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Demographic, psychosocial, health and personality predictors of depression and quality of life: importance of an integrative framework

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Demographic, psychosocial, health and personality predictors of depression and quality of life: importance of an integrative framework

WEBER, Kerstin Maud

Abstract

L'étude transversale investigue l'influence des cinq dimensions de personnalité (selon Costa

& McCrae, 1992) sur le lien entre dépression majeure et qualité de vie. Adoptant une approche intégrative, elle compare 79 patients ambulatoires et 102 sujets non-dépressifs, en tenant compte de covariées démographiques, psychosociales, et de leur santé physique.

Trois dimensions de personnalité, à savoir l'Ouverture à l'expérience, la Conscience et le Névrosisme influencent directement la qualité de vie après avoir contrôlé pour la sévérité de la dépression. De plus, le Névrosisme et la Conscience augmentent indirectement la qualité de vie en modérant l'effet de la dépression sur celle-ci. Un accent particulier est mis sur la dépression dans deux groupes d'âge. La qualité de vie des adultes jeunes est déterminée uniquement par la sévérité de la dépression, alors que celle des adultes âgés est de nature multi-déterminée : sévérité symptômes, risque suicidaire, comorbidités physiques et dimensions de personnalité.

WEBER, Kerstin Maud. Demographic, psychosocial, health and personality predictors of depression and quality of life: importance of an integrative framework . Thèse de doctorat : Univ. Genève, 2012, no. FPSE 509

URN : urn:nbn:ch:unige-242087

DOI : 10.13097/archive-ouverte/unige:24208

Available at:

http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:24208

Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.

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APPENDIX 4: DETAILS ON ADDITIONAL DATA

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DEPRESSION FEATURES : YOUNG VERSUS OLD PATIENTS

Young (n=38) Old (n=41)

Mean SD Mean SD F (1,77) p

Nature of Age of onset (years) 28.2 8.1 46.8 20.7 26.76 <0.001

Depression Disease (years) 9.2 7.4 24.17 19.9 12.77 0.001

Episode (months) 6.1 3.1 7.5 2.9 4.39 0.039

Severity HRSD* 24.7 5.7 15.8 5.8 46.42 <0.001

% n % n χ2 p

HDRS 0-7 (none)** 0 0 15 6 31.52 <0.001

HDRS 8-17 (mild) 13 5 41.5 17

HDRS 18-25 (moderate) 32 12 41.5 17

HDRS 26+ (severe) 55 21 2 1

Early-onset 100 38 37 15 17.16 <0.001

Recurrent episode 87 33 80 33 0.58 0.447

Past hospitalization 42 16 63 26 3.59 0.058

Family history Yes 24 9 49 20 5.34 0.021

Suicide Past attempt 45 17 12 5 13.07 <0.001

Current risk 73 28 24 10 19.19 <0.001

Comorbidity Panic, agoraphobia 26 10 5 2 7.04 0.008

Generalized anxiety 18 7 23 9 < 1

Alcohol abuse 15 6 5 2 2.58 0.108

Subst. abuse 8 3 0 0 3.36 0.067

Pharmacotherapy None 11 4 0 0 4.54 0.033

Drug family SSRI 71 27 95 39 8.31 0.004

Tricyclic 18 7 5 2 3.58 0.058

Benzodiazepine 45 17 93 38 21.43 <0.001

Neuroleptics atypical 37 14 20 8 2.95 0.086

Hypnotics 13 5 49 20 11.57 0.001

*HRSD=Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, ** according to HRSD cut-offs

MINI=Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview

SSRI=Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

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BINARY DEPRESSION PREDICTION BY AGE, PHYSICAL HEALTH, LIFE STRESS AND PERSONALITY (N=181)

Regression coefficients Change statistics

Predictors OR p * R2 ∆df -2log

likelihood LRT

Block 1 Age a 0.97 0.118 0.58 3 146.15

Impact of stressors 0.74 <0.001

CIRS b 1.29 0.029

+ Block 2 Neuroticism 1.06 <0.001 0.76 1 96.70 <0.001 Extraversion 0.99 0.504

Openness 0.97 0.067

Agreeableness 1.01 0.674 Conscientiousness 1.00 0.876 Sign.

predictors only

Impact of stressors 0.75 <0.001 0.74

CIRS 1.26 0.015

Neuroticism 1.07 <0.001

OR = odds ratio, * Nagelkerke’s R2, ∆df= change in degrees of freedom, LRT= likelihood ratio test

a age as continuous variable, b CIRS = Cumulative Illness Rating Scale

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SCATTERPLOTS  

Dependent variables as a function of age (as continuous variable):

Depression (HRSD scores 0-52) and quality of life (WHOQOL Bref scores 16-80) in the entire sample (N=181)

Personality dimensions as a function of depression / quality of life:

Neuroticism scores as a function of depression (HDRS score)

in the entire sample (N=181)

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Neuroticism, Openness to experience and Conscientiousness scores as a function of quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref score) for each group (patients/controls)

Patients (n=79) Controls (n=102)

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