LITERAL MEANING (figures)

(1)

HAL Id: ijn_00000291

https://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ijn_00000291

Submitted on 8 Nov 2002

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

LITERAL MEANING (figures)

François Recanati

To cite this version:

François Recanati. LITERAL MEANING (figures). 2002. �ijn_00000291�

(2)

LITERAL MEANING — FIGURES

Figure 1.1: the standard approach

Figure 1.2: an alternative approach What is communicated

CONSCIOUS

---

What is said what is implicated

UNCONSCIOUS

sentence meaning contextual ingredients of what is said

What is said what is

WHAT IS COMMUNICATED

Implicated [top level, consciously available]

---

sentence meaning contextual ingredients of what is said

SUB-PERSONAL LEVEL

(3)

2 Figure 1.3: comparing the approaches

Figure 4.1: the four-level picture

Minimalism The Availability-based approach sentence meaning sentence meaning

saturation primary pragmatic processes (saturation and optional processes

such as free enrichment) what is said_min what is said_prag

optional processes secondary pragmatic processes what is communicated what is communicated

sentence meaning saturation what is said_min

other primary pragmatic processes what is said_prag

secondary pragmatic processes what is communicated

(4)

3

m-nonliteral

p-literal p-nonliteral

(indirect speech acts, conversational implicatures...) sense elaboration sense extension

below threshold above threshold (enrichment)

(figurative uses)

Figure 5.1: nonliteral uses

Figure 9.1: abstraction and modulation

Figure 9.2: a single process of abstraction/modulation

contextualised contextualised

senses linguistic meaning senses

(abstraction) (modulation)

THE TRADITIONAL PICTURE:

context

modulation

Past abstraction linguistic contextual

uses meaning sense

MEANING ELIMINATIVISM:

Past uses abstraction/modulation contextual

Context sense