$QDWROLH 0DLV

LO

H[LVWH GH QRPEUHXVHV WUDQVYHUVDOHV GH VHFRQG RUGUH SDUDOOqOHV DX[ SULQFLSDOHV 1RXV pWXGLHURQV GDQV XQ PpPRLUH SOXV GpWDLOOp FHOOHV TXL DIIHFWHQW OD UpJLRQ

G,VWDQEXO

HW GH OD 0DUPDUD

'DXWUHV IDLWV YLHQQHQW FRQILUPHU OHPSODFHPHQW

DWWULEXp

SOXV KDXW DX[ WUDQVYHUVDOHV DQDWROLHQQHV 6L ORQ FRQVLGqUH OHV DOWLWXGHV DX[TXHOOHV RQW pWp SRUWpV OHV GpS{WV QpRJqQHV

G$QDWROLH RQ FRQVWDWH TXH GDQV OHQVHPEOH LOV RQW pWp SOR\pV HQ JUDQGHV YDJXHV GLULJpHV VXUWRXW GX 6( DX 1: HW GRQW OHV FUrWHV HW OHV FUHX[ FRUUHVSRQGHQW j QRV WUDQVYHUVDOHV /HV EDVVLQV IHUPpV GH

O$QDWROLH

FHQWUDOH HW RFFLGHQWDOH WDSLVVpV GH QpRJqQH ODJXQRODFXVWUH VH SUrWHQW pJDOHPHQW j XQH WHOOH YpULILFDWLRQ 4XHOV TXH VRLHQW ORULJLQH HW OkJH GH FHV EDVVLQV IHUPpV LOV RQW pWp VRXVWUDLWV j OpURVLRQ UHPRQWDQWH GHV

WULEX

WDLUHV GH OD 0pGLWHUUDQpH RX GH OD 0HU 1RLUH &HVW GRQF XQH UpJLRQ GH

O$QDWROLH

R OHV KDXWHXUV DEVROXHV PDUTXHQW HQFRUH VHQVLEOHPHQW ODPSOHXU GHV PRXYHPHQWV YHUWLFDX[ VXELV

2U HQ FRPSDUDQW OHV DOWLWXGHV GHV GLIIpUHQWV EDVVLQV TXL OD FRQVWLWXHQW RQ FRQVWDWH TXH OHQVHPEOH GH OD UpJLRQ IHUPpH HVW SOLVVpH j JUDQG UD\RQ GX 6( DX 1: VXU OH SDVVDJH GHV WUDQVYHUVDOHV GpFULWHV SOXV KDXW

/D JpRJUDSKLH VpLVPLTXH GRQQH DXVVL VRQ DSSXL j QRV FRQFOXVLRQV /HV ]RQHV GpEUDQOHPHQW GLULJpHV SDUDOOqOHPHQW j

(7)

OD F{WH pJpHQQH HW OD OLJQH GHV 6XOWDQGDJODUL DX YRLVLQDJH GH OD WUDQVYHUVDOH ,VWDQEXO&K\SUH VRQW SDUWLFXOLqUHPHQW RRQYDLQ FDQWHV /HV OLQpDPHQWV TXH 5 $ 6RQGHU

IDLW

SDVVHU DX YRLVL QDJH GH O$QDWROLH VRQW SDUDOOqOHV DXVVL j QRV WUDQVYHUVDOHV /D JpRJUDSKLH SK\VLTXH JDJQH j FHW H[SRVp

OH[SOLFDWLRQ

GHV RQGXODWLRQV FDUDFWpULVWLTXHV SRXU OHV F{WHV 1 HW 6 GH O$QDWROLH

OHV WUDQVYHUVDOHV VRXOHYpHV SDVVDQW SDU OHV SURPRQWRLUHV HW OHV WUDQVYHUVDOHV DIIDLVVpHV MRLJQDQW REOLTXHPHQW OHV JROIHV

/HV JUDQGHV RYDV GpSUHVVLRQV GH O$QDWROLH FHQWUDOH VHPEOHQW VH[SOLTXHU SDU ODIIDLVVHPHQW PDUTXp DX SDVVDJH GH OD WUDQV YHUVDOH GX 7X] *|O FH VRQW GHV PLQLPD D[LDX[ 4XDQW DX[

DXWUHV RYDV DQDWROLHQQHV XQH K\SRWKqVH GH

WUDYDLO

LQWpUHVVDQWH VHUDLW GH OHV FRQVLGpUHU FRPPH GHV GpSUHVVLRQV D[LDOHV GH V\QFOLQDX[ 1RXV OH GpPRQWUHURQV SRXU FHOOHV GH %LWK\QLH GDQV XQH SURFKDLQH SXEOLFDWLRQ

/$QDWROLH DOSLQH D QRQ VHXOHPHQW pWp SOLVVpH ORQJLWXGLQDOH PHQW PDLV HOOH D VXEL XQ SOLVVHPHQW GH IRQG WUDQVYHUVDO SDU ODUJHV YDJXHV DUTXpHV HW FRQYHUJHQWHV VXU OH SURPRQWRLUH V\URDUDEH (OOHV VDSSXLHQW VXU OHV LUUpJXODULWpV ERUGLqUHV

GH ODYDQWSD\V

,O

DSSDUDvW GRQF TXH OD WHFWRQLTXH WUDQVYHUVDOH

GH

O$QDWROLH

GRLYH rWUH DWWULEXpH j OD SUHVVLRQ YHUV OH 1 GX FRLQ V\URDUDEH HW TXH OD GLIIpUHQFLDWLRQ GH TXHOTXHV GLDPqWUHV GH SUHPLHU RUGUH VHUDLW GXH j OLQpJDOH UpVLVWDQFH RSSRVpH SDU OD SODWHIRUPH UXVVH

$X PRPHQW GHV JUDQGHV GLVWHQVLRQV SDU TXRL ( $UJDQG H[SOLTXH

ORXYHUWXUH

GHV PHUV TXL HQWRXUHQW

O$QDWROLH

GH WURLV F{WpV &K\SUH D pWp DUUDFKpH j VD EDVH GH VLPD HW D GpULYp YHUV OH 1 /H VLWH RULJLQHO GH

OvOH

HVW OD GpSUHVVLRQ FHUQpH SDU OLVREDWKH GH P DX

GURLW

GH %H\URXWK HW TXL VXU OHV FDUWHV PDULQHV GpWDLOOpHV D JDUGp OD IRUPH HW OHV GLPHQVLRQV GH OvOH 2Q SHXW HVWLPHU j HQYLURQ NP FHWWH GpULYH LQVXODLUH YHUV OH 1 6L MDPDLV &K\SUH D pWp HQ FRQWDFW pWURLW DYHF OH EORF DQDWROLHQ SXLV OkFKpH SDU FH GHUQLHU ODPSOHXU GH OD GpULYH DQDWROLHQQH VXLYDQW OH PpULGLHQ VHUDLW YRLVLQH GH NP

QVLWO0O GH *pRORJLH GH O^©LRHUVLvp GVODLqXO

Références

Documents relatifs

[r]

100 à la ration de sevrage du porcelet entre 5 et 9 semaines d’âge permet des performances de croissance compara- bles à celles obtenues avec la farine de manioc (racines

Temperature-dependent development and survival of immature stages of the alfalfa leafcutter bee, Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).. GH Whitfield KW

[r]

3. Altère la liaison RA-ADN, bloquant la machinerie

[r]

&amp;RORSODVW :HOOVSHFW $VWHOODV $OOHUJDQ ,QWHUYHQWLRQV SRQFWXHOOHV UDSSRUWV G·H[SHUWLVH &amp;RORSODVW :HOOVSHFW ,QWHUYHQWLRQV SRQFWXHOOHV DFWLYLWpV GH FRQVHLO

/·pYDOXDWLRQGXIRQFWLRQQHPHQWGXEDVDSSDUHLOXULQDLUH SHXWV·HIIHFWXHUGHODPDQLqUHVXLYDQWHLOHVWLPSpUDWLI