Contents of in any form publ be ication written permission without may reproduced not this is in The mater ia1 publ ication s from Inc Digital Engineering, thi for

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(1)PRELIMINARY REFERENCE. MANUAL. RETRO-GRAPHICS". For. the. ©Copyright. Terminal Enhancaent, Models RG1000/TV60,61,62,63 925, Model gio, %2, 920, or 95O Video. Termina). TeleVideo®. 1982. Digital Engineering, Inc. A) 1 rights reserved. Contents of in any form publ be ication written permission without may reproduced not this is in The mater ia1 publ ication s from Inc Digital Engineering, thi for . onl y. inc Digital informational Engineering, purposes assunes no . responsibil ity for errors or omissions in thi s manual . Engineering, Digital from Inc. assumes no ] iab i I ity for damages resulting the use of information contained in this manual. Specifications without notice. are subject to change by. and GEN. II Inc . Retro-Graphics, Engineering, are trademarks of Digital 10 TeleVideo is a registered tradenark of TeleVideo, Inc. Tektron ix and PLOT lSSCO, DISSPLA, and TELLAGRAF are regí stered are tradenarks of Tektronix, Inc. Corp. tradanarks of Integrated Software Systems W-3000 is a trademark of Inc . Templ ate ILS Precision Visuals, is a trademark of Meg atek Corp. ( Interactive Laboratory System) is a regí stered trademark of Signal Technology, DECPLOT is a trademark of Texprint, Inc . Inc. DEC and VT1OO are trademarks of Equi ism Ti ger Pr and pment Paper Digital Corporation. are tradmarks of 800 Data a Integral is Systens, inc. Mni tradmark of Texas lnstrtnents, Inc. DE,. Part. #6®5553O. DIGITAL. ENGINEERING,. Printed INC.. 630. BERCUT. DRIVE,. SACRAMENTO,. CA. 95814. (9i6). in. U.S.A. 12/10/82. 447-7600.

(2) PREFACE. Model The Retro-Graphics" upgrade GEN. graphics RG1000/TV60,61,62,63 series. II". 912, 920, Models 925 the Model enhancements, enhancanent. RG1000/TV60,61,62,63. terminal enhancments are The Inc Engineering, products f rom Digital . Models 910, is designed for use in the Te)eVideo® i s used in the The ñi6O enhancement R5, and 95O video terminals. TV61 and 9SQ, in the Model gio, TV62 in the Model 912, and TV63 in As 920. there are no operational d ifferences among these termina7 for ease of reference the phrase "RG1OOO" app) les to the entire i ine. s. Thi s manual provides information enhanced Te)eVideo termina) in. and instructions graphics display. ii. for appl. use of the ications.. Retro—Graphics.

(3) CONTENTS. SECTION 1 1 1 Using . 1. 1. .. 1. .. 1. 1. .. . 1. 1 2. . 1. . . The 1 . 2. 1. 2. 1 2. .. 2. 3. INTR0DUCTION Manual . Intended Aud Drgani zation Publ Rel ated. this. .. . .. 0. *. D. e. 0. ©. 0. P. 0. 0. P. 0. 0. ©. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. e. 0. 0. *. 0. 0. D. 0. O. 0. *. 0. 0. *. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. .. ion. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . Enhanced. .. .. . .. .. .. 3. SECTION 4 4. 1 Using 4. 1. i 4. 1 .2 4. 4.. 4.. 4.. 4. 4. 4. 4.. 3. 4. 5. 6 7 8 9. 4.10 4.. 11. 4.12. .. 4027. .. MODE. - 4027-·t'l0DE 4027 4027 4027. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. Programming. Producing Programming. Keys and Macros Hardcopy Output the Host . .. -1. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. iii. . .. . . .. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . Command . Command .. . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 3-1 . 3_1 .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . . . . .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 2-1. .. .. . .. .. i-4. .. .. .. 1-2 1-3. . . .. .. .. 1—2. .. . .. . . . .. .. .. . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Coordinates. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Terminal. .. . . . .. .. . .. -1. 1-l. .. .. .. .. 1. .. .. .. . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Cormands and Command Structure. . .. .. . .. Coordinate Systms . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entering and Leaving 4027 MODE . . . . . . . . . Preparing for Graphics and Text . . . . . . . . . 4. 3. 1 and Monitor Def ining the Workspace . . . . 4. 3. 2 Defining a Graphics Region . . . . . . . . 4. 3. 3 Setting Coord inate Scal ing . . . . . . . . 4. 3. 4 Selecting the Line Type . . . . . . . . . 4. 3. 5 Selecting the "Color" for Graphics . . . . 4. 3. 6 Mode Setting Complement . . . . . . . . . 4. 3. 7 Selecting a Character Font . . . . . . . . Drawing Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. 4. 1 Drawing Lines with the !VECtor Ccmnand . . 4. 4. 2 Drawing Command Lines with the !RVEctor . 4. 4. 3 Drawing a Filled Polygon with the !P0Lygon 4. 4. 4 Drawing a Filled Po?ygon with the !RPO1ygon 4. 4. 5 Drawing an Polygon Unfilled Arc or Regular 4. 4. 6 Drawing a Polygon Filled Arc or Regular . 4. 4. 7 "4010 Using Sty)e" Vectors in 4027 Mode . Adding Text to the Disp)ay . . . . . . . . . . . 4. 5. 1 Entering Text Directly iñtcj the Workspace 4. 5. 2 Entering Text with the ISTRing Command . . 4. 5. 3 Defining and Deleting User-Oefined Fonts . Erasing Graphics and Text . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Graphics Input Mode (Crosshair Cursor). . . Displaying and Reporting Status . . . . . . . . . Transferring Blocks of Graphics Data . . . . . .. 4.L3. 2. MODE. TRANSPARENT. Functions. .. .. Initiating. 1. . .. .. .. -. 3. . .. .. .. .. .. . . .. SETUP AND SELF-TEST SECTION 2 . . . . . . . . . Up 1 Communications Terminal-to-RG10OO 2. Setting 2. 2 Setting Up RG1OOC)-tO-HOSt Communications . . 3 Making Other 2. Retro-Graphics Settings . . . . 2. 4 the MHory and Graphics Self-Tests. SECTION. 1-l 1. 1—l. ience . . . of lnformat ications . .. Retro-Graphics Concept . 1 Bit-Map Graphics . . . 2 Operating Modes of the 3 Functional Block Diagram. 0. 0. . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 2—2. 2-4 2-6. 2-6. 4-1. 4-2 4-2. G3 4-4. G5 4-6. 4-6 4-7. 4-8 4-9. 4-g 4-g. 4-id 4-1. 1. 4-12 4-1. 2. 4-12. 4-1 3 4-13 4-1 3 . 4-1 3 . 4-1 5 . 4-1 5 . 4-17 . 4-17 . .. 4-ig 4-ig. . 4-20 . 4-21 . 4-23 . 4-24 . 4-24 ..

(4) 4010 MODE SECTION 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 401O-MODE Using 5. Control Sequences and Coordinates . 4010 Control Sequences 5. 1. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4010 5. .2 Coordinate Systm . . . . . . . . . . . /i01O Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. 1 . 3 2 5. Entering and Leaving 4010 MODE . . . . . . . . . . 3 5. Preparing for Graphics and Text . . . . . . . . . . 5. 3Ñ Settings that Carry Over from 4027 MODE . . 5. 3. 2 Settings Made in 4010 MODE . . . . . . . . . Drawing 5. 4 Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. 4. 1 Plotting Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drawing 5. 4. 2 Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. 4. 3 Erasing Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Adding 5. Text to the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . Using 5. 6 Graphics Input Mode (Crosshair Cursor). . . . 5. 7 Reporting Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Output 5. 8 Producing Hardcopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . Host 5.9 Programing the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APPENDIX. A. APPENDIX. B. APPENDIX. C. APPENDIX. D. APPENDIX. E. APPENDIX. F. -. REFERENCE. COMMAND. -. CONTROL-CHARACTER. -. CHARACTER-CODE. -. SPECIF ICATIONS. F. IRNARE. IDENTIF. . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. ·. ·. . . . . · .. .. .. ·. .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. . .. · . . . .. · . . . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. · . · . . . . .. . . . · . · · . . . .. .. .. 5-1. .. .. 5-2. .. .. 5-2. 5-2. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. · · . . . · . · · . . . .. · · . .. ·. .. .. .. · . · · . . .. · · . . · .. · · . . .. 5-3 5_5 · 5_5 · 5_5 · 5-6 . . 5-6 5_7 · 5-8 . 5_9 · 5_9 · 5-10 . . 5-11 . 5-1 2 .. gm. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MNEMONICS. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ICATION CHARTS. .. . .. . . . .. .. .. .. CHARACTER FONTS. STANDARD. .. . . . .. .. -. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. A-1 B-1. C-l D-1 E-1 F-1. Illustrations Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure. l-1 1-2 1Q3. 2-l 2-2 4-1. 4-2 4-3. 4-4 G5 4-6 4-7. 4-8 4-3 5-1. D-l. inates . . . . . . . . . . . Transition Diagram . . . . . . . . . Retro-Graphics Functional Block Diagram . Term ina1/RG1OOO Interfaces . . . . . . . Graphics Test Display Pattern . . . . . . Coordinate Scal ing . . . . . . . . . . . 4027-M0DE Display . . . . . . . . . . . . Workspace/Monitor Display . . . . . . . . Muí tiple Graphics Regions . . . . . . . . Sample Mode Display Using Complement . . Sample Graphics Display . . . . . . . . . Sample Text Display . . . . . . . . . . . Samp1e User-Oef ined Characters . . . . . Di sp) ay Created by 4027-M0DE Demonstration Display Created by 4OiO-Mode Dmonstration ROM ldenti fication Number . . . . . . . . Screen Mode. Coord. iv. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . . Program Progran .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . .. .. 1-2 1-3. i-4. 2-1 2-7 4-4. . . 4-5 4-7 . 4-B . 4-10 . . 4-i4 . 4-i6 4-i8 . . 4-26 . 5-U D—1 ..

(5) Tables Table 2-1 Table 2-2 Table 5-1 Table A-1 Table A-2 Table A-3 Table A-4 Table B-l Table C-1 Table E-1 Table E-2 Table f>3 Table E-4 Table E-5. icat ions Settings . . li Characters. Term inal Enhanced. Enhancement-to-Host Computer Terminal Operating Attribute Conversion of 4010 Coordinates to ASC. 4027-|'|0DE 401O-MODE Mi. scel. Commands. . . . . . . Control Sequences . . Ianeous Control Sequences. Camun. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . . .. .. .. Default Settings . . . . . . . . Standard Character Fonts . . . . . . . . . . ASCl l Control-Character Ñ1©oñ ics . . . . . . ASCII Control Characters . . . . . . . . . . ASCII Characters/4010 High X or Y Coordinates ASCII Characters/4010 Low X coordinates . . . ASCII Characters/4010 Low Y Coordinates . . . Tektronix 4027 Keys/Pseudo-ADEs . . . . . . . NOVRAM. ERROR. V. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. Sett. ings . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-5 2-6 5-4 A-2 A-20 A-21 A-21 B-1 C-1 E-1 E-2 ÉO E-4 E-5.

(6) SECTION. 1. -. lNTR0DUCTION. icat¡")n5 app} icable to the Retro-Graphics" second part introduces the reader to the Retro-Graphics by the RG1ÜOO enhancanents. publ. other. 1.. USING. 1. Manual. s Reference paragraphs.. 1. and. 1. wa s. prepared. for. use. as. described. in. the. following. Audience. Intended. 1. .. manual. MANUAL. THIS. Thi. 1.. ists The terminal . concept, as imp1mented. this first part of this section introduces the reader toenhanced. The. in the manual is intended for programmers, techn icians, and information ( knowledge have ienced who of some least terminal at operators users in need The appi and ications reader in graphics general particular). computers enhancements not be famil lar wi th Retro-Graphics terminal or the specific Tektronix® terminals they enulate. The. exper. 1. .. 1. .. 2. Organization. of information. is divided so that it may be easily used by readers of varying Section 1.2 provides an overview for readers unfamiliar with DE" backgrounds. GEN. Section 2 contains procedures to set up the terminal li" terminal enhancements. enhanced Section 3 gives operation with for the host computer systen. information about how the RG1OOO alphanumeric operation of the affects normal Section 4 describes use of the enhanced terminal as an mulator terminal . of the Tektronix 4027, with the asstmption that the reader may have 1itt1e or no knowledge Section 5 descr ibes use of the enhanced terminal as an of the 4027. 4010, again emul ator assuming he Tektronix the reader may not have of t A knowledge about Append contains detai led information ix of the terminal . ccmnands and control accepted by enhanced terminal . the sequences The. 1. .. 1. manual. .. 3. Rel ated. Publ. ications. Other manual s publ ished by term ina1 enhancement are: 0. 0. terminal. Engineering. RG1000/TV60. to support. Manual--provides lnstai Íation procedures for retrofitting the TeleVideo® terminal with the RG1000/TV60 kit. RG1000/TV61,62,63 and g12,. These manual terrnina? and. Digital. s. the. used al orig wi graphics appl ications d. be. Retro-Graphics. information Model. lnsta11ation Manual--provides procedures for retrofitting the TeleVideo zo or g: with the RG1000/TV61,62,63 kit.. shoul. the. 925. or. and 95O. information gio,. Model. th documentation for the standard v ideo prograns to be used with the enhanced. .. 1-l.

(7) Introduction 1.2. THE. RETR:. J-CGRAP4ICS. CONCEPT. ai phanumerics enharicenents terminals into Retro-Graphi: :s terminal convert Previous Retro-Graphics products, such as the VT640 for graphGs t.t?r{n¡l)a}s. Di splay Terminal . The emul ate the Tektronix 4010 Cornputer the DEC'" VTiOO'", i s RG1OOO a M'.N. it Retro-Graphics product; it emui ates most functions of t he 402 7 and adv anced Term inal additional prov ides Tektronix Color Graphics DE and For canpatibii Tektronix with products, the graphGs features. other ity RG1OOO 4010. Tektronix also emulates the 1. .. 2.. 1. Bit-Map Graphics. Retro-Graphics enhancement the b it-map method of creating a graphics uses The display terminal is divided into a rectangular display. screen area of the Data bits stored in elements"). (short grid of dots called pixels for "picture which which a and video mwory array define pixels are "on" (light) are "off" ( d by drawn a dark) . Graphics elenents are microprocessor, which writes ata "mapped" into the video menory. This data is then fran the video manory to the and terminal display circuits. sm"een by RG1OOO The. graphics display area is composed of 640 pixels in the horizontal direction 240 Each in the vertical direction. location (pixel) in the display is by (X,Y) identi fled coordinates, starting with (0,0) in the lower left corner and ending with (639,239) in the upper right corner when the entire displ ay used. is Coordinates that refer directly to pixel s in the display are area called screen coord inates in this manual. Figure 1-l i1)ustrates RGlOOO screen coordinates.. The and. )<. ABOUT. EIGHT. INCHES. >. (O,U9). (639,U9). ". ABOUT. C,(. OrO). (63'M)j fügure. 1-l.. Screen. 1-2. Coord. inates. -Y-. SIX. INCHES.

(8) Introduction can Se set co coord inates used by one scales graghics based on on the can be d ispi a'ted inforrnátXjn about scat ing 1?GÍC(J(J. i"he. i. .. 2¢. Nodes. 2. accept input that refers to screen coordinates or to RG1ÚOO The of the Tektronix terminal s it ?ñ1tjÍ ates. the Tektronix 4010 or 4027 coordinate systens so they wi th the intended proportions. Plore terminal screen is contained in Append ix A under the SHkink command.. of Operation. TRANSPARENT MODE, ter«üna1 The enhanced can be operated in any of three mcxies: M(JDÉL in upper-case text 4Ü27 MODE, These modes of operation are shown or RG1OOC) sj2 and mQdes . from in manual them termina1 distingtii other to F from one mode to another are made with keys, menu selections, Transitions or escape sequences, as shown in Figure 1—L. 4jíq. thls. In TRANSÉ'ARENT MODE terminal functions as though the enhanced equi pped with the terminal a few exceptions, \Aith the enhancment. and Section "transparent" the host cwputer. to both the terminal inforrnation about these exceptions.. it. in. 4027. details 4ó1(j. of the control. riot i s. contains. and the terminal emulates a subsiet of the Tektronix @0 commands mode in additional functionsn tiÜ3 internal fi rmware control s many a reducing the amount of host computer time required to create The CRT monochrome, by he disp]ay» terminal is but colors displayed t sime7ated with patterns of dots called shading Section 4 patterns. MODE 4027 in Append ix A ; terminal contains use of the enhanced. HOOF. performs functions, graphics 4027 are describes in. 3. were RG1OÜO. about. each. 4027-mDE. the terminal terminal used sequence in. HC)0£. enhanced. command.. mu7ates the Tektronix in 4010 MODE; 4010 MODE.. Appendix. 4010.. Section 5 describes contains details about. A. TRANSPARENT MODE. '. ,pg. ,G%,. )):. 0<. '/- I?. 6"":¿::,::,:,j'. ):o::::y. ,, ,,,, ,,,. (ESC)"6g9. F2,. 4010. 71. or. Key. U, or. Key. Mode. selection. Mode. selection. t J||". 4027. L. ,,K. KSC)"7gt. Figure. 1-2e. Transition. t'kAe. 1. _3. Diagram. MODE. use each.

(9) Introduction 1 .. 3. 2.. Functional. Diagram. Block. i s the functional Íy between pI aced enhancement Retro-Graphics terminal ) handl es 1Ql (Figure system . It computer and the host terminal when control ho st , taking the and terminal between the ccmrnunications tnixed is frorn the terminal Video Retro-Graphics functions are to bo performed. be partly or entirely created RG1OOO, can so the display with video from the frcjm either source.. The v ideo. DiGlTIZER. PRINTER. fopTloNAL. :. l. l l. I. "w. l l. i I I. l l I. i. VIDEO. U. MEMORY. l l é. ¥ ,,DEO. l , l. TELEVIDEO TERMINAL. ENHANCEMENT ,. COMPUTER. I. 1/0. RETRO-GRAPHICS. l. HOST. , l. ExpANr)ER. !. ). 1/0). l l. ,. SERIAL q. í/Ó. l. ' '. ). l i. DATA. MICRO-. 1/0. q. PROCESSOR. I P. l I. i. t. l. I. i. l (. ! '. ENHANCED. j. TERMINAL. i. \. Figure 1-3.. Retro-Graphics i-4. Functional. Block. Diagram.

(10) SECTION. 2. -. SETUP. SELF-TEST. AND. i s Retro—Graphics pi aced enhancement the terminal and the host conputer, two communications terrnina1-to-RG1OOO and RG1OOO-to-host (Figure 2-1. functional Iy between the interfaces must be set up : The ). terminal-to-RG10OO interface, which is set with the terminal' s switches, is always configured to RG1OOO-to-host The defined interface, standard Retro-Graphics parameters. ccxnmands, using RG1OOO var les accord ing to requirements of the host system. Sections 2.1 and 2. 2, respectivel y, contain procedures for setting up these interfaces.. 8ec ause. in this manual Terminal settings not mentioned according to user preference or the requirenents described in the TeleVideo operator's manual.. are. of. a. optional specific. and app]. can. be. Many. be settings of the RGlOOO can stored in nonvoí ati le menory; i s when powered settings only recalled the terminal are off and ( RG1OOO). resetting the terminal does not reset the. the terminal is properl y set the keyboard, a mmory test describes these se)f—tests.. When from. up, and. two. self-test routines can display test.. graphics. a. RG1CK)O-TO-HOST INTERFACE (SET UP WITH RGlOOO COMMANDS). HOST. <. COMPUTER. be. these. <. RG1OOO. >. P. Figure 2-1.. Terminal/RG1OOO. 1. Interfaces. on. initiated. Section. \\J >. as. bac k. TERHINAL-T0-RG1000 INTERFACE (SET UP WITH TERMINAL SWITCHES). \\J. set. ication,. TELEVIDEO TERHINAL. 2.. 3.

(11) 2.. Setting. 1. termina). requi. red the. terminal 1. .. cannot. sure the terminal apply power. After the screen'": Vx.x. 2.. commun. is properl y connected to the host computer brief delay, the fo1lowing message should. Make and on. Make use. Communications. icate wi th either the RG1OOO or the host unti l the made via the terminal ' s swi tches. settings have been commun ications about More information fol towing procedure to make these settings. in the appropriate swi tches can be found TeleVideo operator's manual .. The Use. Termina1-to-RG1C)OO. Up. (C). a. Copyright. the following. swi. Digital. Engineering,. tch settings. accord. Inc.. ing. system appear. 1982. to the. of terminal. model. in. .. Model. 95O. Switch Settings. Switch. SI-1. Switch. SI-2 Switch M-3 Switch Si-4 Switch S1-5 Switch Si-6 Switch Switch Switch Switch Switch Swi tch Switch. S2-1 S2-3 S2A. DOWN. 925. through SI-4 set 96®. baud. rate). DOWN DOWN DOWN. (S1-5. DOWN. sets (Si-6 sets. UP. (S2-1. DOWN. 8 1. bits-per-character) stop bit). sets duplex (S2-fl through S2-5. on). set. no. parity). DOWN. S2-5 S2-7 S2-8. UP. S2-9. UP/. DOWN DOWN. DOWN. Model. (SI-l. DOWN. (S2-7. and. (S2-9 (S2-J}. up for 60 Hertz) down for 50 Hertz). su8 set. full duplex). Switch Settings. Switch. (all. SI. SI. switch settings. same. as. Mode). 95O). Switch Swi tch Switch Swi tch Switch Switch Swi tch Switch. S2-1 S2-2 S2-3 S2-4. DOWN. S2-5 S2-7. DOWN. n-8 S2-9. DOWN DOWN. sets duplex on) sets Model 925 operation) through S2-5 set no parity). {S2-7. and. (n-g. up for 6ij Hertz) down for 5q Hertz). DOWN. UP DOWN. UP/ DOWN. '?. (S2-1 (S2-1 (S2-3. (s2-j). It is not. S2-8. set. full duplex). abnormal enhanced for a Retro—Graphics terminal to initialÍy ERROR. with the message NOVRAM This message appears if nothinghe in saved previously nonvol ati le mmory. the RG1OOO If t i message occurs after one or more values have teen saved (Section 2.2), t indicates a failure of the nonvolatile RAH. power on has been. 2.

(12) Models. 2!jLE!Ld Switch. 920. Settings. .-S!L!_É£,h. UP. SI-1. DOWN. Switch. SI-2 Switch M-3 through 10 Switch Swi tch Switch Switch. Switch Swi tch Switch Switch. Switch Switch Switch Model. S2-1 S2-2 S2-3 SO-4. U P. S2-5 S2-6. UP. S2-7 S2-8. UP. DOWN UP. UP/. DOWN. UP. n-g. -. 52—10. S3. -. S5. -. DOWN. Switch. DOWN. S1-5. Switch Si-6. DOWN. S1-7. -. Switch Si-8 Switch. DOWN. si-gjo. -. Switch S2-1,2. DOWN. Switch. UPI'. S2/3. DOWN. S2-4,5 Switch S2-6 Swi tch S2-7 Switch S2-8,9,10 Switch. Make again. rate). UP mandatory for 912/920) (Sets standard character set) (Sets full duplex) (Sets 60 Hertz) (Sets 5() Hertz) (Sets no parity) (Sets 1 stop bit) (Sets 8-tñt word) UP (S2-3 mandatory for 912/920) (Setting not used by RG1OOO) (Cursor setting user-sel ectable). (SI-l. (See. A. for. (See S5. 912/920 host. doctnentation compatibi1ity). to set Switch. 912/920. docwnentation to set Switch for host compatibi\ity). gio Switch Settings. Switch S1-1,2J,4 Switch. baud. UP. DOWN. Switch. (SI-l through SI-lO set (Sets 9600 baud). -. UP UP. -. (Sets %00 baud rate) (Sets B-bit word) (Sets no parity) (Setting not used by (Sets 1 stop bit) (Setting not used by. RG1OOO). RG1OOO). (Sets standard gio operation) (Sets 60 Hertz) (Sets 5q Hertz) (Cursor setting user-selectable) (Sets full duplex) (Sets screen dark) ( Model See gio docmentation S2-8,9,10 for hoct ccmpatíbíiity). Turn other settings as required by the user. make the new switch settings take effect. to. the terminal. off. NOTE. is defined (and is echoed by the must not contain a control host or local character it RG1OOO. acted by For example, on the terminal the enhanced and enters 401 C) MODE vector drawing when initiates it receives a (GS) character.. If. an. ANSWERBACK. MESSAGE. echo). to and. set on.

(13) terminal is set up f: jr communications with the with the host- must still be establ ished as described. RG1900, but in Section. The. 2.. 2. Setting. thc fol Íjwincj procedure host computer . More detai is Usc. 1. .. CI-R. Communications. RG1C)OO-to-Host. Up. up ccmnunications each command are. to set about. between. given. 4027. 4010. TRAN. For. Models. 925. For. Models. íno,. PRT F1234567890123 and. 9%:. in. and. RG1OOO. Appendix. the. A.. gn,. and. command. Enter the. 920:. (. settings. transmit) ,{ receive)(CR) {dup1ex)(CR). !TERmina1. ccmnand. if. of the following with the appropriate values): any. (echo)(CR) (dejay)(CR) !TRAiler (code),(code)(CR). * Transmission introduced between s?tting of (O) is ** l)y. Trailer the. codes. RG1(JOO. del ay. can. be. characters ly used.. Set Set. the. model. of. the host computer: transmit/receive rate duplex number of bits per byte parity ccmnunications protocol nimber of stop bits. ccxnmunications settings 402 7-m0de commands (Table. !ECHo lPAUse. 2(CR). recognizes. by Set Set Set Set Set Set. !Nf3lts (bits) !PARity (parity)(CR) !RSS ( ronote start/stop protocol) !SB!ts (bits). 1(CR). !TERmina1. required. (mode). PD0123456789.TESB. SF1234567890123. Enter the. Determine the conmunications !3AUd !0UPjex. 3.. the. Sinul taneously press the CTRL and B keys. The "Key Mode" menu shown below of the sc reen . should be displ ayed across the bottorn if the (mode) 4027, not position indication the cursor at the to the right of the menu is 4027 selection and RETURN. keys with the right/ieft arrow press. This setting ensures that the termina1 enhancement TeKVideo terminal in which it is operating. 2.. communications 2.2.. are required, 1 2-1 ists. enter them permissible. echo. transmission delay : ? Define trailer codes i'u/c. if transmitted used. u".ijai. to are appended to the host ccxnputer.. each A. 2-4. b a for any reason delay must e to the host ccmputer. The default. string of graphics data single (CR) is ccxnmonly. transmitted used..

(14) 4.. if. initial. any. operating-attribute 4027-l'|0DE. the appropriate. commands. settings are to be made, enter them with (Table 2-2 lists permissible values):. (mode){CR) IENTry !1NPut (source)(CR) IMARgins {margins)(CR) !P7Key (settings){CR) !STljps (tab stops)(CR) !TERmina1 (terminal type)(CR) ( ! HERtz frequency)( CR) 5.. Type. Table. !. SAVe (CR). 2—i,. to. save. Terminal. entry mode graphics input source margins Enabie/disable key mode Set tab stops Set terminal type Set frequency. Set Set Set. these settings. in nonvolatiie. mmory.. Commun. Enhancment—to-Host-Computer. ications. Settings. KEY\A7RD. PARAMETER. PERMISSIBLE. BAUd. {transmit). (50/75/110/134/15Q/300/600/120Q/1800/ 2000/2400/3600/4800/7200/9600/1 Roo) same as {transmit). (. DUPÍex. receive). (duplex). VALUES. (Full (. ,Modem) Ful1,Nanodem). (Half) ECHO. (. echo). (Local/Rmote). (bits). 7. PARity. (parity). (Even/Odd/None/High/Low). PA. (. pause). (positive. RSS. (. protocol). (No/Host,'Termina1/8oth). SBlts. (bits). 1,. TRAi)er. (code),(code). O-12 {ADE. NB. Its. Use. 2-5. 8. or. 2,. or. 7 ). integer). 4. Any. ASC. l I. Decimal. Equivalent.

(15) Tabl KEYHQRÜ. PARAMETER. PERMISSIBLE. ENTry. (inode). (1/2,Ü). source). {. lNPut. {I. h/3. ). VALUES. 1. '=. ]. =. Jl. =. crosshair Jigit-izing. (I) - (73) (2) - (3o). (setting). (L/R. STOps. (tab stops). (rí,n,n . . .n) ascending order,. TERminai. (I. ). (2. ). PF. ins. Key. ). 2. TRANSPARENT;. (left) (right). i'lARg. Settings. Terminal Operating Attribute. Enhanced. 2-2.. e. 4027;. =. 2. cursor; tablet. 3. 1. =. =. 4010. ight. pcn. inc?usive inclusive. Local Remote. =. enable (CTRL 8) (CTRL = disable. and function keys B) and function keys 80. 2 and each n between maximi-sn 12 stops. (I) identifies terminal identifies terminal. as a as. (2). a. in. Model 925 or Model gio,. 9SQ. 912,. or. %(J. (5U6O). (frequency). HERtz. 5q = 5q. Hertz;. 6c). = 60. Hertz. 6.. terminal off and back on. After a brief delay, the copyright NOVRAM ERROR A message should not appear; if t here should appear. message NOVRAM ERROR, RG1OOO Append ix enhancement a See must be repaired. is the NQVRAM a when Table A, /\-jg for default cormunications settings that apply ERROR occurs.. The. enhanced. the. Power. terminal. now ccmmun icate correctl y wi th the host and saved at any time as requirments change. operation, see Section 4 for information about terminal and Section 5 for information about. should. Settings can be changed terminal is set up for as a 4027-type graphics as a 4Oi9-type graphics 2.. 3. ini. It—in tests are. !GTEst. successful displ ayed. ERROR, or The. !TESt. command. in. #. ERROR. of. the. enhanced. terminal. corwnands:. a. test. the test, fai I s, the is displayed.. of the enhanced terminal ' "RAM OK" and the messages message. in a sample graphics The test terminal. the enhanced sample font and dis,n1ays graphics. command. operation of each standard. operation. check. .. The se. graphics memory test graphics display test. itiates. completion of If the test. ROM. Graphics Self-Tests. with the following. {RETURN] [RETURN]. !GTEst !TESt The. and. f-test routines. sel invoked. .. After the operation operation. terminal.. tiating the Meory. Bui. ccxnputer. itiates. 2--{j. STATIC. RAM. ERROR,. s. memory. OK" GRAPH lCS. "ROM. On. are RAFI. ispi ay to demonstrate overai l display shows the characters in (see Figure 2-2). d.

(16) SECTION. 3. -. TRANSPARENT. MODE. MODE, in enhanced TRANSPARENT terminal operated t he Retro-Graphics TcAeVideo a a s TeleVideo terminal; functions standard see the appropr late between a The few differences operator' s manual for information. standard TeleVideo terminal and TRANSPARENT-MODE operation of an enhanced terminal are detailed in the following paragraphs.. When. FUNCTIONS. 3n The as. imposes. RG1OOO. an. very few functional terminal :. alphanunerics d. I. imitations. on. operation. of the terminal. (GS). 4010 control character is used to access MODE 4010 Unintentional transitions into . occur if the (GS) is sent or echoed to the RG1OOO for any other. The. ASCl. I. MODE. reason 0. The used such. set. .. sent 5y the F1-F4 keys are normally for local Retro-Graphics functions be transitions. The RG1OOO can, however, then to the host instead.. control sequences by the RGlOOO as mode up to send. 34.

(17) SECTION. in. 4027. 4027. -. MODE. of a most of t he functions termina) mulates ing accord Programs 4027 to 4027 wr itten Color Graphics Terminal. The enhancement. wi th the Retro-Graphics should run correctly MODE: 4027 in functions are performed. MODE. Tektronix protocol following. t he. 0. Setting. 6. Plotting and. The. 4. enhanced. up. (drawing) filled arcs. points,. 0. Enter ing dot matr ix graphics display. 0. Transmitting. s. Displaying. 0. Copying, storing,. o. Programing. 9. Printing interface. fol lowing topics. and. and. Using. 4.10. Programming. 4.11. Producing. 4.12. Programming. interactive. for. in. text. polygons, into. appl. the. ications. status blocks of graphics data. executing function. are covered. 4. 1 4. 2 4. 3 4. 4 4. 5 4. 6 4. 7 4. 8 4. 9. character. retrieving. the graphics is required). fi lied. ines, arcs,. points. reporting. and. }. or vector. selected. of graphics. for display. the terminal. display. thi. s. keys (. an. and macros. optional. printer. section:. 4027-M0DE. and Coordinates Comands MODE 4027 Leaving. Entering Preparing for Graphics and Text Drawing Graphics Adding Text to the Display Erasing Graphics and Text Using Graphics Input Mode (Crosshair Displaying and Reporting Status Transferring Blocks of Graphics Data and. Cursor). Keys and Macros Hardcopy Output the Host. systems overview of the command structure and coordinate 4027-M0DE It is not intended that the user perform any Subsequent functions while reading Section 4.1. topics are written so the user 4027-M0DE each from keyboard Each may try function as it is presented. the command and, is 5riefly explained in most cases, illustrated with an exampl e. ] 1st s A 4027-M0DE Append ix and commands provides detailed a)phabetica1)y ( c(ynmand and parameter information defaul ts, acceptable val ue ranges, opt ional parameters, etc.) . The used. first topic is in. 4(J27. an. MODE.. 4-1.

(18) 4027 4.. 4027-M0DE. 1. COMMANDS. COORDINATES. AND. 4027 MODE terminal the enhanced fol low Tektronix 4027 protocol . and coord inate ccxnmand structure used than. In. 4.. 1. .. 4027. 1. Command. Mode. expects inputs from the keyboard or host to 402 7 The next few paragraphs stmmar ize the have who system for readers not prev iousl y. Structure. 4027-M0DE. remmbered commands "keywords" that serve as are based on easi by the command; mnemonics the VECTOR for example, for the function performed keyword The entire a ccxwnand draws can be used, vector or line in the display. i from To distinguish hut only the three are necessary. by a command character, usually the ordinary the command must be preceded commands Most exclamation point ( are fol lowed by parameters to further The (such as coordinates for drawing). define the function being performed be terminated command must has received so the RG1OOO can tel I when the complete command; the carr iage return ( CR) control code terminates a si ngle command For example, command to set workspace a margins at co1tmn 10 and 70 . would look way: !MAR 10,70(CR). ly. text,. fi rst. letters. t. I).. it. this. 4027 commands 4027 command about. Ali. 0. 0. When. a. details. defaul t command character is the ( I); the user may select a di fferent character ( see the !C0Nnand cocmand in Appendix The command character A). cannot be used as a del imiter or in text (except within a delimited string). The. keyword no. A. non-noner keyword or. iwnediatel y follow or other characters. must. spaces. ic. must par ameter preced ing parameter. command must be ccmmand the character commands can be sent command term inated by and the entire string. is explained (. I) is. in. y =. or from. Non-mmer. .. this manual, the following. 0. is completely spelled out as shortest truncation acceptable characters) is shown upper case, but may either upper-case or lower-case characters.. used. commas. separated. ic. terminated with a ( ; )b a ( CR), or A of another command . series of in a continuous string, with each the command character of the next terminated by a (CR).. The Th? The. more. t he. yes).. g. always. character. f ran. separated. by one or need not be parameter ic. Each. command. the ccmrnand between them.. bm. spaces; a numer ic parameter the keyword or a non-ntmer parameters may be truncated (e.g., 0. Additional. above.. The. with d. follow the basic format described structure follow:. as. the. keyword. 4-2. comnand. conventions are. character. a. aid.. m©ory. (first be. t hree. entered. as. used:.

(19) 4027. b. A. space. separates the. 0. A. comma. separates. e. The. g. name. iven. keyword. each. parentheses; the name of in square brackets.. ( CR) The corrmand or. is always terminator string of cmnands.. the term inal message; the WHAT? displays the invai. When. id Tektronix. .. the. end. 0,0, 100,100,0, 200,100,300,0,400,100,. Execution of commands from the character; execution of cormands is pressed . Commands from the from the keyboard are displayed. 1. at. non-nuner ic entered either. h. of. a. 1(CR) !PARity E!SAVe(CR) 3Q,H(CR) !W0Rkspace !VECtor. 4.. shown. eac be. in shown is shown. IENTry. EXAMPLES:. respon. each. truncation for is shown upper case, but may or lower case.. upper. Va). parameter is opt.i,o.nai parameter. single-letter. b. the next.. regly!.rsg. The parameter. 8. first parameter.. the from. parameter. each. to. from. Mode. does not when id command. 4027. it. host computer begins on receipt of the command RETURN does not begin from the keyboard host are not displayed on the screen; commands in the monitor before execution.. until. recognize a keyboard-entered does not recognize a command in the moni tor.. ccmmands. 500(CR). not. emul ated. by. the terminal. command from. are. , it di spl the host,. accepted. ays i. t. without. se.. 2. 4027. Coordinate. Systems. 4027 4027 coord inate system is based on the resol ution of the Tektronix I 64O pixels by 48O pixels vertically. At least one display: horizontally ine range of monitor must be defined for displ ay of commands and messages; of the The 4027 graphics coordinates that can be displayed is O-64O and O-46i. is 4010 1024 system: using coordinate pixels also capable of the Tektronix 780 pixel s by horizontally Again, there must be one line of vertically. monitor; the actual grid of 4010 coordinates that can be displayed at one time is 1024 by 7WL The. 4027. the terminal can be set to draw using any of three coord inate 4010, 4027 coordinates. systems: or screen or 4010 coordinates are scaled to screen coordinates for display according to a setting made with t he ! SHRink command. Figure 4-1 shows the scaling factors used in each case. In. MODE. 4027,. 4-3.

(20) the terminal is set up with the maxiinwn possibX space\Ñi of the fol lowing commands any graphics (graphics region), around the entire graphics region: Assuming. !SHldi,ik !SHRink !SHRink. al I 1. 4027. Mode. located. fo r box. draw. a. 639R, 639,461, O,46i, 0,Q(CR) 0,0, i023,0, 1023,739. M739, O,0(CR) 0!\/ECtor J,O, 639,Q, 63').2YJ, 0,230, 0,O(CR) ·3,0,. N!VECtor Y!VECtor. (639.Ü9). !SHR\NK. 4027 C0ORí)lNATES. X. "" :. '. í,. (639,239) 1 i. i 0,0) (SCREEN. !SHR1NK. COORDINATES). SCREEN. D. P. COORDINATES. (ioñ.779). 0. (0,0) !SHRINK. 4010 CO0RÚINATES. Y. .. ). O. (0,0) Figure 4-1. 4.. 1. .3 lfC)27. 4027. Coordinate. Scat ing. Display. and workspace monitor. the display is divided into two regions: and is the area that displays graphics text; the monitor is the from and messages either area that dis;ñays c'mmands entered from the keyboard the host the enhancement. and monitor The workspace computer Retro-Graphics or must be defined before a gmphics display can be crtmted {Section 4j describes how to do this). Figure 4-2 shows the 4027-MODE d isplay wi th one ) ine of monitor and the rest of the display defined as workspace. In The. MODE. workspace. NOTE. The. the are. Tektronix. off. limited. 4027. the vertical limits of scroll up or to display graphics that the screen. The Retro-Graphics enhanced terminal is to a single-screen nonscro11íng display.. screen. and. can. draw. beyond down. 4-4.

(21) 4027. Mode. ). ). WORKSPACE. MON"!. The. ENTERING. terminal 0. AND. LEAVING. enters. 4027. 4027 MODE. ". ". ". ". 4027-l'l0DE. Figure 4-2. 4.2. Tor. "" " " " "" " " ". Display. MODE. in. of the fo1)owing. any. ways:. in saved nonvolatile setting the "entry mode" MODE 7 402 s i at power on . mmory, the terminal automaticat y enter Entry mode is set with the !ENTry cormand (4027 MODE is the default. If. 402. 7. MODE. i s. setting).. 0. Pressing the F2 key while in pressing it again exits set to "Iocal").. 0. TRANSPARENT or 4010 to TRANSPARENT MODE. MODE. (PF. 4027. enters must. be. while in any mode of operation displays the Mode menu. Positioning the cuu,or at "4027" with the arrow keys RETURN pressing selects 4027 MODE.. Key and. MODE;. Pressing. (CTRL. B). from sequence 0 An (ESC)"6g (GS)(ESC)"6g a sequence TRANSPARENT MODE. (GS)(ESC)"6g. keys. the host enters from the host. 4027. MODE. enter. s. from 402. 7. 4C)1Ó MODE. MODE. ;. f rom. The (GS) char acter via 4010 MODE. TRANSPARENT MODE, is the only host-controllable rünimizing the means of leaving chance Unless echo is set of accidental transl tions out of TRANSPARENT !1ODE. to "local" the (ESC)"6g or (G3) cannot be used frcxn the keyboard. The. séqucnce. enters. To determine the mode of operation Key Mode menu. TÍk! current mode (CTRL B) again Zc) K?y Mode. exit. 4027. at is. MODE. any time, press (CTRL B) to display the shown Press to the right of the menu.. G5.

(22) 4027 4.. PREPARING. 3. GRAPHICS. FOR. Mode. TEXT. AND. a several definitions and selections before beginning a Then 5e and must workspace defined. monitor First the graphics display. and Other definitions graphics region must be created within the workspace. selections that affect the display can also be made: make. It is necessary to. Scal ing for input Complanent Mode. *. Line type for vectors and boundaries pattern) for area "Color" ( shading Character font for text Definitions for use of vector characters. fill. ©. 0 0. 4. 3.. 1. coordinates. 0 0. Defining. the. Monitor. and. Workspace. screen is defined (the entire the terminal enters 4027 MODE, no workspace be The size of either exp1icit\y monitor may is monitor). the workspace the or in Size is defined defined; the other comprises the renainder of the screen. 1 (0—34). be at least There must ine of monitor. one terms of text lines Either of the fo))owing cormands will define the largest possible workspace:. When. WORkspace. !M0Nitor. 33(CR) 1(CR). = 33 = 1. ]. lines of workspace, ine of monitor, 33. line of monitor ines of workspace. 1 1. is first entered, text (characters that are not part of a the host is displayed in the monitor and text from the keyboard by The disposi tion be changed is sent to the host. of text can, however, adding a cormand: parameter either source to. MODE When 4027 ccmmand) from. 3LK(CR). !W0Rkspace. = Keyboard ine. A-). !M0Nitor. 1O,H(CR). =. i s. displayed not sent the disposition of text text. wor kspace. (. host); host is unchanged. Host text is displayed monitor; the disposition is unchanged. the keyboard. in. in. the. to. t he. from. the. the 10-I irte of text from. the size of the workspace as in the preceding or monitor is specified, The examples, the screen is erased when the region is redefined. disposition be changed by can of text without erasing the screen specifying only the source in either corrrnand: parameter Whenever. K(CR). !\A0Rkspace. !M0Nitor To sel. see. ected. how. for. illustrates. H,K(CR). i s in displayed = Keyboard text the wor ks pace. = Host text is displayed in the monitor and keyboard text is sent to the host.. and what ines are al located to the workspace sources ( ! SYStat canmand use the Section 4.8). see Figure text, the workspace/monitor display and the sources of text for each. many. 1. 4-6. ar e. G3.

(23) 4027. » e. comand ?. H. J. Mode. mjst 5v5TEM. executed sy the enhañceó TERNNAL displayéd) (not. ye s. no(tekt) K". won. nor. ky30 ?. 1\,kjr. host. estinati0. \j(nk$pace. destimticm. h. 7. k lMóN h. ©(text) ves c(y'tMAND ?. kéymlw0. ·q. : " ". Ikfining. 2. a. ~. r l. UECUTEÓ UMÑCED. Figure 4. 3.. '. mokitqq. , :. Graphics. BY 'µ£ YRNWAL. 4-µ. *. f Local,. {f. IECHO 1$ $ét. Se. pi«ed directly' lnta. Workspace/Monitor. to. te.<t tk€. wf)l. &J$q. moMtor.. Disp1ay. Region. graphics region must be defined within the workspace before the enhanced The graphics region, terminal will execute comnands to draw graphics. like the 1 ccmmand in The terms defines lowing ines is defined fol of of text. workspace, 1 and 20 ends (top line) of the a graphics region that starts at line at line workspace: A. !GRAphic. 1,20(CR). right limits of the graphics region default to coltnns 1 and 80, (optional) respectively, but they may be specified with additional parameters. The (X,Y) coord inates refer to the most recentl y defined graphics region. ion wi command a defines fol lowing graphics reg th the same vertica) limits as the previous example, but the left side is at text coltmn 10 and the right side is at colwn 70:. The. left. and. !GRAphic. More. the. than one. relation example,. graphics. 1,20,10,70(CR). graphics region can be defined, but graphics are drawn only in Gr aphics coord inates recently defined. identify locations i n to the lower left corner of the current graphics region (0,0). For commands divide the displ ay into quarters and draw the following in the center of each region as shown in Figure 4-4:. one most. !W0Rkspace !GRAphic !GRAphic !GRl\phic. 1,15,1,40!VECtor 160,120!C|Rc1e 50(cr) 1,15,41,80!VECtor 1Q,120!PIE 50(CR) 16,30,1,40!VECtor 110,70,110,170,210,170,210,70,110,70(CR) 16,30,41,80!P0Lygon 110,70,110,170,210,170,210,70(CR) 30!GRApMc. graphics regions i n the preceding example when graphics region is erased it is defined, that fall within its boundaries wilt be erased. The. 4-7. did any. not overl previously. ap. drawn. Because. a. graphics.

(24) 4027. "". '. Mode. .. .t. , i. t""' 'E ': '.,. ,. -·'. ,!.,,( ' I d:' it': ' ',|k'?;,: qjt' ' ;I,H.¢'. ))j)il})' i' A '""." a '.' 'k ' ' h '". ' '. ·" ' . - ... y. Figure 4-4. 4. 3.. 3. Setting. Coordinate. Graphics. Multiple. ''. ·T .&~e[Tt=.. Regions. Scal ing. terminal is set to scale Tektronix 4027 coordinates to the enhanced 4010 coord inates Some appl ications may use or sc reen screen coord inates. command Change coord inates. the scal ing factor as required with the lSHRink and the Yes, Direct, or No parameter: At. power. on. Y(CR) D(CR) N(CR). !SHRink !SHRink !SHRink !SHRink. Y. and. !SHRink. Retro-Graphics. scale. to. screen. directly to. screen. coordinates scai ing) coordinates. (no. 4027 ccxnmands. !SHRink D, an are Tektronix in would onl appl be used graphics ications y , with the Retro-Graphics enhanced terminal . N. use. 4. 3.. 4. The. default ] ine type at power be selected with the !LINe. can. coordinates coordinates coordinates. use screen sca7e 4027. command. specifically for Selecting. 4010. the Line. !L!Ne !LlNe !LlNe !LlNe !LlNe !LlNe !LlNe !LlNe !LlNe. additional desi gned. Type on is the command.. "normal" solid line. Other Available selections are:. 1 2. '. 3. " " " "' " "' " " " " " " " " " " '" " " " "". 4 5 () 7 8 I). !LlMe. e. !LlNe. p. '. '. '. '". "" "" "" """ """" """ " ""'. ~. """. "" '. ". "". (user defined) {erasing line) (endpoints only) 4—8. I. ine. types.

(25) 4027. ;'r. }. a. line. define. Appendix. in. 4.. 3. .. those provided by j-g above as pattern of "on" and "off" pixels. for details about this command.. ine type other. 5. 9 A. Selecting. than. a. the "Color". is. needed,. the. See. the !DFLine. Mode. can user command. for Graphics. Other c an "colors" the default "color" for all graphics is white. CO C7. At nunbers and cmmand power !C0Lor through color selected with the C2 through C6 are a selection of shading patterns that simulate on Cl) is white, command sel ects the shad ing The following and C7 pattern is black. colors, C6: nonber that corresponds to color At.. power. on. be. !C0Lor. C6(CR). the entry of the preceding ccmnand, interior areas of fi lied shapes (polygons will be drawn in white using the currently After. C6. and. will be used to "pies"). Vectors and. pattern. selected. shade boundar. the ies. ]¡n2 type."'. be separately defined by adding a second can les of f¡ I Ied shapes The !C0Lor comand. to the first color nmber then defines the color The of vectors and area fi j] , the second defines the color of boundar les. C7 C3 and (black) and command for area for vectors fol lowing se1ects fi li , boundaries: Boundar parameter. !C0Lor. ccmpatib ii accepted. The with the !MAP, these ccxnmands. For. 4. 3. 6. Setting. C3,C7(CR). ity with fulÍ-coIor graphics app} ications, ail color ntmbers are "color" pattern) represented by any color number can be changed (. !RMAp,. Complanent. and. !MlX. commands.. See. Appendix. A. for. details. about. Mode. the terminal is set to "write" graphics and text without regard for A sol id what is already displayed at he sane locations. line is drawn in white i h Sometimes, 5y turning pixel "on" regardless of eac ts prev ious state . however, desirable to take into account pixel the existing state of each it is new when entering Mode graphics or text. This is done by setting Complement with the ccmmand lCMOde Y. The new state of each pixel being written over i s determined by comparing its current state with the new data using the EXCLUSIVE OR When in Complement Mode, writing function. data that wou)d normaj)y turn on a Drawl ng series of pixels actually reverses the current state of each pixel. something and then The redrawing it in Complment Mode effectivel y erases it. N ccxmand !CI'l0de resets Conpl anent Mode. At. power. on. shad ing Vectors and boundaries can be drawn only in black or white (not patterns); any color number selected for vectors and boundaries will result in white unless Thi s color 1 imitation appl les is defined as solid black. it ( i s C7 to all graphics commands !VECtor, !RVEctor, !PlZ, ! FONt , etc .) . normally the only color number that is defined as black, but the definition of any mlor number can be changed with the !MAP, !RMAp, or !MlX ccxnmand s . A See Appendix for details about these ccxmiands. "'. 4_3.

(26) 4027. fo1?owing series of. The. creates the d¡sp}ay. commands. 4->. Figure. in. shown. !¶C)Rkspace 1jij!C0Lor C0!POL 0,0,0,199,599,199,599,0!CN0de yj lGRAphic 4J,0,49,250,149,250,149,0(CR) C2!PJLygon !C0Lor C4!POLygon 249,0,249,180,349,180,349,0(CR) !C0Lor C0!CMOde N(CR) C6!PJLygon 449,0,449,310,549,310,549,0!C0Lor !C0Lor. a 'X-C". Mode. Y(CR). '=== -:"±É ..".r..t~===== ' I . I rx : .".:. j: -""--£'"f:. ,' i I I. ,..,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,, ,. 4ktm=u==== ======== =~^A^jjÁjuj " r=c====== =ú¥=l=Y==u= :1. ""'. ' r' T r· ·:; i'l === ~r====n= : ',: . : , --. · ' " . : ·-u ., mmm~mnn i " "! t==m»L4{ \ALLm= , ;'á. |ff| i II||. ^LLaµ^~L.¢ +4'4~L|m4 ~ I I. , , ,..,, .,, ,,,, ,,,, .. , ,,,. ú. .h. a. I. I. I h. t,,mñ ^. Xm.--r¿'7mh./..ke. Eg3L '" '"'" 'X" · X ; . a - m.,' -mt . " ' ' .:{ ' ." "t""'"""""""'"""""""" · . t .- - . -. . -. ', -. . ml ""'i~ ' ;j ' "4. ·' Á : :: ':: ::::" '""'" " """ " '""' ·· y-." " @. ' · ' I I I I ,-,· ' ". , ". '-m4 l -', 9f: «·--.T¿¶N||lI i" . " Ct"w'""" u·k "aA "' ' " ,.....,.....g¿;y.ñ,. -"j -'b-..' " "" ' ' ' .'.. ""'t: , .':·µ '""-- " {"h< 4" " ? : - ,Ñf t 4.3\'y " .&,-~ ',j~L,~jmLjm l—LÁ- ±¥·"-·" : :..L-.: :,.b,4,-, " U,' " -.. "'..If--, ", , :: .::. -' E, ,' ¥¢S" ' ' , ' ' : :. :'"í ,.¢" :í; ,;y . ·,'.". : ' '" '. ,' ,, ..---M . ·:?""# = ";: >1· ' U' ' ' .". '' i .' -: -"- ¢ Ñ :" "' : ', ríTF""~%l.~ ii"mxm""" " "'·P- " -- ' ' . m..;" X . .,,.,,. " ' u · - " 'E ·"·"-·'—-'·4·-'—'···-.· " · :: 'T-E.mmm .' gt7 l ·' ' -.: -·.·- .--= - ..--~=== ~ ' : ' T,\Z —— ' '_ ' " ' ' — -_— " .-. ' . d, S " "' : ::::.......,,..,.~_.-,..,.. ¿_m-j:^-L-_ ' ? · - , ===== . , _ "" " ""::u .' ' "·. . ' ,. " L^-L-L,~~m == ""= """. f-. T. TI: """"""" " |l:["-'('j)|)"!|))j'¿a]'))-)(j)-:):):_i...).?j6Li.í)))))))))))))),)j,))))).""))))". —". .-... ' '"i2 l. +':. - + ¿É,. &'-Á g-" ' ' "' ""' -'. " ' ,,; S ==Amg"'Z: --T---.')p-.·e y :zí"Y? : ', ,' ..: . ':" ': i! " =m=t=: , l. ·'7Trf'T;" ¿: Á+új¢ " """' i TT~T"1-f"i .J'; .i * ,. j'.y<y. a. Figure 4-5.. 4. 3. At. 7. Se)ecting. a. Character. Sample. 32(cr) 33(CR). J? 'g ?ú g- <': '">5+"-. r2 m;' ' '. "r"=== Using. ""."-..'. '".. =ú2úá.. ·- : · '- "' '" "'. ' "' "' "' :"' '. Complement. == ··' ·'·. " "' '" "' " " " -_,-. ". "I'. ¢". d'"- ±:. ±m. Mode. Font. II character font ( font O) is selected changed to any of the following selections. the standard dot matr ix The font can be for text. with the !ATTribute command: 0(CR) 1(CR) 2(CR). .:r:}TajL. Display. ASC. power on workspace. !ATTribute !ATTribute !ATTribute !ÁTTri5ute !ATTribute. E::.;:=T~. = = = =. =. font font font font font. (ASCII (APL. dot matrix) dot matrix) 2 (user-defined dot matrix)"' 32 (ASCl l vector character) 33 (user-defined vector character)*. O 1. * Any font number from 2 to 30 can be used to select the user-defined dot matr ix font; 33 i s the oni y number that selects the user-defined vector See Section 4.5.3 and Appendix A, Table A-1, character font. detail s for about defining characters in the user-defined fonts.. 4-10.

(27) 4027. Mode. A (optional) second text . te i s selected fo r workspace used for to change the "color" for the ! ATTr ibute command is used CO C7 inverted " any through be ntnber or color The any may "color" text . dot matr ix lCO col or" through lC 7. If a normal col or nunber is selected,inverted col or an characters will be displ ayed against a black background; The in reverse video.* number is selected, the characters will be displayed examples fo11cming illustrate selecting the "co1or" of text:. At. on. power par ameter. whi. if. !ATTribute !ATTribute !ATTribute !ATTribute. selects font 1 without changing the "color" selects "color" C3 without changing the font selects font O, displayed black-on-white drawn selects font 32 (vector characters), in black. 1(CR) CJ1(CR). 0,lCO 32,C7. in either white or black; only a are displayed that text and background ( C7) normally will actually result in color ntnber that is defined as black nunbers All color background. are accepted anything but white characters or appl ications. graphics with full-color for compatibility Note. 4.4. GRAPHICS. DRAWING. When. initial. may be. drawn. definitions in. the graphics. !VECtor !RVEctor !PC)Lygon !RPO1. ygon !C1Rcle !PIE (GS) !. INK. and. selections have been made {Section region with the following cormands:. 4ñ), graphics. using absolute coordinates using relative coordinates a filled polygon using ebsolute coordinates a filled polygon using relative coordinates an unfilled arc or regular polygon a filled arc or regular polygon "4010 style" vectors "ink" vectors with the crosshair cursor. draw draw draw draw draw draw draw. vectors vectors. section addresses ali the preced ing commands except the !INK command, and in Section 47. which is covered If the reader defines a workspace examples 33!GRAphic and graphics region with !W0Rkspace enters the LÁ(cr) given for each command, the resulting display should be similar to Figure 4-6. Thi. s. should be understood before using the concept of "graphics beam position" enhancanent keeps conmands. The in Retro-Graphics graphics track of a point bean The position. the display called the graphics initial graphics beam posi tion when a graphics region is defined is coordinate (0,0). After each A posi command beam tion is the point at whkh execution ends. graphics the command does graphics coordinates begins at the that not specify starting graphics bean position. The. in Vector characters are not drawn a character cell , so there i s no "background." Selecting an " inverted color" just inverts the color of t he lCO C7 ) g ives (selecting charactm" selecting the same result as · "'. 4-11.

(28) 4027 4. 4.. 1. Lines with the. Drawing. JVECtor. Mode. Ccxruriand. a line or series of connected lines in the currently line type is "p" only the endpoints will be the current if Endpoint coordinates are the only parameters used with the !VECtor . Fo r command . Lines are drawn from each pair of coordinates to the next. and ending box starting ccnmand draws an unfi } led at example, the following {X,Y) coordinate (200,100):. The. !VECtor. selected pI otted). command i ine type. 200,. lVECtor The. 2. 100,200,200,. 30Q, 200, 3QQ, 100,200,. 100( CR). is a1so commonly used to move the graphics and command The !VECtor another command. be a "move" performed. causes to for. Drawing. Lines with the. !RVEctor. a. !. ccmmand. RVEctor. in of. Command. performs the same functions as the !VECtor coordinates is reí ative to the current graphics pair of The following Relative coordinates can be positive or negative. diamond: and draws a up 5j units. The each. position single pair. bean. command. !VECtor. preparation coordinates 4, 4.. draws. (. b ut command , bean position. command moves. !R\/Ector 0,50,50,50,50,-50,-50,-50,-50,50(CR) When. only graphics 4. 4.. 3. one Sean. Drawing. pair of coordinates is specified, position without drawing.. a. Filled. Polygon. with the. !P0Lygon. the !RVEctor. cQmmand moves. t he. Command. selected filled ( with the currently 1 in the current white ine type) or boundary ccxmnands draw a The following black, according to the selected boundary color. C2 ined in shading pattern and outl b1ack: trianqle filled with the. The. !P0Lygon. vector/fil1. ccmmand The color.. !C0Lor. that not executes. Note need. d. raws. C2,CjúpOLygon. a. pol ygon is drawn. 225,150,275,150,250,125(CR). drawn; the closing edge is automatically the beg inning wi th one The !PClLygon command repeated. pair of move; the camand with two pairs of coordinates draws a. be a. 4-1. 2. coordinates coordinates i ine..

(29) 4027 4. 4.. 4. Drawing. Ccxrmand. !RP0lygon. with the. Poi ygon. Filled. a. Mode. b ut performs the same functions as the !P0Lygon canmand, gruaphics beam position. coordinates is rel ative to the current ccmnands draw The fo11owing Relative coordinates can be positive or negative. C5 bean position) with the a graphics filled triangle (starting at the current shading pattern:. command. The !RPO1ygon each pair of. 4. 4.. Drawing. 5. J,0,25,25,25.-25(CR). C5!RP{j1ygUn. !C0Lor. Unfilled. an. Arc. or. To draw an arc (less than be given. The arc must command a draws fo1)owing. is actually. arc segments. can. be. circle), the radius. complete. is drawn COunty"rc1OCkw¡ 18C)-degree. from. se. start/stop angles The the start angle.. and. arc:. as. ified. a. in. the result in a square.. between The incrment series of short segments. 1 a a drawn with arge degrees. "circle"An is If a increnent angle of go is regular polygon. The fol1owing camand draws an octagon:. 30,0,360,45(CR). !C(Rc1e and. drawn spec. increnent angle, degrees results. Start. a. 40,90,270(CR). !C1Rc1e Ari. a. a. 50(cr). 250,50!ClRc}e. !VECtor. 4. 4.. Po1ygon. unfilled arc or comp1ete circle around the current circle, only the radius need be specified. graphics bean and draw circle:. !C1Rcle command draws an To draw beam graphics position. The following comnands move the. The. used. Regular. stop angles. must. be. Arc. or. spec. ifi ed if. the. incrment. SI. ice of pie),. ang. le. parameter. i. s. .. 6. Drawing. !?12. The. a. Filled. command. draws. fi lied regular polygon.. the. !ClRc1e. command.. a. filled. Regular arc. Parameters The fol lowing. Polygon. (like for. a. the. ccmmands. white-filled circle: !C0Lor The. !ERAse. LL7. C0!'JECtor. W{CR). Using. "4019. cíxmnand. Style". 2gj,50!?lE. IP IE. command. move. filled circle, or. the to the r ight are. same as and draw. for. a. 1O(CR). clears the workspace. Vectors in. 4D27. MODE. ications it may Se desirable to use the Tektronix 4010 method of For complex drawing vectors while in 4027 MODE. graphics ( such as arcs and fi lied shapes) 4027 commands make efficient use of host computer time and l /0, b ut t he 4010 method of drawing vectors requires transmission of fewer characters frotn the host than the 4027 !VECtor command. In. some. appl. 4-1. 3.

(30) 4027. Mode. The (GS) is fol l owed control charactm" initiates 4010 vector drawing. (US) 4010 end s a the a coordinates; by representing ser les of characters MODE (4010 ended by 4027 a drawing is and not vector sequence returns to 4027-M0DE settings such as !SHRink and carriage return as it is in 4010 MODE). A. (GS). !CM0de. in. remain. effect.. note tm"mina1 vector drawing is not possible if the enhanced ( such as Mode" !SNOopy "Snoopy Y). Control characters in (GS) (US) and and upon displayed acted as text the not are by the RG1OOO. 4011) i s. The 4027. following methcxj. exanples show how the same series of vectors the 4010 method (!SHRink Y):. !VECtor (GS). p!. drawn. using. the. 100, 50(CR). 100, 5(j, 100,600,950,600,950,50, r@2x=V2x=V! r@! r( US). total ntnber of characters in where sorne cases further in a series. several vectors. The. are. and. transmitted for 4010 vectors can be reduced even fo r one or more coordinates remains the same 4010 vectors. about See Section 5.L2 for details. u. 'm t t Ve LD¢N d"" m b. J'. '. '\. Figure 4-S.. Graphics Display. Sample. 4—l. 4.

(31) 4027. 4.5. TEXT. ADDING. TO. Mode. DISPLAY. THE. terminal can add strings of text to a graphics Retro-Graphics enhanced Dot a such graph, or the entire display can be text. as labels on display, S) he source( kspace be ran into wor en tered f t directly matr ix text may ( host or keyboard) . Dot matrix or vector designated in the !W0Rkspace command command from be either source using the !STRing entered character text may . workspace location; text entered Text entered directly begins at the cursor The with the string command begins at the current graphics beam position. fo)1owing paragraphs describe basic text usage. The. 4. 5.. 1. Text Directly. Entering. into the. Workspace. matrix text (fonts O, 1, and 2) is added to the displ ay at the i character cells cursor location, t is normal ized to a grid in ofTRANSPARENT MODE) and colimns of characters displayed (similar to the rows . the erñü re reg ion; Directly entered text is not limited to the graphics imposed by workspace the is avail able for text, sub ject to any 1 imitations !MARgin be Workspace following settings. set to any of the text entry can configurations:. When dot workspace. !'N0líí(:,$pa(:e !W0'í!4,3pace !W0?ík3,,acE?. !bl0Nitor. H. lMON'itor !H(JNitor'. K. H. ho': sends text to the workspace keyboard sends text to the workspace send text to the workspace host and keyboard host sends text to the monitor keyboard sends text to the host keyboard sends host: sends text to the moni ho st.. t. K. H,K. H,K. tor;. text to the. workspace is a reference location; cursor, i ike the graphics beam position, When the workspace it. is not visible in the display. is initiai1y defined, the When a graphics region is defined, cursor is located in the upper left corner. below is one, or to t he the cursor is moved to the workspace line it, if there reader last }ii"¡e of the graphics region if there is not. the enters If the exarnpl es qiven fbr each be command, ting símil displ ar should ay the resul to Figure 4-j'. The:. following. The. vidcc. ASCII. !tiAí?gin. set the margins, define text at the top of the display: commands. 1,8(-)!W0R!<space. The wor ks pace ccmánands:. !Rlüñt lLCFt. 1RlGht !DOM. sc). r. can. b. e. conmaníl. O, 1CO(CR)this in. moved. (count){CR) (count)(CR). fol } owl rlc! l' igíít corners autamaCicaily !"he. c ur. Y),K!ATTtr ibute. a. an y. and. workspace, is the. direction. upper wi. th. enter. reverse. left corner cursor—control. !UP (count)(CR) !D0Wn (count)(CR). the cursor' and ent.m" text in the upper and lower note that the first str ing ends in the last co1unn; the cursor wraps to I ine 2, colímn 1 ): s. move. (. 21(CR)this is the 23!R(Ght 50(CR)this. right corner is the lower right corner. upper. 4—1. 5.

(32) 4027. carr iage return (other brings the cursor to the commands iri the preced ing lower left corner: A. (. CR)thi. s. is the. lower. Mode. carriage return that terminates a command) left margin of the current line. After enter ing the exampl e, the fo1)owing sequence enters text in the than. a. left corner. in row/col LKññ location the in ni.nbered relation to coÍunns are fol lowing command moves the cursor the top left corner of the workspace. and enters text across the center of the workspace:. The cur sor c an also be moved workspace with the !JUMp command.. !JUMp. 15,22(CR)this. directly to Rows. any. and The. is the center of the. workspace. commands. to move the cursor is with the !TAB and lBACktab in command. The cursor can of tabs stops to move is specified the forward from one 1 ine to the next, but it wi )1 not backtab beyond the The following commands marg in. illustrate use of teb stops for text entry:. Another. The tab. way. nunber. STOps 10, 20, 3L4O, 5M60, 70lATTr ibute C0!JUMp !TAB( CR )30 !TAB( CR )40 !TAB( CR )5O !TAB( CR )6O !TAB(. !. When }. ine.. does. the cursor reaches The cursor does not backtab beyond. the not the. end wrap. left. 20(CR)ITAB( )7O. CR)1O!TAB(. =yF7Á,. -ja!!q""áfm:. ZD. eft. CR)20. CR. l ine it automatical ly wraps to the next the bottom line back to the top and it margin.. of. a. from. y. 10. ]. 30. 42. q"%UTm. Figure 4-7.. SO. a. =EÁ¡ÉÁúl4u'Úüu¿-|. Sample. 4-i6. Text Display. 70. ) d. 77íl.

(33) 4027 4. 5.. Entering. 2. !STRing. with the. Text. Mode. Ccmnand. command . CharacUr str ings can be entered into the display with the !STRing 'dhen a dot matrix font is selected, entry of text strings is simRar to direct position entry of text, except entry begins at the current graphics bean ! STRing wi Dot the ix entered th position. text matr instead of the cursor and col LTTIñS; ccmmand rows vector character is normal ized to character-cell Dot matr ix strings begin at the coord inates of the graphics beam position. end automatically wraps graphics region; to a outside the may text it start or ( new line left margin) if necessary. command may be specified strings, as del imitU Text entered with the !STRing Any equivalent values (ADES), or combinations of both. series of ASCII decimal del a used be imit following can of the characters to string:. E"(). @#$%. += —. ?/. II: ,.. from example displ ays characters the ASCII dot following (100,100): containing coordinates beginning at the character cell. The. The. next delimited. displays. example. the. same. string: 400,1OO!STRing. !VECtor. *[This. 10O,1OO!STRing. ibute O,C0!\/ECtor. !ATTr. test, but. gi,*TMs. is. uses. a. a. test]'"(. matr. ix. font,. CR). combination of. ADES. and. a. is another test!g¢,93(CR). vector character font is sel ected, some differences must be taken into Because they cannot be account. vector characters are drawn as "graphics" beyond extend displayed outside the graphics region. Strings that the graphics region are c1ipped at the boundary. Also, vector characters are not drawn in a color; they are drawn against the background "cell" so there is no background of the graphics region.. When. a. fj,200!ATTribute. !VECtor. Several characteristics following commands. The. !C1Tal. !CVEctor. Defining. vector character. of the vector characters detailed in Appendix. are. ital icize. !CR0tate. 3. $Samp1e. can. be. modified. A:. and. Deleting. string?$(CR) by. the. user .. (. slant) vector characters specify the size of vector characters enable/disable proportional spacing rotate the axis along which vector characters specify vector character advance distance. ics. !CSCa1e !CPSpace. 4. 5.. 32!STR¡ng. User-Oef ined. Two. are disp1ayed. Fonts. fonts are reserved for defi n it ion by the user : a dot matr ix font and a Each symbol in these fonts can be individually vector character font. defined. Either of the standard dot matrix fonts can be "down1L3aded" to the user-defined An fon t font with the !F0Nt ccxmand for mocüfication of selected characters. y 2 number from 30 be used The can to to identi fy the user-defined font. fo11owing command downloads the standard ASCl i font into the user-def ined font: !F0Nt. 0,2(CR) 4-17.

(34) 4027. Mode. 124 the only difference desired in the new font is to change character par anet?rs to a box. The new symbol is defined with the !SYMbo1 command, with and the symbol background color, color, nimber, specifying the character font, binary value of each row of pixels in a character cell* (Figure 4-8): Suppose. !SYXbo1. 124,2,C7,C0,255,255,129,129,129,129,129,129,129,129,129,129,255,255(CR). font are defi ned with the vector character The parameter spec the character number. . and advance how two indicate horizontally before after far next parameters to (X,Y) pair of values 1ocates drawing the symbol. Each subsequent the endpoint A a draw symbol "64,64" indicates move or for that a to the a each The (X,Y) otherwise indicates following mov e follows; pa draw. command defines character pound symbol #35 as a (Figure 4-8): i n. Symbol s ! CVSyrnbol. user-defi. the. command. ned. ifies. first. The. (relative. origin).. ir British. !CVSymboi. 35t7¶794,-7,3,-8,2,-8,-2,-6,-4,-7,-2,-8,0,-7,0,6,. 2,8,4,6,64,64,-2,0,2,0(CR) The. !OF0nt. the user-defined as. a. For deletes a user-defined font. The user-def vector character font. deleted by specifying font y.. command. "font"). are. example, !DF0nt ined patterns. deletes also stored 33. (. (2 ,8). i--). j-. 255 :. 1. ng. 1. o. o. o. o. o. 1. R9. 1. O. O. O. O. O. 1. """. ng. 1. o. o. o. o. O. i. ". 1. O. O. O. O. O. 1. '. l. 1. O. O. O. O. O. 1. "". I. 1. 1. ]. 1. ]. 1. :{:¿¿:¿!:. 12f) 129. ng. 1. ng. 1. 129 129 129 255. o o. 1. O. O. O. O. 1. 1. O. O. O. O. O. 1. 1. O. O. O. O. O. 1. 1. 1. 1. o o. 1. o o. 1. o o. 1. 1. ). . ,' ). ! ). i. ) l. "(0,0}. 1'-,. l '. .:. I',. l. l. !. (-'.'-" $"')'"'1'. 1. i,; (-2. Sample. í. (2,0)'. J!,. ,-8). )) ". ?\. ". I"""). "'. :_. ! ',, i. '. l ). j. ". '. _. --. ). rrr" l'|. (-2,0): "" ) i. i :. ". l ). i. .". l " )""". 1. i. Figure 4-B,. i,j,í^j,,,,. I) ))"""-: y)jj-. """. o o lj. !. , l. :. :_. -'—. I' .. '<: ,)"Í— (2,-8). (3,-8). User-Oefined Characters;. 4027 character is defined in a 7—rD\Nf/8—co1unn character cell (row values 0-255); the enhanced terminal displays the character in a 7-row/8—co}LKnn are cell. If lSHRink D is selected, a dot matrix symbol is defined using 8 colunns (row values are 0—225). "'. A. 4—1. 8.

(35) 4027. 4.6. Either. the. workspace The on. GRAPHICS. ERASING FI and. AND. TEXT. CI-R or the Key Mode monitor renain defined.. key. function. clears the contents of the the parameters included with the camand: command. !ERAse. Mode. clears workspace. the entire. depend. or monitor,. the ing. workspace. !ERAse. \A(CR). clear. IERAse. M(CR). clear the contents of the monitor. the contents of the. screen;. erases the graphics region and leaves it Gwith a bl ack command, the is added to the !ERAse a color or pattern nunber background. if graphics region is cleared and filled with the specified color or pattern: The. G. !ERAse. command. !ERAse IERAse !ERAse. G(CR) G,C0(CR) G P6(CR). erase. fill fill. the graphics region (black) the graphics region solid white the graphics region with pattern. i'6. and leaves command clears the workspace it with no graphics region ! ERAse wi th no parameter, the source of the command defi ned. is entered if receives determinrs which part of the display is erased ( if the workspace text keyboard from !ERAse command from the workspace; if thr keyboard, an the erases the monitor receives text fran the host, an IERAse ccxmnand from the host erases the monitor, etc.). The. !ERAse. W. lndividua1 graphics elanents can be erased by redrawing them in the opposite erased in white {!C0Lor CO), Example: can be color. was drawn itgraphics if aC7 polygon a by enhzring !C0Lor and redrawing When e1aiient the polygon. crosses other graphics or text, erasing it can leave breaks in the ranaining elanentm i n re-entzring the opposi te col or . the characters ( in !ATTribute CO), it can be white characters if text. was entered in erased 5y changing to !ATTr ibute C7 and re-enter ing the characters whatever ( command) !STRing wi manner they were or iginal ly entered th the directly or . be erased without changing colors by wr iting over it with Text can sometimes This does not work if the background spaces. color of the text is not the sane i s Example: !ATTr ibute CO as the color of the area in which it is written. if and a be selected text is written inside white-filled polygon, characters will white within black charact2r cells. \jr iting spaces over them will leave the black character cells. 7). Text c an Exañplé:. e. erased. by. NOTE. with !ATTr ibute Text written Vrit.in'j over it with spaces may leaves protected spaces in which. 4.] 4o:. USING. GRAPHICS. INP'JT. MODE. i s selected protected . appear to erase it, but this graphics cannot be drawn. CO. (CROSSHAIR. CURSOR). j. Graphics input (GlN) Hode is used for interactive graphics appl ications in graphics coordinates must be transmitted to the host SYStX3ñ. GIN Mode is used to " ink" vectors between The crosshair operator-sel ected po ints. method be is the standard identifying transmitted points of cursor to or inked. which al 'mj. 4_1. 9.

(36) 4027. terminal displays the crosshair the enhanced The the operator to indicate a point in the displ ay. disabled: a GIN Mode for specic ntnber of points or until GIN. In. Mode. !ENAb1e(CR) 1O(CR). !ENAb1e. when GIN Mode is automatical I y terminated command i s !DlSab1e a been transmitted or. and waits fo r command enters. indefinitely. GIN Mode GIN Mode. Enábie Enable. cursor. !ENAble. Mode. for. 10. transmissions. the speci fled entered.. ntxnber. of points. has. four keyboard arrow keys move the crosshair; tapping an arrow key moves the down moves the crosshair pixel crosshair one at a time and holding it To transmit continuous7y. the coordinates of the crosshair, press any key that A is sent to the host in standard message transmits a character to the host. 4027 format: The. !DAT. 03,( character) ,(. coordinate) ,(. x. character) sent to the host Equivalent (ADE).. The. (. The. !. INK. enabled, graphics addition. ccxnmands ar e sending GIN messages ccxnmands enters GIN be11 , and leaves the. from key. 4.8. and. exec uted For host.. 1!INK. be a. is. an. statement. ASC. l l. Dec ima1. is When "inking" vector from the current ( in time a key is pressed. Mode. a. wi thout example,. Y!BEL1(CR). In addition enables inking of vectors in GIN Mode. to sending terminal automatical Íy draws a vector to the host, the enhanced the current graphics beam position to the crosshair location each time a is pressed.. !INK ccmnand GIN message. DISPLAYING. AND. REPORTING. STATUS. The !SYStat status functions are available in 4027 MODE. in ine (at message monitor the least six lines status five-l The !REPort available to view the entire status message). status message be sent to the host.. Two a. !DAT. CO);. Gl N Mode terminating or series of the following to the Mode, rings the selects the crosshair, enables inking, terminal waiting for the operator to select a point:. accepted. !ENAble!lNPut the. the. coordinate) ,(. command enables inking of vectors in GIN draws terminal automatically the enhanced bean position to the crosshair location each to sending the GIN message to the host).. Val id. The. in. y. 4-20. displays of monitor must canmand requests. command.