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HAL Id: jpa-00213885

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00213885

Submitted on 1 Jan 1970

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MAGNETIC MULTIPOLE TRANSITION PROBABILITIES

R. Garstang

To cite this version:

R. Garstang. MAGNETIC MULTIPOLE TRANSITION PROBABILITIES. Journal de Physique

Colloques, 1970, 31 (C4), pp.C4-189-C4-190. �10.1051/jphyscol:1970430�. �jpa-00213885�

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JOURNAL I)E PHYSIQUI-

MAGNETIC MULTIPOLE TRANSITION PROBABILITIES (*) R. H. G A R S T A N G

J o i n t Institute f o r L a b o r a t o r y Astrophysics

University o f C o l o r a d o a n d N a t i o n a l B u r e a u o f S t a n d a r d s Boulder, C o l o r a d o 80302, U . S. A .

Resume.

-

11 y a quelques annees, Mizushima [ l ] a signale que, bien que la transition dipolaire liiagnetique soit interdite dans le couplage L-S pour les raies d'intercombinaison, le rayonnement quadrupolaire niagnetique est perniis pour les transitions telles que AS

= .!. 1 . I1 peut donc exis-

ter une transition quadrupolaire magnetique de ce type qui a, en intensite, le ni&me ordre de gran- deur que certaines transitions d'intercombinaison dues au rayonnement dipolaire electrique et aux perturbations spin-orbite. Ces deux types de rayonnement, quadrupolaire magnetique et dipolaire Clectrique, doivent provenir d'etats initial et final de parite opposee. Pour beaucoup de transitions les deux types peuvent apparaitre, mais i l y a Lln petit no~iibre de cas dans lesquels seul le rayon- nement quadrupolaire ~iiagnetique est possible. Un tel cas est s ? ISo-sp 3P2, qui est interdit pour le rayonnement dipolaire electrique en absence d'interactions avec le spin nucleaire

; en effet o n

a A J

=

2.

Garstang [2], dans une serie de c a l c ~ ~ l s sur les probabilites de transition, a montre que, pour les elements lourds tels que Hg 1 6 s' 'So-6 s 6 p 3P2, le rayonnement quadrupolaire magnetique est negligeable relativement au rayonnernent d i ~ o l a i r e electrique induit par spin nuclkaire. Dans la transition correspondante de Cd I la radiation quadrupolaire magnetique represente environ 10 %

du total et il senible, d'apres les mesures du rapport d'intensite

(

ISo-3PrIlSo-3Po) faites a u labora- toire que le rayonnenient q ~ l a d r ~ ~ p o l a i r e niagnetique soit en effet present. Dans Zn I, le rayonnement quadrupolaire m a g n e t i q ~ ~ e do~iiine pour la raie 4 sz ISo-4 s 4 p 'Pz, et cette raie a ete observee a u laboratoire. D a n s Mg I, le rayonnelnent quadrupolaire domine pour la raie 3 s2 ]SO-3 s 3 p 'P2

;

cette raie n'a pas ete observke a u laboratoire mais a ete tro~lvee dans la nebuleuse planetaire N G C 7027 par Bowen.

Dans iln dernier article, Garstang [3] a etudie I'apparition de rayonnement q ~ ~ a d r u p o l a i r e magne- tique dans les atonies fortement ionisks, co~iiprenant entre autres C V, N e IX, A r XVII, F e IX, F e XVII et F e XXV. I1 a niontre que le rayonnement quadrupolaire m a g n e t i q ~ ~ e est un mecanisme de depopulation radiatif important pour plusieurs niveaux, par exe~iiple 3 p5 3 d

3P2

dans F e IX, 2 ps 3 s 3Pz dans F e XVII et I s 2 p 3P2 dans Fe XXV. Dans F e XXV, la probabilite de la raie quadrupolaire magnetique

1

s 2 p 3P2-1 s2 'So est superieure a celle de la raie dipolaire Clectrique 1 s 2 p 3Pz-1 s 2 s 3S I . Cette m&me s i t ~ ~ a t i o n se retrouve dans la s e q ~ ~ e n c e isoelectronique de H e I au-dessus de S XV. Receni~iient R. Marrus et son groupe (non publie) a Berkeley, ont fait une mesure de duree de vie de I'etat 1 s 2 p -1P2 de Ar XVIl

;

ils obtiennent un r e s ~ ~ l t a t en accord avec celui qui a ete calcule a partir de la sornrne des probabilites des transitions dipolaires electrique et quadrupolaire niagnetique vers les etats 3S

I

et ISo ; ceci donne une excellente confirniation de la probabilite de transition donnee par Garstang pour la raie quadrupolaire niagnetique.

Abstract.

-

It was pointed out some years ago by Mizushima [ I ] that although magnetic dipole radiation is forbidden in LS-coupling for interconibination lines, magnetic q ~ ~ a d r u p o l e radiation is allowed for AS -

! I transitions. This can make a magnetic quadrc~pole

transition of this type of the same order-ofmagnitude intensity as many intercombination transitions due t o electric dipole radiation and spin-orbit perturbations. Both magnetic quadrupole and electric dipole radiation r e q ~ ~ i r e the initial and final states to be of opposite parity. For many transitions both multipoles can occur, but there are a few cases where only magnetic q ~ ~ a d r u p o l e radiation is possible. One s i ~ c h case is sz 'So-sp 3Pz, which is forbidden for electric dipole radiation in the absence of nuclear spin interactions because AJ - 2.

A series of transition probability calculations by Garstang [2] showed that for heavy ele~iients such as Hg 1 6 s' IS"-6 s 6 p 3P? magnetic quadrupole radiation is negligible in comparison with nuclear-spin-induced electric dipole radiation. In the corresponding transition in C d I magnetic quadrupole radiation forms about 10 per cent of the total, and there is some evidence from the laboratory intensity ratio (ISo-3Pz/]So-3Po) that magnetic quadrupole radiation is indeed present.

In Zn I magnetic qiladr~lpole radiation dominates in the line 4 s2 'SO-4 s 4 p 'Pz, and this line has been observed in the laboratory. In Mg I magnetic quadrupole radiation dominates in the line 3 s ? 'SO-3 s 3 p 3Pz

;

this line has not been seen in the laboratory, but was observed in the plane- tary nebula N G C 7027 by Bowen.

( * )

Research supported in part

by

National Science Foundation Grant GP-11948 and National Aero-

nautics and Space Administration contract NGR-06-003-057.

Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1970430

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R. H. GARSTANG

In a later paper Garstang [3] investigated the occurrence of magnetic quadrupole radiation in highly ionized atoms, including among others C V, Ne IX, Ar XVII, Fe IX, Fe XVII and Fe XXV.

It was shown that magnetic quadrupole radiation is a significant radiative depopulation mecha- nism for several levels, including 3 p5 3 d 3P2 in Fe IX, 2 p5 3 s 3P2 in Fe XVII and 1 s 2 p 'P2 in Fe XXV. In Fe XXV the magnetic quadrupole line 1 s 2 p 3P2 -1 s2 'SO has a higher probability than the electric dipole line 1 s 2 p

"2-1

s 2 s ~ S I . The latter situation holds in the H e I isoelectronic sequence above S XV. Recently R. Marri~s and his group (unpublished) in Berkeley have made a measurement of the lifetime of the 1 s 2 p 3P2 state in Ar XVII, and obtain a result in agreement with that calculated from the sum of the electric dipole and magnetic quadrupole transition proba- bilities to the ~ S I and

ISo

states, giving an excellent confirmation of Garstang's transition probabi- lity for the magnetic quadrupole line.

References

[l] MIZUSHIMA (M.), Phys. Rev., 1964, 134, A 883. [3] GARSTANG (R. H.), Pubs. Astron. Soc. Pacific, 1969,

[2] GARSTANG (R. H.), Astrophys. J., 1967, 148,

579.

81,

488.

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