Toll-like receptor 5 agonist flagellin reduces influenza A virus replication independently of type I interferon and interleukin 22 and improves antiviral efficacy of oseltamivir

After a viral infection and the stimulation of some pattern-recognition receptors as the toll-like receptor 3 in the endosomes or the RIG-I-like receptors in the cytosol, activation

In this study, the MDA5 receptor-mediated type I inter- feron response was assessed in cells in which chicken TRIM25 was overexpressed or downregulated, and the results showed

Due to their high sensitivity, RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR may cause misdiagnosis by detection of viral genome which does not infect, and classical virus isolation and clinical

The immune response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Bordetella bronchiseptica, or Legionella pneumophila is partly or fully recapitulated by

The GM-CSF released by airway epithelial cells orchestrates the mucosal adjuvant activity of flagellin.. Aneesh Vijayan, Laurye van Maele, Delphine Fougeron, Delphine Cayet, Jean

We next analyzed the intracellular localization of viral replication organelles in replicon cells.. Since

Identification of the VvFLS2 grapevine flagellin receptor by a functional genomics strategy..

To maintain fitness in the presence of enemies, plant defense mechanisms are aimed at inducing systemic resistance: in response to the attack of pathogens or herbivores,