الآثار البيئية لجائحة كوفيد- 19 وجودة الحياة في دول العالم

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Journal d’Economie, de Management, d’Environnement et de Droit (JEMED) ISSN 2605-6461 Vol 4. N° 1, Février 2021

132

The environment effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the quality of life in countries of the world

ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟ

- ﺓﺎﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺟﻭ 19 ﻲﻓ

ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ

ﺩ ﺔـــــــﻳﺯﻳﺎﻣﺣ ﺔﻳﻣﻻ .

ﻱﺩﻳﻬﻣ ﻥﺑ ﻲﺑﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺍﻭﺑﻟﺍ ﻡﺃ-

ﺭﺋﺍﺯﺟﻟﺍ ،

lamiahamaizia@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:We aim through this paper to focus on the environmental effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, this later which was appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan in the end of 2019. The speed of movement to and from this city has facilitated the spread of the virus around the world, consequently it generated an unprecedented globally pandemic. The catastrophic effects of this pandemic on mankind continue to increase from day to day, we can add also the devastating effects on the world economy which has spared no one... The environment, against all expectations, has improved, especially in the case of countries that have made the decision to establish strict containment.

To achieve this, we opted for a descriptive analytical study, based on the description of the COVID-19 pandemic at the international level, as well as on the analysis of the consequences of this virus in space and time; as we used the comparative method to highlight the statistics of the effects of this pandemic between several countries of the world.

We have achieved several results, among them: the preventive measures that are taken by the different countries in the five continents have helped to thwart the projection of greenhouse gases, thus the slowing down of traffic has had positive effects on terrestrial and marine flora and fauna… however, this does not mean that these positive effects are lasting. It should be noted, on the other hand, that this pandemic has turned the agenda of environmental and climate diplomacy upside down, as it has added other concerns in the notebook of this diplomacy.

K^EYWORDS: Covid-19; pandemic; preventive measures; health; environment.

ﺹﺧﻠﻣﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟ ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺑﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻳﺛﺣﺑﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻑﺩﻬﺗ -

ﻥﺎﻫﻭﻭ ﺔﻧﻳﺩﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻟ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻝﻭﺃ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺷﻛﻟﺍ ﺫﻧﻣ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ،19

ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ 2019 ﺫﻧﻣﻭ ،ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ءﺎﺣﻧﺃ ﻑﻠﺗﺧﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻠﺑﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻟﺇﻭ ﻥﻣ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﻝﻘﻧﺗ ﺩﻋﺎﺳ ﺩﻗﻭ.

ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﻔﻠﺧ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﺍ ﺔﻣﺯﺃ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻑﺎﺿﻳ ،ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﺯﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻳﻋﺍﺩﺗ ﻪﺟﺍﻭﻳ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ...

ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻗﻭﺗﻟﺍ ﻝﻛ ﺩﺿ–

ﺕﻧﺎﻛ– ﺔﻣﺍﺭﺻﺑ ﻲﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺭﺟﺣﻟﺍ ﺕﻘﺑﻁ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻠﺑﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻣﻳﺳﻻ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺗﺧﻣ .

ﺔﻳﺛﺣﺑﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺣﻣ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﻻﺍ ﻡﺗ ﺎﻣﻫﻭ ﻥﻳﺟﻬﻧﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﻲﻠﻳﻠﺣﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﺻﻭﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻧﻣﻟﺍ :

، ﻑﺻﻭﻟ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ -

ﻡﺍﺩﺧﺗﺳﺍ ﻡﺗ ﺎﻣﻛ ؛ﺎﻳﻧﻣﺯﻭ ﺎﻳﻧﺎﻛﻣ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻝﻳﻠﺣﺗﻭ ،ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ 19 ﻥﺭﺎﻘﻣﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻧﻣﻟﺍ

ﻳﺋﺎﺻﺣﻹﺍ ﻝﻳﻠﺣﺗﻟ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎ

ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻋﻭﻣﺟﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵ .

ﺎﻬﻣﻫﺃ ﺎﻣﺑﺭ ،ﺞﺋﺎﺗﻧﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻋﻭﻣﺟﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻧﻠﺻﻭﺗ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻝﺟ ﻝﺑﻗ ﻥﻣ ﺕﺫﺧﺗﺍ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ،ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺩﺣﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍءﺍﺭﺟﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ :

ﺍ ﺔﻠﻗ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻛ ،ﺔﺋﻳﻓﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺛﺎﻌﺑﻧﺍ ﻥﻣ ﻝﻳﻠﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻣﻫﺎﺳ ﺩﻗ ،ﺱﻣﺧﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻳﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺔﻛﺭﺣﻟ

ﺔﻳﺭﺣﺑﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻧﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺑﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺑﻧﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻳﺣ ﺔﻣﺍﺩﺗﺳﻣ ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑ ﺕﺍﺭﻳﻳﻐﺗ ﺙﺍﺩﺣﻹ ﻻﺎﻣﺁ ﻖﻠﻌﻧ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻻ ﺭﺧﺁ ﺏﻧﺎﺟ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻛﻟ .

.

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻛ -

ﻥﻣ ﺎﻬﺗﻔﻠﺧ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑ ﻝﻛﺎﺷﻣ ﺎﻬﺗﺑﻳﻘﺣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺕﻓﺎﺿﺃﻭ ﺥﺎﻧﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺳﺎﻣﻭﻠﺑﻳﺩ ﺭﺎﺳﻣ ﺕﻠﻁﻋ 19

ﺎﻬﺋﺍﺭﻭ .

ﺕﺎﻣﻠﻛﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺣﺎﺗﻔﻣﻟﺍ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ : - ﺔـــــــــﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ،ﺔــــــــﺣﺻﻟﺍ ،ﺔــــــــــﻳﺋﺎﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍءﺍﺭﺟﻹﺍ ،ﺔـــــــﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ، 19 .

ﺔــــــــﻣﺩﻘﻣ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺟﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ -

ﻻﻭ ﺔﻣﺩﻘﺗﻣ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻧﻣ ﻡﻠﺳﻳ ﻡﻟ ﺔﻳﺟﻭﻟﻭﻳﺑ ﺎﺑﺭﺣ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ،19

ﺔﻔﻠﺧﺗﻣ ﻰﺗﺣ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻳﻣﺎﻧ ﻲﺑﻭﻫ ﺔﻌﻁﺎﻘﻣﺑ ﻥﺎﻫﻭﻭ ﺔﻧﻳﺩﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻰﻟﻭﺃ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ ﻪﺑﺭﺣ ﺔﻳﺍﺩﺑ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻠﻋﺃ .

ﺭﺑﻣﺳﻳﺩ ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﻳﺣ ،ﺩﺎﺣ ﻱﻭﺋﺭ ﺏﺎﻬﺗﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ 2019

ﻭﻫ ﺩﻳﺩﺟﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻼﻋﻹﺍ ﻡﺗ ﺙ

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133 ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻙﻠﺗﻟ ﺏﺑﺳﻣﻟﺍ 2020

ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻫﻭﻭ ﺔﻧﻳﺩﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻳﻧﻁﺍﻭﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺩﻳﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﺡﺍﻭﺭﺃ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﺻﺣ .

ﺕﻐﻠﺑ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﺩﻳﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺑﻋ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺳﺑ ﺯﻳﻣﺗ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﻻ ﺓﺭﺅﺑ ﺕﺣﺑﺻﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ 215

.

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻥﺇ -

ﻥﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﺎﻣﻧﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻧﻳﻌﺑ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻳﻟ ﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﻻﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺣ ﻝﺷ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻳﺑﻛﻟﺍ ﺭﺛﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﺎﻛ19

ﺕﺎﻣﺩﺻﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻝﺛﻣ ﻊﻣ ﻝﻣﺎﻌﺗﻠﻟ ﺓﺯﻬﺟﻣ ﻥﻛﺗ ﻡﻟ ﻯﺭﺑﻛﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ ،ﻲﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﺯﻳﻣ ﺩﻭﻛﺭﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻳﻫﺎﻧ .

ﻷ ﺔﻳﻧﺩﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻭﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﻔﻠﺧ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺑﻠﺳﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺿﺎﻔﺧﻧﺍ ﺕﻠﺻﺍﻭ ﺙﻳﺣ ،ﻝﻭﺭﺗﺑﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺳ

ﻝﻳﻣﺭﺑﻠﻟ ﺍﺭﻻﻭﺩ 30 .

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟ ﺓﺩﻳﺍﺯﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻥﺇ -

ﻭﻫ ﻲﺋﺎﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺏﻧﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﻰﻘﺑﻳ ،ﺝﻼﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺡﺎﻘﻟ ﺭﻓﻭﺗ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻊﻣ ﺓﺍﺯﺍﻭﻣﻟﺎﺑﻭ ،19

ﻋﺎﺑﺗﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺭﺟﺣﻟﺍ ،ﻲﺗﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﻝﺯﻌﻟﺎﻛ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍءﺍﺭﺟﻹﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻠﻣﺟﺑ ﻡﺍﺯﺗﻟﻻﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ ؛ﺩﻳﺣﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺣﻟﺍ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻣﺗﺟﻻﺍ ﺩ

ﻝﺎﻣﻌﻠﻟ ﺢﻳﺭﺳﺗﻭ ﻊﻧﺎﺻﻣﻠﻟ ﻖﻠﻏ ،ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻁﻣﻠﻟ ﻖﻠﻏ ،ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩﻠﻟ ﻖﻳﻠﻌﺗ ﻥﻣ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻊﺑﺗ ﺎﻣﻭ ،ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻪﺗﺿﺭﻓ ﺕﻧﺎﻛ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ...

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻪﻳﻓ -

ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﺍ ﺭﺑﻛﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺄﻁﻭ ﺩﺷﺃ 19 ﻱﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻧﻣ ﻥﻣ -

ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺭﻅﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻥﻣ ﺭﻳﺭﺎﻘﺗ ﺭﻳﺷﺗ -

ﻅ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭﻟﺍ ﻪﻳﻟﺇ ﻝﺁ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻝ

!

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﺧﻣ ﻥﺇ -

ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻗﺭﺃ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗﻟﺍ ﻝﺟﺳﻳﺳ ﻯﺭﺑﻛﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻎﻟﺎﺑﻟﺍ ﺭﺛﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﺎﻛ19 ﻝﺑﺎﻘﻣﻟﺎﺑ .

،ﺔﻳﺧﺎﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻳﻐﺗﻟﺍ ﻝﻛﺷﻣ ﻝﺣﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﻣﺗﺅﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻧﻟﺍ ﺕﺩﻘﻌﻧﺍ ﺎﻣﻟﺎﻁ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ،ﺔﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺛﻷﺍ ﻎﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻭﻛﻳﺳ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺙﻭﻠﺗﻟﺍ ،ﻲﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺗﻼﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺯﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﺑﻁ ﻝﻛﺂﺗ ﻭ

ﺓﻭﺟﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺗﻧﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻌﺑﺗﺗ ﻡﻟﻭ ...

!

ﻲﻟﺎﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﺳﻳﺋﺭﻟﺍ ﻝﺅﺎﺳﺗﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻧﺩﻭﻘﻳ ﺡﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ :

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﻳﺛﺄﺗ ﻯﺩﻣ ﺎﻣ -

؟ﺓﺭﻳﺑﻛ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﺍ ﺭﺋﺎﺳﺧ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺑﻛ ﻪﻳﻓ ﺕﺩﺑﻛﺗ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ19

ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﻳﺛﺄﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﻳﺑﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺛﺣﺑﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻳﻣﻫﺃ ﻥﻣﻛﺗ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ

- ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻻ ﻥﻛﻟ ،ﺭﻳﺑﻛﻭ ﻎﻟﺎﺑ ﺩﺎﺻﺗﻗﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ 19

ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑ ﺭﻅﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻥﻣ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺗﻔﻠﺧ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻶﻟ ﺭﺧﺁ ﻪﺟﻭ ﻝﺎﻔﻏﺇ ءﺍﺭﺟﺈﻛ ﺽﻭﺭﻔﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺭﺟﺣﻟﺍ ﻝﻅ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ .

ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺳﺑ ﺯﻳﻣﺗﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﺷﻔﺗ ﻥﻣ ﺩﺣﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻗﻭ ﺍﺫﻛﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻁﺎﺷﻧ ﻥﻣ ﺩﺣﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﻳﻠﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻣﻫﺎﺳ ﺕﺍءﺍﺭﺟﻹﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ .

ﺕﺍﺭﺋﺎﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻔﺳﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺣ ﻰﺗﺣﻭ ،ﻊﻧﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺑ ﺔﻁﻳﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺛﺃ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺓﺭﻳﺧﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻝﻛ ...

ﺎﺗﻗﺅﻣ ﻭﻟﻭ– -

ﻩﺎﻳﻣﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺟ ﻰﺗﺣﻭ ﺔﺋﻳﻓﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺽﺎﻔﺧﻧﺍ ،ءﺍﻭﻬﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺟﻛ ﺕﺍﺯﻳﻣﻟﺍ ﺽﻌﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺛﻣﺗ ﺔﻌﻓﺎﻧ ﺓﺭﺎﺿ ﺏﺭ ﻝﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻝﻬﻓ .

؟ﺔﻧﻳﻌﻣ ﺔﻳﻧﻣﺯ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻟ ﻭﻟﻭ

!

ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ ﻑﺩﻬﻧ ﺎﻫﺭﻳﺛﺄﺗﻭ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺟﺎﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﻳﻣﻣﻭ ﺹﺋﺎﺻﺧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺗﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﺏﺎﺑﺳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻟﺍ ،ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍ ﺔﺣﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ -

،ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺑﺑ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﻝﻣﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍﻭ 19

ﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺩﺣﻠﻟ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻣ ﺓﺫﺧﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺑﺍﺩﺗﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍءﺍﺭﺟﻹﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺽﺭﻋ ﺕﺯﻳﻣ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻝﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ -

ﺎﻫﺩﻌﺑ ﺎﻣﻭ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﻝﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺑ ﻡﺎﻣﺗﻫﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﺳﻣ ﻊﺑﺗﺗ ﺍﺫﻛﻭ ،19 .

ﺙﺎﺣﺑﻷﺍ ﻥﻣ ﻉﻭﻧﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﻣ ﺏﺳﺎﻧﺗﻳ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻳﻠﺣﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﺻﻭﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺑﻁﺗ ﻡﺗ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻟﺎﻛﺷﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻺﻟ ﻡﺗ .

ﺛﻼﺛ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻳﺛﺣﺑﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺣﻣ ﻡﻳﺳﻘﺗ ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻣﻛ ﺭﻭﺎﺣﻣ ﺔ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺕﺍﺯﻳﻣﻣﻭ ﺔﻳﺻﻭﺻﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻧﻗﺭﻁﺗ : -

19

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﺕﻘﺑﺳ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺔﻳﺻﻭﺻﺧ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻳﺯﺭﺑﻣ ،ﻲﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﻩﺭﻳﺛﺄﺗﻭ -

ﺓﺎﻳﺣ ﺓﺩﻣ ﺍﺫﻛﻭ ،19

ﻪﻟﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﺻﺣﻹﺍ ﺓءﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻲﻧﺎﺛﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻧﻗﺭﻁﺗ .

- ﻰﻠﻋ 19 ﻥﻣ ،ﻲﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ

ﻲﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺏﻧﺎﺟﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻁﺑﺗﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺋﺎﺻﺣﻹﺍ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺽﺭﻌﻟ ﺹﺻﺧ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺙﻟﺎﺛﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ .

ﺔﻌﺑﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍءﺍﺭﺟﻹﺍﻭ ﺎﻣﻭﻣﻋ ﻲﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺭﺟﺣﻟﺍ ﻝﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺗﻔﻠﺧ .

1 ﺕﺍﺯﻳﻣﻣﻭ ﺔﻳﺻﻭﺻﺧ - ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ

- 19

ﺹﺋﺎﺻﺧ ﺯﺍﺭﺑﺇ ﺭﻭﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ ﻝﻭﺎﺣﻧﺳ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ

- ،ﺔﻬﺟ ﻥﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺓﻭﻗﻭ19 ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺍﺯﻳﻣﻣ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺔﻬﺟ ﻥﻣﻭ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺗﺭﺩﻗﻭ

ﺕﺳﻣ ﺔﻳﺟﻭﻟﻭﻳﺑ ﺏﺭﺣ ﻝﺟ

ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ .

1 - ﻝﻭﺣ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺓﺭﻅﻧ1 ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ

) Coronavirus ﺔﺑﺑﺳﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﻳﺩﺟﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ (

ﺽﺍﺭﻣﻷ ﺓﺩﻳﺩﺟ

ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻌﻳ ،

ﻰﻣﺣﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﺎﻌﺳﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﻥﻭﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺳﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﻛ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﺔﺻﺎﺧﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﺻﺗ ﺩﻗﻭ

ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ ﺔﻋﺎﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻘﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺹﻘﻧ ،ﻱﺭﻛﺳﻟﺍ ،ﻡﺩﻟﺍ ﻁﻐﺿ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ،ﺔﺋﺭﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ)

(...

1.

ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺭﻬﻅ2003

ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﻲﻣﺳ

"

SARS-CoV

"

ﺏﺎﻬﺗﻟﻻﺍ ءﺎﺑﻭﺑ ﻁﺑﺗﺭﻣ ﻝﺻﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻥﺎﻛﻭ ،

ﻱﻭﺋﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺩﺗﺷﺍ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ ، ﻥﻣ

ﺭﺑﻣﻓﻭﻧ ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ ﻰﻟﺇ 2002

2003 ﺙﻳﺣ .

ﻠﻋ ﻲﺳﻳﺋﺭ ﻝﻛﺷﺑ ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺛﺃ ﻰ

1 République et canton de Genève, Département de l'instruction publique, de la formation et de la jeunesse, Information importante sur le coronavirus, Genève 2020, p01.

(3)

134 ﻭ ﻥﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ29

ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻠﻳﺻﺣ ﺕﻧﺎﻛﻭ ، ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻣﺑ ،ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ8096

ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ 774 ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻛ .

ﻝﺻﺃ

ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺄﺷﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣ

، ﺓﺩﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﺯﻼﺗﻣﻟﺎﺑ ﻑﺭﻌﻳﻭ ﺷﻟﺍ

ﺓﺩﻳﺩ

∗ .

ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻳﻠﻋ ﻖﻠﻁﻳ ﺔﻳﺩﻭﻌﺳﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺑﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻳﺩﺟ ﻲﺳﻔﻧﺗ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺭﻬﻅ 2012

"

MERS-CoV "

ﺔﻳﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﻁﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺭﺷﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﺯﻼﺗﻣﻟ

#. ﺑﻭﺣﺻﻣ ﻥﻭﻛﻳﻭ ﻲﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺟﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺛﺅﻳ ﺎ

ﺩﻗ ﺎﻣﻣ ،ﻝﺎﻌﺳﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﻣﺣﻟﺎﺑ

ﻱﺩﺅﻳ ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﻰﻟﺇ 30

ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻥﻣ % ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ . ﻁﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺭﺷﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﺩﻳﺩﻌﻟﺍ

2. ﻡﻳﻳﻘﺗ ﺭﻳﺷﻳﻭ

ﺭﺑﻣﻓﻭﻧ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ 2019

ﺎﻬﻳﻓ ﺎﻣﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ 2494 ﻰﻟﺇ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺻﺃ ﻊﺟﺭﻳﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ 859

ﻝﻣﺟﻟﺍﻭ ﺵﺎﻔﺧﻟﺍ ﺭﺋﺎﻁ

3.

1 - ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺔﻳﺻﻭﺻﺧ2 ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ

ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻲﻣﺗﻧﻳ )

CoV ﺔﻠﺋﺎﻌﻟ (

) ARN ﻭﺃ ﻱﺯﻭﺑﻳﺭﻟﺍ ﻱﻭﻭﻧﻟﺍ ﺽﻣﺣﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ (

ﻲﺑﻳﺭﻟﺍ ) Acide

ribonucléique ،(

ﺙﻳﺣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻳﻣﺳﺗﻟﺍ ﻝﺻﺃ ﻊﺟﺭﻳ ﺯﻳﻣﺗﻳ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺩﻭﺟﻭ

ﺕﻼﺻﻳﻭﺣﺑ ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺗﻭﺭﺑ

) Sicules protéiques (

ﻲﺳﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﻳﺳﺟﻠﻟ ﻲﻧﻫﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻐﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺣ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﻻﻼﺳ ﺽﻌﺑ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻛ ،ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻯﻭﺩﻋ ﺭﺷﺗﻧﺗ .

ﺄﺷﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣ ﻥﻭﻛﺗ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ )

Zoonotiques ﻱﺃ ،(

ﻥﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﻥﻳﺑ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺎﻬﻧﺃ ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍﻭ

ﺕﻻﻼﺳ ﻙﺎﻧﻫ ﻥﻛﻟ ،

ﺄﺷﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣ ﺕﺳﻳﻟ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ

4. ﺎﻣﻛ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﻁﻧﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻠﺗﺎﻗ ﺔﺋﺑﻭﺃ ﺙﻼﺛ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﺑ ﻥﻳﺭﺷﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﺣﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺯﻳﻣﺗ

ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻺﻟ ﺓﺄﺟﻓ ﻝﻘﻧﺗﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻧﺿﺗﺣﻳ ،ﺔﺋﺷﺎﻧﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ :

) SRAS-CoV ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓﻭ (

ﺱﺭﺎﻣﻟﺍ

) MERS-CoV

5.(

ﻡﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺩﺟ

01 ﻉﺍﻭﻧﺃ : ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺏﻳﺻﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ

ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺳﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺳ

ﻉﻭﻧﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﻷﺍ

ﺔﺟﺗﺎﻧﻟﺍ

HCoV-22E 1966

Alpha-CoV

ﺔﻳﻣﺳﻭﻣ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﻬﺗﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﻳﻔﻁ

ﺔﻳﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﺟﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﻭﻠﻌﻟﺍ

HcoV-OC43 1967

Beta-CoV

HcoV-NL63 2004

Alpha-CoV

HcoV-HKU1 2005

Beta-CoV

SARS-CoV 2002

Beta-CoV

MERS-CoV 2012

Beta-CoV

COVID 2019 2019

Beta-CoV

ﺔﻳﺳﻔﻧﺗ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ

Source : Ministère de la Santé, de la Population et de la Réforme Hospitalière, Direction Générale de la Prévention et de la Promotion de la Santé, Plan de préparation et de riposte à la

menace de l’infection coronavirus COVID-19, Algérie2020, Document pdf.

ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻝﺻﺃ ﻝﻭﺣ ءﺍﺭﻵﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺩﻳﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﻙﺎﻧﻫ -

2 ) SARS-CoV-2 ﻥﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻱﺃﺭﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺷﻳ ﺙﻳﺣ ؛(

ﺵﺎﻔﺧﻟﺍ ﺭﺋﺎﻁﺑ ﻁﺑﺗﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﺏﺭﻗﺃ )

Chauve-souris ﻭﺃ (

BetaCoV/bat/Yunnan/RaTG13/2013 ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻪﻳﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺷﻳ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ

- ﺔﺑﺳﻧﺑ ﺎﺳﻧﺎﺟﺗ2 96

6.%

∗ SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.

# MERS: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.

2 www.pasteur.fr/fr/centre-medical/fiches-maladies/mers-cov. Consulté le 11/04/2020.

3 Ministère de la Santé, de la Population et de la Réforme Hospitalière, Direction Générale de la Prévention et de la Promotion de la Santé, Plan de préparation et de riposte à la menace de l’infection coronavirus COVID-19, Algérie2020, Document pdf.

4 www.oie.int/fr/expertise-scientifique/informations-specifiques-et-recommandations/questions-et-reponses-sur- le-nouveau-coronavirus2019/. Consulté le 26/04/2020.

5 www.inserm.fr/information-en-sante/dossiers-information/coronavirus-sars-cov-et-mers-cov. Consulté le 26/04/2020.

6 L. Xingguang et al, Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2, Journal of medical virology 2020, pp 1–10.

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135 ﻭﻫ ﻻﺎﻣﺗﺣﺍ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ ﻝﺻﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﻭﺻﻠﺧﻭ ،ﺭﺑﺗﺧﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﻳﻧﺻﺗ ﻝﻭﺣ ﺞﺟﺣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺭﻳﺷﻳ ﻲﻧﺎﺛﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ

ﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔ ﺵﺎﻔﺧﻟﺎﺑ ﻁﺑﺗﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻳﻟﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺛﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺩﺟﻭﻳ ﻻ ﻥﻳﺣ ﻲﻓ ،

ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟ ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺟﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﻟﺎﻌﻣﻟﺍ -

ﻪﺟﻭ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،2

ﺔﻳﺭﺷﺑﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﺹﻘﻧ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟ ﻡﺎﻫ ﻝﺳﻠﺳﺗ ﺩﺟﻭﻳ ﻻ ﺹﻭﺻﺧﻟﺍ )

HIV

7.(

1 - ﺓﺎﻳﺣ ﺓﺩﻣ 3 ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺭﻁﻭ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ -

∗19

ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺹﺋﺎﺻﺧ ﻝﻭﺣ ﺔﻳﻟﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺓﺭﻅﻧ ﺍﺭﺧﺅﻣ ﺎﻫﺭﺷﻧ ﻡﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺩﻳﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻣﺩﻗ

ﻥﻳﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺯﻳﻣﺗ ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺎﺑ

- 2 ) SARS-CoV-2 ﻥﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻣﺟﻣﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺗﺗﻭ ،ﻥﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ (

ﻰﻟﺇ52 72314 ﺔﻟﺎﺣ

8.

ﺙﻳﺣ ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻝﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻣﻛ )

SARS -CoV ﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓﻭ (

ـ ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ) MERS-CoV ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻪﻧﺈﻓ ،(

ﺏﺑﺳﺗﻳ

ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ - 2 ) SARS-CoV-2 ﻰﻟﺇ ﺩﺭﺑﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺯﻧ ﻥﻣ ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺗﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻲﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺟﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﻬﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ (

ﺔﻣﺯﻼﺗﻣ

ﺓﺩﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﻲﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺟﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﻋﺎﻧﻁﺻﺍ ﺎﺳﻔﻧﺗ ﺏﻠﻁﺗﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ،

ﺎﻣﻟ ﺎﻘﻓﻭﻭ ،ﺭﺎﺻﺗﺧﺎﺑ . ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺩﺎﻓﺃ

) OMS (

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ ﻥﺈﻓ -

ﻲﻫ 19 ﻰﻣﺣﻟﺍ : ) 88 ﻑﺎﺟﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﺳﻟﺍ ،(%

) 68 ﺏﻌﺗﻟﺍ ،(%

) 38 ﻡﻐﻠﺑﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺍﺭﻓﺇ ،(%

) 33 ﻖﻳﺿ ،(%

ﺱﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ )

19 ﻖﻠﺣﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﻬﺗﻟﺍ ،(%

) 14 ﻉﺍﺩﺻ ،(%

) 14 ﺕﻼﺿﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻟﺃ ،(%

) 15 ﺓﺭﻳﺭﻌﺷﻘﻟﺍ ،(%

) 11 ﻥﺎﻳﺛﻐﻟﺍ ،(%

ءﻲﻘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ )

5 ﻑﻧﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻘﺗﺣﺍ ،(%

) 5 ﻝﺎﻬﺳﻹﺍﻭ (%

) 4 ﺎﻣﻛ .(%

ﻳﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺽﻌﺑ ﻥﺃ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ ﻡﻬﻳﺩﻟ ﺱﻳﻟ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﻥ

ﺔﻟﺎﺣﺑ ﻥﻭﻌﺗﻣﺗﻳﻭ ،ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺓﺭﻘﺗﺳﻣ

ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻋﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺛﻳﺩﺣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﺗﻭ .

ﻰﻟﺇ 80 85 ﻥﻳﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﻥﻣ %

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﺑ ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ

- ﻥﺃ ﻥﻳﺣ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﻣﻭﺩﻌﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻠﻳﻠﻗ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ ﻡﻬﻳﺩﻟ 2 ﻰﻟﺇ 15

20 ﺎﻣ ﺎﺑﻟﺎﻏ ،ﺓﺩﺷ ﺭﺛﻛﺃ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺄﺑ ﻥﻭﺑﺎﺻﻳ %

ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺔﺑﺣﺎﺻﻣ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ ﻡﻬﻳﺩﻟ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻳﻧﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺎﺑ ﻁﺑﺗﺭﺗ

9.

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﻻ ﻲﺳﻳﺋﺭﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﺇ -

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻳﻟﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺷﺗﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺳﻧﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻥﺎﺳﻧﺇ ﻥﻣ ﻭﻫ 19 ﻥﺃ

ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣ ﺭﺩﺻﻣﺑ ﻁﺑﺗﺭﻣ

ﻲﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﺛﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﺟ ﺙﻭﺣﺑﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻛ . ﺭﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ ﻲﻟﺎﺗﻟﺎﺑﻭ ،

ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻟ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺯﺧﻠﻟ ﻝﻣﺗﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺳﻔﺗﻟ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺩﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗﻟ ﺔﻳﻓﺎﻛ ﺔﻳﻣﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﺩﺟﻭﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻋﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﻰﺗﺣﻭ ،ﻙﻟﺫ ﻊﻣﻭ .

ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﻲﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﺭﺎﺳﻣ

10.

ﻥﻛﻟ ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻛﺅﺗﻟ ﺔﻟﺩﻷﺍ ﻊﻳﻣﺟ ﻰﻗﻼﺗﺗ ،ﻑﺎﻁﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﻲﻓ -

ﻊﻣ ﻑﻳﻛﺗ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻲﻌﻳﺑﻁ ﻝﺻﺃ ﻥﻣ2 ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍ

ﻥﻣ ﺭﻭﺭﻣﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻳﻓﺎﻔﺧﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﻳﻳﺩﺛﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﺳﻧﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺷﺎﺑﻣ ﻝﻛﺷﺑ ﻭﺃ ،ﻥﻵﺍ ﻰﺗﺣ ﺔﻓﻭﺭﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﻏ

11.

ﻥﺇ ﻰﻘﺑﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﻝﺛﻣ ﻪﻠﺛﻣ ،ﺔﻳﺟﺭﺎﺧﻟﺍ ﺔﺋﻳﺑﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻳﺣ ﺓﺩﻣ ﻠﻋ

ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻳﺣﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﻗ ﻰ

ﻊﺑﺭﺃ ﻥﻣ ﻁﺳﻭﺗﻣﻟﺍ )

04 ﺱﻣﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ ( )

05 ﻡﺎﻳﺃ ( ﻊﻣﻭ . ﻊﺳﺗ ﻰﺗﺣ ءﺎﻘﺑﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻙﻟﺫ )

09 ﻳﺃ ( ﺽﻌﺑ ﺢﻁﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺎ

ﺔﻁﻳﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺣﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺯﻭﺎﺟﺗﺗ ﻻ ﺎﻣﺩﻧﻋ ،ﺔﻳﻧﺩﻌﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺗﺳﻼﺑﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻳﺟﺎﺟﺯﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺳﺟﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻣﻛ ﺔﻳﻭﺋﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ 20

ءﺎﺗﺷﻟﺍ ﻝﺻﻓ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺣﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻥﻭﻛﺗ ﺎﻣﺩﻧﻋ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺳ ﻊﺿﺑﻟ ﻥﻭﻛﻳ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﺷﻧ ﻥﺇ .

ﻥﻛﻣﻳﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻭﺋﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ 30

ﺕﺎﻣﻘﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺧﺗﺳﺎﺑ ﺢﻁﺳﻷﺍ ﺭﻳﻬﻁﺗ ﻖﻳﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻘﻳﻗﺩ ﻥﻣ ﻝﻗﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻟﻭﻬﺳﺑ ﻪﻁﺎﺷﻧ ﻝﻳﻁﻌﺗ ﻝﻳﻓﺎﺟﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺳﻛﺅﻣﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣﻟﺎﻛ

) Eau oxygénée/ Eau de javel .(

ﻧﺈﻓ ،ﻯﻭﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﻕﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻣﺃ ﺎﻬ

ﻘﺗﻧﺗ ﻝ ﺏﺎﺻﻣ ﺹﺧﺷ ﻊﻣ ﻝﺎﺻﺗﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻛ ،ﻝﺎﻌﺳﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺱﻁﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻳﺑ

ﻯﻭﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻘﻧﺑ ﻝﻳﻔﻛ ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺎﺑ ﺭﻳﻏ ﻱﺩﻳﻷﺍ ﻙﺎﻛﺗﺣﺍﻭ ﻝﺎﺻﺗﻻﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺳﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﻯﺭﺧﻷﺍ ﻝﻣﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻳﺑ ﻥﻣ .

ﻪﺟﻭﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻠﺳﺗﻐﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﺑﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺑﺍﺩﺗﺑ ﺫﺧﻷﺍ ﻊﻣ ،ﻱﺩﻳﻸﻟ ﺭﻣﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﻝﺳﻐﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﻅﻧﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﺿ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻛﺅﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ .

ﻲﻋﺎﻣﺗﺟﻻﺍ ﺩﻋ

ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻳﺎﻣﺣﻠﻟ ﻱﺭﻭﺭﺿ

12. ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻣﻠﻋ ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﻯﻭﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻳﺑ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻟﺍ)

(

7 K.G Andersen et al, The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2., Nat Med 26, April 2020, pp 450– 452.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9

∗ Covid-19: (Co) et (vi) : coronavirus, (d) un mot anglais (disease): maladie, pathologie. Le nombre 19 correspond à l’année d’apparition du virus chez l’être humain: 2019.

8 Z. Wu, J.M McGoogan., Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020 Feb 24:10.1001/jama.2020.2648

9 W.J Guan et al. (2020), China Medical Treatment Expert Group for COVID-19. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 28:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032. .

10 www.oie.int/fr/expertise-scientifique/informations-specifiques-et-recommandations/questions-et-reponses-sur- le-nouveau-coronavirus2019/. Consulté le 26/04/2020.

11 P. Meylan, Origine de SARS-CoV-2 : le probable et le possible, Rev Med Suisse 2020; volume 16. 875-875.

12 www.inrs.fr/actualites/COVID-19-travail.html. Consulté le 11/04/2020.

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136 ﺙﻼﺛ ﻥﻣ ﻲﻫ )

03 ﺱﻣﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ ( )

05 ﻰﺗﺣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺩﺗﻣﺗ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻡﺎﻋ ﻝﻛﺷﺑ ﻡﺎﻳﺃ ( ﺎﻣﻭﻳ 14

ﻥﻭﻛﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻝﻼﺧ .

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﻣﺣ ﻪﻧﻛﻣﻳ ؛ﺎﻳﺩﻌﻣ ﺹﺧﺷﻟﺍ )

Porteur du virus ﺽﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﻪﻳﻠﻋ ﺭﻬﻅﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ (

13.

2 ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﺻﺣﺇ ﺓءﺍﺭﻗ - -

ﻲﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ 19

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ ﻝﻭﺎﺣﻧﺳ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟﻟ ﺔﻳﺋﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺹﺋﺎﺻﺧﻟﺍ

- ﺍﺫﻛﻭ ،19 ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺧ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ

ﺔﻠﻳﺻﺣﻭ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺳﻭ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ

ﻲﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .

2 - ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺧ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ 1 ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺳﻭ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺧ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻣﻟ -

ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺭﻁﺧﻟﺍ ﻡﺟﺣ ﻡﻳﻳﻘﺗﺑ ﺓﺭﻳﺧﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺢﻣﺳﺗ ،ﺱﻳﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺙﻼﺛ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﻻﺍ ﻡﺗﻳ 19

ﻪﻠﻛﺷﻳ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ

14: ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﻻﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ  )

Transmission Rate: Ro ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻥﻣ ﺎﺛﻳﺩﺣ ﻥﻳﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻖﻳﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ (

ﺓﺩﺣﺍﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻭﺟﻬﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣﺑ ﻪﻳﻠﻋ ﻖﻠﻁﻳ ﺎﻣﻛ . ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻳﻠﺑﺎﻗ

) The attack rate or

transmissibility ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺳ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻛﺗﻠﻟ ﻱﻭﻳﺣ ﻲﺋﺎﺻﺣﺇ ﺱﺎﻳﻘﻣ ﻭﻫﻭ (

ﺕﺍﺅﺑﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺧﺗﺳﺍ ﻡﺗﻳ ﺙﻳﺣ ،ﺭﻁﺧﻠﻟ ﻥﻳﺿﺭﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻛﺳﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻣﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﺷﻔﺗﻟﺍ ءﺎﻧﺛﺃﻭ ﺔﻳﺿﺍﺭﺗﻓﻻﺍ

.

ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ  )

Case Fatality Rate: CFR ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﺗﻭﻣﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﺔﺑﺳﻧ ﻝﺛﻣﻳ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ (

ﺔﻧﻳﻌﻣ ﺔﻳﻧﻣﺯ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﻬﺻﻳﺧﺷﺗ ﻡﺗ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣﻟﺎﺑ ،ﻥﻳﻌﻣ ﺽﺭﻣ ﺎﻣﻛ .

ﺅﺑﻧﺗﻠﻟ ﻙﻟﺫﻛ ﻡﺩﺧﺗﺳﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺎﺑﻟﺎﻏﻭ ،ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺷ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺑﻌﻳ ﺱﺎﻳﻘﻣﻛ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﻝﻣﻌﺗﺳﻳ ﺽﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺳﻣ ﻊﻗﻭﺗ)

،(

ﺔﻳﺑﻠﺳ ﺞﺋﺎﺗﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺷﺗﻭ

15.

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ  )

Coronavirus Incubation Period ﻊﻣ (

ﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ ﺔﻳﻧﺎﻛﻣﺇ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ

ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻥﻭﺩ .

ﻝﻳﻠﺣﺗﺑ ﺱﻳﻳﺎﻘﻣﻟﺍ ﺭﻛﺫﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺳﻟﺍ

ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣ ﻥﺈﻓ ، ﻰﻟﺇ ﺕﺭﺎﺷﺃ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﻥﺃ )

Ro ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺗﻳ (

ﻥﻳﺑ ﻭ1.4 2.5

16. ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺕﺭﺩﻗﻭ )

Ro ﻥﻳﺑ ( ﻰﻟﺇ 2.24

3.58

17. ﺎﻣﻟ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﺷﻔﺗ ءﺎﻔﺗﺧﺍ ﻥﻳﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﻝﺩﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﺢﺑﺻﻳ ﻰﻟﺇ

ﺩﺣﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ )

1 Ro <

( ﺩﻧﻋﻭ . ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ

- ﻊﻣ 19 ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺷﻟﺍ ﺍﺯﻧﻭﻠﻔﻧﻷﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺗﻧﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ )

Flu (

ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍﻭ )

SARS ﺩﺟﻧ(

ﻭ1.3 ﺏﻳﺗﺭﺗﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ2.0

.

ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣﻟﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻣﺃ )

CFR ،( ﻲﻓ ﻥﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ،ﺍﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ ﻥﺎﻫﻭﻭ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻼﺛﻣ

ﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﺭﻳﺩﻘﺗ ﻡﺗ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﺑ ﺕ

ﻲﻟﺍﻭﺣﺑ 2 ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣﻟ ﻲﻔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺭﻣﺗﺅﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ % ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘﻌﻧﺍ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ

29

ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻊﻣﻭ ،2020

ﻪﻧﺍﻭﻷ ﻖﺑﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻥﻳﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻣ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺕﻅﺣﻻ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺑﺳﻧ ﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ

.

13 WHO, Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), 16-24 February 2020. pdf document. p40. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint- mission-on-COVID-19-final-report.pdfwww.jeuneafrique.com/905908/societe/lafrique-face-au-coronavirus- trois-infographies-pour-mieux-comprendre-lepidemie/.

14 https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?

15 https://www.britannica.com/science/attack-rate. Consulté le 11/06/2020.

16 WHO, Statement on the meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), January 23, 2020.

17 Shi Zhao et al, Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak, International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 92, March 2020, pages 214-217.

(6)

137 ﻝﻛﺷ

ﻡﻗﺭ 01 ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﺭﻭﻁﺗ : )

CFR ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻠﻟ ( ﻱﺭﻔﻳﻓ25

ﻰﻟﺇ ﻥﺍﻭﺟ 25

ﺭﺩﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﻻﺎﺑ ﺔﺛﺣﺎﺑﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻥﻣ :

:

https://ourworldindata.org/mortality-risk-covid#the-case-fatality-rate. [En ligne]

consulté le 25/06/2020.

ﻡﻗﺭ ﻝﻛﺷﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ )

01 ﻣ ﻝﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻑﺭﻋ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﻥﺃ ﺢﺿﺗﻳ ( ،ﻯﺭﺧﻷ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﻑﻠﺗﺧﺗ ﺕﻻﺩﻌﻣﻭ ﺕﺎﻳﻭﺗﺳ

ءﺍﻭﺳ ﺔﻳﻟﺍﻭﻣﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﺷﻷﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺎﻅﻭﺣﻠﻣ ﺍﺭﻭﻁﺗ ﻝﺩﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻑﺭﻋ ﺎﻣﻛ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺎﻛ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﻻﻭﺩ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻳﺻﻠﻟ ﺔﺑﺳﻧﻟﺎﺑ

ﻰﺗﺣ ﻎﻠﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺳﺎﻳﻗﻭ ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺭﻣ ﺕﻻﺩﻌﻣ ﺓﺭﻳﺧﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻓﺭﻋ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻳﻟﺎﻁﻳﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ 14.47

ﻲﻓ % 25

ﻥﺍﻭﺟ ﻝﺩﻌﻣﺑ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣﻟﺎﺑ ،2020

2.62 ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻡﺗ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ %

ﻱﺭﻔﻳﻓ 25

18. ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣﺑﻭ

) SARS-CoV-2 ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﻌﻣ ﻊﻣ (

) SARS –CoV ﺱﺭﺎﻣﻟﺍﻭ (

) MERS-CoV ﺍﺯﻧﻭﻠﻔﻧﻷﺍﻭ (

) Swine Flu ﺩﺟﻧ (

ﺏﻳﺗﺭﺗﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ :

10 ، % 34 ﻭ % 0.02

19.%

ﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﺑ ﻁﺑﺗﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻳﻘﻣﻟﺍ ﻝﻳﻠﺣﺗ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻣﺃ ﺿ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎ )

CIP ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟ ﻲﻟﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﻲﻣﺳﺭﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﻘﻣﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻁﻧﻟﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ (

ﻥﻣ ﺩﺟﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﻰﻟﺇ 2

ﺎﻣﻭﻳ 14 ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﻲﺑﻭﻫ ﺔﻌﻁﺎﻘﻣﻟ ﺔﻳﻠﺣﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻭﻛﺣﻟﺍ ﺕﺣﺭﺻ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻊﻣﻭ . ﻥﺃ ﻱﺭﻔﻳﻓ 22

ﺭﻣﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﻎﻠﺑﻳ ﻼﺟﺭ ﺩﻌﺑ ﻻﺇ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﻪﻳﻠﻋ ﺭﻬﻅﺗ ﻡﻟ ﻪﻧﻛﻟﻭ ،ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﺑ ﺏﻳﺻﺃ ﺔﻧﺳ 70

ﻥﺃ ﻲﻧﻌﻳ ﺎﻣﻣ ،ﺎﻣﻭﻳ 27

ﻱﺃ ﺔﺿﺭﺗﻔﻣﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺭﻳﺛﻛﺑ ﻝﻭﻁﺃ ﻥﻭﻛﺗ ﺩﻗ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﺎﻣﻭﻳ14

20.

ﻅﺣﻭﻟ ﺎﻣﻛ ﺩ ﻲﻓ

ﺔﺳﺍﺭ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ

ﻡﻭﺩﺗ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻣﻟ

ﺎﻣﻭﻳ19 ﺎﻬﻠﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻡﺗ ﺱﻣﺧ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

) 05 (

ﻲﻓ ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻱﺭﻔﻳﻓ 21

21. ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺷﻧ ﻯﺭﺧﺃ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓﻭ ــﺑ ﺕﺭﺩﻗ ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﺩﺻﺭ ﻡﺗ ﻱﺭﻔﻳﻓ 09

ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺎﻣﻭﻳ 24

ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣ ﺕﺭﺎﺷﺃ ﺩﺩﺻﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ

ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﻥﻣ ﻻﺩﺑ ﺎﻳﻧﺎﺛ ﺎﺿﺭﻌﺗ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻛﻌﻳ

ﺔﻠﻳﻭﻁ

22. ﺭﺧﻵ ﺽﻳﺭﻣ ﻥﻣ ﺭﻳﺑﻛ ﻝﻛﺷﺑ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺩﻣ ﻑﻠﺗﺧﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﺎﻣﻛ .

ﻡﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺩﺟ 02

ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ : ﻓﻭﺭﻌﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ

ــــــ ﺔ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ

- 19

) COVID-19 (

ﺱﺭﺎﺳﻟﺍ

) SARS ( ﺱﺭﺎﻣﻟﺍ

) MERS (

ﺭﻳﺯﺎﻧﺧﻟﺍ ﺍﺯﻧﻭﻠﻔﻧﺃ

) Swine Flu (

ﺔﻳﻣﺳﻭﻣﻟﺍ ﺍﺯﻧﻭﻠﻔﻧﻷﺍ

) Seasonal Flu (

ﺔﻧﺎﺿﺣﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺗﻓ ﻥﻣ

ﻰﻟﺇ2 ﺎﻣﻭﻳ 14

ﻥﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ0 24

*ﺎﻣﻭﻳ

ﻥﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ2 ﻡﺎﻳﺃ7

ﻡﻭﺩﺗ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻡﺎﻳﺃ10

ﻡﺎﻳﺃ5

ﻝﺎﺟﻣﻟﺍ) 2 -

14 ( ﻥﻣ

ﻰﻟﺇ01 ﻡﻭﺩﺗ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻡﺎﻳﺃ04

ﻡﺎﻳﺃ07 ﻥﻳﻣﻭﻳ

ﻝﺎﺟﻣﻟﺍ) 1 - 4 (

ﺕﺍﺭﻳﺩﻘﺗ * . ﺭﺩﺻﻣﻟﺍ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﻻﺎﺑ ﺔﺛﺣﺎﺑﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻥﻣ : :

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/coronavirus-incubation-period/#ref-3

18 https://ourworldindata.org/mortality-risk-covid#the-case-fatality-rate. [En ligne] consulté le 25/06/2020.

19 https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/coronavirus-death-rate/#comparison.

20 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-incubation/coronavirus-incubation-could-be-as-long-as-27- days-chinese-provincial-government-says-idUSKCN20G06W.

21 Y. Bai et al, Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19, American Medical Association, Volume 323, Number 14, April 14, 2020. (

22 W.J Guan et al, op.cit.

0 5 10 15 20

ﻱﺮﻔﻴﻓ25 ﺱﺭﺎﻣ25 ﻞﻳﺮﻓﺃ25 ﻱﺎﻣ25 ﻥﺍﻮﺟ25

ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ (%)

ﻦﻴﺼﻟﺍ (%)

ﻮﻟﺍ ﻡ. ﺃ. (%)

ﺎﻴﻟﺎﻄﻳﺍ (%)

(7)

Journal d’Economie, de Management, d’Environnement et de Droit (JEMED) ISSN 2605

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺭﺛﺅﻳ ﻝﻫ 19-

ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﻡﺃ ،ﻥﺳﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺭﺎﻣﻋﻷﺍ ﻊﻳﻣﺟﺑ ﺱﺎﻧﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺻﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﺕﻧﺎﻛﻭ ؟ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺭﻁﺧﻟ ﻥﻭﺿﺭﻌﻣ ﺎﺿﻳﺃ ﻡﻫ ﺎﻧﺳ ﺭﻐﺻﻷﺍ ﺑﺭﻟﺎﻛ ﺎﻘﺑﺳﻣ ﺔﻳﺿﺭﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺳﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﻛ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺩﺑﻳ ﺎﻣﻛﻭ ،ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃﻭ ﻱﺭﻛﺳﻟﺍ ،ﻭ

ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻧﻁﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺟﻠﻟ ﺓﺭﻛﺑﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻳﺩﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺷﺃ )

(NHC ﻪﻧﺃ ﻲﻟﺍﻭﺣ 80 % ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ

ﻝﺛﻣ ﺎﻘﺑﺳﻣ ﺓﺩﻭﺟﻭﻣ ﺔﻳﺣﺻ ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻡﻬﻧﻣ :

ﺔﻳﻋﻭﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ

ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗﺑ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺻﻟﺍ 27

ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ 2020 ﻁﺳﻭﺗﻣ ﻥﺈﻓ ،

ﺔﻧﺳ . ﺎﻣﻛ ﻝﺛﻣﺗ 71 % ﺔﺋﻓ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻥﻣ

ﺏﻠﻏﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻯﻭﺩﻋ ﻥﻣ ﺭﻳﻁﺧ ﻉﻭﻧﺑ :

ﻱﻭﻠﻛ ﻝﺷﻓ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﻣﺯﻣ

ﻭﺃ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ

ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺍﺭﺟﻭ ﻡﺩﻟﺍ ﻁﻐﺿ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺎﻬﻳﻓ ﺎﻣﺑ ،ﺔﻳﻭﻣﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻋﻭﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ

؛

ﺔﻋﺎﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﺹﻘﻧ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻛﻭ ﻥﻣﺯﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺻﻘﻟﺍ

؛

Obésité morbide ou massive (

ﺔﻠﺗﻛ ﺭﺷﺅﻣ ﻱﺃ ،

19 ، ﻲﻓ 24 ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ 2020 ﻝﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻡﺗ

ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺯﻭﺎﺟﺗ ﺙﻳﺣ ،

ﻝﻭﺩ ﺭﺷﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺑ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ

ﻭﺭﻳﺑﻟﺍ

، ﻙﻳﺳﻛﻣﻟﺍ

، ﻲﻠﻳﺷﻟﺍ ، ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻳﻧﺎﺑﺳﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺗﺍﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﻧﺎﺑﺳﺍﻭ ﺎﻳﻟﺎﻁﻳﺍ 147836

ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗﺑ ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ 24

ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ .

35097 ﺓﺎﻓﻭ

.

ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﻰﻟﺇ 24

ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ 2020

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﻻﺎﺑ ﺔﺛﺣﺎﺑﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻥﻣ :

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus

23 Coronavirus: window of opportunity to act, World Health Organization says. BBC, Feb, 2020.

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia

24 World Health Organization,Novel Coronavirus (2019

25 https://www.topsante.com/outils/imc

26 https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?

ﺪﻨﻬﻟﺍ ; 1133571 ﺎﻴﺳﻭﺭ ; 800849

ﺎﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺍ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ;

408052 ﻭﺮﻴﺒﻟﺍ ; 371096

ﻚﻴﺴﻜﻤﻟﺍ ;

370712 338759 ;ﻲﻠﻴﺸﻟﺍ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻥﺳﻟﺍ ﺏﺳﺣ

ﻭ ﺱﻧﺟﻟﺍ

ﺔﺣﻭﺭﻁﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺷﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺋﺳﻷﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

: ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺭﺛﺅﻳ ﻝﻫ

ﺭﺎﻣﻋﻷﺍ ﻊﻳﻣﺟﺑ ﺱﺎﻧﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺻﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﺕﻧﺎﻛﻭ ؟ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺭﻁﺧﻟ ﻥﻭﺿﺭﻌﻣ ﺎﺿﻳﺃ ﻡﻫ ﺎﻧﺳ ﺭﻐﺻﻷﺍ ﺑﺭﻟﺎﻛ ﺎﻘﺑﺳﻣ ﺔﻳﺿﺭﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺳﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﻛ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺩﺑﻳ ﺎﻣﻛﻭ ،ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺭﻁﺧﻟ ﺔﺿﺭﻋ ﺭﺛﻛﺃ ﻡﻫ .

ﺔﻳﻧﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻧﻁﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺟﻠﻟ ﺓﺭﻛﺑﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻳﺩﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺷﺃ

60 ﺔﻧﺳ ( ، 75 % ﻝﺛﻣ ﺎﻘﺑﺳﻣ ﺓﺩﻭﺟﻭﻣ ﺔﻳﺣﺻ ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻡﻬﻧﻣ

ﺭﻳﺭﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺏﺳﺣ ﻡﻗﺭ

07 ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗﺑ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻅﻧﻣ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺻﻟﺍ

ﻭﻫ ﻥﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻠﻟ ﺭﻣﻌﻟﺍ 45

ﻥﻣ ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺗﺗﻭ ﺔﻧﺳ 2

ﻰﻟﺇ 74 ﺔﻧﺳ

ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺎ ﺭﻁﺧﻟ ﺔﺿﺭﻋ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ

ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻓ ﻯﻭﺩﻋ ﻥﻣ ﺭﻳﻁﺧ ﻉﻭﻧﺑ

ﻡﻫﺭﻣﻋ ﻎﻠﺑﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ 70

ﺭﺛﻛﺄﻓ ﺔﻧﺳ ﻭ

ﻱﻭﻠﻛ ﻝﺷﻓ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ

ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺍﺭﺟﻭ ﻡﺩﻟﺍ ﻁﻐﺿ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺎﻬﻳﻓ ﺎﻣﺑ ،ﺔﻳﻭﻣﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻋﻭﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻣﺃ ﻥﻣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ

ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻛﺳﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣ ﺔﻋﺎﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﺹﻘﻧ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻛﻭ ﻥﻣﺯﻣﻟﺍ ﻲﺳﻔﻧﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺻﻘﻟﺍ

؛ﺙﻟﺎﺛﻟﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻳﺍﺩﺑ ﻝﻣﺍﻭﺣﻟﺍ ءﺎﺳﻧﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﻣﺳﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ ﺔﻁﺭﻔﻣﻟﺍ

) Obésité morbide ou massive

ﻡﺳﺟﻟﺍ ) (IMC ﻥﻣ ﺭﺑﻛﺃ 40

ﻡﺍﺭﻏﻭﻠﻳﻛ /

2ﻡ

25.

19 ﻲﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻗﻭﺑﺳﻣ ﺭﻳﻏ ﺔﻳﺣﺻ ﺔﻣﺯﺃ ﻪﺟﺍﻭﻳ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻬﺷﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺫﻧﻣ 19-

ﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻣ ﺓﺩﻛﺅﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻟﺎ

ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔ ﺎﻬﻧﻣ ،ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺑﻋ 639159

ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ

ﻭ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ 147836 ﺓﺎﻓﻭ

26. ﻡﻫﺅﺎﻣﺳﺃ ﺔﻳﺗﻵﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺗﺣﺍ ﺎﻣﻛ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺭﺷﻌﻟﺍ

ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ :

،ﺎﻳﺳﻭﺭ ،ﺩﻧﻬﻟﺍ ،ﻝﺑﺯﺍﺭﺑﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﻘﻳﺭﻓﺍ ﺏﻭﻧﺟ

، ﻭﺭﻳﺑﻟﺍ

ﻝﻛﺷﻠﻟ ﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ﻡﻗﺭ

) 02 ( .

ﺕﺭﺩﺻﺗ ﺎﻣﺩﻌﺑﻓ ،ﺓﺎﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟ ﺔﺑﺳﻧﻟﺎﺑ ﻥﻛﻟ ،ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺗﺍﺭﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﻧﺎﺑﺳﺍﻭ ﺎﻳﻟﺎﻁﻳﺍ

ﺔﻣﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺻﺗﺗ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺣﺑﺻﺃ ،ﻱﺎﻣ ﺭﻬﺷ ﻝﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻡﺗ ﺙﻳﺣ

147836

ﻡﺛ ﺓﺎﻓﻭ ﺩﻧﻬﻟﺍ 31398 ﺓﺎﻓﻭ

. ﺕﻠﺟﺳ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺎﻳﻟﺎﻁﻳﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ 35097

ﻡﻗﺭ ﻝﻛﺷ 02

: ﺍﺭﺛﺄﺗ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺎﺑ

ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﻰﻟﺇ

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus?/

Coronavirus: window of opportunity to act, World Health Organization says. BBC, Feb, 2020.

asia-china-51368873

Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), January 27, 2020.

https://www.topsante.com/outils/imc. . [En ligne] consulté le 30/06/2020.

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?

ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ;

4203872

ﻞﻳﺯﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ; 2303661

ﻲﻠﻴﺸﻟﺍ 319501 ;ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺒﺳﺍ 297914 ;ﺓﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟﺍ

Journal d’Economie, de Management, d’Environnement et de Droit (JEMED)

138 2 2- ﻝﻳﻠﺣﺗ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺔﺣﻭﺭﻁﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺷﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺋﺳﻷﺍ ﻥﻣ

ﺭﺎﻣﻋﻷﺍ ﻊﻳﻣﺟﺑ ﺱﺎﻧﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺻﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻛﻣﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﺕﻧﺎﻛﻭ ؟ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺭﻁﺧﻟ ﻥﻭﺿﺭﻌﻣ ﺎﺿﻳﺃ ﻡﻫ ﺎﻧﺳ ﺭﻐﺻﻷﺍ ﺑﺭﻟﺎﻛ ﺎﻘﺑﺳﻣ ﺔﻳﺿﺭﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﺣ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺳﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﻛ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺩﺑﻳ ﺎﻣﻛﻭ ،ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺭﻁﺧﻟ ﺔﺿﺭﻋ ﺭﺛﻛﺃ ﻡﻫ

،ﺩﺩﺻﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ

ﻥﻳﺗﺳﻟﺍ ﻥﺳ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺍﻭﻓﻭﺗ )

60

ﺔﻳﻭﻣﺩﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﻛﺳﻟﺍﻭ

23. ﻭ ﺭﻳﺭﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺏﺳﺣ

ﻭﻫ ﻥﻳﺻﻟﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻠﻟ ﺭﻣﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺟﺭﻟﺍ

24. ﻓ ،ﻪﻳﻠﻋﻭ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺎ ﻡﻫﺭﻣﻋ ﻎﻠﺑﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ 

ﺩﺑﻛﻟﺍ

؛ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣﻟﺍ  ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻛﺳﻟﺍ ﻰﺿﺭﻣ 

؛ﺙﻟﺎﺛﻟﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛﻟﺍ ﻥﻣ ﺔﻳﺍﺩﺑ ﻝﻣﺍﻭﺣﻟﺍ ءﺎﺳﻧﻟﺍ  ﺔﻧﻣﺳﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻥﻳﺫﻟﺍ ﺹﺎﺧﺷﻷﺍ  ﻡﺳﺟﻟﺍ

2 3- ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻡﻳﻳﻘﺗ -

ﺩﻳﻓﻭﻛ ﺔﺣﺋﺎﺟ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻗﻭﺑﺳﻣ ﺭﻳﻏ ﺔﻳﺣﺻ ﺔﻣﺯﺃ ﻪﺟﺍﻭﻳ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻬﺷﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺫﻧﻣ

15795740 ﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻣ ﺓﺩﻛﺅﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ

ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ 4

ﻥﻳﻳﻼﻣ ﻭ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ

ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ . ﻝﻛﺷﻠﻟ ﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ﺕﺭﺩﺻﺗ ﺎﻣﺩﻌﺑﻓ ،ﺓﺎﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟ ﺔﺑﺳﻧﻟﺎﺑ ﻥﻛﻟ

ﺔﻣﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺻﺗﺗ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﺣﺑﺻﺃ ،ﻱﺎﻣ ﺭﻬﺷ ﻝﻳﺯﺍﺭﺑﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻳﻠﺗﻟ 84440

ﻡﺛ ﺓﺎﻓﻭ

Coronavirus: window of opportunity to act, World Health Organization says. BBC, Feb, 2020.

(8)

Journal d’Economie, de Management, d’Environnement et de Droit (JEMED) ISSN 2605

ﻙﺎﻧﻫ ﻝﺻﺍﻭﺗ ﻻ ﺱﻭﺭﻳﻔﺑ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭ

ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻫﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ ﻡﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ءﺍﻭﺳ ،ﺩﺟﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ .

ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻥﻣ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺕﺭﺛﺄﺗ ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ،ﺎﻫﺎﺣﺿﻭ ﺔﻳﺷﻋ ﻥﻳﺑ ﺩﻳﺍﺯﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻝﺍﺯﻳ ﻻ ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ 215

ﻥﻵﺍ ﻰﺗﺣ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ .

ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ 2020

-

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/worldwide

ﻝﻭﺩ ﺽﻌﺑﻭ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺯﻳﻣ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺭﺎﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﺗ ﺎﻣﻛ ﺎﻛﻳﺭﻣﺃ

ﺱﻛﻋ ﺎﻅﻭﺣﻠﻣ ﺎﻌﺟﺍﺭﺗ ﺔﻳﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺽﻌﺑ ﻑﺭﻌﺗ ﺎﻣﻳﻓ

ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻝﺟﺳﺗ ﺕﻟﺍﺯ ﺎﻣ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺭﺭﺿﺗ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺎﻓ ﺔﻳﻘﻳﺭﻓﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺹﺧﻳ ﺎﻣﻳﻓ ﺎﻣﺃ

ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ 2020

-

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/worldwide

ﻯﻭﻗﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺭﻟﺍ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ﺓﺭﻭﺳﻳﻣﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺣﻟﺍﻭ ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻁﻳﺳﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ

ﻡﻗﺭ ﻥﻳﻠﻛﺷﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ )

03 ( ﻭ ) 04 ( ﻲﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﻳﻌﺻﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻅﺣﻼﻧ ﻙﺎﻧﻫ

ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻫﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ ﻡﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ءﺍﻭﺳ ،ﺩﺟﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﻻﺇ ،ﻯﺭﺧﻷ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﺎﻬﻓﻼﺗﺧﺍﻭ ﻥﺃ

ﺕﺭﺛﺄﺗ ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ،ﺎﻫﺎﺣﺿﻭ ﺔﻳﺷﻋ ﻥﻳﺑ ﺩﻳﺍﺯﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻝﺍﺯﻳ ﻻ ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﻝﻛﺷ :03

ﺭﻭﻁﺗ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻠﻟ

ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ-

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/worldwide-graphs/#total

ﻝﻭﺩ ﺽﻌﺑﻭ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺯﻳﻣ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺭﺎﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﺗ ﺎﻣﻛ

ﺎﻳﺳﻭﺭﻭ ﺩﻧﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ،ﻭﺭﻳﺑﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﻳﺯﺍﺭﺑﻟﺎﻛ ﺔﻳﺑﻭﻧﺟﻟﺍ .

ﺱﻛﻋ ﺎﻅﻭﺣﻠﻣ ﺎﻌﺟﺍﺭﺗ ﺔﻳﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺽﻌﺑ ﻑﺭﻌﺗ ﺎﻣﻳﻓ

ﻱﺎﻣ ﺭﻬﺷ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻡﺗ ﺎﻣ .

ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻝﺟﺳﺗ ﺕﻟﺍﺯ ﺎﻣ ﻲﺗﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺭﺭﺿﺗ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺎﻓ ﺔﻳﻘﻳﺭﻓﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺹﺧﻳ ﺎﻣﻳﻓ ﺎﻣﺃ

،ﺭﺻﻣ ،ﺎﻳﻘﻳﺭﻓﺇ ﺏﻭﻧﺟ ﺭﺋﺍﺯﺟﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻧﺎﻏ ،ﺎﻳﺭﻳﺟﻳﻧ ،ﻥﺍﺩﻭﺳﻟﺍ

.

ﻡﻗﺭ ﻝﻛﺷ 04

: ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺭﻭﻁﺗ ﺓﺭﺗﻔﻠﻟ

ﺔﻳﻠﻳﻭﺟ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻲﻔﻧﺎﺟ-

ﺭﺩﺻﻣﻟﺍ : ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﻻﺎﺑ ﺔﺛﺣﺎﺑﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻥﻣ

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/worldwide-graphs/#total

ﺱﻔﻧ ﻲﻓ ﻖﻠﻘﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﻩﺎﺑﺗﻧﻼﻟ ﺕﻓﻼﻟﺍ ﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻯﻭﻗﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺭﻟﺍ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ﺓﺭﻭﺳﻳﻣﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ

ﻭ ،ﺍﺭﺭﺿﺗ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻭﻅﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﺑﺃ ﻡﺩﻋ

ﺩﺣﻟﺍﻭ ءﺎﺑﻭﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻁﻳﺳﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ

ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟﺍ ،ﺎﺳﻧﺭﻓ ،ﺎﻳﻟﺎﻁﻳﺍ ،ﺎﻳﺳﻭﺭ ،ﺎﻳﻧﺎﺑﺳﺍ ...

Journal d’Economie, de Management, d’Environnement et de Droit (JEMED)

139 ﻡﻗﺭ ﻥﻳﻠﻛﺷﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻥﻣ

ﺕﺎﻳﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻫﺩﻳﺩﺣﺗ ﻡﺗ ﻲﺗﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺣﻟﺍ ﺙﻳﺣ ﻥﻣ ءﺍﻭﺳ ،ﺩﺟﺗﺳﻣﻟﺍ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻭﻛ ﻻﺇ ،ﻯﺭﺧﻷ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻥﻣ ﺎﻬﻓﻼﺗﺧﺍﻭ

graphs/#total-cases ﻝﻭﺩ ﺽﻌﺑﻭ ﺔﻳﻛﻳﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭﻟﺍ ﺯﻳﻣ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻳﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻳﺭﺎﻘﺗﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﺗ ﺎﻣﻛ

ﺎﻳﺳﻭﺭﻭ ﺩﻧﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ،ﻭﺭﻳﺑﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﻳﺯﺍﺭﺑﻟﺎﻛ ﺔﻳﺑﻭﻧﺟﻟﺍ ﻱﺎﻣ ﺭﻬﺷ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻳﺟﺳﺗ ﻡﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺩﺟﻧ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ :

،ﺭﺻﻣ ،ﺎﻳﻘﻳﺭﻓﺇ ﺏﻭﻧﺟ

graphs/#total-cases ﺱﻔﻧ ﻲﻓ ﻖﻠﻘﻣﻟﺍﻭ ﻩﺎﺑﺗﻧﻼﻟ ﺕﻓﻼﻟﺍ ﺭﻣﻷﺍ ﻥﺇ

ﻭ ،ﺍﺭﺭﺿﺗ ﺭﺛﻛﻷﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻳﺣﺻﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻭﻅﻧﻣﻟﺍ ﻝﺛﻣ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺗﻧﺍ ﻥﻣ :

ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟﺍ ،ﺎﺳﻧﺭﻓ ،ﺎﻳﻟﺎﻁﻳﺍ ،ﺎﻳﺳﻭﺭ ،ﺎﻳﻧﺎﺑﺳﺍ