CANADA 1970

(1)

OF CANADA 1970

Issued by the

ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON THE

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA

Printed in Canada

Ottawa, Canada

Second Printing

including all corrections

as of

1 April

1971

NRC No. 11246

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I.e Code national du batiment, ses supplements et les documents qui s'y ratta-chent sont disponibles en fran~ais. On peut se les procurer en s'adressant au Secretaire, Comite associe sur Ie Code national du batiment, Conseil national de recherches, Ottawa 7, Canada.

First Edition 1941 Second Edition 1953 Third Edition 1960 Fourth Edition 1965 Fifth Edition 1970

The National Building Code, its Supplements and associated documents may be obtained by writing to:

The Secretary,

Associate Committee on the National Building Code, National Research Council,

Ottawa 7, Canada.

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PREFACE

The National Building Code of Canada is produced and published by the National Research Council, through its Associate Committee on the National Building Code, as a service to the municipal, provincial and federal governments of Canada. It is written in the form of a Building Bylaw so as 'to facilitate its direct use by municipalities throughout Canada by local legal adoption or enactment, under the powers granted by the respective provincial Acts.

This is the Fifth Edition of the Code. It has been undergoing thorough revision during the last five years, since the Fourth Edition appeared in 1965. Previous Editions were published in 1960, 1953 and 1941. Preparations for the Sixth Edition will commence as soon as this Edition appears. In this way,

and with voluntary assistance of building experts from coast to coast, all coordinated by the Associate Committee, the Code is kept in pace with the rapid advance of modern building technology.

The Associate Committee on the National Building Code consists of about twenty-four Canadian citizens appointed by the Council for three-year terms. They sit as individuals and not as representatives of any organization. The major task of the Committee is to promote the uniformity of building regulations throughout Canada. Continued study and improvement to main-tain the National Building Code as a satisfactory document conmain-taining regu-lations which can be conveniently adopted or enacted for local use is the main part of the Committee's work.

The Associate Committee is generally representative of all major phases of building in Canada. Its direct responsibility, under the National Research Council, for the preparation and publication of the Code ensures the in-dependence of this document. The staff of the Council are responsible only for the necessary technical and secretarial work, all of which is done to the direction of the Associate Committee. This work is carried out within the National Research Council's Division of Building Research, to which are referred the many research problems that the use and revision of the Code are continually revealing. In this way, the most up-to-date information on building is made available for the use of the Associate Committee.

The Associate Committee is assisted in all the technical aspects of its work by a number of Standing Committees, each responsible for one major Part of the Code, or for one of the associated documents. They are listed in the following pages. Each Standing Committee is, similarly, made up of in-dividual experts in the respective fields of interest, aided by building officials, architects, engineers and contractors, all sharing their experience in the national interest. The use of climatic factors, summarized in Supplement No. 1 for local use in Part 1, ensures that the Code is a truly national docu-ment capable of application with appropriate adjustdocu-ment for climate through-out this country.

It will be noted that throughout the Code, with the exception of Part 9, metric equivalents of dimensions in foot-pound units have been added to the extent that has been possible (equivalents for dimensions in major tables ate the main omissions). These metric equivalents are included as approximations only and are not intended to have legal significance .. The Associate Commit-tee decided upon introducing this convenience, following the lead of the American Society for Testing and Materials (which now includes metric equivalents in all ASTM Standards), in the conviction that Canada would one day become a metric country. Just as this volume was being prepared for the

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press, the Government of Canada issued its White Paper on Metric Con· version (dated 16 January 1970) in which it is stated that the Government proposes two actions "in order to initiate the process of metric conversion in Canada" (p. 22). The Associate Committee is therefore confirmed in its deci-sion; it will do its best to extend the provision of metric equivalents in the Code and all associated documents as quickly as possible.

Comments, criticisms and suggestions for the improvement of the Code will always be welcomed by the Associate Committee. If received before 1 st September of any year, they will be in time for consideration in relation to the supplement of revisions that it is planned to issue annually when neces-sary. If those who use this document will thus cooperate with those who have worked toward its preparation and revision, the true national character of the Code will be maintained and strengthened and its development as a satisfac-tory set of desirable building regulations for use by municipalities, provinces and other agencies throughout Canada should steadily progress.

All communications with regard to the Code and its associated docu-ments should be addressed to:

The Secretary,

Associate Committee on the National Building Code, National Research Council,

Ottawa 7.

The use of this Code as a Building Bylaw in Canada is commended by the following organizations:

Association of Canadian Fire Marshals and Fire Commissioners Canadian Association of Fire Chiefs

Canadian Building Officials Association Canadian Construction Association

Canadian Federation of Mayors and Municipalities Canadian Home Manufacturers Association Canadian Labour Congress

Canadian Underwriters' Association Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation Factory Mutual Group

National House Builders Association

The Association of Consulting Engineers of Canada The Canadian Chamber of Commerce

The Canadian Councll of Professional Engineers The Engineering Institute of Canada

The Royal A~chitecturallnstitute of Canada

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)n-ent in :ci~ the Ide 1st to es-;ve

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A GUIDE TO THE

USE

OF THE CODE

This Code is drafted in the form of a Bylaw so that, with the addition of any necessary changes to Part 1: Administration, it may be adopted or enacted for legal use by any municipality in Canada. The arrangement of the Code is intended to facilitate its use and to permit its future revision without difficulty.

It is divided into nine Parts, each complete in itself with only a minimum of cross reference. Each Part is divided into Sections and Subsections which also are independent Subclauses of the main subjects covered in the Parts. Each Subsection is further subdivided into Articles.

A consistent numbering system has been used throughout the Code. The decimal system is used to indicate Parts (Part 3), Sections (Section 3.2), Sub-sections (Subsection 3.2.4.), and Articles (Articles 3.2.4.1.). A Sentence (Sen-tence 3.2.4.1.(1» which forms a part of an Article may be subdivided into Clauses indicated by (a), (b), etc., and these may be further subdivided into Subclauses indicated by (i), (ii).

Where it is necessary to refer to other Parts of the Code, the reference has been kept as short as possible. Where a reference is to Sentence (I), the reference is to Sentence (1) within the same Article.

A summary of the arrangement follows: Part 1: Administration

Part 1 contains those regulations that pertain to the efficient and effective application of the Code. In this Part are defined the powers. duties and re-sponsibilities of those concerned.

Part 2: Definitions

Throughout the Code certain words and phrases appear in italic type. These are the terms which, for purposes of this document, have been defined to ensure understanding of their intended meaning. The definitions of such terms are contained in Part 2. This Part also contains a list of abbreviated terms used throughout tlie Code.

Part 3: Use and Occupancy

This Part contains all those requirements that depend upon the use to which a building is put and its type of occupancy - requirements with respect to health hazards and fire safety. First comes the necessary interpretative material relating to occupancy classification and the more general features of fire protection. Sections then follow containing specific requirements relating to building size and occupancy and fire safety within floor areas; exit require-ments in the course of which such matters as flame spread and fire resistance are considered; emergency lighting and ventilation are also dealt with. A new feature of Part 3 in this Edition is a section dealing with fires in tall buildings. So important is Part 3 in the actual use of the Code as a Building Bylaw that a special memorandum of explanation has been prepared. This is avail-able as Supplement No.3 to the Code.

Part 4: Design

This Part is made up of eight Sections. The first (4.1) deals with the loads to be used in design calculations and the methods of design to be fol-lowed. Section 4.2 regulates foundation design and construction. The other Sections (4.3 to 4.8) deal with design in wood, masonry, concrete, steel and

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tion [ or : of ,ion urn tich rts. :he llb- en-lto lto Ice he ve 'e-e. :d :h :d o :t e f ~

tect it from the weather. Sections 4.3 to 4.7 contain only short performance requirements, referring to the design methods outlined in detail in other documents such as CSA Standards. As a matter of convenience, all these documents are printed in Supplement No.4 to the Code. It is, therefore, a complete "Manual of Structural Design" and forms a companion document to the Code itself. This is a new arrangement in this Fifth Edition of the Code. The Associate Committee will welcome comments on the convenience of this arrangement, for their guidance in the preparation of future editions. Part 5: Materials

This is a short Part but it includes the important Clause which permits the use of other materials than those called up if equivalency can be shown. It contains a listing of all Standards for materials to which reference is made in other Parts of the Code. Some of these Standards are printed in full in

Canadian Standards in Building Codes, and ASTM Standards in Building

Codes, two volumes that are specially published for the convenience of build-ing officials. Inquiries concernbuild-ing these volumes should be sent to the Sec-retary of the Associate Committee in Ottawa.

Part 6: Building Services

This Part includes the regulations for designing heating, ventilating, ele-vator and other service equipment so that it may function efficiently without creating a hazard. These are mainly installation requirements. Corresponding requirements relating to fire safety as determined by the occupancy of the building, are to be found in Part 3.

Part 7: Plumbing

Although plumbing is a service that could be classified under Building Services, the prominence and extent of its regulations warrant separate treat-ment. Size and quality of fixtures are dealt with, followed by requirements for pipes and fittings necessary to these fixtures. This Part has been reprinted, in pamphlet form, as a convenience to plumbing officials throughout Canada, as the Canadian Plumbing Code. This ancillary Code contains all the ex-planatory sketches that were published in Supplement No.4, to the 1965 Code and additional useful material, making it as complete a document as possible for the regulation of plumbing installations in buildings.

Part 8: Construction Safety Measures

The full title of this Part is "Construction Safety Measures Pu"lic Safety at Construction Sites". It is quite short, dealing as it does only with those precautions on construction work that must be taken to protect the safety of the public in the vicinity of construction sites. Complete details of all the main requirements for safety on construction, for the public and work-men alike, will be found in the Canadian Construction Safety Code, also published by the Associate Committee in pamphlet form.

Part 9: Housing and SmalI Buildings

This Part is a detailed set of requirements for the construction of houses and small buildings, up to 6,000 square feet per floor and three storeys in height - what may be colloquially called "non-engineered buildings:' The Part applies to all occupancies except Assembly, Institutional and High Hazard Industrial. Instead of being merely a performance standard, as in the Fourth Edition of the Code, this Part now includes all the essential material that previously appeared in Residential Standards (the old Supplement No.5) together with other material that was used in the Short Form of the Code to make it applicable for use in small municipalities. Part 9 is therefore a

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plete treatment of most small buildings, with the necessary provision for the approval, by the authority having jurisdiction, of alternatives to the specific construction requirements set out in this Part. It will be found to be identical in technical content with the new Short Form, with the main part of the new

Residential Standards (which contains some additional material required by Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation) and with the Building Code for

the North (which contains also some special requirements for building in the far north of this country). The Associate Committee anticipates that Part 9 will be used generally in the form of the Short Form but its inclusion as a Part of the Code will make its requirements mandatory when the Code is adopted for legal use as a Building Bylaw, this change having been widely requested after the appearance of the Fourth Edition of the Code.

SUPPLEMENTS

The following documents are published by the Associate Committee as Supplements to the Code but they do not form a legal part of it when it is adopted for local use.

Supplement No.1: Climatic Information for Building Design in Canada

This contains information regarding climatic loads to be expected in all parts of Canada.

Supplement No.2: Fire Performance Ratings

This provides a guide to the determination of the fire resistance ratings of materials and constructions in relation to the provisions of the Code. Supplement No.3: Commentary on Part 3

As noted above (under Part 3) this special commentary has been prepared to explain, in detail, the provisions of Part 3, the reasons for the main groups of requirements and their application in practice.

Supplement No.4: Canadian Structural Design Manual

This volume (which is the main "companion volume" to the Code) is a complete guide to requirements for structural design in Canada. It includes the entire Part 4 of the Code on colored paper and gives in full the referenced documents for Sections 4.3, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7, together with other useful infor-mation that may be needed by structural designers in their work. It also incorporates the material contained in Supplement No.3, "Structural Infor-mation for Building Design in Canada" issued with the 1965 NBC. Supplement No.5: Building Standards for the Handicapped

This short, but important, Supplement is well described by its title. Whenever provision must be made for the use,of buildings by handicapped persons, then the provisions of this Supplement should be used. It now in-cludes requirements for residential construction and so can be used in associa-tion with Part 9.

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r the ~ific tical new I by , fOT the rt9 tsa e is lely as is Ill] gs d IS ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS

The Associate Committee on the National Building Code publishes also the following associated documents, all of which have been mentioned in the foregoing notes which show how inter·related all these documents are with the Code itself:

*The National Building Code of Canada 1970 - A Short Form Canadian Code for Residential Construction 1970

(Residential Standards)

*Building Code for the North 1970 Canadian Code for Farm Buildings 1970 (Farm Building Standards)

*Canadian Plumbing Code 1970

*Canadian Construction Safety Code 1970 Canadian Standards in Building Codes 1970

*Those documents marked with an asterisk are published, for convenience in use, as pocket size pamphlets.

ENQUIRIES

All enquiries with regard to the documents listed, and with regard to the content of the Code itself, the Supplements and associated documents, should be addressed to:

The Secretary,

Associate Committee on the National Building Code, National Research Council of Canada,

Ottawa 7, Canada.

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THE ASSOCIATE COMMITIEE ON THE

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA

and

STANDING COMMITIEES

1968·1970

ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE

R. F. Legget (Chairman) D. C. Beam* J. D. Beaty R. A. Bird S. D. C. Chutter W. G. Connelly R. F. DeGrace

H. B. Dickens (Vice Chairman) A. F. Duffus J. J. Dussault W. R. Edmonds* H. Elder J. L. Jolicoeur H. A. Lawless

R. S. Ferguson (Research Advisor)

• Deceased G. C. Lount I. Maclennan D. A. Matheson H. H. G. Moody A. T.Muir L. P. Picard K. R. Rybka S. A. Sasso* R. A. W. Switzer I. Campbell (ex officio) C. D. Carruthers (ex officio) P. Dobush (ex officio) C. G. E. Downing (ex officio) T. R. Durley (ex officio) L. A. Kay (ex officio) 1. M. Robertson (Secretary)

STANDING COMMITTEE ON USE AND OCCUPANCY

T. R. Durley (Chairman) D. M. Baird D. C. Beam* G. H. Brundige H. D. Collins J. C. Dodd J. P. C. Elson J. R. Emery R. V. Hebert K. Izumi

R. S. Ferguson (Research Advisor) M. Galbreath (Research Advisor)

... Deceased A. J. James D.F.McLean J. D. McNairnay R. L. Montador G. W. Peck G. B. Pope J. G. Reid J. J. Ruane C. R. Thomson R. C. Wilson R. Young J. J. Shaver (Secretary)

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..

Revision Committee on Use and Occupancy

R. V. Hebert (Chairman) D.M. Baird D. C. Beam* G. H. Brundige T. R. Durley 1. P. C. Elson

R. S. Ferguson (Research Advisor) M. Galbreath (Research Advisor) * Deceased

A. T. Hansen (Part 9 Liaison) A. J. James J. D. McNairnay R. L. Montador N. S. Pearce J. J. Ruane C. R. Thomson Y. Uzumeri J. J. Shaver (Secretary) Task Group,

Safety in High Rise Buildings, U. and O.

C. R. Thomson (Chairman) J. P. C. Elson

G. H. Fleming

R. S. Ferguson (Research Advisor) M. Galbreath (Research Advisor)

E. S. Hornby R. Menkes G. W. Peck

J. J. Shaver (Secretary)

STANDING COMMITTEE ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN

C. D. Carruthers (Chairman) N. Aylon 1. F. Cutler R. F. DeGrace R.H.Dunn H. Q. Golder M. W. Huggins D. J. L. Kennedy H. Koschitzky P. E. Lesperance J. Longworth D. Boyd (Observer) D. J. MacMillan S.J.Mazur R. N. McManus J. H. McNaughton P. T. Mikluchin O. Safir J. Stonehewer D. L. Tarlton W. C. Viner H. T. Work D. T. Wright

W. R. Schriever (Research Advisor) J. M. Robertson (Secretary)

Subcommittee on Structural Loads and Procedures

J. Longworth (Chairman) A. G. Davenport P. E. Lesperance S.l. Mazur O. Safir D. T. Wright W. R. Schriever (Secretary)

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Subcommittee on Foundations

H. Q. Golder (Chairman) A. H. Atkinson

N.Aylon T. J. Granton

K. N. Burn (Research Advisor)

W. E. Lardner J. Marshall C. F. Ripley A. G. Stermac W. C. Viner J. P. Vezina (Secretary)

Subcommittee on Plain and Reinforced Masonry

P. T. Mikluchin (Chairman) J. F. Cutler

R.H.Dunn

R. Primeau L. D. Roberts

T. Ritchie (Research Advisqr) W. G. Plewes (Research Advisor) J. M. Robertson (Secretary)

Subcommittee on Cladding

D. J. MacMillan (Chairman) R. V. Hebert

J. R. Beale H. Koschitzky

J. F. Cutler J. Emery

R. DesRoches J. Stonehewer

D. L. Tarlton A. T. Hansen (Research Advisor)

J. M. Robertson (Secretary)

JOINT CSA/NBC COMMITTEE ON REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN MAIN COMMITTEE R. N. McManus (Chairman) L. H. Bush T. A. Crosier D. M. Curzon T. DeVroom A. B. Dove R. H.Dunn E. J. Grant W. N. Hasegawa W. R. Ball L. Bohlman S. Borgford J. Bradstock L.H. Bush T. A. Crosier D.M.Curzon T.DeVroom B. A. Hesketh H. W. Hopkins M. W. Huggins J. G. MacGregor G. E. Munro P. Roberge

K. Sidwell (ex officio) J. W. Strzelecki W. G. Plewes (Secretary) Subcommittee J. Jablonsky J. G. MacGregor J. H. McCalla R. H. B. McLaughlin R. N. McManus D. R. Morris G. Morris G. A. Morrison

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Subcommittees (cont'd) A. B.Dove R. Dorton J. Dudra R.H.Dunn V. C. Fenton R. M. Francis E. J. Grant B. A. Hesketh H. W. Hopkins C. Howard M. W. Huggins G.E.Munro W. G. Plewes H. S. Ragan P. Reimer P. Roberge S. H. Simmonds J. Springfield J. Warwaruk C. E. Welsh A. Williams M. Uzumeri

STANDING COMMITTEE ON BUILDING SERVICES L. A. Kay (Chairman) G. F. Anderson V. S. Baker D. Boyd (Observer) R. B. Bowser A. J. Cameron D.M.Dymond J. P. C. Elson W. L. Garvin H. T.Jones H. E.Jordon

A. D. Kent (Research Advisor)

P. E. Kent T. W.Lane C. J. McConnell A. W. McIntyre E. J. Papik A. J. Rowe-Sleeman J.A.Roy O. H. Smith C. R. Stonehouse D. H. Waller W. B. Watson J. M. Robertson (Secretary) Revision Committee on Building Services H. T. Jones (Chairman) G. F. Anderson W. Clark D.M.Dymond J. P. C. Elson W. L. Garvin H. E.Jordon C. J. McConnell

.Alternates for H. T. Jones

A. W. McIntyre E.J. Papik A. J. Rowe-Sleeman L. C. West· A.E. Wood·

A. D. Kent (Research Advisor) J. J. Shaver (Secretary)

Revision Committee on Plumbing Services V. S. Baker (Chairman) M. Bolduc W. Delamare T. Dixon L.A.Kay P. E.Kent T. W.Lane A. W. McIntyre T. Pellow

A. D. Kent (Research Advisor) J. M. Robertson (Secretary)

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STANDING COMMITTEE ON CONSTRUCTION SAFETY MEASURES

R. A. Bird (Chairman) M. E. Campbell J. M. C. Clarke J. T. Gregg G. J. Lapointe R. Litster J. McNair T. C. Morgan J. L. Richards

J. K. Latta (Research Advisor)

G. J. Samson J. Sangster J. L. Sisk G. V. Smyth P. Sorokan D. S. Walker G. B. Williams H. Wright

J. W. Sawers (Assistant Secretary) J. M. Robertson (Secretary)

STANDING COMMITTEE ON RESIDENTIAL STANDARDS

P. Dobush (Chairman) G.Adams W.Cannon W. G. Connelly R. Davidson A. E. Diamond M. G.Dixon M. A. Donolo P. Gaboury S. A. Gitterman D. E. Kennedy C. Langlois

A. T. Hansen (Research Advisor)

J. M. Leitch (Mrs.) C. J. McConnell A. W. McIntyre R.H.Milne T. C. Morgan A. T.Muir H. M. Nijssen B. E. Nixon E. F. Osborne R. T. Ryan S. A. Shepherd L. S. Walker H. T. Work J. P. Vezina (Secretary)

FIRE TEST BOARD

N. B. Hutcheon (Chairman) J. E. Breeze F. W. King (Observer) W. J. MacNeill G. B. Pope J. J. Ruane E. F. Tabisz (Observer) R. C. Wilson G. W. Shorter (Observer) M. Galbreath (Secretary)

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STANDING COMMITTEE ON

BUILDING STANDARDS FOR THE HANDICAPPED

I. Campbell (Chairman) B. R. Brown P.Cameron K. B. Davison M.G. Dixon J. Dottridge (Mrs.) R. Dudley (Miss) F. Howard (Miss) D. W. Jonsson L. Lander (Miss) A.T.Mann G. W. Peck M. Pine L. C. Smith (Mrs.) W. B. Watson M. E. Whitridge (Mrs.) J. P. Vezina (Secretary, 1968) J. W. Sawers (Secretary) STANDING COMMITTEE ON FARM BUILDING STANDARDS

C. G. E. Downing (Chairman) J. R. Beale J. E. Brubaker J. A. Choiniere L. A. Donaghue E. L. Fowler H. L. Isabelle D. E. Kennedy G.P.Koens

D. A. Lutes (Research Advisor)

1. McClenaghan J. E. Moles E. B. Moysey J. A. Roberts L. M. Staley F. H. Theakston A. Thorimbert J. E. Turnbull J. P. Vezina (Secretary, 1968) J. W. Sawers (Secretary)

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NATIONAL

BUILDING

CODE

OF

CANADA

1970

PART 1 ADMI N ISTRA TION

Section 1.1

Section 1.2

Section 1.3

Section 1.4

Section 1.5

Section 1.6

Section 1.7

Section 1.8

Section 1.9

Section 1.1 0

Section 1.11

Section 1.12

Section 1.13

Section 1.14

Section 1. 15

Section 1. 16

Section 1.17

Section 1.18

Short Title . . . . . .

Purpose ... .

Scope ... .

Application ... .

Prohibition ... ... .

Referenced Documents . . .

Duties of the Authority Having Jurisdiction ..

Powers of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

Permits ... .

Responsibility of the Owner. . . . . . .

Duties of the Owner. . . . . .

Documents on the Site. . . . .. .... .

Equivalents ... ... .

Tests ...

. ... .

Board of Appeal. . . . . . .

Penalties ... . ... .

Effective Date . . .

. . .

Climatic Data ... .

3 3 3

3

4 4

5

5 5

6

7 7 7 7 8 8 8

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BYLAW NUMBER ... .

tWHEREAS The ... .. ... . ... Act provides that a Municipal Council may by Bylaw regulate the erection and provide for the safety of buildings.

THEREFORE the Municipal Council of the Corporation of the ... . . . . of . . . .. ... ... enacts as follows:

PART 1 ADMINISTRATION

SECTION 1.1

SHORT TITLE

SUBSECTION 1.1.1. This Bylaw may be cited as "The Building Bylaw!'

SECTION 1.2 PURPOSE

SUBSECTION 1.2.1. It is the purpose of this Bylaw to safeguard life or limb, health, property and public welfare with respect to the design, construction and alteration of buildings* by the provision of appropriate minimum standards.

SECTION 1.3

SCOPE

SUBSECTION 1.3.1. Parts 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 of this Bylaw apply to all

build-ings.

SUBSECTION 1.3.2. Parts 3,4 and 6 of this Bylaw apply to:

(a) all buildings used for Assembly, Institutional, and High Hazard In-dustrialOccupancies,

(b) all buildings exceeding 6000 square feet (558 square meters) in building area or exceeding 3 storeys in building height used for Residential, Business and Personal Services, Mercantile and Medium and Low Hazard Industrial Occupancies.

SUBSECTION 1.3.3. Part 9 of this Bylaw applies to buildings 3 storeys or less in height, having a building area not exceeding 6000 square feet (558 square meters) and which are used for Residential, Business and Personal Service, Mercantile, and Medium and Low Hazard Industrial Occupancies.

SUBSECTION 1.3.4. This Bylaw does not apply to farm buildings other than those used as residences.

(The Canadian Code for Farm Buildings also issued by the Associate Committee on the National Building Code provides standards and other useful information tor these apecial farm buildiDf{8 and is based on elements ot the National Building Code..)

SECTION 1.4 APPLICATION

SUBSECTION 1.4.1. The application of this Bylaw shall be in accordance with Subsections 1.4.2. to 1.4.7. inclusive subject in every case to the over-all limitations set out in Section 1.3.

tTbis preamble relates the Bylaw to enabling leeislation and should be adjusted to

conform to the powers delegated to the Municipality.

·Words that appear in italics are defined in Part 2 of this Bylaw.

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SUBSECTION 1.4.2. When a building is built, this Bylaw applies to the design and construction of the building.

SUBSECTION 1.4.3. When the whole or any part of a building is demolished this Bylaw applies to any part remaining and to the work involved in the demolition.

SUBSECTION 1.4.4. When the whole or any part of a building is moved either within or into a municipality this Bylaw applies to all parts of the

building.

SUBSECTION 1.4.5. When a building is altered this Bylaw applies to the whole building except that the Bylaw may apply only to part of the building

if that part is completely self-contained with respect to the facilities and safety measures required by this Bylaw.

SUBSECTION 1.4.6. When the occupancy of a building is changed this By-law applies to all parts of the building affected by the change.

SUBSECTION 1.4.7. When materials and equipment regulated by this Bylaw are replaced or altered in a building this Bylaw applies to all such replace-ments and alterations.

SECTION 1.5 PROHmITION

SUBSECTION 1.5.1. No part of the work referred to in Section 1.4 for which part a permit is required by this Bylaw, shall be started or continued unless the owner has obtained a building permit to carry out that part of the work. SUBSECTION 1.5.2. No part of the work referred to in Section 1.4 in re-spect of which a permit is required under any other Bylaw shall be started or continued unless the owner has obtained a permit under that Bylaw.

SECTION 1.6 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

SUBSECTION 1.6.1. When detailed technical information regarding ma-terials, equipment and methods of structural design is necessary to ensure their compliance with the performance requirements of this Bylaw reference is made in the text to the specific edition of an appropriate technical standard issued by a recognized standards organization. This Bylaw therefore includes as a part of its provisions these referenced documents to the extent that they relate to buildings.

SUBSECTION 1.6.Z. In the case of any conflict between the provisions of this Bylaw and those of any referenced document the provisions of this Bylaw will always take precedence. Provincial regulations respecting building take precedence over this Bylaw.

Note: Supplements 1. 2. 3. " and 5 which are published in association with this Bylaw

contain technical information that will assist in the effective use of these re&'Ula-tions but they do not constitute a part of the Bylaw.

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the led :he ed he Ile '1.g ty w

SECTION 1.7 DUTIES OF THE AUTHORITY

HAVING JURISDICTION

SUBSECTION 1.7.1. The authority having jurisdiction shall (a) administer this Bylaw, and

(b) keep records of all applications received, permits and orders issued, inspections and tests made, and shall retain copies of all papers and documents connected with the administration of this Bylaw, which will form part of the public records.

SECTION 1.8 POWERS OF THE AUTHORITY

HAVING JURISDICTION

SUBSECTION 1.8.1. The authority having jurisdiction may

(a) enter any building or premises at any reasonable time for the purpose of administering or enforcing this Bylaw;

(b) cause a written notice to be delivered to the owner of any property directing him to correct any condition where, in the opinion of the

authority having jurisdiction, that condition constitutes a violation of this Bylaw;

(c) order the owner to stop work on the building if it is proceeding in con-travention of this Bylaw or if it is deemed to be in an unsafe condition; (d) direct that tests of materials, devices, construction methods, structural assemblies or foundation conditions be made, or sufficient evidence or proof be submitted, at the expense of the owner, where such evidence or proof is necessary to determine whether the material, device, con-struction or foundation condition meets the requirements of this Bylaw;

(e) revoke or refuse to issue a permit where in its opinion the results of tests referred to in Clause (d) are not satisfactory;

(f) order the removal of any building erected or placed in violation of this Bylaw.

SECTION 1.9 PERMITS

SUBSECTION 1.9.1. Subject to Subsections 1.9.2. and 1.9.4. and Clause 1.8.1.(d), where

(a) an application has been made, and

(b) the proposed work set out in the application conforms with this Bylaw and aU other applicable Bylaws,

the authority having jurisdiction shall issue the permit for which the applica-tion is made.

SUBSECTION 1.9.2. Every permit is issued upon

(a) the condition that construction is to be started within 6 months from the date of issuing the permit;

(b) the condition that construction is not to be discontinued or suspended for a period of more than one year.

SUBSECTION 1.9.3. The application referred to in Subsection 1.9.1. shall (a) be made in the form prescribed by the authority having jurisdiction; (b) be signed by the applicant;

( c) state the intended use of the building;

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(d) include copies in duplicate of the specifications and scale drawings of the building with respect to which the work is to be carried out showing (i) the dimensions of the building,

(ii) the proposed use of each room or floor area,

(iii) the dimensions of the land on which the building is, or is to be, situated,

(iv) the grades of the streets and sewers abutting the land referred to in Subclause (iii),

(v) the position, height and horizontal dimensions of all buildings on the land referred to in Subclause (iii),

(vi) an up-to-date survey of the building site by a registered provincial surveyor,

(vii) the technical information specified in other Parts of this Bylaw required to be included on the drawings relating to those Parts, and (viii) such other information as is necessary to illustPate all essential

features of the design of the building; and

( e) contain any and all other information necessary to establish com-pliance with this Bylaw or as required by the authority having

juris-diction.

SUBSECTION 1.9.4. The authority having jurisdiction may revoke a permit where there is a violation of:

(a) any condition under which the permit was issued, or (b) any provision of this Bylaw.

SECTION 1.10 RESPONSIBILITY OF THE

OWNER

SUBSECTION 1.10.1. Neither the granting of a permit nor the approval of the drawings and specifications nor inspections made by the authority having

jurisdiction shall in any way relieve the owner of such building from full

responsibility for carrying out the work or having the work carried out in accordance with the requirements of this Bylaw. No work shall be started before the issue of the necessary permit referred to in Subsection 1.9.1.

SECTION 1.11 DUTIES OF THE OWNER

SUBSECTION 1.11.1. Every owner of property shall:

(a) permit the authority having jurisdiction to enter any building or prem-ises at any reasonable time for the purpose of administering or enforc-ing this Bylaw;

(b) obtain, where applicable, from the appropriate authority having

juris-diction, permits relating to building, zoning, grades, sewers, water

mains, plumbing, signs, blasting, street occupancy, electricity, high-ways, and all other permits required in connection with the proposed work;

(c) give at least 48 hours' notice to the authority having jurisdiction of the intention to start work on the building site;

(d) give notice to the authority having jurisdiction

(i) at least 24 hours before a foundation wall below ground level is to be placed and before any backfilling of the excavation is to be carried out, and

(ii) as may otherwise be required by this Bylaw;

( e) give written notice to the authority having jurisdiction within 30 days

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s of fing be, )in on :ial aw lnd tial

m-

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(f) obtain an occupancy permit from the authority having jurisdiction prior to any

(i) occupancy of a building or part thereof after construction, wrecking or alteration of that building or part, or

(ii) change in the class of occupancy of any building or part thereof. SUBSECTION 1.11.2. Where tests of any materials are made to ensure con-formity with the requirements of this Bylaw, records of the test results shall be kept available for inspection during the construction of the building and for such a period thereafter as required by the authority having jurisdiction.

SECTION 1.12 DOCUMENTS ON THE SITE

SUBSECTION 1.12.1. The owner to whom a permit is issued shall, during construction, keep

(a) posted in a conspicuous place on the property in respect of which the

permit was issued a copy of the building permit or a poster or placard 10 lieu thereof, and

(b) a copy of the approved drawings and specifications referred to in Clause 1.9.3.(d) on the property in respect of which the permit was issued.

SECTION 1.13 EQUIVALENTS

SUBSECTION 1.13.1. The provisions of this Bylaw are not intended to limit the appropriate use of materials, equipment or methods of construction not specifically authorized herein. Any owner desirous of providing an equivalent for one or more of the regulations of this Bylaw shall submit to the authority

having jurisdiction sufficient evidence to satisfy the appropriate authority that the proposed equivalent will provide the level of performance required by this Bylaw.

SECTION 1.14 TESTS

SUBSECTION 1.14.1. To the extent that is possible all tests required by the

authority having jurisdiction shall be carried out in accordance with recog-nized standard test methods. In the absence of such standard test methods the authority having jurisdiction may specify the test procedure to be fol-lowed. Copies of the results of all such tests shall be retained by the authority

having jurisdiction after construction is complete and shall form part of the public records.

SECTION 1.15 BOARD OF APPEAL

SUBSECTION 1.15.1. A Board of Appeal may be appointed by the authority

having jurisdiction to:

(a) hear appeals from any ruling or direction by the authority having

juris-diction pursuant to the provisions of this Bylaw,

(b) decide if materials and types of construction other than those required by this Bylaw are equivalent thereto.

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SUBSECTION 1.15.2. An appeal against the ruling or direction of the

authority having jurisdiction may be submitted to the Board of Appeal by a person who,

(a) has applied under the provisions of this Bylaw for a permit which has not been granted,

(b) has had a building permit revoked, or

(c) feels himself adversely affected by a decision of the authority having

jurisdiction.

SECTION 1.16 PENALTIES

SUBSECTION 1.16.1. Any person who violates any provision of this Bylaw is guilty of an offence and is liable, on summary conviction to a fine of not less than $. . . ... and not exceeding $. . .

SECTION 1.17 EFFECTIVE DATE

SUBSECTION 1.17.1. This Bylaw shall come into effect ... days after passing and where required after approval by the appropriate provincial authority. Any work carried out under the terms of this Bylaw after its ap-proval but before its effective date must comply in every respect with this Bylaw.

SECTION 1.18 CLIMATIC DATA

SUBSECTION 1.18.1. When climatic data are required for the design of

buildings in this municipality, they shall be the data provided by Table 1.tS.1.A. when the appropriate climatic figures have been entered by the

authority having jurisdiction.

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the by a l has ving 'law not ~ter :ial ap-his of ,Ie he Table 1.IS.I.A.

Forming part of Subsection 1.18.1.

CLIMATIC DATA FOR THE

MUNICIPALITY

OF _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_

1. January 2

Yz

per cent Design Tem-perature (OF.) ... . 2. January 1 per cent Design Tem-perature (OF.) ... . 3. July 2

Yz

per cent Design Drybulb Temp. COF.) ... . 4. July

2Y2

per cent Design Wetbulb Temp. (OF.) ... . 5. Annual Total Degree-days below 65° F ... . 6. Maximum Fifteen-minute

Rain-fall (in.) ... . 7. Maximum One-day Rainfall (in.) 8. Annual Total Precipitation (in.). 9. Maximum Snow Load on the

Ground (lb. per sq. ft.) ... . 10. Wind Effects: Probability 1/10 .. . Probability 1/30 .. . Probability 1/100 .. 11. Earthquake R-factor ... . Apply to Code Requirement 6.2.3.2. 6.2.3.2. 6.2.3.2. 6.2.3.2. 7.4.11.5. 4.1.5.5.(1) 4.1.5.1. 4.1.6.1.(3) 4.1.6.1.(3) 4.1.6.1.(3) 4.1.7.1.(4) Note: The above TabJe has been provided for recording the values of major

climate factors that affect building for each municipality using the Code. These values may be obtained for any municipality from Sup-plement No.1 to the National Building Code or by writing to the Secretary, Associate Committee on the National Building Code, c/o the National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada.

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NATIONAL BUILDING

CODE

OF

CANADA

1970

PART 2 DEFINITIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 2.1

Definitions of Words and Phrases. . . . ..

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PART 2 DEFINITIONS

SECTION 2.1 DEFINITIONS OF WORDS

AND PHRASES

SUBSECTION 2.1.1. GENERAL

2.1.1.1. The words and terms in italics in this Bylaw shall have the meanings assigned to them in this Part.

2.1.1.2. For definitions of words used in this Bylaw that are not included in this Part, reference should be made to a standard dictionary such as "Web-ster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)."

Access to exit· (see exit, access to).

Adfreezing means the adhesion of wet soil to a foundation unit caused

by freezing at the contact surface. (Also referred to as "frost grip.")

A ir gap means the vertical distance between the lowest point of a water

supply outlet and the flood level rim of the fixture or device into which the outlet discharges.

Air-supported structure means a structure consisting of a pliable

mem-brane which achieves and maintains its shape and support by internal air pressure.

Alloyed zinc means an alloy of zinc having the corrosion resistance and

physical properties of an alloy containing 0.15 per cent titanium, 0.74 per cent copper and 99.11 per cent zinc and so tempered as to be capable of being formed into the shape required for a watertight joint.

A Iteration (as applying to a building) means a change from one major occupancy class or division to another, or a structural change such

as an addition to the area or height, or the removal of part of a

building, or any change to the structure such as the construction of,

cutting into or removal of any wall, partition, column, beam, joist, floor or other support, or a change to or closing of any required

means of egress or a change to the fixtures, equipment, cladding or

trim where they are regulated by this Bylaw.

Appliance (as applying to heating and cooling systems) means a device

to convert fuel into energy, and includes all components, controls, wiring and piping required to be part of the device by the applicable standard referred to in this Bylaw.

Appliance (as applying to plumbing systems) means a receptacle or

equipment that receives or collects water, liquids or sewage and discharges water, liquids or sewage either directly or indirectly to a

plumbing system.

Appropriate authority having jurisdiction means the departments of the

provincial governments and agents thereof that have authority over the subject that is regulated.

Approved means approved by the authority having jurisdiction or the appropriate authority having jurisdiction.

Assembly occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building, or part

thereof, by a gathering of persons for civic, pOlitical, travel, reli-gious, social, educational, recreational, or like purposes, or for the consumption of food or drink.

Attic or roof space means the space between the roof and the ceiling of

the top storey or between a dwarf wall and a sloping roof.

A uthority having jurisdiction means the municipal council and the agent

thereof that have authority over the subject that is regulated .

• Words that appear in italics are defined in this Part of this Bylaw.

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Bachelor dwelling unit means a dwelling unit for 1 or 2 adults with or without 1 bedroom.

Back-siphonage means the flow-back of water from a plumbing fixture or vessel or other source into a water supply pipe due to negative pressure in such pipe.

Back-siphonage preventer (or vacuum breaker) means a device that is installed in a water supply system to prevent flow-back into the system when the pressure in the system is less than atmospheric.

Backflow means the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or sub-stances into the distributing pipes of a supply of potable water from any source other than its intended source and may be produced by the differential pressure existing between two systems either or both of which are at pressures greater than atmospheric.

Backflow connection means any connection or condition that may permit

back-flow.

Backflow preventer means a device or a method to prevent backflow caused by gravity or back pressure into a potable water supply.

Balustrade means a protective barrier that acts as a guard around open-ings in floors or at the open sides of stairs, landopen-ings, balconies,

mezzanines, galleries, raised walkways, or other locations to prevent accidental falls from one level to another. Such barrier mayor may not have openings through it.

Bearing surface means the contact surface between a foundation unit and the soil or rock upon which it bears.

Boiler means an appliance intended to supply hot water or steam for space heating, processing or power purposes.

Branch (as applying to plumbing sys.tems) means a soil-or-waste pipe located in 1 storey, connected at its upstream end to the junction of 2 or more soil-or-waste pipes or to a soil-or-waste stack, and connected at its downstream end to another branch, a soil-or-waste

stack or a building drain.

Branch vent (as applying to plumbing systems) means a vent pipe that is connected at its lower end to the junction of 2 or more vent pipes and is connected at its upper end either to a stack vent, vent stack or header, or is terminated in open air.

Breeching means a flue pipe or chamber for receiving flue gases from 1 or more flue connections and for discharging these gases through a single flue connection.

Building means any structure used or intended for supporting or shelter-ing any use or occupancy.

Building area means the greatest horizontal area of a bUilding above

grade within the outside surface of exterior walls, or within the outside surface of exterior walls and the centre line of /irewalls.

Building drain means that part of the lowest horizontal piping that con-ducts sewage, clear-water waste or storm water to a building sewer.

Building face, exposing (see exposing building face).

Building height (in storeys) means the number of storeys contained between the roof and the floor of the first storey.

Building sewer means a pipe that is connected to a building drain 3 feet outside a wall of a building and that leads to a public sewer or

private sewage disposal system.

Building subdrain means that part of a drainage system that cannot drain by gravity into the building sewer.

Building-trap means a trap that is installed in a building drain or building

sewer to prevent circulation of air between a d,ainage system and a

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s with or tlg fixture , negative ;e that is into the lospheric. I or sub-lter from duced by r or both ly permit back/low r supply. nd open-'alconies, ) prevent yo or may fion unit team for ute pipe junction 'lck, and ·or-waste Ie that is mt pipes mt stack les from through shelter-g above thin the irewalls. ~at con-g sewer. mtained n 3 feet ~er or "t drain '-IuUding n and a

...

Business and personal services occupancy means the occupancy or use

of a building or part thereof for the transaction of business or the rendering or receiving of professional or personal services.

Caisson (see pier or caisson).

Chimney means a primarily vertical shaft enclosing at least 1 flue for conducting flue gases to the outdoors.

Chimney, built means a chimney consisting entirely of

factory-made parts, each designed to be assembled with the other without requiring fabrication on site.

Chimney, masonry or concrete means a chimney of brick, stone,

con-crete, or approved masonry units constructed on site.

Chimney, metal means a single-wall chimney of metal constructed on

site.

Chimney liner means a conduit containing a chimney flue used as a

lining of a masonry or concrete .chimney.

Circuit vent (as applying to plumbing systems) means a vent pipe that

is connected at its lower end to a branch and at its upper end to a

vent stack or terminates in open air.

Cleanout (as applying to plumbing systems) means a pipe fitting that is intended to provide access to a pipe to permit pipe cleaning.

Clear-water waste means clear water that does not contain sewage or storm water.

Closure means a device for shutting off an opening through a

construc-tion assembly, such as a door or a shutter, and includes all com-ponents such as hardware, closing devices, frames and anchors.

Combined building drain means a building drain that is intended to

conduct sewage and storm water.

Combined building sewer means a building sewer that is intended to

conduct sewage and storm water.

Combined sewer means a sewer that is intended to conduct sewage and storm water.

Combustible (as applying to an elementary building material) means

that such material fails to conform to CSA B54.1-1960 (as

amended October 1969), "Determination of Noncombustibility in Building Materials" or to ASTM E136-65, "Noncombustibility of Elementary Materials."

Combustible construction means that type of construction that does not

meet the requirements for noncombustible construction.

Common wall (see wall, common).

Constructor means a person who contracts with the Owner of a project

for the work thereon and includes an owner who contracts with more than one person for the work on a project or undertakes the work on a project or any part thereof.

Continuous vent (as applying to plumbing systems) means a vent pipe

that is an extension of a vertical section of a branch or fixture drain.

Covered mall means a covered or roofed area in which the least

hori-zontal dimension is 30 feet or more and which is used as a pedes-trian thoroughfare to connect 2 or more buildings.

Covered walkway (see walkway, covered).

Critical level (as applying to plumbing systems) means the highest level

to which a back-siphonage preventer, when subjected to a specified test, can be submerged before back/low begins.

Dead end (as applying to plumbing systems) means a pipe that is 2 feet or more in developed length and terminates with a closed fitting.

Dead load means the weight of all permanent structural and

nonstruc-tural components of a building.

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Design bearing pressure (as applying to foundations) means the maxi· mum allowable net pressure on soil or rock.

Design capacity (as applying to foundations) means the load that a

foundation is designed to transfer to the supporting soil or rock.

Design properties (as applying to soil or rock) means the properties of the soil or rock used in proportioning and determining the design

capacity of a foundation.

Developed length (as applying to plumbing systems) means the length along the centre line of a pipe.

Diameter (as applying to plumbing systems) unless otherwise indicated means the nominal diameter by which a pipe, fitting, trap or other item is commercially designated.

Directly connected (as applying to plumbing systems) means physically connected in such a way that water or gas cannot escape from the connection.

Drain (see building drain and building subdrain).

Drainage system (as applying to plumbing systems) means an assembly of pipes, fittings, fixtures, traps and appurtenances that is used to convey sewage, clear-woter waste or storm water to a public sewer or a pril'ate sewage disposal system but does not include subsoil

drainage pipes.

Dual vent (as applying to plumbing systems) means a continuous vent or

stack vent that serves 2 fixtures that are connected at the same level to the branch or soil·or-waste stack of which the vent pipe is an extension.

Dwelling unit means 1 or more rooms for the use of 1 or more persons as a housekeeping unit with cooking, eating, living, sleeping and sanitary facilities.

Effective opening (as applying to plumbing systems) means an opening that has a cross-sectional area equal to the minimum area through which water is discharged at a discharge opening, control valve inlet or control valve seat of a water supply inlet to a fixture or device.

Enclosed walkway (see walkway, enclosed).

Exhaust duct means a duct through which air is conveyed from a room or space to the outdoors.

Exit means that part of a means of egress that leads from the floor area it serves, including any doorway leading directly from a floor area to a public thoroughfare or to an approved open space.

Exit, access to means that part of a means of egress within a floor area that provides access to an exit serving the floor area.

Exit, horizontal means that type of exit connecting 2 floors areas at substantially the same level by means of a doorway, vestibule, bridge or balcony, such floor areas being located either in different

buildings or located in the same building and fully separated from each other by a firewall.

Exposing building face means that part of the exterior wall of a building which faces one direction and is located between ground level and the ceiling of its top storey, or where a buiJding is divided into fire

compartments, the exterior wall of a fire compartment which faces one direction.

Factory-built chimney (see chimney, factory-built).

Fire compartment means an enclosed space in a building that is separated from all other parts of the building by enclosing construction pro-viding a fire separation having a required fire-resistance raling.

Fire load (as applying to an occupancy) means the combustible contents of a room or floor area expressed in terms of the average weight of