[PDF] Cours plateforme J2EE : comprendre les principes de developpement d'applications Web avec jee | Cours j2ee

(1)

La plate-forme J2EE :

Architecture et concepts

K.LAAROUSSI La plate-forme J2EE : Architecture et concepts

(2)

Objectifs du cours

¾ Définir la plate-forme J2EE et décrire ses composants ¾ Ecrire des applications Web utilisant les Servlet/JSP ¾ Accéder aux bases de donnees a partir des Servlets via JDBC ¾ Comprendre les problematique et les techniques de gestion

de session dans les Servlets

¾ Étendre les pages JSP en utilisant les Custom Tags ¾ Comprendre Le modele d’architecture MVC

¾ Comprendre les bases des EJB(Entreprises JavaBeans)

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(3)

¾ Introduction

¾ J2EE : Architecture et concepts ¾ Web Components : Servlet et JSP ¾ Le modèle MVC et le développement

d’applications Web ¾ Entreprise JavaBeans

Plan du cours ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(4)

Introduction

¾ Pré requis ¾ Rappels

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(5)

¾ Concepts de base de la programmation orientée objet ¾ Connaissance de base du langage Java (J2SDK) ¾ Connaissance de base du langage XML

¾ Connaissance de base du langage HTML

Introduction Pre-requis

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(6)

¾ Architectures multi tiers ¾ Le protocole HTTP

¾ Java et le développement d’applications web

Introduction Rappels

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(7)

¾ Applications standalone(monolithique) ¾ Architecture en couche ¾ Architecture 2-tiers ¾ Architecture 3-tiers ¾ Architecture multi-tiers Introduction/Rappels Architectures multi tiers

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(8)

Introduction/Rappels Le protocole HTTP

¾ Définitions ¾ La requête HTTP ¾ La Méthode de requête HTTP ¾ Exemple de réponse HTTP ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(9)

Introduction/Rappels Java et le développement d’applications web

¾ Java coté client

Développement d’Applet

Développement d’applications standalone ¾ Développement d’applications web avec Servlet/JSP

Pages HTML/Applet Navigateur Web Réseau Serveur Web Moteur de Servlet/JSP Serveur HTTP Base de donnees

Architecture Web (3 tiers) a base de Servlet/JSP ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(10)

J2EE : Architecture et concepts

¾ Qu’est ce que J2EE

¾ Concepts lies a la spécification J2EE ¾ Architecture logique de la plate-forme J2EE

¾ Types et conteneurs de composants d’applications J2EE ¾ Produits J2EE

¾ Services standard de la plate-forme J2EE

¾ Rôles définis par la specification de la plate-forme J2EE

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(11)

J2EE : Architecture et concepts

J2EE est une spécification qui définit les contrats entre applications et conteneur d’applications. Le conteneur d’applications étant l’environnement d’exécution qui fournit les services requis par les composants des applications qui y sont déployées

Objectifs de la plate-forme J2EE

Qu’est ce que J2EE

Definition

Haute disponibilité Sécurité Fiabilité

Réduction des coûts et de la complexité du développement multi-tiers Faciliter d’administration et de maintenance des applications

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(12)

Concepts lies a la specification J2EE

¾ J2EE Plate form

¾ J2EE Compatibility test suite ¾ J2EE Reference implementation ¾ J2EE BluPrints ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(13)

J2EE : Architecture et concepts/ Architecture logique

Web container Applet container J2SE EJB container J2SE Application client container J2SE J2SE Services standards JA X-R PC JA X R JM S JA F JM ai l JC A J AAS JT A JM X JD B C Services standards JA X-R PC JA X R JM S JA F JM ai l JC A J AAS JT A JM X JD B C JSP Servlet Base de données Applet Application Client EJB HTTP/ SSL Services standards JAX-RPC,JAXR, JMS, JMX, Mgmt RMI RMI HTTP/ SSL ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(14)

Composants d’applications J2EE

(J2EE applications components)

Application clients Applets Web components Enterprise JavaBeans(EJB)

Conteneurs et composants d’applications J2EE (containers and J2EE Applications components)

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(15)

Un Container est un composant qui fournit l’environnement d’exécution aux ‘J2EE applications components’ qui y sont déployés

Conteneurs et composants d’applications J2EE (containers and J2EE Applications components)

Definition

Qu’est ce qu’un Container doit offrir

Environement d’execution conforme a la specification J2SE Pouvoir analyser et interpréter le fichier de description de

déploiement (ce fichier défini par sa DTD)

Les APIs nécessaires aux applications components pour accéder aux services standard de la plate-forme J2EE

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(16)

Produit J2EE

Qu’est ce qu’un produit doit fournir Une implémentation des containers

Des outils pour le déploiement d’applications components D outils de management des applications déployées Support des services standard de la plate-forme J2EE

Quelle est la différence entre Produit J2EE, Serveur J2EE et Serveur d’application Exemples de produits J2EE

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(17)

Services standard de la plate-forme J2EE

HTTP/HTTPs JTA : Java Transaction API RMI-IIOP

Java IDL JDBC API

JMS : Java Message Service

JNDI :Java Naming Directory Interface

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(18)

Services standard de la plate-forme J2EE

JavaMail

JAF : JavaBeans Activation Framework JAXP : Java API for XML Parsing JCA : J2EE Connector Architecture

JAAS : Java Authentication and Autorisation Service Web Services

Management Deployment

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(19)

Rôles définis par la plate-forme J2EE

J2EE Product Provider Application Component Provider Application Assembler Deployer

System Administrator Tool Provider

System Component Provider

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(20)

Introduction a technologie Servlet

¾ Definitions

¾ Architecture d’applications web a base de Servlet ¾ Advantages des Servlets par rapport aux CGI ¾ Servlet : Comment ça fonctionne

¾ Exemple introductif ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(21)

Une Servlet est un programme Java s’executant au niveau dans un conteneur Web(Web container) qui genere du contenu dynamique.

Definitions

Les Servlets sont des objets bases sur l’API Java Servlet et permettant d’etendre les fonctionnalites d’un serveur HTTP.

Introduction a technologie Servlet Definitions ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(22)

Architecture d’applications web a base de Servlet

HTML/JavaScript Navigateur Web Réseau Servlet Container Servlet Request Response Serveur HTTP Contenu Statique HTTP HTTP

Introduction a technologie Servlet

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(23)

Advantages des Servlets vs CGI Introduction a technologie Servlet

Performance Portabilité Robustesse

Rapidité de développement Technologie largement utilisée

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(24)

Introduction a technologie Servlet/ Comment ça fonctionne

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __

(25)

Introduction a technologie Servlet

Exemple introductif ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __