Mental Health and Psychological Support for Conflict Related Sexual Violence

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Mental Health and Psychological Support for Conflict Related Sexual Violence

Principles and Interventions

সংঘাত সম্পৃক্ত য ৌন সহ ংসতার জনয মানহসক স্বাস্থ্য এবং মনঃসামাজজক স ায়তা

নীহতমালা এবং প্রহতকারসমূ

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সংঘাত সম্পৃক্ত য ৌন সহ ংসতার জনয মানহসক স্বাস্থ্য এবং মনঃসামাজজক স ায়তা : নীহতমালা এবং প্রহতকারসমূ

Published by the World Health Organization in 2012

under the title [Mental Health and Psychological Support for Conflict Related Sexual Violence: Principles and Interventions]

The World Health Organization has granted translation and publication rights for an edition in Bengali to Action Against Hunger, which is solely responsible for the quality and faithfulness of the Bengali translation. In the event of any inconsistency between the English and the Bengali edition, the original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition.

সংঘাত সম্পৃক্ত য ৌন সহ ংসতার জন্য মানহসক স্বাস্থ্য এবং মনঃসামাহজক স ায়তা : নীহতমালা এবং প্রহতকারসমূ

হবশ্ব স্বাস্থ্য সংস্থ্া এই ডকুমমন্টহট বাংলা ভাষায় অনুবাদ ও প্রকাশনার জন্য একশন এমেইন্সট াঙ্গার-যক অহিকার অর্পন কমরমে , বাংলায় ার মান ও থাথপতার জন্য যকবল এই প্রহতষ্ঠানই দায়ী। ইংমরহজ ও বাংলা সংস্করমের মমিয যকান িরমনর অসঙ্গহত থাকমল মূল ইংমরহজ সংস্করেই মব বািযতামূলক ও প্রামান্য সংস্করে।

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msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi Rb¨ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZvt bxwZgvjv Ges cÖwZKvimg~n

†jLK:

Claudia García-Moreno

Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) garciamorenoc@who.int

Mark Van Ommeren

Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse (MSD/MER) vanommeren@who.int

Abyev`K:

A¨vKkb G‡Mb&÷ nv½vi

g~j ch©v‡jvPbvKvix- A¨vKkb G‡Mb&÷ nv½‡ii c‡ÿ:

wgZv ivwb ivq †PŠayix, bvCgv RvbœvZ, gy³v Rvnvb evby, nvwmbv bI‡ivR, ïå wek¦vm, wRbvZ Rvnvb|

Ab¨vb¨ ch©v‡jvPbvKvix:

kvn&wiqvi dviæK (e½eÜz †kL gywRe †gwWK¨vj wek¦we`¨vjq), Zvnwgbv nK (Iqvb ÷c µvBwmm †m›Uvi, XvKv †gwWK¨vj K‡jR), bvwdmv myjZvbv (b¨vkbvj Uªgv KvD‡Ýwjs †m›Uvi, gwnjv I wkï welqK gš¿bvjq), Kvkwdqv wd‡ivR (GKkbGBW evsjv‡`k)|

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e· 1: msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi msÁv

msNl© m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Òal©Y, †hŠb `vmZ¡, †Rvic~e©K cwZZve„wË, †Rvic~e©K Mf©aviY Kiv‡bv, †Rvic~e©K e›a¨vZ¡KiY A_ev Ab¨ †h †Kvb ai‡bi †hŠb mwnsmZv... bvix, cyiæl, †Q‡j ev †g‡qi weiæ‡×| GB ai‡bi NUbv ev `„óvšÍ msNwUZ nq msNvZ PjvKv‡j ev msNvZ cieZ©x cwi‡e‡k A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb D‡ØMc~Y© cwiw¯’wZ‡Z (†hgb, ivR‰bwZK Ø›Ø)| msNvZ ev ivR‰bwZK Ø‡›Øi mv‡_ Zviv wb‡RivI cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿfv‡e RwoZ, n‡Z cv‡i mvgwqK, †fŠ‡MvwjK Ges/A_ev Kvh©KviYMZfv‡e m¤úK©xZ|Ó (BDbvB‡UW †bkbm A¨vKkb G‡MBb÷ †m·yqvj fv‡qv‡jÝ Bb Kbwd¬±. msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi we‡kølYvZ¥K Ges aviYvMZ KvVv‡gvKiY, c„ôv 3)

m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi Rb¨ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZvt bxwZgvjv Ges cÖwZKvimg~n

¹

†hŠb mwnsmZv Ges mk¯¿ msNvZ

 mk¯¿ msNv‡Zi mv‡_ †hŠb mwnsmZv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgm¨v (msÁvi Rb¨ 1 bs e· †`Lyb)

 msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi e¨vwß, gvÎv, aib, jÿ¨e¨w³, D‡Ïk¨, Acivaxi cwiPq Ges Rb‡Mvôxi Ici cÖfv‡e e¨vcK wfbœZv i‡q‡Q|

 bvixi Dci cyiæ‡li ÿgZvi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡ZB †hŠb mwnsmZv N‡U| †hŠb mwnsmZv cÖv_wgKfv‡e cyiæl‡ì Øviv bvix I †g‡q‡ì cÖwZ msNwUZ nq| msNv‡Zi g‡a¨, hwÌ evjK I cyiælivI jÿë¨w³‡Z cwiYZ nq| †hŠb mwnsmZvi wb‡`©k †`qv bv

†`qvUv hy‡×i †KŠkjI n‡Z cv‡i|

¯^v¯’¨ Ges mvgvwRK cwiYwZ

 †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³, Zv‡`i mvgvwRK †bUIqvK© I Zv‡`i KwgDwbwUi Dci wewfbœ iKg kvwiixK, gvbwmK Ges mvgvwRK cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i|

 †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dci †hme cÖfve c‡o Zvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q GBPAvBwfmn †hŠb msµwgZ e¨vwa, AevwÃZ Mf©aviY, Awbivc`

Mf©cvZ, ¯¿x‡ivM msµvšÍ mgm¨v Ges kvixwiK RLg|

 g‡bvmvgvwRK/gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨MZ †h cwiYwZ nq, Zvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q AKviY Aw¯’iZv (†hgb- fq, `ytL, ivM, wb‡R‡K †`vlv‡ivc Kiv, j¾v ev Aciva‡eva), D‡ØMRwbZ †ivM (†hgb- †cv÷-UªgvwUK †÷ªm wWmAW©vi, wcwUGmwW), welbœZv, e¨vL¨vnxb kvixwiK jÿY, g` I Ab¨vb¨ gv`K-`ªe¨ e¨envi RwbZ Amy¯’Zv Ges AvZ¥nZ¨v I wb‡Ri ÿwZ Kivi cÖeYZv|

 mvgvwRK cwiYwZi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Kj¼ RwbZ cÖfve Gi mv‡_ mvgvwRK eR©b, ˆelg¨, cwievi I KwgDwbwU KZ…©K cÖZ¨vL¨vZ Ges

`wi`ªZv e„w×|

1wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v (WweøDGBPI), BDbvB‡UW †bkbm ccy‡jkb dvÛ (BDGbGdwcG) Ges BDbvB‡UW †bkbm wPj‡Wªbm dvÛ (BDwb‡md) Gi mnvqZvq, BDbvB‡UW †bkbm G¨Kkb G‡MBb÷ †m·yqvj fv‡qv‡jÝ Bb Kbwd¬± (BDGbG¨vKkb) Gi cÿ †_‡K 28-30 b‡f¤î 2011 dv‡b©-fj‡Uqvi, d«v‡Ý Av‡qvwRZ msNl©-cÖfvweZ ¯’v‡b ‡hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi gvbyl‡ì g‡bvmvgvwRK Ges gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Pvwn`vq mvov †Ìqv (‡imcwÛs Uz `v mvB‡Kv‡mvkvj GÛ †g›Uvj †nj_ wbWm Ad †m·yqvj fv‡qv‡jÝ mvifvBfvim Avb Kbwd¬±-G‡d‡±W ‡mwUsm) welqK GKwU wgwUs Gi wi‡cv‡U©i mvims‡ÿc|

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e· 2: †hŠb mwnsmZv m¤úwK©Z Kg©m~wPi m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZKviK gvbexq welq (I‡q‡mjm †_‡K, 2009)

•• `ye©j mgš^q

•• ˆelg¨ I AwZwi³ jÿ¨

•• Zxeª mgm¨v¸‡jv‡Z Lye †ewk ev Lye Kg g‡bv‡hvM

•• we`¨gvb mn‡hvwMZv¸‡jv‡K LvU K‡i †`Lv

•• Ggb †mev, hv ÿwZi gvÎv I cybivq ÿwZi Ke‡j covi Avk¼v e„w× K‡i

•• Kj¼c~Y© AvL¨v †`qv

•• mgm¨vi KviY I NvUwZ¸‡jv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv

•• RwUj mgm¨v¸‡jv‡Z Jla cÖ`vb

•• AvµgYvZ¥K cÖkœ Kiv|

•• wm‡÷‡gi wefw³

•• ¯^í cÖwkÿY I ZË¡veavbmn `ye©j KvD‡Ýwjs

gvbweK Kg©m~wPi mvaviY bxwZgvjv

• gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ I g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv †hŠb

mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i gvbwmK †ivM cÖwZ‡iva I cÖwZKvi Ges g‡bvmvgvwRKfv‡e Zv‡`i fvj _vKv I/

wKsev gvbwmK †ivM cÖwZ‡iva/ wPwKrmvi j‡ÿ¨ we¯Í…Z

†mev cwiKíbvi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask|

• Kg©m~wPi ev¯Íevqb Aek¨B gvbweK mvnv‡h¨i cÖPwjZ bxwZgvjv Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡e| cÖwZKvi I mnvqZv Kg©m~wP n‡Z n‡e AskMÖnYg~jK bxwZi wfwË‡Z Ges Zv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e KwgDwbwU‡K mv‡_ wb‡q| G¸‡jv n‡Z n‡e mvg_©¨ I cÖ‡qvRb g~j¨vq‡bi wfwË‡Z| we`¨gvb m¤ú` I mn‡hvwMZv AviI evov‡Z n‡e| Zviv gvbevwaKvi‡K Zz‡j ai‡e Ges gvbevwaKvi j•Nb †_‡K ÿwZMÖ¯’ Rb‡Mvôx‡K iÿv Ki‡e; gvbevwaKvi Kg©xiv mvg¨Zv Ges ˆelg¨nxbZv evov‡Z KvR Ki‡e|

• gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv

cwiKíbvKvix‡`i Ggb Kg©m~wP wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z Kv‡iv †Kvb ÿwZ bv nq| GRb¨ Kg©m~wP cwiKíbvi mgq m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZKi cÖfve m¤ú‡K©I m‡PZb _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| GKB mv‡_ wbixÿY I

g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g Awb”QvK…Z †bwZevPK cÖfve cwigvc I Zv wjwce× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Kg©m~wPi Awb”QvK…Z cÖfvemg~‡ni g‡a¨ mvs¯‹…wZK, A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK, gvbwmK, wbivcËv I mvgvwRK w`K i‡q‡Q| †hŠb mwnsmZv m¤úwK©Z Kg©m~wPi mywbw`©ó ÿwZKi cwiYwZi cwinvi‡hvM¨ K‡qKwU KviY e· 2

G †`Lv‡bv nj|

msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZv welqK Kg©m~wPi mvaviY bxwZgvjv

• DbœZ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZvi jÿ¨ †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i‡K ev` †`qv bq, eis GB cwim‡i Zv‡`i AšÍf©~³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i Pvwn`v Aek¨B wbiƒcY Ki‡Z n‡e, †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡K jÿe¨w³ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e| KviY G‡Z w÷Mgv, ˆelg¨ I mwnsmZvi iva I cÖwZKvi, wkï myiÿv I ÿz`ª&FY D‡`¨v‡Mi g‡Zv †mev I KwgDwbwU wfwËK Kvh©µ‡g AšÍf©~³ Kiv DwPZ|g‡Zv Av‡iv AmsL¨ mgm¨vi SuywK _v‡K|

• msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i Rb¨

gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ I g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv Kg©m~wP‡K hZUv m¤¢e mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨ †mev Ges cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨, Mf©Kvjxb †mev, ev”Pv I wkï‡`i cywó, wj½-wfwËK mwnsmZv cÖwZ‡iva I cÖwZKvi, wkï myiÿv, ÿz`ªFY D‡`¨v‡Mi g‡Zv †mev I we`¨gvb KwgDwbwU wfwËK Kvh©µ‡g AšÍf©~³ Kiv DwPZ|

• cÖwZKvi¸‡jv n‡e AwaKviwfwËK Ges bvix I Kb¨vwkï‡`i cÖwZ mwnsmZvi cÖvmw½KZvq|

cÖv_wgKfv‡e ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³i PvIqv- cvIqv Ges Zv‡`i wm×všÍ‡K m¤§vb †`Lv‡Z;

cÖwZwbqZ me Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ n‡e ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³-

†Kw›`ªK c×wZ Ges G‡ÿ‡Î †MvcbxqZv, wbivcËv I myiÿv, kÖ×v I ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZgvjv Abyhvqx AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|

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msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi †ÿ‡Î wewfbœ ch©v‡qi mn‡hvwMZv

mnvqZv n‡Z n‡e wewfbœ ch©v‡qi, Ab¨K_vq, mnvqZvi jÿ¨ e¨w³ I KwgDwbwU (A_ev Gi ÿz`ª Ask¸‡jv) DfqB | KwgDwbwU †Kw›`ªK g‡bvmvgvwRK Kg©m~wPi D‡Ïk¨ mvaviYZ Pvicv‡ki mgMÖ cwi‡e‡ki DbœwZi gva¨‡g ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³i Rxe‡bi gvb Dbœqb| e¨w³-

†Kw›`ªK Kg©m~wPi D‡Ïk¨ ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³, Zvi cwievi I mvgvwRK †bUIqvK©| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q cÖv_wgK gvbwmK wPwKrmv Ges ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³‡K Ab¨vb¨ †mev, gvbwmK

¯^v¯’¨ cÖwZKvi (†hgb: K_vi gva¨‡g wPwKrmv) Ges cÖ‡qvRb n‡j we‡klvwqZ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv‡bv| 1bs wP‡Î wewfbœ ch©v‡qi cÖwZKvi †`Lvb nj|

KwgDwbwUwfwËK cÖwZKvimg~n

 KwgDwbwU wfwËK g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv wbw`©ó cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv‡Z mvov †`q, cvkvcvwk gh©v`v myiwÿZKiY, g‡bvmvgvwRK my¯’Zv evov‡bv Ges †hŠb mwnsmZvi mv‡_

m¤ú„³ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ mgm¨v cÖwZ‡iv‡a Kvh©Ki f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i (4 bs e· †`Lyb)|

 cÖwZKvi Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ n‡e mgvRe¨vcx w÷Mgv I Gi

†bwZevPK cwiYwZ †gvKv‡ejv Kiv; w÷MgvUvBRW MÖæ‡ci m`m¨‡`i Aek¨B cwiKíbv, weZiY I g~j¨vq‡bi mv‡_

m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| fzj aviYv fvO‡Z Kj¼ we‡ivax (Anti-stigma) Kvh©µ‡g wkÿv Kg©m~wP AšÍf©~³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Kg©cwiKíbv †bqvi mgqI Aek¨B kZK© n‡Z n‡e

†hb Zv Ab¨vb¨ ÿwZKi djvdj‡K wbwðZfv‡e wPwýZ cv‡i, †hgb w÷Mgv e„w×i D™¢e bv NUv|

e· 3: msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZv welqK Kg©m~wPi g~jbxwZ

•• †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i we‡kl jÿ¨e¯‘ bv ebv‡bv|

•• e„nr Kg©cÖwµqvi mv‡_ (†hgb: mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨ †mev;

KwgDwbwU wfwËK we`¨gvb †mev Kvh©µg) GB mnvqZvi mgš^q NUv‡bv|

•• †MvcbxqZv, wbivcËv I myiÿv, kÖ×v I ˆelg¨nxb bxwZgvjv AbymiY Kiv

e· 4: KwgDwbwUwfwËK cÖwZKvi Kg©m~wP

•• KwgDwbwU ‡Kw›`ªK g‡bvmvgvwRK Kvh©µgAwaKvsk msNvZ- KewjZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †hŠb mwnsmZvq gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ I g‡bvmvgvwRK cÖwZwµqvq GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask|

•• ¸iæZi Riæwi Ae¯’vq KwgDwbwU ‡Kw›`ªK cÖwZKv‡ii g‡a¨

KwgDwbwU-¯’vbvšÍi ZrciZv Ges bvix I wkï‡`i Rb¨ wbivc`

mvgvwRK Ae¯’vb ˆZwi Kiv _vK‡Z cv‡i |

•• cwiw¯’wZ w¯’wZkxj n‡j GB ai‡bi cÖwZKvi Kg©m~wP evov‡bv cÖ‡qvRb Ges MÖvg¨ mÂq I FY mwgwZi g‡Zv bvixi Av_©- mvgvwRK ÿgZvqb Kg©m~wP ïiæ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

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wPÎ 1

msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³i g‡bvmvgvwRK I gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi wewfbœ ¯Íi| (B›Uvi-G‡RwÝ ÷¨vwÛs KwgwU, 2007

†_‡K Awf‡hvwRZ)|

D`vniYmg~n:

KwgDwbwUwfwËK cÖwZKvi e¨w³‡Kw›`ªK cÖwZKvi we‡klvwqZ

†mev

mywbw`©ó mvaviY

‡mev

KwgDwbwU I cwievwiK mnvqZv ‡Rvi`viKiY

†gŠwjK †mev I wbivcËvq mvgvwRK fvebv mwnsmZvi wkKvi †hme e¨w³i

we‡klvwqZ ‡mevi cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡`i gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ we‡klÁMY (†hgb- g‡bv‡ivM †mweKv, g‡bvweÁvbx, g‡bvwPwKrmK) gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ †mev cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

mgvR Kg©x KZ©„K †gŠwjK Av‡eMxq I ev¯Íe mnvqZv `vb, hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ¯^v¯’¨

†mevmg~‡ni mv‡_ †hvMm~Î ¯’vcb, mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK cyYtmgš^‡qi D‡`¨vM Ges Ab¨vb¨ †mev| cÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨

I KwgDwbwU Kg©x Øviv cÖv_wgK gvbwmK

¯^v¯’¨ †mevmn †gŠwjK gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨

†mev`vb

†hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i mvgvwRK

†nqKiY Kgv‡Z Ges †mevi my‡hvM ˆZwi‡Z mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv Kvh©µg|

AvZ¥-mnvqZv I ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq †divi D‡`¨vMmn mvgvwRK I cvwievwiK mnvqZv

‡Rvi`viKiY|

wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨ †mev, cywó, Lv`¨

mnvqZv, AvkÖq, ¯’vb cwiKíbv A_ev cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Kvh©µ‡g mvgvwRK/

g‡bvmvgvwRK †mev we‡ePbv Ki‡Z mnvqZv|

†hŠb mwnsmZvi SuywK‡Z _vKv e¨w³ I Zv‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj‡`i Rb¨ wbivc`

¯’vb|

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 KwgDwbwU †m›Uvi ev bvix †K‡›`ªi g‡Zv †Kvb ¯’vcbvi Av‡kcv‡k wbivc` mvgvwRK ¯’vb M‡o †Zvjv †h‡Z cv‡i A_ev Zv ‡Kvb A¯’vqx ¯’vcbvI n‡Z cv‡i|

wbivc` ¯’vb n‡jv Ggb RvqMv †hLv‡b mwnsmZvi wkKvi bvix, eqtmwÜKvjxb wK‡kvix Ges (Ab¨) wkïi mnvbyf‚wZ, hZœ, Dchy³ I †MvcbxqZv iÿv K‡I Ggb mnvqZv †c‡Z cv‡i| †hgbt bvix Kg©x `j, Kj¨vYag©x

†K›`ª, mnvqZv `j, Wªc-Bb †m›Uvi I wkï-evÜe

¯’vb¸‡jv| G¸‡jv bvix‡`i AvkÖ‡qi g‡a¨B mxgve×

bq, hv bvix‡`i Rb¨ SuywK evov‡Z cv‡i|

 mswkøó KwgDwbwU msNe×KiY Kvh©µ‡gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q bvix I cyiæ‡li mnvqZv `j, WvqvjM MÖæc, KwgDwbwUi wkÿv I cÖPvi| mnvqZv n‡Z n‡e mgvR‡K wb‡q Ges AvÂwjK †bZ…Z¡‡K (bvix, cyiæl I hyeK) wb‡qvwRZ K‡i| †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i Rb¨

g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZvi m¤¢ve¨ w`K¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

wbivc` cwi‡ek ˆZwi Kiv; mgv‡R †nqKiY †gvKv‡ejv Kiv; wj½ wfwËK mwnsmZv welqK bxwZ e`‡j †djv Ges wbivcËvi cÖPwjZ bxwZ¸‡jv‡K msMwVZ Kiv|

mk¯¿ MÖæc KZ…©K †hŠb mwnsmZvi †ÿ‡Î ïiæ‡ZB KwgDwbwU msNe×KiY ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bvI n‡Z cv‡i|

 Av_©mvgvwRKÑÿgZvq‡bi D‡`¨vM¸wj me ai‡bi Pig-Riæwi ch©vq cieZ©x mg‡q gvbweK mnvqZvi gva¨‡g ev¯Íevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, Ges hw` msKU mg‡qi c~e© †_‡KB ‡mUv †_‡K _v‡K Zvn‡j ‡mmg‡qI Pvwj‡q hvevi Rb¨ mg_©b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY

¯îƒc, MÖvg mÂq Ges FY mwgwZ, hv mw¤§wjZ eëmv I Avw_©K m¤ú` fvMvfvwM Kivi Dci wbf©i K‡i, GUv gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡ì g‡bvmvgvwRKfv‡e fv‡jv _vK‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e w÷MgvI Kgvq|

e¨w³‡Kw›`ªK cÖwZKvimg~n



¯’vbxq Kg©x (†hgb: cÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©x ev mgvR Kg©x), A‡ckv`vi Kg©x Ges Ab¨vb¨ †ckvRxex‡`i mÿgZv evov‡bvi Ici †Rvi †`qv DwPr, ‡hb cieZ©x ch©vq¸‡jv‡Z Zviv `„pZvi mv‡_ GwM‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|

by¨bZg `ÿZv, cÖwkÿY, ZË¡veavb I m¤ú‡`i e¨env†ii wel‡q cwi®‹vi wb‡`©kbv _vK‡Z n‡e Ges

‡mB mv‡_ me ai‡bi cÖwZKv‡ii †ÿ‡Î †ckv`vix AwfÁZv QvovB Kg©xiv ‡hb †mev w`‡Z cv‡i ‡m wel‡qI cwi®‹vi wb‡`©kbv cÖ‡qvRb (†hgb- cÖv_wgK gvbwmK wPwKrmv Ges cÖv_wgK †idvivj)|



cÖwkÿY n‡Z n‡e AskMÖnYg~jK Ges mwµq wkÿY bxwZi wfwË‡Z; GwU n‡Z n‡e mycwiKwíZ Ges †hŠb wbh©vZb I †hŠbZv welqK, Ges n‡Z n‡e

†mev`vbKvix‡`i wb‡Ri hZœ I gvbwmK Pvc †gvKv‡ejvi

`ÿZv wel‡q| †hvMv‡hv‡Mi `ÿZv, †mev `vbKvixi

wb‡Ri cÖwZwµqv, we‡kl K‡i Zvi e¨w³MZ AwfÁZv I g‡bvfve cÖwkÿ‡Y hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e (we‡kl K‡i wj½wfwËK mwnsmZv I bvixi ÿgZvqb)|

cÖwkÿYv_©x‡`i `ÿZv Ges wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zvi Dci wbf©i K‡i cÖwkÿ‡Y cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e| `ÿ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨

Kg©x‡`i gva¨‡g h_vh_ ZË¡veavb, †mB mv‡_ †KŠkjMZ Ges Av‡eMxq mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨, cÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨, mvgvwRK †mevmg~n, wbivcËv Ges wj½- wfwËK mwnsmZv msµvšÍ †mev¸‡jvi g‡a¨ `„p ms‡hvM

¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|

 e¨w³-‡Kw›`ªK †mevi GKwU ch©vq wfwËK Dcvq cÖ‡qvRb, hv‡Z by¨bZg n‡jI †hŠb mwnsZvi wkKvi mevB cÖv_wgK gvbwmK †mevi my‡hvM cvq| Dciš‘, Kv‡iv Kv‡iv cieZ©x‡Z AwaKZi gvbwmK †mev Ges we‡klvwqZ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©vi (NUbv NUvi mgq, jÿY¸wji ZxeªZv Ges Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi gvÎvi Dci wbf©i K‡i) cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| cwiw¯’wZ w¯’wZkxj n‡j Ges cÖwZwµqv †e‡o †M‡j Av‡iv D”PZi †mev †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| GB cÖwZKvimg~n †Uwej 1 G †`Lv‡bv nj|

ch©‡eÿY, g~j¨vqb, M‡elYv Ges mgwš^Z wkÿv

 ‡h‡nZz Kvh©KvwiZv I Dc‡hvwMZvi we‡ePbvq eûgyLx cÖwZKvi c×wZ¸‡jv `ye©j, †m‡nZz, cÖwZKvi c×wZ mg~‡ni M‡elYv, g~j¨vqb Ges mgwš^Z wkÿvi Dbœqb AMÖvwaKvi wfwË‡Z Ki‡j GB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kv‡Ri DbœwZ n‡Z cv‡i|

 cÖwZKvimg~‡ni jvf I m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZ wba©viY Kiv

¯^xK…Z ¯’vbxq gvb`‡Ûi m~PKmg~~n ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|

 Riæwi Ae¯’vq †hŠb mwnsmZvi M‡elYv, bw_f‚³KiY Ges ch©‡eÿ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î WweøDGBPI (2007) G we`¨gvb wbivcËv I Av`k© bxwZgvjv Aek¨B AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|

Z_¨m~Î

Inter-Agency Standing Committee. Guidelines on mental health andpsychosocial support in emergency settings. Geneva, Inter- AgencyStanding Committee, 2007.

World Health Organization. Ethical and safety recommendationsfor researching, documenting and monitoring sexual violence in emergencies.

Geneva, World Health Organization, 2007.

Wessels M. Do no harm: toward contextually appropriate psychosocial support in international emergencies.

American Psychologist, 2009, 64(8):842–854.

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KvR msNvZ m¤ú„³ †hŠb mwnsmZvi cÖ¯ÍvweZ mnvqZv

cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiæb|

†mev mgš^qKvix‡ì ‡hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡ì g‡a¨ hviv mvnvh¨ Pvq Zv‡ì Ab¨vb¨

†mev I mnvqZvi mv‡_ hy³ Kivi Rb¨

Pzw³/‡cÖv‡UvKj ˆZwii Rb¨ cÖwkÿY I cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiæb| ( †gwW‡Kj cixÿv †_‡K wK cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Q Ges AvBwb mnvqZvi cvIqvi Rb¨

Pvwn`v mbv³ K‡i Ges †idv‡ij Abyhvqx we`¨gvb KwgDwbwU mnvqZv, mvgvwRK †mevmg~n, mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨ †mevmg~n Ges gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ hZœ, Gm‡ei †hvMm~Î cÖ`vb Kiæb|

cÖv_wgK gb¯ÍvwË¡K wPwKrmv `„pZvi mv‡_ Pvwj‡q hvb Ges Ab¨vb¨ †mev I mnvqZvmg~‡ni mv‡_

ms‡hvM ¯’vcb Kiæb|

mvgvwRK ‡hvMv‡hvM `„p Kiæb|

†Km g¨v‡bR‡g‡›U (hv e¨w³‡f‡` †mevi mgš^q) GKwU gvbwmK cÖwZKvi (‡hgb mnvqK mswÿß KvD‡Ýwjs ev KMwbwUf-we‡nwfqvivj

†KŠkjmg~n) †hvM Kivi m¤¢ve¨ myweav Ges ÿwZ wb‡q M‡elYv Kiæb|

mvB‡KvGWz‡Kkb, gvwb‡q †bqvi ÿgZv ˆZix Kiv Ges wbivcËv cwiKíbv mn GKK-‡mkb gb¯ÍvwË¡K †mevi m¤¢ve¨ DcKvwiZv wb‡q M‡elYv Kiæb|

jÿY¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y Kg©ÿg ‡bB Ggb e¨w³‡K mswÿß g‡bv‰eÁvwbK K‡_vcK_b †_ivcx mh‡Zœ cÖ`vb Kiæb| eZ©gv†b mgvR ¯^xK…Z cÖgvwYZ Dcvq nj:

 wcwUGmwW Ges welbœZv I gv`Kvm³/G¨vj‡Kvnj Avmw³i Rb¨ KMwbwUf we‡nwfqvivj wPwKrmv c×wZ

cÖwZKvi mg~‡ni Dci GKwU cÖgvYnxb M‡elYv Kiæb, †hgb: wb‡R‡K wb‡R mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨

†hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i gvbwmK †iv‡Mi wPwKrmv e¨e¯’vcbv|

¸iæZi gvbwmK †iv‡Mi Rb¨ d‡jv-Avc mn wPwKrmv I †mev cÖ`vb Kiæb (¯’vbxq cwiw¯’wZi

mv‡_ wgwj‡q Ges ÿwZKi cÖfv‡ei cÖwZ bRi

†Ìqv Ges hv‡ì †mevi cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q mevi hvZvqvZ mnRjf¨ Kiv)

¸iæZi Ges mvaviY `yB ai‡bi gvbwmK †iv‡Mi Rb¨ d‡jv-Avc mn wPwKrmv †mev cÖ`vb Kiæb|

KvVv‡gvMZ gvbwmK K‡_vcK_b †_ivcx (Dc‡i Av‡jvwPZ) mh‡Zœ cÖ`vb Kiæb|

‡hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i gvbwmK †iv‡Mi wPwKrmv e¨e¯’vcbv|

¸iæZi Ges mvaviY `yB ai‡bi gvbwmK †iv‡Mi Rb¨ d‡jv-Avc mn wPwKrmv ‡mevœ cÖ`vb Kiæb (‡hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi e¨w³‡`i we‡klvwqZ gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ †mev Rvbv I AwfÁ ‡mev cÖ`vbKvix†`i Øviv †mev cÖ`vb)|

mswÿß g‡bv‰eÁvwbK K‡_vcK_b †_ivcx mh‡Zœ cÖ`vb Kiæb (Dc‡i Av‡jvwPZ)|

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g~j Drmmg~nt

Batniji R, van Ommeren M, Saraceno B. Mental and social health in disasters: relating qualitative social science research and the Sphere standard. Social Science and Medicine 2006, 62(8):1853–1864.

Chen L et al. Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders: systematic review and meta- analysis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2010, 85(7):618–629.

Dua T et al. Evidence-based guidelines for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in low- and middle-income countries: summary of WHO recommendations. PLoS Medicine, 2011, 8(11):e1001122.

Inter-Agency Standing Committee. Guidelines on gender based violence interventions in humanitarian settings.

Geneva, Inter-Agency Standing Committee, 2005.

Jewkes R, Sen P, Garcia-Moreno C. Sexual violence. In: Krug E et al., eds. World report on violence and health.

Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002:147–182.

Patel V et al. Improving access to psychological treatments: lessons from developing countries. Behaviour Researchand Therapy, 2011, 49(9):523–528.

Stark L, Ager A. A systematic review of prevalence studies of gender-based violence in complex emergencies.

Trauma, Violence and Abuse, 2011, 12(3):127–134.

Humanitarian charter and minimum standards in disaster response – 2011 edition. Geneva, The Sphere Project,2011.

Tol W et al. Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings: linking practice and research. The Lancet, 2011, 378:1581–1591.

Tol WA et al. Research priorities for mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings. PLoS Medicine, 2011, 8(9):e1001096

mhGAP Intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings .Geneva, World Health Organization, 2010.

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প্রকাশনা সংক্রান্ত য াগায াগ ঠিকানা

mhcphod@bd-actionagainsthunger.org