Factors in urban growth and effect on the former structures of towns

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UNITED NATIONS

AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR ZCOUŒ..IC DEVELOPMENT Al\'D PLAIJHNG

DAKAR '

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IJEP/ET/CS/2122

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27

COUHSE ON NATIONAL .JEVbLOP~'tilTT AND R~GION.l\.1 FL.A·1,liHTG (D~kar:

28

October -

20

December

196

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FACTOHS IN URBAN GRG\tlTH AN.J EFFECT ON TH.., FülTh!l:;R STRUCTUR~S OF TOHUS

by

Mr. P. VIOT

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DECEMBER

1968

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IDEP/ET/CS/2122-27 Page 1.

FACTORS IN URBAN GROViTH ARu EFFECT ON THE FOillŒR STRUCTURES OF TOI-TNS population grovrth and the construction of new vrards for the immig- rants (location according to ethnie origin)

changes in densi ties o.nd extension of the- surface area of urban agglomerations;

- the dev~lQprnent of urban trans~ort: place of private transport and public transport respectively; the motor-car Rnd town planning

(restrictions on the circulation of private cars, new highway infras- tructures, irnprovement of public transport);

the specialization of zones and the concentr8tion of activities:

cQn~ercial and administrative contres, university blocko etc •• •

The problems raised by segregation within urban agglomerations: ethnie segregation or segrega·tion by inco.r.Je bracket.

Studies on the urban network

- Theoretical studies bo.sed on the tertiary functions (theories of Chris taller and Beckmann; according to Reilly' s law: i

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two towns respectively exert an attraction on the com.r.Jercial clientèle of a smaller locality situated between them, in inverse proportion to the square of their distance from it and in direct proportion to their own population). Theoretical studies based on industrial functions (rôle of propulsive industries and theory cf development poles ofF, Perroux, criti- cism of the theory of the economie base by Wilbur Thompson).

Descriptive studies of the urban network on the basis of the follow- ing indic a tors:

size of the population (total, working secondary and working tertiary);

services for the use of economie activities (banking network, various professions or trades, etc •.• );

services geared to individual utility (administration, cultural and artistic facilities, school and sports facilities etc •.•. );

external influence (population of the zone of influence, telephone ccmrnunications, transpnrt by rail, by bus routes eto.

The indicators are easy to establis};l and oan be expressed by a numbor coùe for each town.