HAL Id: hal-00264971
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00264971
Submitted on 18 Mar 2008
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
“Half-lanthanidocenes catalysts via the
”borohydride/alkyl” route: A simple approach of ligand screening for the controlled polymerization of styrene.”
Philippe Zinck, Andreia Valente, Michael Terrier, André Mortreux, Marc Visseaux
To cite this version:
Philippe Zinck, Andreia Valente, Michael Terrier, André Mortreux, Marc Visseaux. “Half- lanthanidocenes catalysts via the ”borohydride/alkyl” route: A simple approach of ligand screening for the controlled polymerization of styrene.”. Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences. Série IIc, Chimie, Elsevier, 2008, sous presse. �10.1016/j.crci.2007.12.006�. �hal-00264971�
;
<5=?>@>>6+-A?.BCADE+-*56CF3,+GH,+-I
>J!=K+05LM3J?$-!+N*/O
PQRTSTRVUUMWYXZR\[^]`_/ab[McdeWRTfhgfSTWi[jJW2aklRT]iQ^fmS/nW0ddeRTWid ab[^c*deopkrq2d%jsd WitvuMakrf0de]
ghR5ww W<fitvux
y%z0{E|~}%/,s 0-{-.e|~-Me|^`|~-z0%v{-|,v`|z0/e|E^}-.y-~vYvy3
y`N .y2`V|y¡¢{`|£3¢ `¤-¥0¦e¤§©¨¢{3ªe«¬%¡33^J-{¡®
! #"%$'&$)(*#+, .-0/01234'5627"%$8$)9:;<23%>=.?8@A;:A5"B@?;%%5C":: $B
@D1EFE%B@G@=<1H$)$'I23I2.J: $KLM)NO"!23)5P =Q@.2<R%5SRQ<@TLPG2.U:AV)O@WV"X"%5ZY'[P\GY^]'_M"::"%EM"%5
)5B23AB@D23)5`a23$T=.J2."B@G@O@G@L4%5O20=b2.)5=7$K1%5E%=0"$')`"%5c5>2.:=.;3LP"%5E%=0"%$=.d
$"%5B2."%5E%5XE%"!23"%$KH@D2@eS-X$'$f@7H@D23%L@T$%"FU23UgU%$)$E%5B2.3;$)$%4$))` LP)NO"!23)5U f:$KL4h)NO"G27)5
:E%B@i@B@eS <@JLM!2. 8@T2.O1@j"ZE%5Vk5%5B22#;$=2.ZE%5B2.3$'$%:$lLM)NO"!23)5;=,@D2.R%5
@D23"h#2.)5`m=< Ln"PE%LoLU 542.7<@7)Z:FE!1G@,"5mE% LPLME%"k$$))`"k5 @GSWP'5=3$l1%5EBP =
2.J5"G2<10;=@AFV;"%$H$'`"%5p@q5?2.0"%EG27KVr2.ME%1H$lUXB@.23"!$8<@%sgPr2.Z2.5 @qE%7B@3:;5;)5R`U23
2.H@t23")5Fu@D23"<2.)5`v=< Lw2.x<@ $)"G23%y:FE!1@@!zj{U|T:~}{P|T:3v{M|T:x*7|T: |,#{U7s
|T:37 ,hsKslf
|,#{ZAs>|T:% |,#%D/GSWB@uAB@D1$r2@~@.1``@D2"5n)5=7$K1%5E%;=c2.%$8FE!2.5
5"!2.)5`M")$8r2.M=H2.0$')`"%5Z"G2.2."54@D23hlEJ%B1K%LMk5O2@GS
I%
"V; );D1A! ."%$K&$)5 627)"%$%LMk5O2!V%$);::F:1$)": $KLM#@A"!23);5
$. 8<@:¡%5P"P!23P"::$'B1%P"VOE4@D1EFE%¡@j¢o$"Z: $KLh@"!23)5B1c@.2DR¡%5RSH|,!2<23ZLP!2. ?12.)$)#@iO
@%$)5a15m"::EY)[£\GY^]'_x@V¡%$>¤!2.¥15¦1R2.)$J)5B23AB@@i"%5B2X:1U!V"%$r1P$. 8)5=D$K1pk5E%>H K15
$8)`"%5§@.1Z$B@X:=.;LP"%5E%O@PE%"!23"%$KO27B1B@IEF LP: $)¨;@I42DR:>%LM)d7$8"%5O2."%5 E%¡%5B@GSq1@
$@@7@D23¡%LMB@`%5AB@:"E%!2<23©V; )CE%;5B1H<@i%5B2o¢©15c$')` LU#@A"!23);5£ I: $KL4h<@i"!2.l;5ªB1
@D2<R¡%5«%5PE%5B2.3¬;$l%SR|bG2<230"::3 Eh0E%5 @.27r2<10R5Eb150LP!2. ?@)LP: $J:1:$KL4h<@AQ$
@D2<R¡%5L4"%5¡®E%5B2.¬$)%¯¢°:".27K l15:FE!1@G1±2.7@7;D1A²!2±²$8)`"%5H@
E%LPL4hE%8"G1 ¨pS« 8)5=7$K1k5E%ZZ$8"Z5"!2<1AZH l15$))`H"%5@D1,$. <"%EG2.lV623oP"?:1m¤G2.Z!23"!$z{M|T:}
{U|³:7,9{P|T:SH|,B@,AB@D1$r23"!2@0@.1``¡%5B2q15P'5=3$l1p5EBPP$8"P%5 @623o%$%E!2.A;5)B1PB@j$8)`"%5H@
:$r123¬B2fB10J=."%E!23G1@T@D23G7)B1@eS
«"t%".2.y"%$'=3d@i"%5BgU8E% E%LZ:$8¨B@m"A&5gI5"B@)`$'ªVG@A"!2.)$8£: $KLM)NO"!23) 5
:%EF"!23"$KH@.2@££E%"G23"k$K@D2@GSP- |T:%"<|Q{P* Kt
/7D¦*7|T:~ |,#%D/£"k$)=3d7$8"%5O2."%5E%5xgP"@
:<23%x=.U2.a: $KLM)NO"!23)5x =ZV;")1@:;$""k5x55dD:$"LP5 LM@'5 "£E%;5O2.$'$lB
=3"B@) 5iS|,"!2.l;5E?@7H@.23%L¥@;"@A%P;5U"0*7|,#t Kt
/E%*7|Q{Z;K
/7*3 {/"%$)=3d@iE%"%5E%5
gU4:;<23%>=.b2.4:;$KLM)NO"!23)59"%59E%:$lLM)NO"!23)59=³V"hl1@05;5dD: $)"h?LP5LP@As
$%"%)5`£523"!$Ka23a15R:%E%Fk5O23%@.2DR%5%d7!2.$%5EF;:$KLMG@02."!2X)5EF;7:"23©@75)23"%E!2.)E
@FB1k5E%@8iS¥-X52.hª¨"%LP: $<@ª` KV%5°¯"|³:M*#+,{ 7/7*7{/7>78n"%$)=7d
5F LPE%%5y2."G2c$l%"%H@t"%=823t"5Y)[ \eY<])_"%$K&$"2.);5v2. 5!g @.23h;A`1$)"£$)E&!#"£"5
@D23"2.<@D23)E%"%$$o<@:5%d@D2<R%5CE%;:$KLM@"k5¦23c2.15:FE%%%5B23%£: $KH@.2DR%5cE%"!23"%$KNkB
E"k)59`g02.959"4LP!23"%$%#"S&UB@7:r23@D1Eh>:Lo.@)5`9:23h5B2.)"%$8627B@AsW:$KL4h)NO"G27)59E%"G23"k$K@D@
1@)5`LP 5*7EE%$);:%5O23"%;lk5$)/tE%LZ:$F¨O@t;=>2.~"h%"<2. @£AkLU"k)5H@£:7$K¨:$);A% )5
E%LZ:"<@54232.%KJLM!23"%$)$)EB%5oLP $)`1B@s:B"$)mB1U2.2.P;)=.=7E!1$r27@j%5E%15B23h%)5
2.@75O2.B@<@X;=q2.@ME% LZ:15H@GS'75%%s"h4%"%D2."%$)=3d@i"%5BgPE%>EF LZ:$8¨;@«"P`%5"%$$8
E%5 @F"O@: 3$l @.23"!$%s§%$)FE!2.5)E%"%$8$)LU 15 @A"!2<1"!23F"h5@D233)E%"%$8$) ;:h5% 85
E%LZ:"<@5¥gUr27m$8"%5O2."%5 E%h5@s"5>"@0"ME%5 @OB15EO%s%$)""!23%a@.5O2.!23)EoA123B@j"GVU2.
o1f@F(*)+S-, FV;%$);:%>%EFk5O27$KC">@8LP:$"k5cE%5BV%5%5B2j123Z2.gP"A¥2.=.;LP"G2.);5C =
la"%$=.dA$"%5B2."%5)E%%5O@sgPAo2.EE%$<:5"%;lk5$$8)`"%5a<@X)5B2.B1E%%9=<L²r2i@
5G12."%$0:2#;5"!23%x=.7L1@)5` "%5 "k$&;$L4"h` 5B@K1L A%"`%5B2"B@G@A E%)"!23F2#~">2.78@7
:%EG1@$#.S@CE%"$)$O©h;)! ."%$)&$123h($)%"%959;54"%5239"45Gg®=."kLM8$)9 =
8LM!23"%$)$8E?l 5E?E%LZ:15 @ = 2. `%5h"%$ =.L?1$8"/<*7|T:0%/Dq5*#+,{$7/
D'¦`*7{1/32*7|T:0? ©|³:
9|,#%7s;q5M 4s4
s;q5P ©"Fs5657|T:0Z 9|T:4 C|,#{U7s;q5P Ms98
7|³:0X 9|T:A3H 9|,#{ID s
5 :4s; /³2."!2³E%1$lm;o<@$8"G23%1@)5`m"45%d.:HB2j@75O2.B@<@«*<Ek%L49hs=#>./GSH|,LU)5%423
)"%$'&$8LM"`5@r1LMs¥2.%K"::$8EO"!2.)523 2.:$lLM)NO"!23)5;=£<@:5!V;O"k$<@"u)`$8
@D23hH@%$)FE!27KV;J%"%E!23)5P*<EkLMJ/GS
[(CpR)Ln(BH4)3]2[Mg(THF)6] 1. toluene
2. THF 3. toluene Ln(BH4)3(THF)3+HCpR+0.5nBuEtMg
E%LMS ;$KLM)NO"!23)5)5V $KV'5`®2.n);5EnE%LZ:15 23"%)5%²®2. +, .- 1R23
*I 8@A;:h5/GS
[(CpR)Ln(BH4)3]2[Mg(THF)6] + n I +1nBuEtMg
toluene
C CH
H2C CH2
H3C
n
, ~:=.;LPF;5v2.~2.hc"%5±2.~:;$KLM8Nk"!2.)5u1@)5`"%5vY'[ \GY^]'_`%5"!23%
LP 5 |T:M5%L4K1L"OE!2.KVZ@7:%E%@WP2.«+, .-~AB123 )5Z2.0:B@A5E%X;=<@:5?"%5U1@)5`"%5
"%r23);5"%$q%B1HKV"%$%5B2j=,8"%$)&$8LM"`5@K1HL®=.;,2.M"k$&;$"!23)5c@D23:©*<E%LM "/GS4AB@D1$r23'5`
E%"!23"h$lO23E±::<2.)@£gPA @)L4$"x5B2¦5$K 2# 2^H@v@7VF°@D23"h#2.)5`n=<A L 2.u<@ $l"!23%
8LM!23"%$)$8EwE%LZ: $¨ s~12"$<@ 2# 2.p@A @D2#"D2.)5` =< L = 2.5!12."$vLP $)`1
|T:4*<+b{ 7/7A*7 {/7m*<EkLU§s#.D/mR23")5%~v) 5ExLP!23"!2.B@<@GSX#@mY'[\eY<]'_v5t:B2
LM!2.5"$8O@b2.O1@T23`5h"!23?V7mO"B@$'C@:D@D2.lEB"G23%EF"!23"$KO27E¥@7@D23%L@T2."!2³"P23"%)5%
"%=8230@!V;"%$Q@75B2.!2.E4@D23h:H@s"h542.!V"%$r1p"!23 2.o)5=7$K1%5E%P=b@3:BE%)=7Eo$))`"k5 @j;542.PE%"!23"$KO27E
%"FVl1« =,"%$)=7d7$"%5B2."%5E%5B@0)59"@)LP:$8"%5>EF;5OV%5k5O2TgU"FS, oA:;<2,)52.#@«=<"%LM%s
"%=823" %=t¨235@) 523 2.±:$KLM'Nk"!27l;5;=£<@:5 1f@)5`®$"k5O2."%5B1L "B@A%n"%$)=7d
@"%5BgPEkB@sf"4@8L4$"0@D2."23`"::$)8O42.42.Z:$lLM)NO"!23)5;=,@D2.R%5S«%"OE!2.)5H@,:=.;LP%
V"b2.<@+, .-yA123bgIr2.ZY)[o\eY<])_4)5B2.B1E2.);5U =H2.0$'`"5@D23"<2.)5`M=< L~{U|³:Os{U|³:M"%5?{M|T: 7
<@4@gI5>2."!2,2.=.;LPILP!2.ch5"F$B@I52«;5$K923£!V"%$r1"G232.%=.=7%EG2X=0"$))`"%5c5>2.
E%"!23"h$lO23E©:A;:<2.)@M'5t"c@Lo:$gP"sT12P$l%"%H@M"$<@2#x"¥gUk$)$jE%5B2.$)$%:$KLM'Nk"!27l;5t =
@D2<R%5a@D23"<2.)5`£=<L"E% LPLP 5>2.7@7;¥:A%E!1@A;IELZ)5%©2#£ELPL4hE%8"%$,$8)`"%5H@
"5o"%$'&$)LM"k`5O@l1LE% LZ:15HS
E%LM "? ;$KLM)NO"!23);5XZ+, .-yY)[P\GY<])_P7123j*
I #@A;:A5/eS
Ln(BH4)3(THF)3 + HCpR + 0.5 nBuEtMg + n I +1 nBuEtMg toluene
C CH
H2C CH2
H3C
n
E%LMu® «`1$"7(:$8LM)NO"!23)5²@.23"#2.)5R`²=<iL 2.u5G12."$9"%$8=.d7$"%5B2."k5E%%5*
I
<@:5/GS
Cp*Ln(BH4)2(THF)2 + n I + 1 nBuEtMg
toluene
C CH
H2C CH2
H3C
n
!"#%$'&()*+(-,(./00213-045768*970(:+;'%<0=()>?30@AB%CD,()*E)<-0
F )(4G%,);%H450(%I*<-')B450?4 F()4J:KL()*E7M<0(ME F()4J'+<*;FON;<0<0%)3@0 ')'3+,(03P(Q)(Q
RTS
8
R*U 8V
S
<0=W
S
97#(:+;''<0=X%'()300
F
()4Y 3@))(%<0')*Z,-( )
F
[45-'<.;%'?\,?);]H4^0('I.<-')
8 8
: $KLM)N"G2.);5¯ =ª<@:5 1@)5` E% LI: $¨ ^*7|T:8/D³"%*#+,{ 7/
.'£`*.{1/32 6
E%LZ'5F©23a[d#R12<$!2.$8LM"`5@r1L <@Z:<23%cq"!$hs23;`2.0gPr2.>2.¥O@D1$r2@I23"%)5%
"%E%EF;)5R`23¥2.Z+, <-Y)[>\GY^]'_9LP 5 |T:>`5"!23)59:)E!23%m;5 E%LM "HS +«2.>5O2.7)@«E%"%5
E%LZ:"F 23 2. :$lLM'Nk"!27l;5 = #@A;:A5 1@'5R` 2. 2.@7;) :%EG1@
"%*#+,{ 7/
*3 {/
6 ELZ)5%²23 [d#R12<$!2.$LM"` 5@l1L + tW°)5B2.3B1E!2.)5 ;=x2.
:5O23"kLU!2.$EF;E%$);:%5B23"%)%5$$8)`"%5o1@)5`o2. +, .-123B@$)O"% @23*DK/,"o@)`5)=7E%"%5B2q)5E%"O@Z =
2."%E!2.KVr2.sT=<L P23ca&` <LU $r .s*A)K/U"k5C)5EO"B@ =,2.][\hd@%$%E!23lV62D¦=J2.%"%E!23)5s
=< L !"?23"!>#®"h5P*7'))/q5"7AgULP $%EG1H$"gM%K`B2 8@D2.K123)5 @q*3k5O2.7B@0j"%5Z4VH@eS9$+/GS
+«B2.4123O@T)5V $KV)5`"ZLP5|³:EF LZ:15$)O"%o2.>@7)L4$","%E!23KVr2."%5©@Ak$%EG27KVr2.s =. $)$)gP)5 `
2.2.5 @U@7V;%=.Z5% LMK1HL "B@i%£EF LZ:15 @#.Sq¥+, ^-nY'[t\GY<])_£1238@X2.B1f@P"
E%5BV;k5%5B2I2.$b23ª!V"%$r1"G23©2.97$a:$)"Ot2.c$'`"%5s0FV;%5x)=U2.aO@D1$r27)5`ªLP $%EG1H$"
gUk` O2@q"?@$))` O27$KP$@@WE%;5O2.7$)$%P*#&$' tOS." VH@eS OS"!?=.q5B2..ZM"5©hsB@3:%E!2.KV%$)/GS
;$KLMKNR"!2.)5 =u<@:%5n1@'5`2.$"%5B2."k51L 8LM!23"%$)$8E) 5E²:FE%"!23"%$KH@D2 6 "%5
E%LZ:"<@5?gPr23?2.JY'[P\GY^]'_P`5h"!2.)5P=p2.0"%E!2.KV?@7:FEkB@
5B2.D A%E%"!23"$K@D2 W)LM
*D/
Z)%$
*#>/
-XE!23lV62D
&` .LP $r .
2.
` .LP $
` .LP $
&$' hsKd
2."5@
*#>/
hsKd
E%<@
*#>/
"sK
*#m/
6 . HS "!! " OS"! !>HS. HS) OS!
[P\eY<]'_ ) !HS. "! )+" OS." !.HS> HS" "
+
6
) HS> > >" OSO !S )S" OS!
«%"%E!2.)5H@qE%5B1EG23%P"!2 ) |cgPr2.>
2
LP $;= 6>
6sj%B1KV"%$%5B2[d#R12D$8G2.$8LM"%`5B@K1L
=.2.0"$K&$"!23);5U"k5P" 'D 8"J"G2.)P;=,o)5>,LZ92.$r1%50* ' 8@A;:h5/
$«%"%EG27)5H@ME%5B1E!23F§"2 ) i| gP62.
2
LP $j;=
6 sP%B1KV"%$8%5O2?{U|T: soOS)£FB1HKV"%$%5B2X[d
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL"%5P" 'D "J"!2.)P=bZ)5>,LZ923;$r1%50*<E%LM "/
T¨:FE!23%LP $%EG1H$"gP%)`B2v"O@@D1L4)5` 5²`AgI)5`wE%"k)5w:$8"%5O2."%5B1Lmz
%$8#¦'# 8-
Z1LU;d7"V;"`0LP $)OE!1$"gUk` O2LM%"O@D1%? ,|
$l;;<@3:Hi@r2DU'5¨MLM%"B@.1%? ,|t*#& '
/
&PG237LP)5B?"!){ Z
;
GY ])Y[P\h]h]'Y)[ Y[YY O]8Y ]\h]'\
:$lLM)NO"!23)5£ =Z@.2DR%5¥1@)5`tE%LZ: $¨@
s 6s 8
sb"h5 ;
E% LZ)5%a23c[d
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL¯"%E%EF;)5`23 EkLU4a<@ji:;<23%)5mQ"$oS-X$8$,@7H@D23%L@«"4"$o23
$')` LU'Nk : $KLM)NO @.2DR%5 "!2 ) |0S Q )5B2.B1E2.);5 = 2.
:5O23"kLU!2.$EF;E%$);:%5B23"%)%5$$8)`"%5?1@)5`U2.<@+, .-ª123J$)O"% @f23o*.K/q"0%EF"B@0)54"FE!27KVr2.U"k5
*7)K/45"7gPhoLU $)%E!1$"ZgP%)`B2U#@.2.7K123)5 @M"@MEO;LZ:"h%c23a2.2.78@7;;)>:%E!1@A;i@
5*#+,{ 7/
*7{/
*#q5 4s
"h54T5 9"%s
6H/GSf,5%BLMl1L"O@i%EF"!23"%$l@D2@As LP $%EG1H$"
gUk` O2@M"@LM"%$8$Z2."k5¨:%EG23%§EF;5@8)5`§2gPt`7gZ)5R`ªE%"%)5H@4:MLM"` 5@l1Lw"G23;L s
)` $)` O2.'5R`4:H@@K$8J15E%5B2.3;$)$%Z2."5 @=3q%"%EG2.);5@GS'=2.0:;$K<@7:G@r2.M<@T"FE%EO:23"!$?*<-& '
OS"/£)5u2.=D)@.2t@D23:H@t=>2.~:$KL4h)NO"G27)5s42.LP $%EG1H$"cgU%'`B29 "F5 @t"%$)5`2.
:$lLM)NO"!23)5c=.?` /2< 8q59"!2.lp@AsQ:7"G$'t"O@Z"E%5 @A%B1%5E%=b2."FV;"k5EO%©2."h5 @=.
%"FE!2.)5 @GSW?$"%5B2."%5B1Lu"B@F@7H@D23%L$%"Fp@'5Z2<175Z2#"?E%5B2^7$)$%o: $KLM)NO"!23)54=T@D2<R%5
)5:%5%5B23$KM =H2.$2< q5Z"!2.)M*#&$' t%S/gIr2.P"5U"%E!23lV62D@L4$8"h2.?2."!2 ;=fr2@5%LPl1pL
LP $)`1S9|,;5E%75)5`2.4$))`H"%5%=.=7OE!23sf"@$))`2.$lm)` j"%E!23KVr2Dm"%=823,*7%5B2.7B@ >m"k5!
\ $"/E%"h5 ;£@A7V%§1@)5` |T:~"%5~|T:3¥V@GS0|T:OsJgZE%~@.1``HB@.2@"%5ª'5=3$l1%5E%£ =Z2.
%$)%E!2.A;5;5"!2.)5`m"F$8r2.A"!2.q2."%5>@D2338EX%B1KikLM%5B2@eS !| U @3:BEG2."Z'5P2.?:%5$fYT\
E%".5A` l 5gPA²=.15 2#²)5 "`%%LM%5B2 gPr2. " @75;l23"%EG2.)E%dD)E% : $KH@.2DR%5 ^s
)5:%5%5B23$KM=p2.J5"!2<1j;=H2.J$))`"5HS-ªh:B@h5B23"!2.KVJ:"G2<2375Z8@ ` KV%51f)`14hS
!
);'03-;'<.( 970' '("') (.;%'%
F
()4 ,?);%H450('I0<@') ) F
H(0 /% ?P(<*;
#
,$&%=?_E')(b*O_+'-, b*53.)4 ,?)*?L30)4."0) ! N
"H;'-H;45<*?*4 <0( 30)0>=97% ()*9 )
F
)
45<*3-()45);'03-?;'<*(3-?<@%B,#(<@;0/H; ()*,8/0 (
F213 64
1
56, ()487:9# % <;
,03-(< _=, (?>-bC8 LH?')*E<*3-'30%HJ) F E30)((.,)?L,?);H45@(Q % ?)*2#<";' )
OE>?2
F
)*?([-,<.[3-?<@(C<*3--(EO'3.[)
F
';]H H')<*3-3,);H'H(0
3=@
4+<0^)5,0(
F
)(4 <BA<0'<0DC
<0<0;]H
;$KLMKNR"!2.)5P =@.2<Ak5b1@)5`o8LM!23"%$)$)E )58EJ:A%E%"!23"%$KH@.2@
5B2.D
|,LZ:$8¨
*<q5s $))`"%5/
2< 8q5 W)LM
*D/
Zlk$
*#m/
-XE!23lV62D
&` .LP $r .
2.
` .LU $
` .LP $
&$'
" *Ms|T:%/ OS G .9) OS<G
) "HS " > OS>
*Ms|T:%/ ! ) OS > OS
) 6*#"%s|T:%/ HS! ! . OS
6 > S . OS>
. 6*#"%s|T:%/ ) OS " " OS
> 8 *Ms|T:/ . OS G > OS.
8 *Ms|T:/ )+. OS "9) S
! ; *Ms|T:
/ " OS. . >" OS"
; *Ms|T:
/ "9) "! HS! " S)O
«%"FE!27l;5@,E%5B1E!23F4"!2 ) |§gPr23 HS)PLZª@.2DR%5?)5 HS)PLZ£23$r1%5?)5E% LZ)5"!2.)5ogUr27Z[d
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL
Q¨:%E!23%£LP $)FE!1H$"XgP%K`B2I"B@i@D1L4)5`c2<gI£`3gI)5`tEk"%'5H@I:PLP"`5@K1HL "!23;L¥z
%$8#¦ 23^ ^'£`f*<B2f >@D2<R5h/
Z1HLZ;d7"Vh"`0LP $%E!1$"gP%K`B2fLM%"B@.1%Z ,|
$K#@3:@r2.M)5F¨MLPO"B@.1%? ³|§*#& '
/
f)`SJOS! | U ²@3:%E!2."'592.: %5$bYT\tE%"hD;59h` )5c=.I"!23"%E!2.)E: $KH@D2.R%5@D1$r23'5`
=< L "%5 - '.+ )5 r23"!23% A"%;lE%"%$n: $KL4h)NO"G2.) 5 *7"/sn=.; " M*#+,{$3/
*. {/
[d
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL®EF LZ'5"G2.);5m*#/s=.j"4|T:4*#+,{ 7/7*.{1/3 [d#R12D$8G2.$'LM"%`5B@K1L
E%LZ'5"G27)5s=.;q5O2<DmGM*7/q"5o=.q5B2^D>P*7h/GS
145.0 145.5
146.0
146.5 ppm
145.0 145.5
146.0
146.5 ppm
145.0 145.5
146.0
146.5 ppm
mrrrrr rrrrrr rmrrrr rrmrrr
145.0 145.5
146.0
146.5 ppm
mrrrrr rrrrrr rmrrrr rrmrrr
145.0 145.5
146.0
146.5 ppm
mrrrrr rrrrrr rmrrrr rrmrrr
mrrrrr rrrrrr rmrrrr rrmrrr
rr mr
mm mr rr
mm
c a
b
d
144.8 145.0 145.2 145.4 145.6 145.8 146.0 146.2 146.4 146.6
146.8 ppm
145.0 145.5
146.0
146.5 ppm
e
4:$KL4h)NO"G27)59=0@D2.Ak5"%E%E%)5`>2. EhLM"c@D23"<2.)5`C=< L{U|³:Os{U|³:C"5
{U|³: 7 @4h:;<23%§)5Q"!$ "HS= L 2.©V;"%$l1£=?2.a:$l;;<@3:G@r2D)5¨@*<-& '
≤ OS)
!¨;EBh:2T=.T{P|T:
77
=.;j"B2< 44"2.)>=q/s"$)$q@7@D23L@j"P"!$?23;$))`;LMKNR? q:$lLM)NO
@D2<R%5©gPr23"©gUk$$XE%5B2.3;$)$%xE%"h"%E!23"!2) i|0S,Wc'5O2.B1Ee2.)5;=P"CEE%$):k5O23"%)%5$
$8)`"%5s:"D2.)E!1$"$'P{U|³:01@)5`o2.X! 3"%$K&$)(?Y)[4\GY^]'_M1230$)%"F @W23*.K/T"X%EA%"B@X'5
"%E!2.KVr2.C"%59*7)K/X5"7AgU0LP $l%E!1$8"hJgP%K`B2«8@D2.K123)5 @X"B@ E% LZ:"A%23¥2.o2^7<@77
:%EG1@@4"59'<28@523!gIe2.Z2."!22.«& 'QALP"%)5H@,'5Z2.XE%5B2.3;$)$%oA"k5R`?=.Q)`
2< M?"2.)4"h5o$l 5`:$lLM)NO"!23)5?23'LMB@W*7¨E%%:2f=.;{U|T:
77
/q"O@q;::H@F 2.?2.b"%5)5 `
H@hDV%@.23"D2.)5`=<A L±2.?) 5E0:%E!1G@A;GSR0O"%E!2.)54$O"% @TLU;FV;W23"Z@75;l23"%EG2.)E%dD)E%
:$l@D2.R%5%s )5:H%5k5O2.$KM =H2.J5"!2<1J=H2.0$)'`"%5HSB-ª:AB@%5B23"G2.lV;J:"!2823h75P8@`lV%51f)`1
hHSO-y)`q"FE!27KVr2.U"k=823ho<@qH@ihDV%?1f@)5`Z{M|T:M"5?{U|³:
V@GS%{P|T:OsgZE%PE%5=7KL@2.
2.5 @m@DV;%y:AFVl1@$)HS A;L %5B2.7 .sZ"£`~"`R%%LP%5B2M!2<gU%5 ¨:h)LM%5B23"%$I"k5
E%"%$)E!1$"!23%5B1LZd7"Vh"`ZLP $%E!1$"TgP%)`B28@j@iDV;%gUr27P{M|T:E% LZ)5%423¥5% BL4K1L
2.78@7;;A;)S
;$KLMKNR"!2.)5P =@.2<Ak5 +b .-ªY)[D\GY^]'_P`5h"!23);5U;=fLP 5|T:ME%;LI: $)¨B@
5B2.D 5 K`H"%5 2< 8q5 'LM
*DR/
Z)%$
*#>/
-XEG27KVr2.
&` .LU $r .
2.
` .LU $
` .LU $
&$'
M {U|³: ! > OS<!
M ) "HS " > OS>
G M {U|³: > HS. . ! OS<G
" " {U|³: ) OS<!
" > S . OS>
G " {U|³: "" HS) ) >> OS!
) M {U|³: "" OS> > OS
. M {U|³: . OS. )) )+> OS)
> M {U|³:
7
. OS G OS<.
M {U|³: 7 "> HS ) ">9) OS>9)
0F"%E!23);5@0EF;5B1E!23%"!2 ) G|xgPr23 HS)LP$T@.2DR%5o)5 HS)L4$23;$r1%54'5mE% LZ)5"!23)5¥gP6274[d
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL
Q¨:%E!23%£LP $)FE!1H$"XgP%K`B2I"B@i@D1L4)5`c2<gI£`3gI)5`tEk"%'5H@I:PLP"`5@K1HL "!23;L¥z
%$8#¦ 23^ ^'£`f*<B2f >@D2<R5h/
Z1HLZ;d7"Vh"`0LP $%E!1$"gP%K`B2fLM%"B@.1%Z ,|
$K#@3:@r2.M)5F¨MLPO"B@.1%? ³|§*#& '
/
4: $KLM)NO"!23);5© =?@.2DR%5o1f@)5`92.5!12."$,EF;LZ:15C|T:4*#+,{ 7/7*3 {/7 #"bV@GSH2.
5B@UR23")5%£=< L²2.¥+, .-n123*D)58Em"k5cY'[£\eY<]'_t)5B2.3 B1E2.)5£=J2.>$))`"k5/P#@I:#23F
q"!$ SX"%E!2.KVr23B@@7V;%4"A )`"%5U2.?EF;5O2<3;$V;2.?LP$%E!1$"WgU%K`B2q8@q!2<23G
1@)5`2.P5!12."%$f"%$)=7d75F LPE%%5z;2.U5O1HLZAd"GV"h`oLP $%EG1H$"TgUk)`B2@j"AoE%$)H@h³2#2.
2.F;2.)E%"%$I;5@E%5H@) h)5R` 2<gUy`3gZ)5` E%"%)5H@:hLP"h` 5@K1L "G23;LS%'75ªEF;5O2."B@D2P2#2.
:"!2.OgP"£)5V; $KV'5`c2.) 5E¥LM!23"%$'$E¥:FE%"!23"%$KH@2.sT"5c)5£"a@L48$"0gU"F923>2.4+b .-Y'[£\eY<]'_
123hsb2.c: $K;;<@7:h@r2.ª%LM"k)5H@mE%5 @.23"5B2"%$) 5R`y2.c:$KLM'Nk"!27l;5 "%5ª=.;)`:2< M
"!2.lp@eS P@%$%E!23lV62D<@,)` hQ1@)5`42.Z5!12.A"k$pEBLZ:15s"B@,r2<@,:p@i@K$8023B1"5O2.r23"!23 2.
@75;l23"%EG2.8E%r2.*3"15 ) #>/,=<;L2.Uh:23"% @j@.V%;542. !| Z :"!2823h75* fK`1>hE%s
#"D/iS
+, <-ª`%5A"!23%?VH@eSB5!12."%$:%E%"G23"k$K@D2@
T5O2.D
«123 2< M )LM
*./
|,5BVi@) 5
*$#>/
-XEG27KVr2.
&` .LU $r .
E%"%$)ES
*D` <LU $K/
*D` <LU $K/
-& '
" 'A;5)E OS G .9) OS#G
[P\GY^]'_ ! > OS#!
#" M!12."h$ " OS. . G OS"
'A;5)E ! ) OS > OS
G [P\GY^]'_ > HS. . ! OS#G
#" M!12."h$ OS! ) . OS
0F"%E!23);5@0EF;5B1E!23%"!2 ) G|xgPr23 HS)LP$T@.2DR%5o)5 HS)L4$23;$r1%54'5mE% LZ)5"!23)5¥gP6274[d
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL
Q¨:%E!23%£LP $)FE!1H$"XgP%K`B2I"B@i@D1L4)5`c2<gI£`3gI)5`tEk"%'5H@I:PLP"`5@K1HL "!23;L¥z
%$8#¦ 23^ ^'£`f*<B2f >@D2<R5h/
Z1HLZ;d7"Vh"`0LP $%E!1$"gP%K`B2fLM%"B@.1%Z ,|
$K#@3:@r2.M)5F¨MLPO"B@.1%? ³|§*#& '
/
n¨235@) 5 = 2. +, .- @.2."!23`s§)5r23"%$8$' !V;%$);:F=.~2.5F LMl1L LM%"!23%
:$lLM)NO"!23)5 ;=<@:5Fs 2.x2.§$)"%5O2."%5B1L "B@%ª: $KLM'Nk"!2.)5~=#@A;:A5x"O@O%5
E%"3l% 12n@D1E%EFB@@=<1H$$'SªQ+b .- "::"%E "@O%5 =#1.2.":: $)% 23 2."%$=7d
$"%5B2."%5E%5 LM%"!23%n:;$KL4h)NO"G27)5® =ª@D2.h5SmWh5 @ =.; "%E!2.KVr2.¯"%5@A%$8FE!27KVr23
23")5FU1@)5`o2. Y)[4\GY^]'_@D2."!23h`ZgPh?=.15U23o;?)5M"`%%LM%5B2gUr2.Z2.H@X@DV;%¥@.23"D2.)5`
=< Lw2.t#@A $)"!23F~);5E£"%$8=3d7$"k5O2."%5§EF LZ:$8¨B@!z?@'LM8$"m"%E!23KVr27B@m=.;/M VH@eSb"c"@%
E%"!23"h$lO23E§@7H@D23%L4@As0"@LM"%$8$"%E!23lV62Dª=.o{U|T:aV@GSQ{U|T:ª"5{M|T:3s0"5y@75)23"%E!2.)E%d.E%
:$l@D2.R%5@GSRW<@qEF;5=7)L@2.b1f@%=81$)5@i@q =q@D1E%M"5P"::"%EM=.;qGV"%$K1"!27)5R`U2. )5=7$K1%5E%0 =
"y$))`"%5v;5O23y2.ªE%"!23"%$KO27Ex::<2.)B@GSIW +, .- Y)[u\eY<]'_v31R23 $l%"%H@cLP%Vh©2#u5"h77g
LP $%EG1H$"?gU%)` O2I#@.2.7K123)5 @P*hOS! x& '< OS)C!¨EF:2Z=.?{U|T:A3P"5£" 2< Mc"2.)£;=
/hzq;5>E%"592.B1f@PE%5 @?2.<@@.2."e23h`;¦"B@M"V%7t@8LP:$8gP"c23£:$KLM'Nk¦@.2DRh5©)5t"
E%5B2.3;$)$%=."@) 5 @D23".2.K5` =.;L "~E%LoLU 5±2.8@7;;A;)y:A%E!1@A;¦"5" E% LPLME%"B$
$8)`"%5HS%1E%c%"V)1P<@PgPVho5B2I@.V%x@D23"<2.)5`t=DA;L2.>5% LMK1HL "B@i%£) 5E
:%EG1@@s "h5 spgIP"Z"%5)5`m#@ @DV;%=.,'`2< M4"2.)p@j"%5$)5`
2.)LMB@GS1EP"bA "%h5'5`M<@s )5B23hB@D2.)5R` $)s52H@Ak.V%?gPr2.X2.0$)"%5B2."%5O1HLE% LZ:15S
4@8LP8$",%"V)1j;=2.Z123O@,'5V; $KV)5`5!12."$f,);5lEoLP 5 |T::%E%"G23"$KH@D2@jH@A7V%
)5>2.E%1i@=³2.5F LMl1LLM%"!23%>:;$KLKNO"!23)59 =J<@A;:h54gP"B@I¨:$"%'5Fa5>2.
"@<@q = "0;<@G@A E%)"!23)5P =H2.X) 5E0E% LZ:$¨4Ak$lB"O@85`"b+,{$
`A1:s$)%"%)5`o2#U2.?@A"%L4X"%E!23KV
@7:FEkB@«"B@T2."!2,=2.o5!12."%$fE% LZ:15:#.SWo:H@@K$4@D23:H@j$%"%'5`2342.#@j"FE!27KV;¥@7:FEk@
)5V $KV)5`²2<gP²;7`31:H@ :~LM!23"h$t"!2.L <@~h:B@i%5B23% Eh%LM )S 1E "
8@G@E%)"!23);5m=³2.4) 5E4=.LUs 2."!2³ EFE!1@0)52.4:B@A5E%M =Q[d#R12D$8G2.$8LM"`5@K1HLPs gU1H$)
2.B1@52M EFE!1)5§2.c:@Ak5E%£ =Z2.c1$)&;y"k5ª$)@@EF )5"!23)5`@D2.R%5£)5 2.£E%"@£ =
5F LMl1L"O@%E%"!23"%$KH@.2@0@'5EO?2.ZO@D1$r2@j"P8=.=3%5B2³*
YoY)[ /GS -Z@j"PE%5 @A%B1%5E%%sH2.
"%E!2.KV; @3:BE%B@LM"~"V;a2.=.L ="£EAgU%ªE%LZ: $¨)5V; $KV'5`ª2.Fa+b{ :LM!23"%$
:$lLM)NO"!23)5HSq-²h:123"!2.KV9"%E!23KVc@7:FEk@7(9)5c23:B@Ak5E%9;=I"%5t"%r27l;5"k$8£`<+n$8)`"%5
LM"m"k$<@A¥ZEF;5H@FHS -:H@@KH$P¨:$"k5"!23);5<@,2."!2,@.1E%"%E!23KV4@7:%E%B@0@8LP:$'=3"V1@,"%5
15EF;5O2.;$)$%?2."5@=.%"FE!2.)5P"B@qE%LZ:"%?2#I2.J%5G12."%$K(X"%E!23KV?@7:FEk@GSIWbgPF"&!gP@
E%LM )S &U#@i@E%)"!23);5;=92.u) 5E:%E%"G23"k$K@.2@x"%=823 "F;r23)5 =£*7K/ª5v%B1KV"k$%5B2
)"%$'&$8LM"`5@r1L"%5*78K/,<@:5Z)5¨;EBO@G@GS+ :B@A%5B2@,"0+b{ T`1:s"5 {CLP $)FE!1H$@
"0LPr2<23%Z=.qE$)"r2.S
0.5 [(Cp*)LnB3]2Mg + MgR2 Cp*Ln
"!
#%$'&
#%$$(&
Cp*Ln
)
*,+-
*.++/-
@D1315;)5R`s "5o$)O"%?2#o"h5P"%E!2.KV?@3:HFEkB@f2."!2 5"F$@q"J`ZEh;5O2.7$;=H2.J:;$KLM)NO"!23);5 S
@LM"%$8$I"%E!23lV62DC"%5@%$%E!23KVr2.C@iDV;%c=.;05%L4K1HL®"@%>+, .-"h:: "FE@0V@GSH2.
5G12."%$;5ZL4"?Ak$"!23Fo2.o2.X:B@%5EBI;=T` ³B1"5B23r2.=q {£)542.ZLM%K1HL!#.7s"5
:H@@K$'Z23?2.0"%;627)5"%$+J{ `A1:P)5?2.XE%)5"!23)5@7:0= 2. LM!23"%$<SR#@+,{ `1:
LM"~)5EA%"B@ia2.£%$)OE!2.35ª5H@r2.§gU8E%§gU1H$)ªB@.1H$r2)5ª"LU;£)=D=38EG1H$r2E%K5"!2.)5ª =
@D2<R%5S
0B@.1H$r2@,=<A L±2.<@j@D2<1M"%E!2@=D)5"B$)$)o23gU"U2.?G¨#@.23%5E%X =8=.=3%5B2W"%E!2.KVU@3:HFEk@
=.J2.4:$KLM'Nk"!27l;59=0@D2.R%5=. $)$)gU'5`>2.8=.=7Ak5O2j7123B@AsW)59EF;5O2."B@D2q2.><@:5zp2.<@
E%"5PJ%$"!23%?2#o:!Vl1@q=7)5'5R` @,@gP)5R`48LP:#2#"5B2 )=7=7h%5E%B@q!2<gU%5Z2.J: $KL4h)NO"G27)5
=J<@:5"%52."!2«;=X@D2.Ak5o1@)5R`£"%$)=7d7$"%5B2."%5E%5@XEF LZ'5F©23cl"k$)&$8LM"`5B@K1L z
2<gI4`3gZ)5`E%"%)5H@Q:hTLP"`5@K1HL"!23L"h?H@A%DV%4=.,@D2<R5J1@)5`|T:M*#+,{$3/7*7{1p/7
E%LZ'5Fm23>[d#R12<$!2.$L4"h` 5@K1L #"7sgZ%"@I5$la;5¥)52.EB"O@ =j#@A;:A5 +iS f"O@D2
"5V;@KH$2."5@=7hoA%"%E!2.)5H@ME%1H$l§LP%VZFk5t"FEkV%§)5c2.aEF"@A9;=P@D2.R%5 #"7s
gI8$£"%5~¨;E%B@G@ =MLM"` 5B@K1HL OE%"O@@42.£"FEF2.KVr2. "%5x"%5@42.tLP $)OE!1$"4gP%)`B2
8@D2.K123)5P;=H2.JB@D1$r23)5`P:;$K<@:5$+S
P)! #"k$&;$)(4A1R23U"B@J;%%5":: $%a@71E%E%O@@=<1H$$'2342.Z:;$KLM)NO"!23)5p=
@D2<R%5S,ª%5Z2.?$))`"k54<@T)5B2.B1E%%PY'[M\GY<])_sB2.<@,LP!2.o:3V)@T"%5M'5O23B@.27)5R`o2.$H=.W2.
"B@i@@@LM%5B2j=Q2.4'5=3$l1%5EBM;=³"4$8)`"%5>5¥2.o:%7=.LP"%5E%M =,"%$8=.d7$"%5B2."%5E%%54EF"!23"%$l@D2@eS
-X$8$Q@7@D23%L@T23B@D23FV)"?2.<@«"::"%E$8F"%234gUk$)$ E%;5O2.7$)$%$))` LP)NO"!23)54 q: $KLM)N"G2.) 5
:E%B@i@B@«*#&$' %S>)5>LPH@D2bE%"B@O@7/GS<@j'`$8)`B2j"@)LZ: $ZgP"23:$KL4h<@A¥@D2.R%54)59"
E%5B2.3;$)$%=3"B@) 5w@.23"D2.)5`w=<L "EF;LPLP 52.8@7;;)°:A%E!1@A;E%LU)5%23w"
!" #!$&% ('*)" $ '+$,%-&% ./$0, -1324-56,$. 7.$5-589-:;< '$1:=:> .$1! .
l;"@A%EO"!23"%$KB23Eo@7H@.23%L¥@³E%1H$)4ZB@.23"$8<@%s gP627P2.5 @jEF;7AB@7:5)5`2.42.H@
23")5F @.23"D2.)5`x=<A L2.a<@A $)"!23%t);5E>:%EG1@i;i@ 8*7|T:0%/.q5*#+,{ 7/
D'£`*7{/ 23zW{U|T:§}
{U|³:7{U|³:SRH@JB@.1H$62@T@D1``B@.2 "5P'5=3$l1%5EB0=H2.0%$)OE!2.3;5U;5"!2.)5`M"8$)r2.P"!2.2."%5
@D23h7)EJ%B1K%LM%5B2@eS
] eY)\
-X$8$f:"2.);5H@qgPh?:=.7LP%o15³A"3`;5P41@)5`:Ek$%5&423FE5)B1pB@GSq;$r1%5
gU"B@q)%PVT@A r1L± %5RNO;:%550"%5P#@.27)$$8OPVLP$)OE!1H$"T@VO@W;%=.;b1@AS2<R%5
"5#@A;:Ak5u*!!# =< L -X$8E%R/gUv8FnV;xEF"k$E%r1L ;;l"%5<@D23)$8$%nV
LP $%EG1H$"~@VO@GSo[712.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL *A=<A L q!¨"@x-X$)&;$)/"%5n)d#[d7¨$8LM"`5@r1pL
*D=<Lu-0&NOP;%$K/gPhb2.?1@Fo"O@#g?2AS;@3$K12.);5@q'5P:23"h5S%q5*#+,{ 7/
*3 {/
f"5
<*7|T:0%/.q5*#+,{ 7/
D'£`*7{/ 2 #>+nE%LZ: $¨O@²gU @75O27B@)NR% "%EOE%;A'5R` 23 $'623"!2<1
:E%%B1OS
GY)\])Y[
[Y ]H\!]l\
'75"?`$);V?;¨;s2.?;)E% LZ:$¨4gU"@qgP%`%)5B23"IV;B@G@%$<Sq $r1%5Fs @.2DR%5
"5o[AR12<$!2.$L4"h` 5B@K1LgPAZ"%%)5o2.Z=7$"@7&)5o2.<@,q1@7)5`9@7R)5`@GSZLPK¨2<1
gU"B@0LM"`5!23)E%"%$8$)£@D2.7%>"G2T2.P%"%E!2.l;523%LZ:"!2<1A4=.;«"o`KV%5¥23)L4Fs;)$K123%>)5¥23$r1%5"%5
2.B@D1$r23)5`ª@ $r123)5agU"@Z:1%£'5O23§2."%5;$)s,$<%"F;)5`£2.c2.:%E%K:r23"!23);5¦ =X"%5t;=.=.dDgPr23
:$lLMeS ;$KV%5O2@ gUV":"!23F©15h?:".2.)"%$³V;"%E!11LMsT"%5©2.¥:A B1E!2jgP"O@Z)F©15
V"FE!11HL=.;OS
[P\GY^]'_ZY)[] _O]'Y[ P] Y[
%B1KV"%$k5O2 ;= [d#R12D$8G2.$'LM"%`5B@K1L4s 2.$r1p5Fs @.2DR%5 "%5 %B1KV"%$%5B2 [
12.$!2.$LM"` 5B@K1HL gU"F%°)52. =3$8"O@7&)5 2.<@ ;h§1@7)5` @7R'5`@eS @"%L
:E%%B1j"B@q"!;V;bgP"O@q%Lo:$);;%HS
\G_ []l\
!{@7:FE!2.D1L;=:$l<@A;:%5 gP"@%E%%5"Z-I| "o+jD1&hJ@7:%E!2.3;LU!23,"!2q3 L
23LZ:h"!2<1c)5 |=&P|,$
S !A| Z @7:%EG2."£;=Z2.c:;$KH@.2DR%5agPAc%E%%ª5ª"c-X|°
+jD1&@7:FE!2.7LM!23M"!2 " "h5§ )523G2."Eh$);A !2."5Fd 0CEk%L4E%"%$Z@)=82@ZgU
E%"%$)K"!23%Z1@'5`P2.0B@B1"%$H@5"%5E%@T=2.Z@$lV;%5B2iS)NOXF¨;E%$l1f@) 5ME%A;LM"!23`"h:M*<,|T/
=: $KH@.2DR%5B@QgU"B@q:=.;LPF4*7)/T)5{1©"@T%$K1%52q"2i|1@)5`" , "!23@ 'o{X|,dD:1HLI:s
" ,ª"!23h@qo=<A"%E!23LP!23"5 , "!23i@b@.2<R"`%$E%$K1HLP5M*#{$js;{ "s;{1js;{) T/=.,@$r1 $
$)g LP $%EG1H$"QgU%)` O2;$))` LPi@TB@.1H$627)5`=< L:$'LM)NO"!23)5 @,EF;5B1E!23%ogPr2."/2< q54"G27)
=bM"%5P*78K/T)5Z2.7E%$);5NR%50"@q%$K1pk5O2 "!2j"9) |£1@'5`" ,y"!23@0 ) |cFVE%JgPr23
E%1:$)%4%=<i"%E!23LP!23h,"54V<@E%H@r2.!23FE!2.@T=.2<I2.,!¨:8LM%5B2@GSZ5B1LZd7"GV"h`H
LP $%EG1H$"gU%'`B2 "5Z:;$K;<@:i@r2DU'5¨ZgU0EF"k$E!1$"!23%?1@)5`P:$l@D2.R%5?@D23"5" @GS
«`) 5M;d<"O@d7%d3|b"h$)"%#@<@Q`A"!23=81$8$'o"%E&5gI$)%`%M*D- 0| ' M"k5 EF"!2f:A%E!2./GS
, ©2."%5R&"E©+j)"C"k5¦ 7 ,ª"!2.&)5§=.U ¯@D2<1)B@"%5§-X55%d<t"c|,"NO9=.;J |
LM%"@D1%LM%5B2@eS
MSOq"5"h&"%s S 1s{MS I"B@D1"%s%S ;$KLSEk^Srsf;$KLSR|³%LS+"!P*DG/0" O
8jS{I1s4S%1sMST)s%S 07`"5LP!2iSR|T%L .!J*../ "G
#" qSq)5E&s-PSZ"%$%5B23%s-PSk¦#2^!1¨;s SX<@@F"!1 ¨;s $KL4hq|bLPLZ1H5E%"!23)5 @I*D>/
.!
8WSq)5E&s S q738hsH-PS;<2.!1¨;sH-PSI"%$k5O23%s; SI8@G@%"G1 ¨;s"%ELP $<S|b%LSH@,
*D>/ !>"
)+ HSO-075B23s%S &1"hs |TkLS «V9M*D/0!9)"
#. S?<@@AO"!1 ¨;s SOQh77)As;-PS%t#2^!1¨;sS«1@@Ak$ls |0SISB-XE%"Fs2#UJ:1$)<@%
#> S?<@@AO"!1 ¨;sS)5E&sªSRQhD7ls-PSk;<2.!1R¨sTS j1@@Ak$lsFSB-X$)$);H@|, LZ:P*D>/
fz#HS<.B GSA"k$$E% LS>HSS<G
+ SOQ.7)hs SX<@@i%"G1 ¨;s ,SO|T%5"%$)s -PS%t<2.e1¨;sFSk ;$KLS9E%<S6sf;$KLSR|b%Lu)I*D>/
!-qS f)$s S%{U"3s"%E3;LU $)OE!1$8O@ ".P*D"/ "B.
qSq)5E&sªSZ8@G@A%"!1¨s-PSk;<2.!1¨osjSB-05;7`SO-X$'$)`SR|T%LS."M*D./0!"S
MS%£Ki@i"klV;s 'GS+IS;"%'LZ1"FV;s S X)&L4"G23V;sj_\\ [ n! +.Rs ks9>9)+"