Edited by: Clara Pracana,
Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Portugal
Published in Lisbon, Portugal, by W.I.A.R.S. www.wiars.org
Copyright © 2015 World Institute for Advanced Research and Science
All rights are reserved. Permission is granted for personal and educational use only.
Commercial copying, hiring and lending is prohibited. The whole or part of this publication material cannot be reproduced, reprinted, translated, stored or transmitted, in any form or means, without the written permission of the publisher. The publisher and authors have taken care that the information and recommendations contained herein are
accurate and compatible with the generally accepted standards at the time of publication. The individual essays remain the intellectual properties of the contributors.
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Foreword v
Organizing and Scientific Committee vii
Sponsors Keynote Lecture
x xi
Special Talk xiii
Index of Contents xv
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Dear Participants,We are delighted to welcome you to the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2015, taking place in Ljubljana, Slovenia, from 2 to 4 of May.
Psychology, nowadays, offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, is aimed ultimately to benefit society.
This International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. The conference is a forum that connects and brings together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. There is an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development.
InPACT 2015 received 368 submissions, from 31 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. 112 submissions were accepted for presentation in the conference (30% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from Miguel Angel Gonzalez Torres, MD, PhD, working at the Department of Neuroscience in The University of the Basque Country (Spain), the Psychiatry Department in Basurto University Hospital (Bilbao, Spain), and Centro Psicoanalítico de Madrid, Spain, to whom we express our most gratitude.
This volume is composed by the proceedings of the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT 2015), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.) and co-sponsored by the respected partners we reference in the dedicated page. This conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program six main broad-ranging categories had been chosen, which also cover different interest areas:
• In CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Emotions and related psychological processes; Assessment; Psychotherapy and counseling; Addictive behaviors; Eating disorders; Personality disorders; Quality of life and mental health; Communication within relationships; Services of mental health; and Psychopathology.
• In EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: Language and cognitive processes; School environment and childhood disorders; Parenting and parenting related processes; Learning and technology; Psychology in schools; Intelligence and creativity; Motivation in classroom; Perspectives on teaching; Assessment and evaluation; and Individual differences in learning.
• In SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Cross-cultural dimensions of mental disorders; Employment issues and training; Organizational psychology; Psychology in politics and international issues; Social factors in adolescence and its development; Social anxiety and self-esteem; Immigration and social policy; Self-efficacy and identity development; Parenting and social support; and Addiction and stigmatization.
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processing; Learning skills and education; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer analogies and information processing (Artificial Intelligence and computer simulations); Social and cultural factors in the cognitive approach; Experimental methods, research and statistics; and Biopsychology. • In PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTICAL PSYCHOTERAPY: Psychoanalysis and
psychology; The unconscious; The Oedipus complex; Psychoanalysis of children; Pathological mourning; Addictive personalities; Borderline organizations; Narcissistic personalities; Anxiety and phobias; Psychosis.
The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters by sharing their different personal, academic and cultural experiences.
Authors will be invited to publish extended contributions for a book edited by Dr. Clara Pracana, to be published by inScience Press.
We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, sponsors and partners and, of course, to the organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together.
Hoping to continue the collaboration in the future. Dr. Clara Pracana
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Conference and Program Chair
Clara PracanaPortuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Portugal
International Scientific Committee
Abdulqawi Salim Alzubaidi • Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Acácia Santos • São Francisco University, Brazil
Adilia Silva • Independent Researcher/ Clinician, South Africa
Adriane Roso • Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - Ufsm, Brazil
Aleksander Veraksa • Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
Alessio Avenanti • Università di Bologna, Italy Ali Kemal Tekin • Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Alois Ghergut • University Alexandru Ioan Cuza from Iasi, Romania
André Francisco Pilon • University of São Paulo, Brazil
Andreja Bubic • University of Split, Croatia Andrew Day • Deakin University, Australia Angel Barrasa • Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
AnnaAlexandrova-Karamanova• Institute for Population and Human Studies - BAS, Bulgaria
Antonio Aiello • University of Pisa, Italy Assunta Marano • Themis Research Centre, Italy
Atmane Ikhlef • Qatar University, Qatar Aukse Endriulaitiene • Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania
Aurora Adina Colomeischi • Stefan cel Mare University, Romania
Ayse Aslan • Istanbul University, Turkey Ayse Karanci • Middle East Technical University, Turkey
Beata Kunat • University of Białystok, Poland
Bernard Sabbe • University of Antwerp, Belgium
Binnur Yesilyaprak • Ankara University, Turkey
Brij Mohan • Louisiana State University, USA Carla Guanaes • University of São Paulo, Brazil
Carmen Tabernero • University of Cordoba, Spain
Chris McVittie • Queen Margaret University, United Kingdom
Claire Metz • University of Strasbourg, France Clarissa M. Corradi-Webster • University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Claudio Sica • University of Firenze, Italy Claus Stobaus • Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil D. BruceCarter• SyracuseUniversity, USA David Aparisi • Universidad de Alicante, Spain Deborah Wooldridge • Bowling Green State University, USA
Diego Lasio • University of Cagliari, Italy Dinesh Chhabra • University of Delhi, India Dolores Galindo • Federal University of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Donatella Petretto • Università Degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy
Dweep Chand Singh • Aibhas, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Eda Kargi • East Mediterranean University, Cyprus
Edith Galy • Aix-MarseilleUniversity,France Edwiges Silvares • University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Eleni Petkari • Middlesex University Dubai,United Arab Emirates
Elias Kourkoutas • University of Crete, Greece Emel Kuruoglu • Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey
Emerson Rasera • Federal University of Uberlandia, Brazil
Eva Hofmann • University of Vienna, Austria Eugenia Mandal • University of Silesia, Poland EvaHofmann• Universityof Vienna,Austria Eva Sollarova • ConstantineThe Philosopher University, Slovakia
Ewa Mortberg • Stockholm University, Sweden
Fabio Madeddu • University of Milan, Bicocca, Italy
Florian Zepf • The University of Western Australia, Australia
Fotios Anagnostopoulos • Panteion University of Social & Political Sciences, Greece
Gandharva Joshi • Saurashtra University, India Gianina-Ana Masari • Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania
Gianluca Serafini • Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Gordana Jovanovic • University of Belgrade, Serbia
Greesh C. Sharma • Lower Bucks Institute of Behavior Modification, USA
Greta Defeyter • Northumbria University, United Kingdom
Grzegorz Pochwatko • Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Henry Grubb • University of Dubuque, USA Herbert Scheithauer • Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
Hossein Kareshki • Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Igor Menezes • Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
Isabella Corradini • Themis Research Centre, Italy
Ivandro Soares Monteiro • ORASI Institute, Portugal
Jakob Pietschnig • Middlesex University Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Janina Uszynska-Jarmoc • University of Bialystok, Poland
Joanne Dickson • University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
Jose L. Graupera-Sanz • University of Alcala, Spain
Kamlesh Singh • Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
Karen Goodall • Queen Margaret University, United Kingdom
Katherine Makarec • William Paterson University, USA
Kathleen Tait • Macquarie University, Australia
Laura Vilela E. Souza, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil
Lawrence T. Lam • Hong Kong Institute of Education, SAR, China
Liliana Silva • WIARS, Portugal
Lisa Best • University of New Brunswick, Canada
Lisa Woolfson • University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom
Loredana Lucarelli • Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy
Loreta Buksnyte-Marmiene • Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania
Lozena Ivanov • University of Zadar, Croatia Luciana Kind • Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Luisa Puddu • University of Florence, Italy Maher Abu Hilal • Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Marcello Nonnis • University of Cagliari, Italy Marcelo F. Costa • University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Mary Ivers • All Hallows College, IrelandMehmet Dombayci • Gazi University, Turkey Michael Wang • University of Leicester, United Kingdom
Michael Zeiler • Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Health Promotion Research, Austria
Michal Miovsky • Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mohammad Hakami • Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch, Iran
Nadia Mateeva • Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
Naved Iqbal • Jamia Millia Islamia, India Neala Ambrosi-Randic • Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Croatia
Nuria Carriedo • UNED, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain Olga Deyneka • St. Petersburg State University, Russia
Olga Orosova • Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia
Ortrun Reidick • O&P Consult GmbH, Germany
Otilia Clipa • Stefan cel Mare University, Romania
Ovidiu Gavrilovici • “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Romania
Paolo Valerio • Naples University Federico II, Italy
Paraic Scanlon • Birmingham City University, United Kingdom
Patrizia Meringolo • Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Italy
Philipp Mayring • University of Klagenfurt, Austria
Plamen Dimitrov • The Bulgarian Psychological Society, Bulgaria
Riccardo Russo • University of Essex, United Kingdom
Rivka Tuval-Mashiach • Bar-Ilan University, Israel
Ronald Hambleton • University of Massachusetts, USA
Rosalba Raffagnino • Florence University, Italy
Seda Sarac • Farkli Cocuklar, Center for Learning Disabilities, Turkey
Sema Karakelle • Istanbul University, Turkey Sarah Sinnamon • All Hallows College, Ireland
Sharo (Shahrokh) Shafaie • Southeast Missouri State University, USA
Shulamith Kreitler • Tel-Aviv University, Israel
Sibusiso D. Mhlongo • North West University, South Africa
Silvia Cimino • Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Suppiah Nachiappan • Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia
Susana Corral•Universityof Deusto, Spain Sylvia Kwok • City University of Hong Kong, China
Tali Heiman • The Open University of Israel, Israel
Timothy Melchert • Marquette University, USA
Valentina Di Mattei • Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Italy
Victor Martinelli • University of Malta, Malta Vittore Perruci • Università della Valle d'Aosta, Italy
Wendy Greenidge • University of South Florida, USA
Willem Koops • Utrecht University, Netherlands
Wouter Vanderplasschen • Ghent University, Belgium
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Sponsor: Co-sponsor:
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A THIRD WAY AHEAD FOR PSYCHOANALYSIS
Miguel Angel Gonzalez Torres
MD, PhD
Department of Neuroscience, The University of the Basque Country (Spain)
Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao (Spain)
Centro Psicoanalítico de Madrid (Spain)
Abstract
Today, there are two ways of conceiving psychoanalysis, a classical one focused on the search for truth within the internal world of the patient, and a contemporary one perceiving the patient–therapist relationship as the axis of exploration. Rorty’s criterion, which divides disciplines into either truth-based or solidarity-based, may be applied to this dichotomy. These conflicting positions come from two different historical periods: the Enlightenment and the contemporary world. They inhabit a sterile environment without theoretical discussion or comparison. Possibly, these elements of truth and solidarity, initially designed as complementary, integrative, and nonconflicting, can be found in the work of some psychoanalysts specifically in Otto Kernberg’s proposals. Kernberg makes a creative integration of object relations theory, especially in its Kleinian approach, and ego psychology. In addition, Kernberg’s consideration of affects as key elements of the human’s internal world reflects a third psychoanalytical “way,” exposing the centrality of relational experiences from the earliest stages of life, alongside constitutional drive forces that link us to our biological make-up and determine much of our inner world and behaviour.
Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Psycho-analytical Psychotherapy, Freud.
Brief Biography
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INTRAOPERATIVE PARALYSIS AND EXISTENTIAL FEAR OF DEATH:
IS THERE A LINK?
Michael Wang
1& Jackie Andrade
2 1University of Leicester (UK)
2
Plymouth University (UK)
Introdution
Patient reports of the psychological sequelae of accidental awareness under general anaesthesia (AAGA) are variable in severity and content. Nevertheless traumatised patients commonly describe intra-operative distress, post-operative flashbacks and nightmares around themes of existential death and burial (Wang, 2001). We set out to analyse systematically AAGA reports from the recent UK NAP5 project in terms of intra-operative experience and subsequent psychological sequelae.
Method
The UK Royal College of Anaesthetists and the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland audit project NAP5 (Pandit et al., 2014) collected reports of accidental awareness under general anaesthesia from the whole of the UK and Ireland over a one-year period from all hospital anaesthesia departments . These reports were carefully analysed by an expert panel of anaesthetists, psychologists (including Wang and Andrade) and a patient representative.
Results
NAP5 received 141 reports that were judged as valid by the expert panel. 93% of these were from patients in receipt of a muscle relaxant which is in contrast to a baseline anaesthesia activity survey (Cook et al., 2014) that identified neuro muscular blockade in only 46% of general anaesthetics in the UK and Ireland. Moreover, at least half of these patients experienced intraoperative distress and for the majority of these (67%), distress was caused by neuromuscular blockade and dyspnoea (and not so much by pain).
Some patients feared they were about to die and two patients thought they were already dead as a direct result of the unanticipated experience of intraoperative paralysis. Most (79%) of those with intraoperative distress developed post-operative psychological sequelae such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.
Discussion
Fear of death is the most pervasive specific anxiety in children aged 7 to 10 (Slaughter & Griffiths, 2007). Pre-school children commonly report believing that dead relatives and pets “now live underground” perhaps in cemeteries. Nightmare content and themes reported by traumatised awareness patients with explicit recall often involve being buried alive. This raises the possibility that experience of intra-operative paralysis reawakens primitive childhood fears of death involving some form of disembodied consciousness. There was evidence in the NAP5 reports that having some prior knowledge of muscle relaxants and their effects was protective against psychological sequelae.
References
Cook, T., Sury, M., Palmer, J., & Pandit, J. J. (2014). The state of UK anaesthesia: a survey of NHS activity in 2013. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 113, 575-584.
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS
Clinical Psychology
New domains of health capability of family caregivers: An exploratory study using the grounded theory
Barbara Bucki, Elisabeth Spitz, & Michèle Baumann
3
Integrative accompaniments for subjects with disabling mental disorders: A neo-evolutionary design of the psychosocial rehabilitation
Christophe Clesse, Isabelle Dumand, Michel Decker, Christine Savini, & Joelle Lighezzolo-Alnot
8
Loneliness and isolation after brain injury: Factors impacting survivor and caregiver’s quality of life after injury
Cecile Proctor & Lisa A. Best
13
Infantilization, civilization, and child abuse Willem Koops
18
Associated factors of social anxiety: Metacognition and coping strategies
Başak Bahtiyar & Tülin Gençöz 22
The influence of dance on the emotional intelligence of adolescents Suzie Savvidou & Konstantina Lambropoulou
26
The consequences of miscarriage or losing a child: The conclusions from the interviews with women
Maria Hornowska-Stoch
31
Cognitive and adaptive assessments of premature infants at 18 months: The importance of parental reports
Melanie A. Chan, Suan Peen Foo & Evelyn Law
36
Randomized controlled trial of habit reversal training for treatment of hair pulling in youth
Omar Rahman, Eric A. Storch, Amanda Collier, & Adam Lewin
39
Neurofeedback: From research to clinical practice Osnat Rubin
42
The relation between parental criticism, stress and competence, and quality of parent-child interaction
Shulamit Pinchover & Cory Shulman
46
Predictors of life satisfaction: The role of personality, attachment, social connectedness, and loneliness
Lilly E. Both & Lisa A. Best
48
Preventing depression – Introduction to the depression prevention programme in Małopolska region
Agnieszka Fusińska-Korpik & Krzysztof Walczewski
53
Psychopathology: The cognitive orientation approach Shulamith Kreitler
58
Contemporary modes of subjectivation: The issue of aesthetical horizons Gilberto Safra
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Kuntay ArcanAddiction recovery that works: Clinically proven whole health treatment for substance abusers and other addicts
Constance Scharff
72
Comparative study of psychological well-being and posttraumatic growth indicators in IDP and non-IDP citizens of Georgia
Lili Khechuashvili & Salome Tsilosani
78
Maternal negative affect and infant sleep: Investigating bidirectional relationships using structural equation modelling
Hannah Fiedler, Delyse Hutchinson, & Ron Rapee
83
MCMI-III identified “pathologically disabling” profiles on MMPI-2 with “severe personality disorders” in chronic pain patients
Abraham A. Argun
88
Educational Psychology
The academic performance of third and fourth year college students of World Citi Colleges with absentee parents
Elenita M. Tiamzon, Mª Cristina J. Estioco, Jaime R. Buniao, Mª Isidora B. Dayanghirang, Karren L. Fortes, & Mª Doris P. Puzon
92
Developing creative and meaning potential in EFL writing through problem-based instruction
Tat Heung Choi
97
School bullying from the Russian teachers’ point of view Alexandra Bochaver, Kirill Khlomov, & Alisa Zhilinskaya
102
CSCL in non-technological environments: Evaluation of a Wiki system with integrated self- and peer assessment
Gudrun Wesiak, Margit Höfler, Mohammad AL-Smadi, & Christian Gütl
107
Social Psychology
Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) on complex, major projects: Some facilitation techniques
David R. Stevens
112
The role of leadership ideology in bringing about socioeconomic inequality: The case of Israeli Kibbutz communities
Uriel Leviatan
114
PRISMA-RA: A set of tools for work related stress risk assessment Isabella Corradini, Assunta Marano, & Enrico Nardelli
118
Experiencing authenticity at work: The moderating effect of personality on the relation between organizational climate and workplace authenticity
Godiva Kwan, Fanny Cheung, & Winton Au
123
Does supervisory support ease pains of emotional labor? – Moderating role of perceived supervisor’s emotional labor
Huan Zhang & Darius K.-S. Chan
126
Description of mental representations of attachment among teachers with and without victimization experiences
Kristi Kõiv
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Dynamic career attitudes among master students: Social disparities in employment capabilities
Senad Karavdic & Michèle Baumann
140
Influence of the personal potential on adaptation of young lawyers starting their professional activities
Liubov Kotlyarova
145
Dance movement therapy and stress in adolescents Mrignaini Goel
148
Social features of dynamics of moral orientation development in adolescence and youth Sergey Molchanov
152
Attitudes toward corruption: Two comparative studies Olga Deyneka
156
Analysis of the motivation and work climate of university teaching staff Rosa María González-Tirados
161
Legal Psychology
Domestic crimes of violence: Psychological-criminalistic analysis Anastasia Kolesova & Liubov Kotlyarova
162
The evidence-based outcome effectiveness of peer counselling and cognitive-behavioral therapy group intervention for aggressive school children
Annis Lai Chu Fung
166
Identifying high-risk sexual offenders with phallometric testing Richard J. Howes
170
Cognitive and Experimental Psychology
Risk factors involved in the urban child pedestrians navigation: A meta-analysis Jordan Solt & Jérôme Dinet
175
The risk of pedestrian injury in collisions with vehicle: An eye-tracking investigation Jordan Solt & Jérôme Dinet
180
Decision-making among people with intellectual disability – From theory to practice
Agnieszka Fusińska-Korpik 184
Is digit ratio (2D:4D) related to cognitive-ability and educational variables? Answers from a comprehensive meta-analysis
Martin Voracek, Stefan Stieger, & Ulrich S. Tran
189
Cognition and bilingualism: Working memory and executive control operations in Greek-Albanian bilinguals
Zoe Bablekou, Elisavet Chrysochoou, Smaragda Kazi, & Elvira Masoura
190
Comparison of the classification ratios of depression scales used in Turkey
Gaye Saltukoğlu & Arkun Tatar 191
Motorcycle awareness: A hazard perception experiment Laila Horan, Patricia Roberts, & Isabella McMurray
196
The usefulness of phantom latent variables in predicting the changing in the effects among structural relations
Marco Vassallo
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Valerio Biscione & Christopher M. HarrisSubjective speed perception among motor vehicle drivers (overestimation and underestimation of driving speed - group comparison)
Lucia Tvarozkova & Stanislav Michalsky
210
The negative attitudes towards androids: Beyond the “uncanny valley” and psychological alternatives
Jérôme Dinet, Eval Spaeter, & Alexandre Sakorafas
215
Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy
A consistency between projective and neuropsychological tests: Contributions for a neuropsychoanalytic approach of psychosis
Christophe Clesse, Isabelle Dumand, Joelle Lighezzolo-Alnot, Michel Decker, Cécile Prudent, & Claude De Tychey
220
The ontological nature of the oceanic feeling through the life of Ramakrishna Paulo H. C. Dias & Gilberto Safra
225
Embodied memory: The effects of somatic markers manipulation on memory reconsolidation and its clinical implications
Florian Chmetz, Mathieu Arminjon, Delphine Preissmann, A. Duraku, Pierre Magistretti & François Ansermet
230
POSTERS
Clinical Psychology
Drug consumption among future healthcare professionals
M. Eugènia Gras, Sílvia Font-Mayolas, Mark J. M. Sullman, & Montserrat Planes
237
Patterns of polydrug use among future healthcare professionals
Sílvia Font-Mayolas, M. Eugènia Gras, Montserrat Planes, & Mark J. M. Sullman
240
Endometriosis: Live with the pain... all the time
Sofia Nascimento, Fátima Simões, Carlos Silva, & Paulo Rodrigues
243
Life satisfaction, five-years after a coronary angiography, between physical exercise and socio-economic inequalities
Michèle Baumann, Etienne Le Bihan, Nathalie Lorentz, & Anastase Tchicaya
246
Factors linked to alcohol drinking of juveniles
Anna Janovská, Olga Orosová, Marianna Berinšterová, & Beáta Gajdošová 249 Development of the Comprehensive Health Check For Workers (CHCW) questionnaire
Akira Tsuda, Ayumi Fusejima, Hisayoshi Okamura, Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Yuko Odagiri, Teruichi Shimomitsu, Katsutaro Nagata, Hideyo Yamaguchi, & Tetsuro Yamamoto
252
Home as a personal space and a source of well-being: Horizons of description Alexandra Bochaver, Sofya Nartova-Bochaver, Natalia Dmitrieva, & Sofya Resnichenko
255
The mental health state of Japanese parents during living abroad: The case of Nairobi Japanese school
Eriko Suwa, Minoru Takahashi, & Hirofumi Tamai
258
Descriptive normative beliefs, prototypes and gender in alcohol use among Slovak university students
Monika Brutovská, Olga Orosová, & Lucia Majeská
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in premature infantsMelanie A. Chan, Suan Peen Foo, Evelyn C. N. Law, Wei Wen Li, & Shang Chee Chong The mental health of substance abusers and their family members in Hong Kong Sze-Chai Ching, Kwok-Hei Tang, Yuk-Ching Lee, & On-Na Li
267
Early social communication and play: The effect on adaptive and cognitive functioning in autistic children
Suan Peen Foo, Melanie A. Chan, Guiyue Zhang, & Evelyn Law
269
Repentance in dialogue: The development of the capacity for concern in Winnicott’s theory and Christians Metanoia
João Pedro Jávera & Gilberto Safra
272
Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among Czech adolescents
Helena Klimusová, & Iva Burešová 275
Personality characteristics of pathological gamblers
Franca Tani, Alessio Gori, Annalisa Ilari, Lucia Ponti, & Massimo Morisi
278
Cognitive bias distortions in pathological gamblers
Franca Tani, Lucia Ponti, Annalisa Ilari, Alessio Gori, & Massimo Morisi
281
Autism Spectrum Disorder from birth to diagnosis through parents’ eyes Mélanie Bolduc, Nathalie Poirier, & Nadia Abouzeid
284
Educational Psychology
Can parental monitoring and the unplugged drug use prevention program contribute to a change in alcohol consumption among Slovak adolescents?
Olga Orosová, Marianna Berinsterová, Beáta Gajdošová, & Anna Janovská
286
Transitioning to highschool: The perception of students with ASD as opposed to their peers
Ariane Leroux-Boudreault & Nathalie Poirier
289
The change of volunteer students and the users: Evaluations of volunteering program in elementary school in Japan
Kie Sugimoto, Sachiko Kurosawa, Eriko Suwa, Kosuke Aoyagi, Kaoru Hirakue, & Junko Hidaka
291
In defense of Homo Ludens and playful as a space for teaching-learning in higher education: The playful and creative possibility in teaching
Maria Vitoria Campos Mamede Maia & Maria Isabel Luna Simões Hallak
294
The ludic as strategy for propitiate the learning in EJA: infantilization or space for creation?
Maria Vitoria Campos Mamede Maia & Priscilla Frazão
297
Social Psychology
Proactive coping among organizational newcomers
Katarzyna Ślebarska 300
Undergraduate students’ life satisfaction between employability and career capabilities Senad Karavdic & Michèle Baumann
303
Communication skills and stress at workplace Koshi Makino
306
Resilience, accessibility of alcohol and alcohol refusal skills among adolescents
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Tomáš Sollár, Katarína Baňasová, & Eva SollárováValues and career motivation in the context of vocational identity
Katarína Baňasová, Tomáš Sollár, & Eva Sollárová 315
Social support plays a different role in sexual risk sexual behaviour: A longitudinal comparison of young adults from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania and Slovakia Ondrej Kalina, Andrea Lukacs, Vilma Kriaucioniene, Michal Miovsky, & Olga Orosová
318
Occupational mental health: Prevention and treatment in France and Sweden Jonathan Benelbaz
321
Subjective health problems in the context of personality characteristics and health-related behavior in Czech adolescents
Iva Burešová, Helena Klimusová, Martin Jelínek, & Jaroslava Dosedlová
324
Media competence and political perception in modern Russian society Karina Bakuleva & Tatyana Anisimova
327
Legal Psychology
Estimation of violence phenomenology in pupils of high school in educational system Galina Kozhukhar & Vladimir Kovrov
330
Psychological basis of female criminal behavior Gunel Aslanova
333
On the perception of stalking by women Isabella Corradini & Assunta Marano
336
Attachment and mentalization in context of school violence Szabolcs Urbán & Mónika Viszket Kissné
339
Cognitive and Experimental Psychology
“Normality” at a funeral in East Asia: Focusing on the need for uniqueness Yoriko Sano & Norihiro Kuroishi
342
“Normality” at a social comparison in East Asia: Focusing on individualism/collectivism Norihiro Kuroishi & Yoriko Sano
345
Luminance adjustment: Never fear again
Paulo Rodrigues, Carolina Clara, Fátima Simões, & Paulo Fiadeiro
348
The role of decision-making styles and selfregulation in mental health Jozef Bavolar & Olga Orosová
351
A new paradigm for investigating human decision strategy Valerio Biscione & Christopher M. Harris
354
Directionality effects in the comprehension of “if then” and “even if” sentences José Antonio Ruíz-Ballesteros & Sergio Moreno-Ríos
xxi
Clinical Psychology
Emotion dys/regulation and self-esteem
Luisa Puddu, Martina Fabbrizzi, & Rosalba Raffagnino
361
Sex differences in the perception of love and sex among Polish young adults Katarzyna Adamczyk & Monika Wysota
364
Sex differences in Polish university students’ mental health Katarzyna Adamczyk, Monika Wysota, & Emilia Soroko
367
“Salute Allo Specchio”: A complementary therapy for female cancer patients Valentina E. Di Mattei, Letizia Carnelli, Elena Pagani Bagliacca, Paola Zucchi, Luca Lavezzari, & Fabio Madeddu
371
How do home environments contribute to the mental health: Case of Russian adolescents Sofya Nartova-Bochaver, Natalya Dmitrieva, Sofya Reznichenko, & Aleksandra Bochaver
374
Psychological distress and coping strategies among women who undergo cancer genetic testing
Valentina E. Di Mattei, Paola Zucchi, Elena Duchini, Rossella Di Pierro, & Fabio Madeddu
379
Psychological aspects of motherhood after cancer Joanna Matuszczak-Swigon & Katarzyna Pyrgiel
382
The body self and Anorexia Readiness syndrome Katarzyna Pyrgiel & Joanna Matuszczak-Swigon
387
Educational Psychology
Constructive and apparent non-conformists in school Ryszarda Ewa Bernacka
392
How do future teachers handle feedback regarding their teaching skills? Kristin Behnke
397
Before and after inspection: Attitudes of headmasters towards external evaluations Kristin Behnke
401
Social Psychology
Do sovereign people communicate more efficiently? Sofya Nartova-Bochaver
406
Legal Psychology
The experiences of survivors of human trafficking in Australia and Singapore Wesley Tan & Doris McIlwain
xxii
Self disclosure in psychotherapy: Business or personal? Wouter Stassen419
Comprehensive behavioral treatment for body focused repetitive behaviors Omar Rahman & Adam Lewin
421
Meaning – Its nature and assessment Shulamith Kreitler
424
3
NEW DOMAINS OF HEALTH CAPABILITY OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS:
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING THE GROUNDED THEORY
Barbara Bucki
1,i, Elisabeth Spitz
2, & Michèle Baumann
11Institute Health and Behaviour, research unit INSIDE, University of Luxembourg (Luxembourg) 2
EA 4360 APEMAC, Université Paris Descartes, Université de Lorraine, Metz (France)
Abstract
Background: Increased life expectancy, a declining economic growth, and the management of chronic diseases call for intergenerational solidarity but undermine the physical and psychological health of family caregivers. Their health capability has already been studied through eight domains: physical and psychological functioning, lifestyle value, self-efficacy towards health services, family support, social capital, socio-economic conditions and access to health services. Our aim was to identify new domains. Methods: A grounded theory method was applied. Family caregivers of stroke victims living at home were recruited in the Lorraine region (France; n=8) and Luxembourg (n=6). Semi-structured interviews were led face-to-face about their health status, how they currently take care of their health, and what internal resources they need to achieve optimal health. Verbatims were open-coded and grouped to form new domains of health capability. Items reflecting the main idea of the categories were formulated. Throughout the analyses, a control process was applied. Items were validated by consensus with an expert group. Results: Seven women and seven men (age 63.6±10.1) participated. Seven new domains emerged: health knowledge, health self-efficacy, health value, life skills, health decision-making, motivation, and attitude towards the future. 76 items were generated: 51 reflected generic abilities while 26 were specific to family caregiving. Discussion: Content analysis of these domains is highly instructive. First, it allows guiding the preparation of innovative supports to promote health capability, and second, this list can serve as a basis to elaborate a guide to which clinicians can refer to orient family caregivers according to their needs.
Keywords: health capability, family caregiving, stroke, qualitative approach, grounded theory.
1. Introduction
Demographic changes (increased life expectancy), a declining economic growth (increasing social inequalities), and the current way of managing chronic diseases call for intergenerational solidarity but meanwhile, it undermines the health of family caregivers. Indeed, compared to non-caregivers, family caregivers have a higher risk of developing problems with their physical health (Vitaliano, Zhang, & Scanlan, 2003) and to suffer from stress and depression (Pinquart & Sörensen, 2003).
Health capability defines the capacity to achieve one’s optimal health (Ruger, 2010b). Adapted from the capability approach (Nussbaum, 2011; Sen, 1992), the health capability paradigm aims to conceptualize a right to health. It is the duty of the society to, on the one hand, create environments which are favorable for the health of the individuals and, on the other hand, to develop personal health-related skills. In this framework, a capable person is able to make informed health choices. Health capability requires a set of capabilities such as having sufficient health-related knowledge, a health-oriented attitude, having social networks to help in the everyday life, or living in a safe environment, and in a country where health care systems are enabling (Ruger, 2010a). Understanding the capacities required to develop health capability is an undeniable interest for the well-being of family caregivers who daily support a relative with chronic disease (Bucki, 2014a).
Based on the correspondences between this paradigm and the content of a national survey led with family caregivers in Luxembourg, eight domains of health capability have previously been studied (Bucki, 2014b): physical health, psychological functioning, lifestyle value, self-efficacy towards health services, family support, social capital, socio-economic conditions and access to health services. A deeper
i
4
knowledge is needed to understand what intrinsically contributes and impedes the health capability of family caregivers. The grounded theory approach helps construct models which gather a theoretical paradigm and the points of view of the concerned persons in a new construct.
The aim of our exploratory study was to identify, using a grounded theory approach, new domains which complement the preliminary 8-domain model of health capability of family caregivers.
2. Methods
2.1. Study design, sample and recruitment
After the aim of the survey has been explained to them, family caregivers were invited to participate to a face-to-face interview at their home:
In the Lorraine region (France) – All the family caregivers aged 45-80 years and caring for a stroke victim living at home since at least one year were contacted by two local associations: France AVC Lorraine and the Ecole des Parents et Educateurs de Moselle.
In Luxembourg - Family caregivers who participated, four years before, to a national survey about living two years after a stroke were contacted again. A preliminary verification of deaths having occurred among stroke patients and family caregivers has been made in the Luxembourgish death registry.
2.2. Procedure
Informed consent was obtained from family caregivers willing to participate. Semi-structured interviews were led between February and May 2013 at the home of the participants about their health status, how they currently take care of their health (including what helps/impedes a better agency), and what internal resources they would need to achieve their optimal health. Three different persons trained at qualitative methods led the interviews, so that the bias related to the interviewer’s sensitivity was avoided.
2.3. Data analysis
Interviews were recorded and transcribed. The transcripts were analyzed using NVivo 8 in accordance with the grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 2009).
In a first analysis, verbatims from the transcripts were open-coded and grouped to form categories of health capability. When possible, statements have been classified within the internal dimensions originally formulated in the paradigm. When a statement seemed not to belong to the initial classification of Ruger, a new category was created. In addition, when Ruger’s generic classification did not seem to best reflect the diversity of family caregivers’ perceptions and experiences, changes have been made. This method allowed developing a stepwise theoretical interpretation grounded in data collected from the participants.
A second analysis was used to refine and adjust the results. According to the criteria of quality of qualitative research, the reliability of the results is partly based on the result comparison between several researchers (Mays & Pope, 1995). Thus, throughout the analyses, a control process was applied where items were validated by consensus with an expert group. Theoretical sampling and reflexivity were used as the central validation procedures in the development of the conceptualization.
3. Results
3.1. Description of the participants
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Table 1. Characteristics of the participating family caregivers.
Country Sex Age Relationship Working Time since stroke Last position A.01 Fr F 64 Spouse No 3 years, 6 months Schoolteacher
A.02 Fr F 61 Spouse No 8 years Housewife
A.03 Fr M 66 Spouse No 8 years, 4 months Laboratory technician A.04 Fr F 80 Mother No 4 years, 9 months Typist
A.05 Fr M 79 Partner No 2 years, 4 months Director
A.06 Fr F 65 Spouse No 9 years Officer at the Post A.07 Fr M 67 Spouse No 15 years Paper delivery person A.08 Fr M 48 Spouse Yes 6 years, 2 months Foreman
A.09 Lux F 64 Daughter No 7 years, 8 months Secretary A.10 Lux M 45 Spouse Yes 7 years, 1 months Teacher A.11 Lux F 70 Spouse No 7 years, 9 months Accountant A.12 Lux M 64 Spouse No 7 years, 4 months Mechanic A.13 Lux F 51 Spouse Yes 7 years, 6 months Sales assistant A.14 Lux M 66 Spouse No 7 years, 3 months Airline pilot
3.2. Description of the content of the new domains of health capability
Seven new domains of health capability have emerged: health knowledge, health self-efficacy, health value, life skills, health decision-making, motivation, and attitude towards the future. Of the 76 generated items, 51 reflect generic ability and 26 are specific to family caregiving. The following section details the content of each new domain and illustrates the created sub-categories by selected verbatims.
3.2.1. Health knowledge.
Three themes related to health knowledge emerged. The first regrouped the causal relationships between behaviors or lifestyle and health. While several caregivers declared e.g. “You cannot really influence your health, either you have it, or you do not” (A.06), others cited a varied range of physical, recreational activities and nutritional behaviours that help maintain their health. Second, the causal attribution of symptoms like pain, sleeping problems and fatigue was mentioned by all the participants. Discourses ranged from “I don’t really know where my pain comes from” (A.08) to “anyway I am sometimes a little more tired than normal because [...] I must do eight hours” (A.05), reflecting that some symptoms directly derive from being a caregiver. Third, the knowledge about the means to acquire health-related information and knowledge were described, comprising the TV, journals or even the Internet.3.2.2. Self-efficacy and health-related skills.
Self-efficacy has been mentioned as a factor of achieving an optimal health status: “what’s important is that I feel capable of having in better health” (A.10). Other skills comprise the implementation of healthy behaviours “now I pay attention to what I eat, I am a very good cook” (A.05), adapting installations in the house in order to be relieved, and the ability to adopt protecting behaviours: “By car, I was a little… I loved to drive very fast, very... I calmed down [...] telling me I have no right to accident” (A.01).3.2.3. Health value.
The value of health emerged as an essential part of health capability in two ways. The first was general, as mentioned by A.01: “I attach great value to health” or conversely by A.04: “I am not concerned about my health”. Second, according to some participants, the value placed on health was directly influenced by becoming a caregiver. Either health became more important: “now I have to take care of her so I am more careful” (A.03), either less of a priority: “I should now go to the physio for a problem of sciatica etc. As my husband goes to the hospital every morning, I realise that it passes after” (A.01).6
the caregivers as facilitating: “He knows that on Thursday mornings, don’t ask me anything!” (A.01) and is also well illustrated by the following statement from A.06: “it was already a habit not to show that I am sick unless I’m lying on the ground”. Finally, three coping strategies have been mentioned in the attempt of coping with the situation: denial, as shown by the following statement “It's been more than ten years or fifteen years, anyway I always ignored that and that's all, it does not exist” (A.05). Others related about an acceptance of the situation as “I say to myself, it is like that, some will experience it earlier, some later, it is like that” although A.07 stated the contrary: “I have never accepted my wife’s disease”. Finally, some caregivers tried to relativize by reinterpreting their situation positively: “it is not something that has been proposed to us and we think it could have been worse” (A.06) or “other relatives have more important health problems” (A.13).
3.2.5. Health decision-making.
This domain regroups the aptitude to identify health problems and to pursue an efficient prevention or treatment. This pattern has been especially evocated about consulting a doctor: “I go to see my doctor every three months” (A.04; A.05) or on the contrary: “I go to see my doctor when it goes wrong. I don’t go for preventive” (A.13). Other contexts of decision-making were cited, as the prevention of back pain (“I have serious back problems so I try to go slowly. Gardening, not more than one hour at a time”; A.06), trying to eat better (“I eat less, I hardly drink anything”; A.10), taking medicines in prevention (“if I stay here, I don’t necessarily take my painkiller but if I go to my daughter for example twice a week, I always take it before leaving”; A.04), and deciding to make activities outside the caregiving role. These activities mainly consist of walks, physical activities and yoga, but it can sometimes also consist of activities like: “At the moment, I avoid a little bit [about visiting her mother] because [...] I want to protect myself” (A.02).3.2.6. Motivation.
Two types of motivation emerged from the analyses: the motivation to maintain health and the motivation to be a caregiver. The types of motivations to maintain health were diverse: material reasons (“I earn the most money so it is not very romantic, it is, if only for money, very important that I am in very good health”; A.05), extrinsic motivation (“my daughters, they say ‘don’t force mom, stop, we need you to stay healthy’”; A.06) or the responsibility of being a caregiver (“in those moments, his presence allows me not letting go. Because I have to react for me and for him”; A.06). Some caregivers were motivated by the desire to be here for their grandchildren: “I want to see my grandchildren grow up [...] to often see them, play with them, all that, it motivates me and it gives me strength” (A.06) and others were just intrinsically motivated “it has to be your own choice. It’s like you don’t stop smoking because somebody tells you to. You stop smoking because you want it yourself” (A.14).The motivation to be a caregiver was particularly present among French participants with statements like “I was advised not to visit him every day, but if I don’t I just feel guilty” (A.02). The reasons to care ranged from internal reasons like the “need to see” (A.02) the relative or love “This is all about love. I think if I did not care about my wife, I would have gone” (A.07) to a perception of the duty to care “I'm not separated from my wife because I got engaged, I must hold on” (A.07).
3.2.7. Attitude towards the future.
Two types of attitudes towards the future were expressed: perspectives about health, and perspectives about the personal life. Health perspectives were, on the one hand, optimistic. Some caregivers said they felt "positive" (A.06) or, as A.10 about reaching his optimal health, “I think it is still feasible and I'm sure next year will be close”. On the other hand, some caregivers felt concerned about the recurrence of a disease that had already occurred in the past, such as depression or cancer.Regarding the perspectives about their personal life, some caregivers explained they make efforts to think about the present rather than worrying about the future “I decided that I won’t ever worry about our old days” (A.01). Whether optimistic or pessimistic about their future life, some caregivers feel that the most important for the future would be that the situation stabilizes: “that’s all I’m asking for, that it won’t get worse” (A.06). Anxiety is present for some respondents, as A.09 who said “Now it's over, I have enough, hopefully a new tile won’t fall on my head [...] an anguish of the future”. Finally, some envision the future with projects, but this view is tempered by the constraints associated with the state of the stroke person such as habits to take, lack of time: “we have projects, but what we need is time” (A.10).
4. Discussion
decision-7
making, motivation, and attitude towards the future. Together, the completed model contains 15 domains which take in account psychological as well as social and environmental aspects of the health capability of family caregivers.
Our results show the necessity to implement interventions to help family caregivers developing certain aspects of their health capability. For example, developing their knowledge about the causal relationships between the lifestyle or behaviours and health status can influence their decision-making process. The relationships between the different domains of health capability are to be determined.
For this purpose, the next challenge is to operationalize the model of health capability of family caregivers as a questionnaire. The preliminary eight-domain model has already been operationalized by 20 items (HCFC-8 domains) with satisfactory psychometric properties (Bucki, 2014b). The next step will consist of completing the validation of the questionnaire with the items generated by the verbatims stemming from the present study. To date, 76 potentially additional items have been selected (Bucki, 2014b). Among them 51 reflect generic capacities such as the ability to cope with personal situations, health perspectives, knowledge about causal effects between behaviour/lifestyle and health, and motivation to maintain one’s health; and 26 refer to aspects directly related to the caregiving condition such as the motivation to care and the ability to seek help to be relieved from the caregiving tasks. Since our sample size was limited and did not reach idea saturation, a second wave of interviews will be led in order to complete and adjust the content of the list. In order to strengthen the conceptualization of health capability of family caregivers, it would be beneficial that this study is made by other research teams from other countries. After a rigorous procedure of item reduction (Goetz et al., 2013), our work will lead to the construction of the first questionnaire assessing health capability of family caregivers.
This questionnaire will have several topical utilities. First, it will guide the preparation of innovative supports to promote health capability, and can also serve as a basis to elaborate a guide to which clinicians can refer to orient family caregivers according to their needs of health capability. Finally, it can be use among other indicators to assess the efficacy of complex health interventions.
References
Bucki, B. (2014a). Health Capability: an Attempt to Clarify an Alternative Approach for Health Sociology. Scientific Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University. New Series. Sociology and Social Work Section, 7(1), 19–31.
Bucki, B. (2014b, January 30). Health capability of family caregivers: Analyses of the paradigm and means of operationalization. University of Lorraine and university of Luxembourg, Metz, France. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2009). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative
research. Transaction Publishers.
Goetz, C., Coste, J., Lemetayer, F., Rat, A.-C., Montel, S., …, Spitz, E., & Guillemin, F. (2013). Item reduction based on rigorous methodological guidelines is necessary to maintain validity when shortening composite measurement scales. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 66(7), 710–718. Mays, N., & Pope, C. (1995). Rigour and qualitative research. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 311(6997),
109.
Nussbaum, M. C. (2011). Creating capabilities. Harvard University Press.
Pinquart, M., & Sörensen, S. (2003). Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: a meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 18(2), 250–267.
Ruger, J. P. (2010a). Health and social justice. Oxford University Press, USA.
Ruger, J. P. (2010b). Health capability: conceptualization and operationalization. American Journal of Public Health, 100(1), 41–49.
Sen, A. (1992). Inequality reexamined. Clarendon Press.
8
INTEGRATIVE ACCOMPANIMENTS FOR SUBJECTS WITH DISABLING
MENTAL DISORDERS: A NEO-EVOLUTIONARY DESIGN OF THE
PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION
Christophe Clesse
1,2, Isabelle Dumand
1, Michel Decker
1,
Christine Savini
1, & Joelle Lighezzolo-Alnot
21
Jury-les-Metz Specialized Hospital, Metz (France) 2INTERPSY Laboratory, Université of Lorraine, Nancy (France)
Abstract
In France, for fifteen years, research shown that the contribution of neuropsychology is a major asset when it's devoted to the accompaniment of unadapted people or, to the subjects who present a reduced autonomy. Indeed, these developments have helped to differentiate the cognitive disorders from the psychic disorders and their respective inter-incidence on the adaptation of the user to its living environment. All these theoretical advances helped the community psychiatry in the conceptualization of the accompaniment especially in the field of psychosocial rehabilitation. On this point, we believe that the formalization of an efficient support in psychosocial rehabilitation should build on the new elements of research without refute the heritage that we obtained from the history of clinical psychiatry as the psychoanalysis. To do this, we acted on the following neo-evolutionary fact : in an unadapted situation the humans must find an environment that is suited to their difficulties or, they have to gradually adapt in order to maintain his somatopsychic balance. Referring to this neo-evolutionary approach of the environement adaptation, it now seems essential to simultaneously find both aspects in psychic accompaniment. Consequently, we argue that the accompanying should think about mediatize in a same time a dynamic of compensation (adapting the environment to the subject) and a reconstruction dynamic (adapting the subject to the environment) to maximize its chances of reintegration into the social fabric. In these two aspects, it is possible to combine some reconstructive approaches (cognitive remediation, psychoanalytic work in the long term ...) to compensatory approaches (brief therapies, psychosocial skills training, relaxation ...). During this presentation, we will mediatize a theoretical bedrock related to the emergence of these new integrative accompaniments. Furthermore, we will emphasize that this movement also causes a movement of reconciliation between psychoanalysis and cognitive neuropsychology. Finally, we will justify and illustrate our words by presenting quantitative and qualitative results obtained from the generalization of this work within two mobile teams of psychosocial rehabilitation.
Keywords: neo-evolutionary psychology, psychosocial rehabilitation, integrative theory, neuropsychology, psychoanalysis.
1. Introduction
The subject we are going to deal with echoes the clinical results we got from the psychosocial rehabilitation team at the hospital center of Jury Les Metz (France). In the ‘rehab’ transdisciplinary field, we aim to create a way of working with subjects with serious and disabling mental disorders admitted at the hospital for a long period, who found difficult to reach autonomy in their everyday activities. In order to do so, we had, in the first place, to conceptualize these patients’ feasible progressions as well as the support we could bring them. From then on, what could be done of these patients who had fled from any interaction with their environment through a withdrawal in an asylum, behind the walls of a hospital?
