• Aucun résultat trouvé

[Interview with] Sylvie Patron

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "[Interview with] Sylvie Patron"

Copied!
12
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: hal-00698708

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00698708v2

Submitted on 27 Apr 2013

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access

archive for the deposit and dissemination of

sci-entific research documents, whether they are

pub-lished or not. The documents may come from

teaching and research institutions in France or

abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est

destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents

scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,

émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de

recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires

publics ou privés.

[Interview with] Sylvie Patron

Sylvie Patron

To cite this version:

Sylvie Patron. [Interview with] Sylvie Patron. Peer F. Bundgaard, Henrik Skov Nielsen et Frederik

Stjernfelt. Narrative Theories and Poetics : 5 Questions, Copenhague, Automatic Press / VIP, pp.

159-169, 2012. �hal-00698708v2�

(2)

!"#$ #$ %&'( )*+ ,-#./(-0 1%&23( /"#$

!"

#$%&'( )*+,-.

!"#$%&&#" #$ '"%()* +,(-.,-% ,(/ +01%",1."% 2(03%"&014 #$ !,"0& 50/%1#16!,"0&

"/ 01$ 2(,( $-3 '.'+'*%%$ 4,*2. +- .*,,*+-%-5$ -, .*,6 ,*+'&( +1(-,$7

4#/"53/ 6#$"#.' /5 %7&8 5. 65-9$: ; 65379 $&8 /"&/ ; <(=&>( #.?57?(9 #. .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 &.9 =-#/#=#$> @>5-( %-(=#$(78: #. /"( "#$/5-8 &.9 (%#$/(>575'8 5A .&--&/#?( /"(5-8B /"-53'" /"( =-#/#23( 5A .&--&/575'8C ;/ #$ #>%5-/&./ /5 D.56 6"&/ ; >(&. 6"(. ; $%(&D 5A !"##"$%&' $(')#* &.9 !"##"$)+),*: 5- (?(. -#%$%./' )0 !"##"$)1 +),*2 ; 6#77 /"(-(A5-( <('#. <8 5E(-#.' $5>( %-(=#$#5.$ 5. /"($( %5#./$C

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`a: %C `+BC ;/ 6&$ -(A5->37&/(9 #. /"( %-(A&=( /5 /"( Q-(.=" /-&.$7&P

(3)

)HI `)C M87?#( ,&/-5.

/#5. 5A bc/( K&><3-'(-Y$ 4%' ;),%< :'# 4%-($/!, @=(' ;),%- )0 ;%$'#"$/#'B: 6"(-( /"( &==(./$ A&77$ >5-( $/-5.'78 5. /"( #$$3( 5A G=/#5.0 \_CCCa /"( 65-D 5A G=/#5.&7 .&--&/575'8: &76&8$ >5-( 5- 7($$ A5=3$(9 5. /"( =5>%&-#$5. 5A 9#$=53-$( &.9 $/5-8: &$$3>($ @<8 ?#-P /3( 5A & %-5?#$#5.&7 >(/"59575'#=&7 9(=#$#5.B /"&/ /"( .5.$(-#53$ %-(/(.$( 5A G=/#5. d /5 /(77 & $/5-8 /"&/ "&$ &=/3&778 "&%%(.(9 d #$ /&D(. $(-#53$78] @N(.(//( )++e0 ))eBC >$)#*: !"##"$%&' @5-!"##"$%&' :%5-)/#5': 5- $#>%78 :%5-)/#5'B: !"##"$%!, @5- !"##"$)#B0 .&--&/575'8 =&..5/ 95 6#/"53/ /"( %-5%5$#/#5.$ /"($( 65-9$ (.P =&%$37&/(C !"(8 9($#'.&/( #$$3($ $5 ($$(./#&7 /"&/ #/ =&..5/ =&77 /"(> #./5 23($/#5. 6#/"53/ 3.9(->#.#.' #/$ 56. 7('#/#>&=8C @;B !"(-( #$ & $/5-8: 6"#=" >3$/ <( =7(&-78 9#$/#.'3#$"(9 A-5> /"( .&--&/#?( #. 6"#=" #/ #$ (R%-($$(9C

@;;B !"( .&--&/#?( #$ &76&8$ 3//(-(9 <8 $5>(<598 &99-($$#.' $5>(P <598 (7$( @(?(. #. /"( =&$( 5A 6-#//(. .&--&/#?(0 \3//(-(9f: "(-(: >(&.$ \%-593=(9 #. ?(-<&7 A5->: 6"(/"(- 5-&7 5- 6-#//(.f0 /"#$ #$ 6"&/ N(.(//( /(->$ /"( !"##"$%!, ?!"##"$%)! #. Q-(.="B! @;;;B ;. /"( =&$( 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: /"( $/5-8 &.9 /"( .&--&/#.' @&.9 /"3$ /"( .&--&/5- &.9 /"( .&--&/((B &-( G=/#5.&7C g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

!"#$ 5<?#53$78 95($ .5/ >(&. /"&/ $3=" %-5%5$#/#5.$ =&..5/ <( =&77(9 #./5 23($/#5. @5. /"( <&$#$ 5A =5.=(%/3&7 -(9(G.#/#5.$0 \$/5-8h.&--&/#?(] #. /"( =&$( 5A G=/#5.&7 .&--&/#?(: \.&--&/5-f: \G=/#5.&7f: (/=C: 5- -(A3/&/#5.: #. 5/"(- 65-9$ & 9(>5.$/-&/#5. 5A /"(#- A&7$(.($$ #. $5>( $%(=#G= =&$($BC K56(?(-: #/ #$ =7(&- /"&/ =&77#.' /"($( =5.=(%/$ #./5 23($/#5. #$ &9>#$$#<7( 5.78 #. /"(5-#($ 5/"(- /"&. .&--&/575'8C

i5./(>%5-&-8 9(<&/($ &==5-9 '-(&/ #>%5-/&.=( /5 /"( 9#E(-(.=( <(/6((. $5P=&77(9 -+"55%-"+ &.9 B)5$-+"55%-"+ .&--&/575'#($ @/"#$ /(->#.575'8 6&$ %3/ A5-6&-9 .5/ <8 "#$/5-#&.$: <3/ -&/"(- <8 /"( %-5/&'5.#$/$ 5A /"( $(=5.9 >5?(>(./ /"(>$(7?($BC ,5$/=7&$$#=&7 .&--&/575'8: /"(8 =7&#>: #$ 9#$/#.'3#$"(9 <8 & %-5A3$#5. 5A .(6 >(/"59$ &.9 -($(&-=" "8%5/"($($C !"(8 &99 /"&/ #/ 9-&6$ 5. & -&.'( 5A $=#(.=($ &.9 /"&/ #/$ =5-%3$ #$ >3=" 7&-'(- &.9 >5-(

(4)

`)C M87?#( ,&/-5. )H)

?&-#(9 /"&. /"&/ 5A =7&$$#=&7 .&--&/575'8C T(?(-/"(7($$: #/ $((>$ /5 >( /"&/ -(/&#.#.' /"( /(-> !"##"$)+),* #$ &/ 7(&$/ &$ #>%5-/&./ &$ /"( 9#$/#.=/#5. <(/6((. =7&$$#=&7 &.9 %5$/=7&$$#=&7: &$ 75.' &$ #/ #$ 3.9(-$/559 6"&/ 3$#.' /"#$ /(-> >(&.$0 #/ 9($#'.&/($ /"#$ ?(-8 $(/ 5A %-5%5$#/#5.$ (?(. #A /"(8 $3-?#?( #. 9#E(-(./: <3/ $/#77 /-&.$7&/&<7(: A5->$C

)C`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

)CeC F8 -#%$%./' )0 !"##"$)+),*: ; 3.9(-$/&.9 & $/398 5A /"( =5.P =(%/3&7 &.9 (>%#-#=&7 <&$#$ 5A .&--&/575'8C !"#$ $/398 #$ '-53.9(9 .5/&<78 #. /"( (R#$/(.=( &.9 /"( /"(5-(/#=&7 &.9 (>%#-#=&7 ?&73( 5A /"(5-#($ 5/"(- /"&. .&--&/575'8C

!/ 01*+ 4- $-3 8-.9'4(, $-3, :-9+ ':;-,+*.+ 8-.+,'<36 +'-.=9> +- +1( ?(%47

g8 >&W5- =5./-#<3/#5. /5 /"( "#$/5-8 &.9 (%#$/(>575'8 5A .&--&/P #?( /"(5-8 #$ >8 `II+ ?573>( (./#/7(9 ;' 3"##"$'/# @!"( T&-P -&/5-B: #.#/#&778 $3</#/7(9 C! B#)D+E@' :' $(F)#%' !"##"$%&' @[ ,-5<7(> #. T&--&/#?( !"(5-8B &.9 -(.&>(9 G!$#):/-$%)! H +" $(F)#%' !"##"$%&' @;./-593=/#5. /5 T&--&/#?( !"(5-8B &/ /"( %3<P 7#$"(-Y$ -(23($/C ;/ 9#E(-$ A-5> .&--&/575'#=&7 $/39#($: 6"(/"(- =7&$P $#=&7 5- %5$/=7&$$#=&7: #. #/$ )DI'-$: /"( .&--&/5- @.&--&/575'8 =&.P .5/ $/398 /"( .&--&/5- /5 /"( (R/(./ /"&/ #/ /&D($ #/ &$ &R#5>&/#=B: #/$ @'$():: & "#$/5-#=&7 &.9 =-#/#=&7 &%%-5&=" /5 9#E(-(./ /"(5-#($ A5=3$(9 5. /"( 5%%5$#/#5. <(/6((. -)@@/!%-"$%)!"+ /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( &.9 !)!1-)@@/!%-"$%)!"+ /"(5-#($: 6"#=" =&. &7$5 <( /(->(9 B)'$%- /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: &.9 G.&778: #/$ -)!-+/1 5%)!5: 6"#=" =&77 #./5 23($/#5. /"( 95>#.&.=( 5A /"( =5>>3.#=&P /#5.&7 %&-&9#'> #. /"( /"(5-8 &.9 &.&78$#$ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.C `C)C !"( 23($/#5. #$ &$ A57756$0 #$ /"(-( & .&--&/5- A5- &77 .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: 5- 5.78 #. =(-/&#. =&$($ @6"#=" 65379 #>%78 /"&/ .&--&/#?($ =&. <( \.&--&/5-7($$fBj !"#$ 23($/#5. $(%&-&/($ =5>>3.#=&/#5.&7

(5)

)H` `)C M87?#( ,&/-5.

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g5-( (R&=/780

d #. /"( =&$( 5A .5.PG=/#5.&7 .&--&/#?(: & -(&7 .&--&/5- @/"( &3P /"5-B =5>>3.#=&/($ .&--&/#?( =5./(./: 6"#=" #$ '#?(. &$ &3/"(./#=: /5 & -(&7 .&--&/(( @/"( -(&9(-BV

d #. /"( =&$( 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: /"( &3/"5- =5>>3.#=&/($ .&-P -&/#?( =5./(./ 6"#=" <5/" 5A /"(> D.56 "&$ .5 =7&#> /5 &3/"(.P /#=#/8: ?#& /"( >(9#&/#5. 5A =5>>3.#=&/#5. <8 & G=/#5.&7 .&--&/5-/5 & G=/#5.&7 .&--&/((: 5A .&--&/#?( =5./(./ 6"#=" #$ '#?(. &$ &3P /"(./#=C

T&--&/575'8 #$ 5.78 #./(-($/(9 #. /"( $(=5.9 $#/3&/#5. 5A =5>P >3.#=&/#5.: 6"#=" =&. <( $3>>&-#Z(9 <8 /"( 23($/#5.$ \6"5 #$ $%(&D#.'j] &.9 \/5 6"5>j] @#>%78#.'0 G=/#5.&778BC ;/ A-(23(./78 95($ 6#/"53/ /"( 5%(-&/5- \;/ #$ G=/#5.&7 /"&/CCC] &.9 =5.$#9(-$ .&--&/#?( G=/#5. &$ &. "!"+),)! 5- &. #>#/&/#5. 5A .5.PG=/#5.&7 .&--&/#?(C

Q5- .5.P=5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 5- %5(/#= /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: 5. /"( =5./-&-80

d #/ #$ .5/ &/ &77 5<?#53$ /"&/ /"( -(7&/#5. <(/6((. /"( &3/"5-&.9 /"( -(&9(- #$ 5.( 5A =5>>3.#=&/#5.: #. &. ($$(./#&7 &3/"5-&.9 #.P /(-($/#.' $(.$( 5A /"( /(-> -)@@/!%-"$%)! @<&$(9 5. & 7#.'3#$/#= &.9 %5/(./#&778 %-&'>&/#= #./(-%-(/&/#5. 5A 6"&/ =5>>3.#=&/#5. #$: &$ 5%%5$(9 /5 6"&/ #/ =&. <( =5.$#9(-(9 .5/ /5 <(BV

d #/ #$ .5/ &/ &77 5<?#53$ (#/"(- /"&/ /"(-( #$ &76&8$ & G=/#5.&7 $#/3&/#5. 5A =5>>3.#=&/#5. #>%78#.' & G=/#5.&7 .&--&/5- &.9 .&-P -&/((C !"( %-($(.=( 5A & G=/#5.&7 $#/3&/#5. 5A =5>>3.#=&/#5. >3$/

(6)

`)C M87?#( ,&/-5. )He

<( ($/&<7#$"(9 5. /"( '-53.9$ 5A & 75'#=5P7#.'3#$/#= &.&78$#$ -&/"(-/"&. %-($3%%5$#/#5.C ;/$ &<$(.=( (.&<7($ /"( &%%(&-&.=( 5A 5/"(-A5->$ /"&/ &-( &76&8$ >5-( 5- 7($$ =75$(78 7#.D(9 /5 /"( -(%-($(./P &/#5. 5A /"( \/"#-9P%(-$5. $3<W(=/#?#/8] @5- /5 /"&/ 5A \$3<W(=/7($$ $3<W(=/#?#/8fB &.9 6"#=" "&?( <(=5>( #.9#$$5=#&<7( A-5> /"#-9P %(-$5. .&--&/#?( G=/#5.C

;. A&=/: A5- .5.P=5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 5- %5(/#= /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/P #?( G=/#5.: /"( >5$/ #./(-($/#.' 23($/#5. #. /"( =&$( 5A .&--&/P #?( G=/#5. #$ .5/ \6"5 #$ $%(&D#.'j] @#>%78#.'0 G=/#5.&778B: <3/ /"( 23($/#5.\"56 #$ #/ 6-#//(.j] @#>%78#.'0 '#?(. /"( %5$$#<#7#/#($ 5E(-(9 <8 /"( $/-3=/3-( 5A 7&.'3&'(BC

`C`C i5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( &-( /"(5-#($ #>%78#.' /"( &<$(.=( 5A 7#.'3#$/#= 9#E(-(.=($ <(/6((. .5.PG=/#5.&7 .&--&/P #?(: G=/#5.&7 .&--&/#?( &.9 =5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 9#$=53-$(C !"( %-5<P 7(> #$ /"&/ /"(8 &-( &7$5 .5.P7#.'3#$/#= /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5. @6#/" /"( (R=(%/#5. 5A %&-/ 5A k3<5>l- m57(nZ(7Y$ /"(5-8 #. 3"#1 #"$%&' 9):'5 %! JA'-( ;%$'#"$/#': )+Se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

`CeC i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a $/87( &%%-5&="(9

(7)

)Ho `)C M87?#( ,&/-5.

#. /"#$ 6&8 #$ .5/ 5. & %&- 6#/" /"5$( &$%(=/$ 5A $/87( 6"#=" =-(&/( /"( #./(./#5.&7 =5.$/-3=/ 6"#=" #$ G=/#5.&7 $3<W(=/#?#/8C [ 6-#/(->&8 7(&?( "#$ $#'.&/3-( #. "#$ 6-#/#.' d #/ 6-#/(->&8 (?(. =5./-#<3/( & >&W5- %-5%5-/#5. 5A 6"&/ #$ ?&73(9 #. #/ d <3/ /"#$ #$ .5/ 6"&/ "#$ 6-#/#.' =-(&/($ _CCCa] @)+^`0 `*eBC g&-8 N&7<-&#/" 3$($ >5-( (R%7#P =#/ A5->37&/#5.$0 \;. & G=/#5.&7 .&--&/#?( 6#/"53/ & .&--&/5-: /"( 7&.'3&'( 5A .&--&/#5. #$ .5/ #/$(7A %&-/ 5A /"( G=/#5.: (R=(%/ 6"(-( #/ -(%-($(./$ /"( ?(-<&7 (R%-($$#5.$ 5A ="&-&=/(-$ _CCCaC p&/"(-: /"( 7&.'3&'( 5A .&--&/#5. #$ /"( >59( 5A <(#.' 5A /"( G=/#5.C Q#=/#5.&7 %(5%7(: (?(./$: (R%(-#(.=($ &.9 ?(-<&7 (R%-($$#5.$ &-( &77 -(%-($(.P /(9 &.9 =5>( /5 7#A( /"-53'" /"( 7&.'3&'( 5A /"( /(R/: &.9 /"( $/87( 5A /"( 7&.'3&'( >&D($ (&=" G=/#5. & 9#E(-(./ D#.9 5A (R%(-#(.=(: & 9#E(-(./ /(R/3-(: & 9#E(-(./ $(7AP65-79 -(7&/#5.] @)++*0 o+BC ;. >8 56. &-/#=7( (./#/7(9 \k& >5-/ 93 .&--&/(3- (/ 7Y#./(-%-O/&/#5. 93 -5>&.C kY(R(>%7( 9( K':#) KL#"@) 9( q3&. p37A5] @,&/-5. `I)I&B: ; "&?( &#>(9 /5 $"56 /"( <(.(G/$ /5 <( '&#.(9 A-5> /"#$ 9#$/#.=/#5. A5- /"( &.&78$#$ &.9 /"( #./(-%-(/&/#5. 5A & %&-/#=37&-65-D 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.C

`CoC F(85.9 /"( %-(=(9#.' A5->37&/#5. 5A 5%%5$#/#5.$: ; =5.$#9(-&$ >8 56. =5./-#<3/#5.0

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i5>%#7#.' & =5-%3$ &.9 $/398#.' /"( $3==($$#5. 5A /"(5-#($ #. /"( =&$( 5A =5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5. @#. /"( =&$( 5A .5.P=5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 5- %5(/#= /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?(: ; 6&$ &<7( /5 &95%/ &. (R#$/#.' =5-%3$ &.9 (R&>#.( -(7&/#5.$"#%$ 5A $3==($$#5. 6"#=" "&9 &7-(&98 <((. ($/&<7#$"(9BC

@;;;B 1E(-#.' & -(.(6(9 &==53./ 5A .5.P=5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 5- %5P (/#= /"(5-#($ 5A G=/#5. @6"#=" "&9 <((. /"( 5<W(=/ 5A & .3><(- 5A (--5.(53$ -(&9#.'$ &.9 -(%-($(./&/#5.$BC [$ #. /"( =&$( 5A =5>P >3.#=&/#5.&7 /"(5-#($: ; (.9(&?5-(9 /5 (?&73&/( /"( =5>>5. ="&-P &=/(-#$/#=$ &.9 9#E(-(.=($ <(/6((. /"($( /"(5-#($ 5. /"( 7(?(7 5A /"( #$$3($ -&#$(9: /"( =5.=(%/$ &.9 /"( /(->#.575'8 3$(9 &.9 /"( 7#/(-&-8 (R&>%7($ =#/(9C

@;rB L$/&<7#$"#.' /"( '(.(&75'8 5A =(-/&#. =5.=(%/$ 5- #9(&$: &.9 (R%5$#.' $(?(-&7 (--5-$ 7#.D(9 /5 =5.=(%/3&7 /-&.$A(-$ <(/6((. .&-P

(8)

`)C M87?#( ,&/-5. )H*

-&/575'8 &.9 (.3.=#&/#?( 7#.'3#$/#=$: 5- <(/6((. .&--&/575'8 &.9 $%((=" &=/ /"(5-8: A5- (R&>%7(C

`C*C g8 <55D =&77$ #./5 23($/#5. /"( 95>#.&.=( 5A /"( =5>>3.#=P &/#5.&7 %&-&9#'> #. /"( /"(5-8 &.9 &.&78$#$ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.C m($%#/( $5>( 5<$=3-#/8 5- &%%-5R#>&/( -(&$5.#.' &.9 /"( 9#E(-(./ (R/(.$#5. '#?(. &/ /#>($ /5 !"##"$)#+'55 !"##"$%&': ; =5.$#9(- /"&. .5.P=5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 5- %5(/#= /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( &-( $53.9(-5. /"( /"(5-(/#=&7 7(?(7: >5-( %-(=#$( &.9 &9(23&/( $53.9(-5. /"( 9(P $=-#%/#?( 7(?(7 &.9 >5-( A(-/#7( 5. /"( #./(-%-(/&/#?( 7(?(7 /"&. =5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 /"(5-#($ 5A G=/#5.C

@/ 01*+ '9 +1( ;,-;(, ,-%( -A * .*,,*+-%-5$ *.4 .*,,*+'&( +1(-,$ '. ,(%*+'-. +- -+1(, *8*4(:'8 4'98';%'.(97

[$ A&- &$ ; &> =5.=(-.(9: /"( %(-/#.(./ 23($/#5. #$ /"( A57756P #.'0 6"&/ #$ /"( -57( 5A /"( "#$/5-8 &.9 (%#$/(>575'8 5A .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 #. -(7&/#5. /5 .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 &.9 %5/(./#&778 /5 5/"(- &=&P 9(>#= 9#$=#%7#.($j !"( &.$6(- /5 /"#$ 23($/#5. 65379 -(23#-( >5-( $%&=( /"&. ; "&?( &?&#7&<7( "(-(: "56(?(- ; 6#77 /-8 /5 '#?( & A(6 #.9#=&/#5.$ &75.' 6#/" $5>( (R&>%7($C

eC)C K#$/5-#=#Z#.' .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 =5.$#$/$ #. >&D#.' #.A5->&/#5. &?&#7&<7( /5 -($(&-="(-$ 6"#=" >&8 <-5&9(. /"(#- #'$#)5B'-$%&' ()1 #%A)! @()#%A)! :' #F$#)5B'-$%)! #. Q-(.="B0 /"( >(>5-8 5A -($37/$: %-5<7(>$ &.9 =5.=(%/$ 9(?(75%(9 <(A5-( /"(#- /#>( @; &> /&D#.' /"( /(-> &.9 #/$ 9(G.#/#5. A-5> Q-(.=" "#$/5-#&.$ 5A 7#.'3#$/#=$BC !5 =#/( & $#>%7( (R&>%7(: N(.(//(Y$ 9#$=3$$#5. 5A B'#5)! <&$(9 5. /"( (R%-($$#5.$ fG-$/P%(-$5. .&--&/#?(] &.9 \/"#-9P%(-$5. .&-P -&/#?(] =5./&#.$ ?(-8 7#>#/(9 -(/-5$%(=/#5.C 4"(. "( 6-#/($ /"&/ \/"($( =5>>5. 75=3/#5.$ $((> /5 _"#>a #.&9(23&/(: #. /"&/ /"(8 $/-($$ ?&-#&/#5. #. /"( (7(>(./ 5A /"( .&--&/#?( $#/3&/#5. /"&/ #$ #. A&=/ #.?&-#&./ d /5 6#/: /"( %-($(.=( @(R%7#=#/ 5- #>%7#=#/B 5A /"( Y%(-$5.Y 5A /"( .&--&/5-] @)+^I0 `oeP`ooB: N(.(//( $"56$ /"&/ "( #$ .5/ A&>#7#&- 6#/" /"( /-&9#/#5.&7 9(G.#/#5. 5A /"($( (R%-($P $#5.$: 6"#=" A5=3$($ 5. /"( \%(-$5.] 5A /"( %-5/&'5.#$/: -&/"(-/"&. /"&/ 5A /"( .&--&/5- @(?(. #A /"( G-$/P%(-$5. .5?(7 #$ ="&-&=P /(-#Z(9 <8 /"( %-5/&'5.#$/ "+5) <(#.' /"( .&--&/5- 5A /"( .5?(7BC i7(&-78: "&9 "( <((. &6&-( 5A /"#$ 9(G.#/#5.: N(.(//( 65379 .5/ "&?( A5->37&/(9 /"( #$$3( #. /"( $&>( 6&8 &.9 /"( 9#$=3$$#5. 65379 .5 953</ "&?( =5./#.3(9 5. 9#E(-(./ '-53.9$C !"( #>P %5-/&.=( 5A "#$/5-#=#Z#.' =5./(>%5-&-8 .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 #$ -(&9#78 $((.0 9#$$#%&/#.' /"( #773$#5. 5A .&/3-&7 =5.=(%/$ @/"( /"(5-#($ &.9 =5.=(%/$ /"(8 (>%758: /"( /(->$ 3$(9: (/=C &-( .5/ .&/3-&7 (.P /#/#($: <3/ "#$/5-#=&7 -(&7#/#($V #. 5/"(- 65-9$: .5/"#.' #$ 5<?#53$:

(9)

)HH `)C M87?#( ,&/-5.

.5/"#.' #$ '#?(.: (?(-8/"#.' #$ =5.$/-3=/(9BV G'"/#.' \%-($(./#$>f: $"56#.' /"( =5./#.3#/8 5A $(/$ 5A %-5<7(>$ 6"#=" 5A/(. %-(A(- /5 <( $((. &$ -&9#=&778 9#$/#.=/V $"56#.' 5?(-$#'"/$: /55: /"( '&%$ #. /"( >(>5-8 5A /"( 9#$=#%7#.(V %5/(./#&778 -(P5%(.#.' 9(<&/($ 6"#=" 6(-( /"53'"/ /5 <( =75$(9V =5.?(-$(78: "(7%#.' "#$/5-8 <(P =5>( /-378 =3>37&/#?(: -&/"(- /"&. =8=7#=&7: <8 &?5#9#.' 23($/#5.$ <(#.' &$D(9 -(%(&/(978 #. /"( $&>(: 5- $8.5.8>53$: /(->$C eC`C !"( "#$/5-8 5A .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 /"(-(A5-( %-5?#9($ /"( =5.9#P /#5.$ A5- #.A5->(9 $/398 5A /"( (%#$/(>575'8 5A .&--&/#?( /"(5-8C K#$/5-#=&7 #.23#-8 -(?(&7$: A5- (R&>%7(: /"&/ /"( >59(-.: .&--&/5P 75'#=&7 =5.=(%/ 5A /"( .&--&/5- #$ /"( A-3#/ 5A $8.=-(/#$> <(/6((.0 d /"( /-&9#/#5.&7 =5.=(%/ 5A /"( .&--&/5- @-(A(--#.' /5 /"( ="&-P &=/(- 6"5 "&$ /"( $/&/3$ 5A .&--&/5-: #. /"( 5-9#.&-8 $(.$( 5A /"( /(->: #. /"( G-$/P%(-$5. .5?(7BV

d /"( %(-$5.#G=&/#5. 5A & '(.(-#= 5%%5$#/#5.: /"( 5%%5$#/#5. <(/6((. .&--&/#?( &.9 9-&>&/#= '(.-($ @/"( .&--&/5- -(A(--#.' "(-( /5 /"( >(9#&/#.' &'(./ 5A /"( .&--&/#?(: #. %&-/#=37&- /"( 9#&75'$ =5.P /&#.(9 #. /"( .&--&/#?(: 5A 6"&/(?(- /8%(BV

d /"( %(-$5.#G=&/#5. 5A & >(/"59575'#=&7 %-#.=#%7(: /"( %-#.=#%7( 5A #>>&.(.=(: &==5-9#.' /5 6"#=" /"( =5"(-(.=8 5A &. &.&78$#$ #>%7#($ /"&/ &. 5<W(=/ 5.78 <( '-&$%(9 /"-53'" /"( #./(-%7&8 5A #/$ #./(-.&7 -(7&/#5.$ @/"( .&--&/5- -(A(--#.': "(-(: /5 /"( $%(&D(-6#/"#. /"( .&--&/#?(: 5A 6"&/(?(- /8%(BV

d /"( %(-$5.#G=&/#5. 5A & >(/"59575'#=&7 9(=#$#5.: /"( 9(=#$#5. /5 /-(&/ .&--&/#?( G=/#5. &$ &. "!"+),)! 5- #>#/&/#5. 5A .5.PG=/#5.&7 .&--&/#?( @/"( .&--&/5- -(A(--#.': "(-(: /5 /"( G=/#5.&7 %-593=(- 5A /"( .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: 5A 6"&/(?(- /8%(BV

d 7&$/78: /"( %(-$5.#G=&/#5. 5A q5". M(&-7(Y$ /"(5-8 5A #775=3/#5.P &-8 %-(/(.$( @/"( .&--&/5- -(A(--#.' "(-( /5 /"( $%(&D(- 6"5 =5.P A5->$ /5 /"( ="&-&=/(-#$/#=: =5.$/#/3/#?( -37($ 5A /"( &$$(-/#5.$ =5.P /&#.(9 #. &.8 .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: 6"#=" #$ & >#$/&D( A-5> M(&-7(Y$ %5#./ 5A ?#(6BC

;. $5>( .&--&/575'#($ @; &> /"#.D#.' #. %&-/#=37&- 5A /"5$( /&=DP 7#.' 7#/(-&-8 .&--&/#?( &.9 =#.(>&: &.9 (?(. /"(&/(- &77 &/ 5.=(B: /"( =5.=(%/ 5A /"( .&--&/5- #$ $5 /"5-53'"78 $/-#%%(9 5A &77 (>%#-P #=&7 9(/(->#.&/#5.$ /"&/ 5.( 65.9(-$ "56 #/ =&. $/#77 <( &%%7#(9 #. #/$ 5-#'#.&7 95>&#.: /5 6#/: /"( G-$/P%(-$5. .5?(7C

,5$/=7&$$#=&7 .&--&/575'8 "&$ .5/ (7#>#.&/(9 $3=" =5./-&9#=/#5.$V A&- A-5> #/C ;/ =5379 (?(. <( $&#9 /"&/ #/ "&$ >&9( /"(> & =5-( (7(>(./ 5A #/$ /"(5-(/#=&7 %-5'-&>$C

(10)

`)C M87?#( ,&/-5. )HS

&/#.' /"(5-#($ #$ & .(=($$#/8 6#/"#. &.8 9#$=#%7#.(C !"( -(7&/#?#$> 5A "#$/5-#=&7 9($=-#%/#5. >3$/ /"(-(A5-( <( >59(-&/(9 <8 /&D#.' #./5 &==53./ /"( /"(5-(/#=&7 &.9 (>%#-#=&7 ?&73( 5A /"(5-#($: #. /"( =&$( 5A .&--&/#?( /"(5-8 &$ 6#/" 5/"(- &=&9(>#= 9#$=#%7#.($C B/ 01*+ 4- $-3 8-.9'4(, +1( :-9+ ':;-,+*.+ +-;'89 *.4C-, 8-.+,'<3+'-.9 '. .*,,*+-%-5$7

!"( A5->37&/#5. 5A /"#$ 23($/#5. 65--#($ >( A5- /65 -(&$5.$0 G-$/: #/ &%%(&-$ /5 <( 755D#.' A5- & 7#$/ 5A 6#..#.' =5./-#<3/#5.$: 6"#=" ; 95 .5/ A((7 (./#/7(9 /5 %3/ A5-6&-9V $(=5.9: #/ &<&.95.$ /"( 9#$P /#.=/#5. <(/6((. .&--&/575'8 &.9 .&--&/#?( /"(5-8: 6"#=" ; <(7#(?( /5 <( #>%5-/&./: #. /"( $(.$( /"&/ ; "&?( >&9( =7(&-C

oC)C 1.( 6&8 A5- >( /5 -(%78 /5 /"#$ 23($/#5. 6#/"53/ -(%78#.' &$ $3=" #$ /5 53/7#.( /"( %-#.=#%7($ 5. 6"#=" ; <&$(9 /"( =5>%#7&/#5. 5A >8 =5-%3$0 9#$/&.=( 6#/" -('&-9 /5 %3-( (-39#/#5.V ="5#=( 5A -(%-($(./&/#?#/8 5?(- (R"&3$/#?(.($$C ; A&?5-(9 NO-&-9 N(.(//(Y$ &.9 M(8>53- i"&/>&.Y$ /"(5-#($ 5?(- M"75>#/" p#>>5.Pb(.&.Y$ A5- (R&>%7(: 6"#=" 95($ .5/ 5E(- &. 5-#'#.&7 3.9(-$/&.9#.' 5A /"( .&--&/5- 5- .&--&/#5. @/"( $&>( '5($ A5- g#(D( F&7: 6"5 "&$ &. 5-#'#.&7 3.9(-$/&.9#.' 5A .&--&/#?( A5=&7#Z&/#5.$: 6"#7( "(- 3.9(-P $/&.9#.' 5A /"( .&--&/5- #$ $/-#=/78 (23#?&7(./ /5 N(.(//(Y$BC ; '&?( Q-&.Z M/&.Z(7Y$ /"(5-8 & %-#>( %5$#/#5. <(=&3$( 5A #/$ 5-#'#.&7#/8: &$ 6(77 &$ #/$ -(=(%/#5. &.9 /"( #.X3(.=( #/ "&$ <5-.( @6"#=" #$ $"56. #. /"( <55D 6#/" /"( (R&>%7($ 5A N5//A-#(9 N&<-#(7 &.9 g5.#D& Q739(-.#DBC ;. /"( =&$( 5A k3<5>l- m57(nZ(7Y$ .&--&/#?( /"(5-8: /"( =-#/(-#5. 5A #.X3(.=( 6&$ .5/ /"( >5$/ #>%5-/&./: $#.=( /"#$ /"(5-8 #$ .5/ 6(77 D.56. 53/$#9( /"( =#-=7( 5A $%(=#&7P #$/$ #. iZ(=" 7#/(-&/3-(C ;/ 6&$ -&/"(- /"( =-#/(-#& 5A 5-#'#.&7#/8: #./(-($/ &.9 9#E(-(.=( A-5> N(.(//(Y$ .&--&/575'8 #. #/$ -(7&/#5. /5 7#.'3#$/#=$: &.9 &7$5 /"( A&=/ /"&/ #/ #$ .(=($$&-8 /5 <( A&>#7#&-6#/" /"#$ /"(5-8 #. 5-9(- /5 3.9(-$/&.9 /"( /"(5-8 5A &3/"(./#=P &/#5.: & <-&.=" 5A m57(nZ(7Y$ /"(5-8 5A G=/#5.C ;. /"( =&$( 5A .5.P =5>>3.#=&/#5.&7 5- %5(/#= /"(5-#($ 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.: 6"#=" &-( 7($$ .3>(-53$ &.9 >5-( =5.=(-.(9 /5 %3<7#=#Z( /"( =3>37&/#?( '-53.9$ 5A /"(#- D.567(9'(: &$ ; >(./#5.(9 &7-(&98: ; 5.78 "&9 /5 &95%/ & =5-%3$ &.9 (R&>#.( -(7&/#5.$"#%$ 5A $3==($$#5. 6"#=" "&9 &7-(&98 <((. =5>%#7(9: A-5> bc/( K&><3-'(- /5 MCPsC b3-59& &.9 [.. F&.G(79: &.9 A-5> /"( 7&//(- /5 /"( -(%-($(./&/#?($ 5A 9(#=/#= $"#A/ /"(5-8 @F3E&75 $="557BC ; 9#9 .5/ 9(?5/( & ="&%/(-/5 m5--#/ i5".: 6"5$( (=7(=/#=#$> @K&><3-'(-Y$ 3.9(-$/&.9#.' 5A G=/#5.: N(.(//(Y$ ?#(6 5A /"( .&--&/5-: "(- -(W(=/#5. 5A F&.G(79Y$ /"(5-8 6#/"53/ A3-/"(- &-'3>(./B &%%(&- /5 >( &$ & /"(5-(/#=&7

(11)

)H^ `)C M87?#( ,&/-5.

=5>%-5>#$(: 5- -&/"(-: A3.9&>(./&778: & .5.P/"(5-8C @; &> 5.78 -(A(--#.': 5A =53-$(: /5 /"( %&-/ 5A "(- /"(5-8 6"#=" =5.=(-.$ /"( .&--&/5- 6#/"53/ =&77#.' #./5 23($/#5. i5".Y$ =5.$#9(-&<7( =5./-#P <3/#5. /5 /"( /"(5-8 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5. #. '(.(-&7CB

oC`C [$ A5- /"( /5%#=$: 6"#=" ; "&?( .5/ 8(/ >(./#5.(9: #/ $((>$ /5 >( /"&/ .&--&/575'8 "&$ %7&=(9 /55 >3=" ?&73( 5. /"( 23($/#5. 5A /"( .&--&/5- @f6"5 #$ $%(&D#.'jfB &.9 #. & 9#E(-(./ 6&8: 5A #/$ =5-577&-8: /"( .&--&/(( @f/5 6"5>jfB: &.9 A5=3$(9 &//(./#5. 5. & A(6 >&=-5$/-3=/3-&7 9(?#=($ $((. &$ -(7&/#.' /5 /"( =5>>3.#=&/#5. <(/6((. /"( /65: /5 /"( 9(/-#>(./ 5A 5/"(- >&W5- 23($/#5.$ &.9 %"(.5>(.&C ; "&?( &7-(&98 .5/(9 /"( 23($/#5. 5A /"( 7&.'3&'( 5A G=/#5. &.9 /"&/ 5A /"( <#%7&.&- -(=(%/#5. 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5.C ; 6#77 >(./#5.: "(-(: /"( #$$3( 5A %75/ %-593=/#5. ?!"##"$%&' $'!5%)! #. p&%"&t7 F&-5.#Y$ /(->#.575'8B: 6"#=" "&$ 75.' <((. .('7(=/(9 A5- -(&$5.$ /5 95 6#/" /"( "#$/5-8 5A .&--&/575'8 &.9 #/$ /-(.9$C [$ F&-5.# %3/$ #/: \_CCCa 5.( =&. _CCCa =-#/#=#Z( /"( -(7('&/#5. 5A \.&--&/#?( $(23(.=(] /5 /"( -('#$/(- 5A & .&--&/#?( /"(>(: A3.=/#5. 5- >5/#A: #. 5/"(- 65-9$ #/$ &$$#>#7&/#5. 6#/" /"( 75'#=&7 A5-> 5A /"( $/5-8: /5 /"( 9(/-#>(./ 5A /"( $/398 5A /"( =5>%7(R -(7&/#5.$ A5->(9 <(/6((. 6"&/ #$ /579: /"( >&..(- #. 6"#=" #/ #$ /579: &.9 /"( &($/"(/#= &#> 5A /"( &--&.'(>(./ 5A /"( (?(./$ /5 A5-> & %75/fV \_/a5 -(>&#. 6#/"#. & $/-3=/3-&7#$/ A-&>(65-D: /"( %75/ 65379 A&77 #./5 /"( 95>&#. _CCCa &$ >3=" 5A N(.(//(Y$ >59&7 .&--&/575'8 &$ 5A /"(>&/#= .&--&/575'8: (?(. #A: &/ /"( /#>(: 23($/#5.$ %(-/&#.#.' /5 .&--&/#?( $(23(./#&7#/8 6(-( >5.5%57#Z(9 <8 /"( 7&//(- /-(.9 /5 /"( 9(/-#>(./ 5A /"( A5->(-] @`I)I0)+I: )+`B @;/ =5379 &7$5 <( $&#9 /"&/ /"($( 23($/#5.$ 6(-( 5?(-755D(9 <8 /"( A5->(- /-(.9: $#.=( /"(8 6(-( =5.$#9(-(9 /5 <( /"( %-(-5'&/#?( 5A /"( 7&//(- d ="-5.575'#=&778 /"( A5->(-CB

D/ 01*+ *,( +1( :-9+ ':;-,+*.+ -;(. ;,-<%(:9 '. +1'9 ?(%4 *.4 21*+ *,( +1( ;,-9;(8+9 A-, ;,-5,(997

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

(12)

`)C M87?#( ,&/-5. )H+

$57#9 "#$/5-#=&7 #.%3/C M(=5.9 %5#./0 #./(-9#$=#%7#.&-#/8 &.9 #/$ 7#>P #/$C !"( /"(5-8 5A .&--&/#?( G=/#5. =(-/&#.78 "&$ & 75/ /5 7(&-. A-5> 5/"(- 9#$=#%7#.($ 6"#=" &-( #./(-($/(9: "56(?(- =75$(78: #. .&--&/P #?( #. '(.(-&7 &.9 #. .&--&/#?( 9#$=53-$($ 5- /(R/$ #. %&-/#=37&-C K56(?(-: #/ $"5379 .5/ A5-'(/ /"( /"(5-(/#=&7 >(/"59 5A 9#$=-#>P #.&/#.' /&$D$ &.9 $%(=#A8#.' 5<W(=/$ 6"#=" "&$ <((. (>%758(9 <8 7#/(-&-8 /"(5-8 $#.=( #/ 6&$ A5->(9 &$ & 9#$=#%7#.(C

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to