Couplage de méthodes numériques pour les lois de conservation. Application au cas de l'injection.
289
0
0
Texte intégral
(2)
(3) "!$#%'&(*),+ &(-/. 0%.1&32/4657&'89:%;/9:;<9=>?"-:@A#B#!" C#>"D&(C##E 9'8=&(#-/'FHGI. &J-KL#M&( ##3-/ L;N&(#O2/P9:QO;<9=M&(C# M&"89:PC#SRNT$- VUH"O2/9$-/$#"#E.3>"-/.#M&(#?2/3"##LWX- #- - O"9:..1&(YZ9() M&(#9:[F \?&(- <]N&(Y/"4^E9_2*-`;<9:-/a657&"89:b-/;/;<9:#>E2 &( cM9:edf 9:#Vgih Y/-/'&(-j;Z 2 &($#OkQ&( 'lm#3-/#9:-/#3;Z9:-/L#9:-/#"3."LC#>"M&($#"O2*- 9: -/b."Bn&(#o >n&(#T$- "pT$- 4 9:- p&'89: p>"MoN&(/q>""'F `# L&(- Mcr6P"P;/9$Mo "L;Z9:-/P.-/P9:-/#$#32 &( P."?9() C#%2*Ssn."'F t[b2/>;N&(#$#c2/puK&(#o >n&(#T$- "v2/a.w5xGzyE{_|};<9=!"2/a-/ b~/"..C#p&(3) Y/1&( "T$-/V&J8_M&(C#P"9:C#Y/- >"nr"L#M&"8=&(.wF[3;N&(#-/.!C# 9:#q$#..Q">#M&(uo ..Qb'&(#'lv#9:-:@A9:-/re.w5x>""9:-/#=la&"8"KT$-/@"57&( 2/>8.9:;/;Z>P2/"B.1&(#9: p2H57&(O#>" F V*R 4@cB."VPY/"v2/a9:E@A-/;<9:-/v&"89:&:"";/#>B2/B2*-/# 2/En&P#o !"E#b2/%8/B\89:B.1&PM&:"9:C#'FN\# b-/#9:-/#brW&(\-/;<## .2H5x9_.\rao/4&(..9:- #'l;<9:-/n.M9:-/#}9:M&(.ETC-[5 .%657&&(;/;<9:#>Qr oN&:T$- 4W9:BTC- ? 9:- B 9:- p9:O"b "9:C#>"'F uKc*R r6t[Y//#3y%B#9:jM&( PTC-/a"n2/9_-/C#3[5x~*#M&(#L-*) C#%;N&:'F.
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7) F t[9:b2/?"9: 8=&(#9:[l +V9:Y/.!P2/ a&(- o$ F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F F ! c 9:-/;/.1&(q#/" "4T$-/ &3>#>EWw&(# F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F F%$ +V.1&(2/4.1&L#o !"JF?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ' (*)+,-/.102 034)657,89:5;)+.! F +V ;Z2/"bo >n&: F FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! F F + ;Z"%2/"B09:.-/"p]m/'F FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! F F ! {_Mo >n&:p09:.-/"%]m/b"9: 8=&(#SWX\F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! F ! c 9:-/;/.1&(q F?F?F4F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! F ! F +9(@A"#9:@?BADCFEHG F?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! F ! F ! |%.q9:#o/"9:O;/.#%#p9:.-/#9: p&(;/;/9_o >"" F4FF4F?F?F ! F ! F%$ J #M&(#p2/4.w57&(#pF?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F L (* M-34.1-= N9-/-O5QPR)65.1ST U,VW-X-/9:,5)+.*$ F G,$#9$2*- #9:jF?F4F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F *$ F F V),o >n&:n09:.-/"]m/O#"9:C8q "2 &( 3.'&:. M'&(.1&( F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F $*F F ! v#n&(#9:2H5x-/*"N> 9: ">?2*-6#o >"9:! F?F4FF4F?F?F *$ F ! +V9:;/>#>"p2/4.w57&(.q9:#o/ F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F $*F ! F +9:;/>#>"%2/E.1&LW9: #9:2/4"9:-/;/.1&(qF?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F. ! ! & =< !> !> !$ !& !& !I !K L1< k! k! kI kK. &Y.
(8) (. '.
(9)
(10). $*F ! F ! ${ #M&(Y/.#> ? #b-/;/;<9:#p2/E.1&O9:.-/#9:Ww&(Y/. F?F4FF4F & $ $*F ! F%$ #n&(#9: )W&(Y/. F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F & k $*F ! F k c:9 $8q "?W9:#42/"b9:.-/#9: %"9:-/;/.>"" F?F4F?F?F4FF4F I ! $*F%$ GI >qC&(.#>"b2H5x$#9:;/ F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F I *$ F%*$ F +V9:;<9=#9: F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F I *$ F%*$ F ! + &(#$#9:;/ F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F IK *$ F%*$ F%$ + &(# -*~eF?F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F = *$ F%*$ F k a &(M&:#>M&(#9:K2/"B#"p2H5x-/F4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F = $*F k c 9:$8q "4W9:# /" ^\+ N& F?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F SI *$ F k F {_""9: 2/4 >qC&(.#>P2H5xC#9:;/ F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F SI *$ F k F ! GI >qC&(.#>?2H5xC#9:;/P-/b.1&39:.-/#9:9'/ F?F?F4FF4F "! *$ F k F%$ c 9: .- 9:Kr3.1&3"9:C8q "WX9:#FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F ! $ $*F & v#n&(#9:2H5x-/'l #"Mo//TC- P2/ #E-%$'&9'8F4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F ! $ *$ F & F uK"-/" F4F?F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F !& *$ F & F ! ] 9: #9:#"#b#b;/9:;/>#>" F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F !K *$ F & F%$ V$#9:;/?;<9:-/b.1&39:.-/#9:~ &:#?#B;<9:-/b.4Mo >n& F4F K> *$ F & F k #n&(#9:2H5x-/%FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F K $ *$ F & F & #n&(#9:2*-#?9:-/"?"-/F4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F KI $*F I c 9: M8:&(#9: F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F Y *$ F I F ^E>R /#9: F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F Y *$ F I F ! a &(.-/. 2/?.w5x>qC&(.#>EW&(Y/. F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F *$ F I F%$ |%;/;/.'&(#9:KrL.1&3"9: 8=&(#9: F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F ! (*:,5)+.- -/-=* ),+4U02V %) +- 5 V .- +0/ ,1 + 6 k F GIC#9_2*- #9:jF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F K k F ! a &: ^ %" 2c-/qF?F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F !> k F ! F J T$-N&(#9:2/32c-/qF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F4F?F?F4FF4F !>.
(11)
(12) . k F! F! k F ! %F $ k F! Fk k F! F& k %F $ a&: ! ^ k %F $*F k %F $*F ! k %F $*%F $. * 3
(13). a&:p2*-> '&(- FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! $ {_Mo >n&O$-/>TC- F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F ! k 2c-/qp 9:"9:-/;/.>eF4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F !& 2c-/q%"9:-/;/.> FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F $ Y " ! 0LFx]al*n&(..1&(qP2/>WX9:>F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F k=k c 9: #- #9:2/4.1&PW9: #9:2/?"9:-/;/.1&(q F4F?F4FF4F?F?F k & uQ&(#"?2/4;/9(@"#9: F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F & k. \&(;/;Z.-/?."?*#!"oC_;ZY<9:.TC- "P#?-/?.O9() 2/!.?oC*2*9$2*_N&(OTC- 2H5xV-/. FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F k F%$*F k -/YZPr3o 9_"p2/P{_9_2 F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F k F%$*F & J#- 2/?2*-"9:-/;/.1&(q-/B-/n&(..1&(q2/>W9:> F4FF4F?F?F k F k t5 :@A"#9:Q&"8"?2/-*~Mo >n&:b09:.-/"\] / F F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F k F & c9: .- 9:2*-"9:-/;/.1&(qP2/4o >n&:p09:.-/"p]m/ F4FF4F?F?F . L. &I I> S! KY !Y> (*:5;)+.- P ,
(14) BSU02VW) - 5 ,VW-.+ / , + )3M-3 5;) VW03 UN,-
(15)
(16) ' 1L & F G,$#9$2*- #9: "/t &3>#o 9_2/P{_+ F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F !Y& & F F |%;/;/9"~*n&(#9:+ &(#-/.1&(L2/"b] 9: #9: F?F4FF4F?F?F !YI & F F ! |%;/;/9"~*n&(#9:;N&(#-/.1&(>q=-/.1&(>" F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F !YK & F F%$ |%;/;/9"~*n&(#9:+ &(#-/.1&(L2H5 -/ ?t[9: 2/ c 9: M8:&(#9: !> & F F k |%.q9:#o/9$2*SRN> " "9: #- #9:32*-Ln&(..1&(qa{_+ 2/>) W9:> F4F?F4F?F4FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F !> & F F & |%;/;/.'&(#9:K&(-6_#!42H5x-/.%"9:O;/"Y/. FF4F?F?F !> ! & F ! p>"-/.#M&(#by%-/>T$- " FF?F4F?F4F?F4F?FF4F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F !!! & F ! F +>"C#M&(#9:Q2*-{_+ /" >".1&(#C#E2H5 -/6Y/-/.. FF4F?F?F !!! & F ! F ! a &(.-/.a2*-j42/ ^E] %) c y\\{ H" .w5 :@"#9:>"9:.- J&"8" -/o >n&30E]j#B-/Mo >n&n{_+ F?F4F?F?F4F?F4FF4F?F?F !! !.
(17). (.
(18)
(19). (* 35 +;. ) ,5-X,-.+
(20) ,.N4-.+ ) ,5-O- +# N1 )> +. . . 5 ;.14)+:,U,-. . 'B 'B 'B '.
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26) .
(27) .
(28)
(29) !#"%$& '#("*),+-/.(01'32546),17589;:<"=>"@?A-B#$,CEDFGA IH ?A1B>J58-K "ML#$N"%OB#P-RQ*.(Q%ST-.UGAGAGGAGAGGA WV 4X8-Y'Z>"%80-%.[C>9;["\GGAGAGGAGAGGAGAGGA. H H ].
(30) <. c###o !"M&a>#>V>'&(.>"2 &( H.v'&:2*2H5 -/ "9_9:;Z>M&(#9:4WXM&( "9()I&(..n&( 2/ dX^E] %) c y\\{ZlZ89:x #{ K ! hb$#3.w5x>"TC-/;<P2*-Q+V'FZ^3F #E: dXGI ##-/#\2/". uK&(#o >n&(#T$- "b|%;/;/.TC- >"" l %/8#>E2/\]/Y/-/q$hc#B"..\2*-+V'F* Fx+mF*0\.1& dX^E>;N&(#C#2/E>/uK&(#o >n&(#T$- "n#uK9_2/>.M&(#9:[lGzyE{_| 9:-/.9:- hF G,. '57&(q=D&(#\2H5x>#- 2*'l<;<9:-/%.1&n;N&(#O&(..n&( 2/=l<.WX9:2*$#?2H5 -/QqC&( 8$MTC- -*~) 9_2/>.>\;N&(."a>"T$-N&(#9: B2/\yE&"8_A)z{$#"9 &"'6F c\qC&(\ 5x>"oN&(;/;<42/ .1&JoN&(Y/n2/PWX9:2*$#4;N&(%-/Q#9:-e"C#>O#\W9:O&(.9:%-/J@#% 9: 8$MTC- -*~J)v9_2/>.>4"##EW9:A),[;N&(b."b>"T$-N&(#9: p2H5x-/.b);<9:-/b8/BWXM&(;*) ;Z%-/ Y/.L-/b.YZ9:29:;/;Z9=>P2/"##P""9: 2/PMoN&(Y/dXT$-/ "9:C#$#E-/ qC&(&(-;Z9=h+F c42*;Z9=#SWBdf;/>"C#>2 &( B.1&L] q=-/ F h;<#b2/42/>;<9() a2/BR "c;N&(#-/."a2/%OS),"9: 2*- #-/?df#M&( ;Z9:#>""a2/!".w5xC#>"E2 &( c.1& ;/O!%MoN&(Y/ h-/.1&Y/.= F %`8-/#2/9: %&'89:c2/"v*WX9:n&(#9: c;/>"" -/b.1&PW9:?#B.w5 C# #>2*-O@#B.9:T$-[5 . &(8?-/b.1&3Y/.=F. cible. ]mq=-/ F
(31) ^\;<9=#SW 2*-#"#p2/E.w5 :@A"#9:. Chambre de refroidissement. Jet. ^Eb;/.- 'lC9:n bM&(#v;N&:v9 `Mb#- B.1&\WX9:C#!\2/>R /M&($#v.1&\W9:n&(#9:2*@A#'F % ;<-/# 2/9: ;N&: O;<9= -/ "9: 2*#9:rB.1&b.O#B&(#SRN..c$#v.".
(32) .
(33) . /2 -*~O"9_2/"2/B'&(.-/.'F %n9:-/oN&(#B-/#.v-/ B>#o 9$2/p-/.>/ Pdfn&(..1&(q R/~* h<2 &( .1&a;/O!oN&(Y/=F% V>#o 9_2/.1&(q=M&(/q=/ Edfn&(..1&(q9:Y/. hl &(;/;Z.>"4>#o 9_2/{_+ dw{$9_9:#o6+m&(#. p*2*9$2*_N&(O"Dhl/M&L-/#.M>"4;Z9:-/ 9$2/>..E@A#'l 2/;/-/M&JW9:n&(#9:2 &( .1&;/O!nMoN&(Y/=lN@z- MTC-[57r" TC-[5 .b&(##q= .1&QY/.=F % &Ko 9:b"##J>#o 9_2/'&('lm9:-/#.`Ww&(#OTC-[5x.. 9:#v.1&(q=M&(/q=/ \#2/9: pY/J&:2 &(;/#>"E&(-*~O'&(.-/.c2/V@#'l..p;Z-/#a&(- # C#;/>#>"3"9:O-/ P>#o 9_2/P2/09:.-/"\]m/%q> >M&(.>"L#p;<#-/YZ>"=F c.1&3 9:- B;<#p2/E.1&3"9:-/;/.bWw&:.C#%&'8"4-/ 4>#o 9_2/409:.-/"p]m/ #M&( 2 &(2HF y%9:- V&(..9: V2/9: a;/>"$# -/ 9:-/8..a>#o 9_2/B2/c"9:-/;/.1&(qB2/cMo >n&: ;Z9:-/b."b.9:b2/?"9: 8=&(#9:[F t["p.9:b2/?"9: 8=&(#9:6C#8_/ C#E2 &( p2/ 9:Y/-*~P;/9:Y/.!"m 2*- #. l 9:#M&(O$#V;Z9:-/ .w5 oC*2*9$2*_N&(OTC- 4d&'8". 9$2/!.b2H5x-/.Dh #.w5x>."#9:n&(q= >#T$- Pdf9_2/!.b2/BuK& ~*.. hF$t[B"9:-/;/.1&(qp2/ o >n&:m;<# 9:3-/.C#V2/W&(v-/ 2/>""9:O;<9=#9:O2/v2/9:n&( "'l(n&( .V;Z# ;/.- ?2H5 -/#.?.9_'&(.C#L2/"?o >n&:L&:2 &(;/#>"P&(-*~e;/9:Y/.!" ;/oC*TC- " F t[B;/ ;N&(.ZC#> #c2/b"##B>#o 9_2/p2/b2/>""9:O;<9=#9:`"#vTC-[5x..b aW&(# ;N&:3C#8/`2/"9: 2*#9: n&(#SRN.."`C#."O2* H>C#n9:- A),2/9:n&( "'F VJ H#'lC9:`Ww&(#%o 8=&(- o a."2/9:n&( "a-/-/ p'9: \2/>#O >"=l/& R J2/ ;N&:b2H5 -/ E>#o 9_2/EC-/>T$- PrP-/ ?&(-/#=F \5x"#b"ET$-[5x9:&(;/;Z..E.4"9:-*) ;/.1&(qE;N&(B""9:-/8$$#%2/En&(..1&(q=F t5 / 9 8:&(#9:;/ ;N&(.?2/E.w57&(.q9:#o/ 2/b"9:-/;/.1&(qpT$- a 9:- V;/>"$#9: 2 &( "##B#o !"B"#vT$- a.1&\W9: #9:n2/ ,;N&:A) M&(q `T$- .w5x9:-/#.n;<9:-/3"`"9:-/;/.1&(q"#L-/ W9: #9:>q=-/.!Qd C EHGhF. %9:Y 8-/Y/..-/E"9:O;<9:#C#EC-/>T$- Jdf.9:\2*-;N&:MM&(q2/" 9: 2/"?2/o 9_"?-/4.1&J'9: =l[;N&(?~*O;/. h\;<9:-/?"##O>#o 9_2/2/O"9:-/;/.1&(q=F ^\P;/.- 'lN 9:- E&'89: \#9:-/8>P-/ L2/>9: #M&(#9:e2/L"9:C8q "6dX#\-/ P"#S) . . . . . . .
(34) 1 n&(#9: 2H5x-/Dh\2 &( 4.3'&:?'&(.1&(3 9:e. >'&(=lH"OT$-/ [57&"8=&(#a@&(n&(>#> >'&(.>4;<9:-/%&(- -/&(.q9:#o/P2/4"9:-/;/.1&(q=F y\9:- n&(..9: -/#.`2/"O>#o 9$2/"nC-/>T$- "`&(;/;<.>""09:.-/"`] / l ;Z9:-/`'&(.-/.`."M9:.-/#9: J&(;/;/9_o >""J2/6""9_2/!.";/o$_TC- "'Fvy%9:- ` 2/9:/ 9: p."p;/ ;Z"\2 &( b.oN&(;/# ! F t &O>#o 9_2/?;N&(#-/.1&(O{_+ dXT$-/ ;/>"C#LY/."p>""9:-/.C#42/?#,_;Zb@A#DhB;Z-/# #C#;/>#>"3"9:OP.1& q> >M&(.M&(#9:e2H5 -/ ?>#o 9_2/2/09:.-/"%]m/'F G,. "#p2/9: ?Ww&:.?2H57&:2 &(;/# .w57&(.q9:#o/2/3"9:-/;/.1&(q3;Z9:-/\.1&`>#o 9$2/{_+ LlZ;/-/C#?.1&(q=M&(/q=/ =l ""9: #-/M&($#p.4n&(..1&(q4/#1&(.adXTC-/[M42/>WX9:r3MoN&:TC- ;N&:b2/E#O; DhF t[">#o 9_2/"62/Q"9:-/;/.1&(qe;N&(""9:-/8_C#2/Q2/9:n&( ~*#$#62/) ;/-/%2/P 9:Y/- M"E&(/ >""3d i{$#M& l #E ! $ l 2a^ ! $ #%>""OC# x+{ K k hl n&(3;Z9=D&(C#O-/j;/9:Y/.!2/"9: 8:&(#9: #O2/#M&(Y/.#>&(-*~.O#"O2/" 9:- A),2/9:n&( "'F_VJ <#."v.9:2/p"9: 8=&(#9:`q> !$#B2/"vo 9_"EdX2*"9:C#S) C-/#>"\2/"Bq=M&( 2/-/%;/oC*TC- "hcTC-/[ E;/9:;N&(q'&(C#\;N&:b"9:C8N&(Y/.$# #M&"8D&(C#n.1&e'9: 62/"9:-/;/.1&(q=Fvt57&(.q9:#o/;/>"$#>p-/;/;/6"" ;/9:Y/.!"'FCGI. '57&(;/;/-/b-/V-/ aWX9: #9:J2/B"9:-/;/.1&(qb;<##M&(C#c2/aW&(B"9:3) -//T$- ."2/-*~O>#o 9$2/"C-/>T$- "n;N&:M&(C#>q=-/.!C#B2/B.w5 -/ \r .w57&(-/#=F p \&(-/#p/ 9 8:&(#9:"#cTC- p.p"9:-/;/.1&(q\ pbW&(#;/.- cr?.w57&(2/%2H5 *) #;Z9:.1&(#9: P 9: "9: 8=&(#8"'lHn&(.-/#.O.1& O;/9(@A"#9:TC- O".. 2/"pMo >n&:b$-/>TC- "'lN2/9: ?"9: 8=&(#8=F. % 9:$#M&.1&"9:$8q "n2/O.w57&(.q9:#o/`2/"9:-/;/.1&(q#-/#9:-/#'l 9: "#M&K.w5x-/"9:OO df.1&K2/>9: #M&(#9: "#OO.1&(6rK"..2/"O2/-*~ o >n&:89:.-/"?R /?-/#.>"2 &( 4."2* <>$#P9:- ),2/9:n&( "DhF[V*R [l 9: >#- 2*M&QC-/>T$- C#J."9:-/;/.1&(q62/2/-*~j>#o 9$2/"2/09:.-/"n] / l ;/-/p".-/m2H5 -/ 4>#o 9$2/0LFx]aF &'8"?.1&3>#o 9_2/?;N&(#-/.1&(3{_+ df89:p;<9:-/ ;/.- p2/42/>#M&(.p.4oN&(;/# & hF . . . .
(35) >' .
(36)
(37) !#"%$ &(') * ,+-.0/21. [t ".9:v2/p"9: M8:&(#9:`WX9:$#v-/`;/9:Y/.!p #M&(#9:/N&(4&(-*~2/>8>"" ;N&(#.."BTC-/Z"#2/%#,_;ZpoC_;ZY<9:.T$- =F %JM&(#aTC- %"##p;/9:;/>#>\C#9_2*-/# 2/"B;/o > 9:! "p2/Eo 9_?#B2/42/>#C#=l ?<.1&3"9: 2*#9:6/#1&(.4"#B#!" >q=-/.!=FV^E&( 3.J'&:O'&(.1&(=lm;N&(O~*O;/.=lm.1&K9:.-/#9:! 3 2H5 -/j#.a9$2/!. 8>SRN " 4 3 2*8 C=< C>3BG G(?
(38) @BA C>CED G#F9GIHKJMLNGIH D 57698 d F h : 3 8:C=CO; D @3GP?Q3RDC>CG ASCTF9GIH J D 9 6.1&%@&:"9:Y// P2*- -*U ~ < "#b2*1&(q9:N&(.M&(Y/.P#pr38:&(.-/b;/9:;/"b>".."'F |bR 2/n-/;/;/P.";/9:Y/.!"L2/n"9: 2*#9: O&(-*~ .O#"L2*- 2/9:n&( 2/4'&(.-/. 2 &( B."B2/>9: #M&(#9: p#o >"9:TC- "'lN9:6-/;/;Z9=MM&3TC- \.1&3"9: 2*#9: /#1&(.?"#%r3-/;/;<9:#b"9:O;N&:#%2 &( V GIHJ WXR? -/;/; C=3R
(39) G#YZGIH J\[. % M&(#?&(.9:?T$- P.1&M9:.-/#9: roN&:T$- 3 #M&(C#"#4&(- Mr`-/;/;Z9:#?"9:3) ;N&:#b6";N&:"=F*V6 <#'l*.1&P8_#"E2/E;/9:;N&(qC&(#9:2/E"..), "#cR /=1F c## O;/.SRN'&(#9: n>"2*-/#OT$- n.1&#M&(..2/"32/>9: #M&(#9: 'F %;Z-/#3 <# ."4># 2*LW&:.$#2 &( 4.3'&:42H5 -/ 2/9:n&( OY<9: >=lZe$#9$2*-/D&(C#2/" "9: 2*#9: \&(-*~.O#"p.1&:TC- "?df89: 2 0 K& hF . . . ^]. +-.V_%$ ` ba% c2.dfee*ghi. [t "b&(.q9:#o/"b2/E"9:-/;/.1&(q42/\>#o 9$2/"a$-/>TC- "b;Z9:-/a.w5 oC*2*9_2*$N& ) OTC- J~_#C#32/;/-/-/ `8$/q=#M&( J2H57&(/ >""6df89: #E #E ! $ lm{$#M&(- i{$#M& lm{$#q 2a^ ! $ #;<9:-/L.w57&:2 &(;/#M&(#9:rV-/. 2B{ !& hF GI.~*##9: Y/M&( o "%;/ ;N&(."p2/?2/>8.9:;/;<C# " )n.1&b2/>""9:O;<9=#9:32/2/9:n&( Ed&(;/;<.>" ,q=2;N&(#o//q zhl=9 ."m2* H>C# 9:- A),2/9:n&( "mW9:C# -/ ;N&(##9:OM&( -/;Z;<9=#9:32*-L2/9:n&( B2/ . . .
(40)
(41) T' (*N:5)+.1- 9 - )@09 0 )6;. =L. ' &(.-/.U 9:2/9:#%&(.9:B#9:-/8%2/"p"9: 2*#9: %&(-*~.O#"p&:2/>"T$-N&(#"'l )."q=.."B&:2 &(;/#M&(#8"Ed ,q=2&:2 &(;/#/q zhTC-/Z9:#vYN&:M>""-/.1&4"Mo o 2/"mW9:#mq=M&:2*C#pdX2*"9:$#C-/#>"DhV2/v.1&\9:.-/#9:&(;/;/9_o >"=lC&'8".w57&(2/ 2/V#"Mo//TC- " 8=&(1&(#9:/ .."[U 9:Mo o c&(.9: ran&(.. ;/.- <R C# 2 &( %""B'9: "'l/9:-6Y/6 '&:#M&(C#p.9_'&(.C#%-/6n&(..1&(qER [l )n*R dX".." T$- V 9:- >#- 2*9: hZ." -/;Z;<9=#9: 2/Vn&(..1&(q"cd ,q=2 PYZ"2/2*/q 9:- I9 8.1&(;/;//q`#o 9_2/ zhFF c"L2//!">#o 9_2/"PM9:C#YN&:M>""P-/-/ n-/;<;Z9=#9: 2/n&(..1&(q" ;Z9:-/L."T$- .."P9:j2*#/q=- QdX2 &( L.1&6Y/Y/.9:q=M&(;/o/=l 89: x+( K& h?2* H>C# #,_;Z"L2/n&(.." "[."n&(.."LC# "dX".."P9 .w5x9: H"#- n-/.$#3-/ o >n&$-/>TC- h`#J."nn&(.."2H5 $#;Z9:.1&(#9:[HF c"J2//!"8=&(C#r #M&( ##4."a9:.-/#9: p&(;/;/9_o >""p>'&($#b2/"B"9: 2*#9: p&(-*~`.O#"p2/ oN&:-/K2/"b9:- A),2/9:n&( "p;N&(bC#;<9:.1&(#9:K2/"p2/9:/ >""'F c"E>#o 9_2/"E;Z9=$#42/"E;/9:Y/.!"?2/3#M&(Y/.#>df89:P{$#M&(- i{$#M& !Y # + (#A),N&( 2/E#%{ @ :q=" x+{ K k hc#p2/4"9: 8=&(#8$#>`d 2c ! hF t5 $#;Z9:.1&(#9:[lBT$-/b;<#n2H5x>"oN&(/q."*W9:n&(#9: JC#."n2/-*~ o >n&: l [5x>#M&(#3 H"#- >"JT$- n-/P-/ `'9: n.9_'&(.&(- Y<9:22*-j2/9:n&( 2/ "9:-/;/.1&(q=F %`;<9:-/8:&(#c2/9: p.w5 $#;/>#b"9:Op-/ \"9: 2*#9:6r4.1&.O#%2/" YZ9:2/42/P.1&`'9: 32/P"9:-/;/.1&(q=F %;/O4;/9:Y/.!OM;<9= " T$- P"L;N&:M) #A)w.p.9:T$-[5 -/ 9: 2/2/o 9_ df-/ 2*"9:C#$-/#>K2/6.1&e9:.-/#9: h3#M&'8.1& Wf9:$#!32/.1&n'9: P2/P"9:-/;/.1&(q #c.1&n;Z9=M2/"\;/9:Y/.!"\O;Z9:#M&($#'F<^\" ;Z#-/YN&(#9: C-/>T$- "O;/>""!"2/C#n&(.9:3.w5x9: 2/2/o 9_9:-j..J;<-/# # "9:O;/.!#C#E#9:;/;<>"?2 &( b"##4'9: ?2H5 $#;Z9:.1&(#9:[F y\9:#%&(.q9:#o/\2/p"9:-/;/.1&(qE&(;/;Z9:#%2/9: p2/-*~n&(>.9:M&(#9: an& @A-/" &(-*~;/>"">"2/C#"%>#o 9$2/" " GI. [5 &?;/.- B2H5 $#;Z9:.1&(#9:[l n&(a-/ %;/9(@"#9:2/\.1&PM9:.-/#9:&(;/;/9() . . . . . . . . . .
(42) (.
(43) . o >"=F %K-/#.M3.3 3;/9$2*-/#?'&(.1&( A T$- O2 &( E.1&`W9:-/.1&(#9: 89:.-/"BR / F t["9:-/;/.1&(qn nLWw&(#?;/.- .9$'&(.$#P-/?.YZ9:2 2*-2/9:n&( =l n&( "9:C#$-/C#J2 &( 3#9:-/#.1&6'9: 2/"9:-/;/.1&(q=lr.w57&(2/2H5 -/ JWX9: #9: 2/>R /;/.- O.9: dXd ! F ! hhF c.1&K"2/9:/ 69: '&(M&:#!89:.-/OTC- r .w57&(.q9:#o/2/"9:-/;/.1&(q=F. .
(44)
(45) L ;5 )6 8-O5) U +. . $ *$ b/& . 4^ &( O.oN&(;/# ! l 9:- OM&(;/;<..9: O."O 9:#9: n2/YN&:M2/"Oo >n&: 09:.-/"E] / F +V-/% 9:- E2/>R /9: \.w57&(.q9:#o/O2/"9:-/;/.1&(q3TC- 9:- %>#-*) 2*9: B#o >"9:T$- C#b;<9:-/b2/-*~JMo >n&:B09:.-/"b]m/'F %M&(;/;Z..M&*) -/#?."%2* <>$#"p>#o 9_2/"p2/>"#"\2 &( b.1&Y/Y/.9:q=M&(;/o/=F *R [l 9:- %*) #9$2*-/9: .*#!O2H5x>"T$-N&(#9: 2H5xV-/.?;<9:-/?.w5 o$_2*9_2*$N&(OT$- =F \5x"#. ;/ ;N&(. 9_2/!.?T$- E 9:- b-/#.9: p;Z9:-/B."B#"#BC-/>T$- "'F ^4&( ?.`oN&(;/# $*l 9:'5 $#>"M&&(-'&:'&(.1&(`#Pr.w57&(.q9:#o/J2/ "9:-/;/.1&(q&:9_>Orn2/-*~K>#o 9$2/"?2/P09:.-/"?]m/df;<9:-/E2/"E ),Mo >n&:DhF. % 9:C#M& 9:#M&(OC#3T$- "##n&(.q9:#o/J"9:C8qOW9:#C#39:- 4." "9: 2*#9: c] toN&(Y/#- .."a&(-*~309:.-/"v]m/'F %2/9:/ M&4;/.- ;/>">C# -/ 3"#n&(#9: P2/P.w5x-/?"9:OOL;N&(4"#?&(.q9:#o/=F %Q2/>9:*) #M&`&(- MmT$- ?.w5x-/E#9:#M&(.L2/P"9: M8:&(#9:Q2/.w57&(.q9:#o/3"#\2/.w5x9:2* 2/
(46) F V -/#=l*2 &( c.\oN&(;/#Ek l_9:&(;/;/.T$- M&?.w57&(.q9:#o/?rP2/-*~n;/9:Y/.!" #"#2/"P89:.-/"R /# "[.;/9:Y/.!`'&(.1&(`2/ 2c-/q-/ n2* 9: 2H5x";N&:"3df. -*~n"#&(.9:cTC-N&:2*M&(#T$- hV#.b;/9:Y/.!%2*-n#-/Y<%r4Mo 9$%2/\{_9_2 ;Z9:-/L.n_#!n2H5x>"TC-N&(#9: 32H5xV-/.'F +m9:-/L""L2/-*~ ;/9:Y/.!"3O;/."'lm9: "9:/N& #O.1&K9:.-/#9: ~/&:#=F %j;<9:-/M&K2/9: "9:O;N&(O."38:&(.-/O'&(.-/.>"" &"8"."L8=&(.-/L~ &:#"O#3"9:*WX9:#3.J>"-/.#M&(#O2/`"9:$8q "62/`.1&M9:.-*) #9:Q&(;/;/9_o >"L8%.1&9:.-/#9:Q~ &:#=lN.9:T$- ?."%;N&:\2H5x";N&:"P#\2/#O; # 2/C# 8 Y F'V -/#=l'9:?;/ 2*M&B-/?'&: 2/V"9:-/;/.1&(qv-/H-/P2/9:n&( vT$- .S) "9: TC- =l<;<9:-/E-/ 39: 2/O2/LMo 9$L#!"E.$#VU<C#9_2*-/#4;N&(?V8:&J+ (#A),VN&( 2/ 2 &( M&#o !" x+( K& l;<9:-/.Q"9:O;N&(r""J>"-/.#M&(# Fc*R [lB9: &(;/;/.S) TC- M&n.1&n>#o 9$2/32/L"9:-/;/.1&(qL2 &( \.L'&:E2/.1&OWX9:n&(#9:e2*-`@A#ETC-/mC# 9:- a;/"9:;N&(B-/#9:-62 &( a-/ 4oN&(PY/?"9:C#N&($#p-/qC&(&(-;Z9=?dX'&: .
(47) .
(48) . ^\]m%) cy%E{/hF[GI.'57&(q=#2/9: n2/O'&(.-/.P;/>">C#L-/ "9: 2*#9:2H5xC#>" 2/P#I$;<3:@"#9:[lHM&( EC#9_2*-/O2/O"9: 2*#9: r`.1&J.O#O~_;/.#=lH"9:O ".."p2/>R /"b;N&( 2B&(2/9='lNt[?p9:-*~#by\"2/."?2 &( 2at[y SK F V*R [l_2 &( .pMoN&(;/# & l 9:- v;/>"$#9: c.1&E>#o 9$2/p;N&(#-/.1&(E{_+ ;Z9:-/W&(B.%'&(.-/. 2/p.w5 :@A"#9:QdX^\]m%) cy%E{/h=F c##bWX9:A),wl.V@#v"#9() 2/>.>4&"8"\.1&?>#o 9_2/E;N&(#-/.1&(=F %J;/.1&:"\2/9: \-/n&(..1&(qE0E]QR/~*E2 &( .1&pMoN&(Y/b2/qC&(- o =F %L8-/#VTC- .Mo >n&\TC-/*'57&(;/;/.T$- M&\-/m"n&(..1&(q 9:#p"9:-/;/.>&'8"?.?Mo >n&3;N&(#-/.1&(L-/B-/ 4'9: #M&(#\2*-6#9:-df89: .1&%]mq=-/ F ! h9F \5x"# ;/.- V"9:O;/.~*Br%>'&(.VT$-[57&"8"a2/" 09:.-/"V]m/V'&(m. n&(..1&(q%"#ct &(q=M&(/q= dX#p2/>WX9:E&(-`"9:-/c2*-n#O; DhF$uK&(c9:n;<-/#*) #;/>#."o >n&:;N&(#-/.1&("a"9:Op2/"co >n&:09:.-/"]m/'FCy%9:# >#o 9$2/pC-/>T$- \"#v2/9: p&:""9:2`&"8"%.1&4"9:$8q "%#o >"9:T$- =F_|p wl ."b;N&(#-/."\9$2/>.MC#%"9:"#$#E.?>"'&(/L2/EW9:n&(#9:K2*-O@#'l . Y/-/#BR N&(. >#M&(C#%2H5x9:Y 8p.w5x>.1&(q=MC#%2*-@A#p&( [>">=F. ]mq=-/ F ! ] 9:n&(#9:2*-3@# " "9:-/;/.1&(q&(;/;/.T$- >&(-'&:b^E] \) cy%E{.
(49)
(50)
(51)
(52). .
(53) '. (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1-.
(54) H 46) '#$&J" >"; [$,C>Q;:<-N GAGGAGAGGAGAGGA @.
(55) !"# $%&''&'&'&'(') *,+ +.- / 0!1 +
(56) 2&23 435 6'&'&'&'(') 7 598 + 3 :;=< (' + 13 >?'&'(') A
(57) CBD + E "F
(58) 5G + 35 IHJK'&'&'(').L. H IH ?A1B>J58-K " AGGGGGAGAGGAGAGGAGAGGA @ @@ @ L. H H ]. MN
(59) 23 ,OQPRTSU &''&'('&''&'&'&'(')V 7 - 5 3 B '
(60) 2; 323W 3 + 5
(61) CBD!X'(').Y Z3 + 3[&]\ + 3^&'&''&'('&''&'&'&'(')._ ` ;D3 B!E28 $N3 + a3 !b'('&''&'&'&'(')._ FCc dH + 5&0
(62) +- #e&'&''&'&'&'('fLg ` h
(63) 2 +.- [ + 1 i I35 j&''&'&'&'('fL.
(64) ' * 4 3:D- - +0+SUN0=VW)%+ ] . 'B. ! _X
(65) 0/e(') E. [t L;/9:Y/.!O2/ a&(- o$jd F hp;/>"$#3-/Q_#!L2H5x>"T$-N&(#9: 4 9:Q.S) >'&("Pdf;N&(p~/O;/.?.4_#!42H5x-/.DhFNuQ&(b9:6 ?M&(#b>#- 2*%.1&3"9:C8A) q "?2/"bMo >n&:BC-/>T$- "E&:2/>"TC-N&(#bT$- 42 &( B.4'&:b9 .1&L8=&(1&(Y/. 3"# -/ 8=&(1&(Y/.L'&(.1&(=F %8=&n&(.q=>P#9:-/#%;/>"MC#E.1&>#o 9_2/L2/"p09:.-/" ]m/p2 &( B.4'&:2*P_#!=l/'&(b9:6.w5 -/#.M&3;<9:-/b.4*#!42H5xV-/.'F .
(66) !"#
(67) $. [t "%>#o 9$2/"%C-/>T$- "4&:9_>""%&(-*~.9:\2/?"9: 8=&(#9:K9:$#pYN&:>"" -/n."`>"oN&(/q"2/6n&(#!Q&(-*~ #M&"82/"J&( #"`>;N&(M&($#`."`;<9:C#J2/ 2*>#M&(#9:[F. %P2/>R /#m2/9: v2/-*~9:- ),2/9:n&( "cdf 9:#>" E # E A h[2*-2/9:n&( "9:O;/.# E&%ZGIHKJbT$-/ c""9:-/8$$#-/V-/ a'9: PdXTC- a.w5x9:`&(;/;<..M&E'9: B2/B"9:-/;/.1&(q h 9:#>"* E A F/GI.b9:$#b2/9: 4#.pT$- " . E (' E A ? E D E () E A ? E +A ?&* , [. d! F h. c##?'9: ?2/P"9:-/;/.1&(q E A 2/9:#%-/#9:-/# #?2/?"-/? 9:6$-/..`df89:b 9: . >q=.q'&(Y/.?;N&(bM&(;/;<9:#%&(--/;/;Z9:#b2/4.1&3"9: 2*#9:/#1&(.MW R hF {$-/""c2/-*~9:- A),2/9:n&( "'l$9:n-/#.%2/"n&(..1&(q"cTC- ."9: T$- "c2/b#,_;< JV.>C#m]m/'F %4 V;<-/#H;N&: &'89: .w5 -/2/"H 9_- 2/[2H5 -/ Vn&(..crc.w5 C#>-/ 2/.w5 -/ 2/"&( #"2H5 -/ 6&(-/#n&(..=FV^E;/.- 'lm.1&K#1&(/q=-/.1&(#9: [5x"#O;N&: 2/>q> >>"`d&(- -/6#1&(/q=.[5x"#p&(;/.1&(# hF .
(68) '1' . )6 5 5)+.1-.+ -2 -.+:,)+9-O-9 -= -=VW: + . (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1-. _{ 9:C# #""2/-*~ #1&(/q=-/.1&(#9: F %2/>R /#6&(.9:J."J;N&:J2/ 2*>#M&(#9:6";N&:"?2/E.1&3n&(/!?-/8=&(C##" C G J ?
(69) Cf"N C NG G2D C A G J ? CX"N C G G [ V*R [l*9:`$#9$2*-/#a.1&2*>#M&(#9:`#O; F$t[%;N&:a2/b#O; a"#c 9:#> " ? : : F V#\9:>"9:-/#%.?;/9:Y/.!p@z- T$-[57&(-6#O; pR N&(. LF {_9:#%2/9: l*.42//% #M&(C#%'&(.-/.>4;N&(b.4Mo >n&*F : &"8" . ? " !# %$& . %. /; >"$#n&($#N&(C#.w57&(;/;/9"~*n&(#9: 2/6.1&eM9:.-/#9:[l9'/ >"Q-/ oN&:-/ 2/"bn&(.."*". #:,:4 )N VW)> VW'-= - ,-/5) + 5 N . t &B9:.-/#9:L&(;/;/9$Mo >";/>"$#-/ &(;/;/9"~*n&(#9:32/V.1&a9:.-/#9:[l"9 *) >"?-/boN&:-/ P2/"Bn&(.."*" 4 + , (5 6 3
(70) *) " C NG
(71) 3C>COD : G.- CVD , ( 3 R
(72) ? " + C NG
(73) 3R9C>CBG.- CD -/B.4n&(..1&(q # . . 4. ) 5 (6 3 A / ( 3 AR ?. , 3 C>COD G.- CVD "N+ C G , : "NC G 3RC>CBG.- CD +. -/p.n&(..1&(q ! F\5x"#p.1&3W9:2/P""\&(;/;/9'~_n&(#9: ET$-/ 9:- E&O;<9:- >r -/#.p-/ 4;/9(@"#9:2*- ?#I$;<&(-6.-K2H5 -/ 4C#;<9:.1&(#9:Q;Z9: #- .. ;Z9:-/p H"#- b.4"9:-/;/.1&(q=F . .
(74) ' * 4 3:D- - +0+SUN0=VW)%+ . t &O2*M>#M&(#9:2/E.w5x9:;<>M&(#-/p#O;<9:..?>#M&(C#\O;/.C# " 8. 3 8 :. 3
(75) . ). '6L. 3
(76) D . " "? 9:#M&(#9: P 9:- ?2/9:/ C#L.1&9:.-/#9:&(;/;/9$Mo >"n.1&:T$- 2/""o >n&: 09:.-/"p]m/*" 3 >C>COD G(? 3 C>CBG
(77)
(78) C : G [ d ! F! h : R
(79)
(80)
(81) . 9 .1&\W9: #9:
(82) C>CBGm;/>"$#b.1&\W9: #9: 2*'&(#"3d 9:- Y h 2/b.1&\n&(.. #
(83)
(84) C : Gl "..c2/.w5 C#8=&(..a2/#O; 'F(GI."#r%2/>".1&b2*>#M&(#9: 2*-;/9:Y/.!42/* a&(- o$ed F hl/2 &( a.E'&:2*42/"bMo >n&:B"9: 8=&(#SWX%r#9: ;Z9:$#'F . . . !"#
(85)
(86) . V $#oN&:T$- n&(..=lm9:j2/>R /#3.1& 9:n&(.!
(87) M9:#M&(C#2/`.1&n&(/! -/8=&(C#ndf89:BR q=-/ ! F h " AC F DC#" D%$ G D(AC'& F DC#" D)(3GD d ! %F $h C C %C* & D+!
(88) G-, @ [ . . n e,C. Cr (e). Cl (e). ]mq=-/ ! F \^ >R /#9:2/4.1&L 9:n&(. ${ -/EoN&:-/e2/"pn&(..1&(q" l 9:-/#.?-/ 3&(;/;/9"~*n&(#9:e2/"%>"MoN&(/q"42/ n&(#!`$#n."Ww&:"##"P2/"n&(.."'l T$- .w5x9:j&(;/;Z..0 -*~ C-/>T$- =F %.
(89) '%(. (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1-. ""9:O;Z9=P.1&n9'/ 32/"%>"MoN&(/q"42H5 -/ n&(..P;N&(\M&(;/;Z9:#4r"%89: " <"#-N&($#p-/ 4"9:PY/N&(9:K"9:$8~*-/B#9:-/#?M&PWX9:C#!=F t &39:.-/#9:&(;/;/9_o >"?2*-Mo >n&L09:.-/"b]m/aC-/>965 $A5Hd $ ? + D ha"# 9:Y/#C- P&(-#O; : b2/4.1&Ln&(/!-/8:&($#VU A F7" . .
(90)
(91) !
(92) D 3
(93) D 3
(94) &
(95) N< C=3
(96) G [ !
(97) D ? ""N,C C#"NG G 3
(98) D
(99) 8 &"8"
(100) ? $ ""NC CN8 G G A FzF 3
(101) 3
(102) . ?. 3. . . d ! F k$h. . . c## >"#-/2*-Mo >n&;<#2/ .e89:"9:O -/ "9:PY/N&(9:. "9:C8~/2/co >n&: P-/ 2* 9:[l(2 &( m.1&b2*"#9:39:#o 9:q9:N&(.brbMoN&:TC- &( #B2/a.1&pn&(..=FCVLW&(#'l:.c#b2/ -*~ < C>3
(103) G [
(104) [5x"#m;N&: O;/.>n&($#> 2 &( b."b"9_2/"b2/4'&(.-/.p'&(p.[4O;/.SRN?2 &( p.1&39:O?-/B."p&( #" " "N C "G !
(105) ? @ [ . .
(106). V -/ 2* 9: 2H5x";N&:"=lc".1& 9:- 2/9:/ =lc;Z9:-/J#9:-/#n&(..3 9(). #>" F7" . 3
(107) ? ?.
(108) 3
(109) 3. D 3 D 3 " N C G
(110)
(111) "NC G 3
(112) D 3
(113) . .
(114)
(115) D 3
(116) D 3
(117) 3
(118) ; D 3
(119) [ . t &LW9: #9: "#p&(;/;<.>" -*~C-/>T$- 2*-Mo >n&O#B8>SRN#" . C D 3OD 3GP? < >C 3BG [ D C D 3OD"!+PG ? C D"!D 3BG [ . . . \^ ;/.- lV9: -/;/;Z9=MTC- =5x"#O-/ W9: #9: tH; Mo/#"/ "9:$#C- =Fy%9:- 8 9: p2H5 C#9_2*-/? ."bo >n&:%"9: 8=&(#SWXprL#9:p;Z9:$#'F.
(120) ' T' (*N:5)+.1] ^]. '
(121) . +-._$ `. . A.
(122) . 0 ; ' T'
(123)
(124) "!$#%'&)(*,+*--&.
(125) t A CFEHG0/ 1%!,2 / #3+465 R C FG EH /87 &.
(126) +*-9&:
(127) / +,&.
(128) / ;#:
(129) / #:=<>#. !!? / @A!B=<C#:! !?#ED )F G &:@=;&:@ C F I GK &:@";&: 7 &.
(130) +*-9&:
(131) =J F6tNADCFEH"
(132) >C CG , J C T6.G -3T [ L C J GB>C CBG ? d ! F& h /BC NG
(133) S < MENO QP . . . . . R. %.
(134). . . n&(TC- K2/K-/#T$- K"##6W9:-/.Q"#J#9:-/#r Ww&(#`O.1&(er .1& "9: #- #9:2/?.1&39:.-/#9:&(;/;/9_o >"2/9:/ >"?;N&(b."B09:.-/"p]m/'F y\9:#M&(#9: " {$.w5x9: >"#P"##;/9(@"#9: ;<9:-/? 9=?M9:.-/#9: L&(;/;/9_o >"" "9: #M&(C#"%;N&(B9:"'&(- A ! FVURDC Gc# A ! A FVURDC A G L. A C! G A C ! A G
(135). L. . | 8". ]
(136) A 9 P P MENO WYX MQ[1Z \ ? ] A
(137) EP9P. ?. . W ^N O WYX MQ[1Z \. !
(138). ! A . "C ) NG D "C, C G NG " ] " C ) G [. %W9:&( H-/ ?"9:PY/N&(9:"9:$8~*=l 6 <#*" "C ) G ?" C G ].
(139) A ? A
(140) ?. D. d ! FI h. [. . d ! F h. . . . .
(141) . [. t &;/9(@"#9: &( E2/>R /K8>SRN2/9: -/ ;/9:;/>#>#!"JO;<9:#M&(C#=l "9: "N&(C#\.1&3"9: 8=&(#9:2/E.1&3n&:M " ,. _. . . L. . A C! G C>CG. %2*#%&(.9:bT$-[5x..?"#b"9:. . M8:&(#8=F. - C ? , !
(142)
(143) >C CG [ _
(144) .
(145) '. (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1 . # ! .
(146) . + . | ;N&(#O2/`"`;<9:C#'l 9:j&"9: 2/!>T$- .2/9:n&( E "#32/>""9:-/;<>J 2/-*~M9:- A),2/9:n&( " E #HE A T$-/H;<9=!"2/C#p-/ EC#"#9:K 9:8$2/ E A F. % 2/>R /#.1&WX9: #9: 2/n"9:-/;/.1&(q F GIH J r.w57&(2/2H5 -/ WX9: #9: TC- E.w5x9:6;/9:.9:/q;N&(b"9:C#$-/#>Lr3#9:-/# E 2/4.1&PW& "9:-/8:&($# " . . ! F! F. p. 4. C>CBGP?. . . . +. C G. 5 6 @ >C @. . XE FXE C FXE C. +. . C. F. E A.
(147) D D
(148) [. AE. A A. d ! F! h. %;/>"$#M&(#9:;Z9=Y/.p2/p"##%W9: #9: "#2/9:/ >"E2 &( .1&4R q=-/ . 1 α (x). 1- α (x). 0 Ω. 1. Ω. Ω. 2. ]mq=-/ ! F ! ] 9: #9:2/?"9:-/;/.1&(q 1,2. / #b."b2/-*~9:- A),2/9:n&( "Ldf8$#M&(-*~;Z9:-/B.1&3"9:$8q " hB2/ E 9 .1&LWX9: #9:2/4"9:-/;/.1&(q?8=&(-/#B8$M&($# ". %62/>R. E A E. R ? ? . A. . . XE A D C=CG ? FXE A D =C CG ?. C F. . C. . @. . . +. d ! FK h.
(149) ' T' (*N:5)+.1-. '. %&(;/;/9_o. &(.9:P"##W9: #9:2/`"9:-/;/.1&(q`2/n.1& n&(/!JT$- ;Z9:-/p."B09:.-/"p]m/ " . . . %&O&(.9:. ,. +. 7C>CBG- C ? L C G
(150) D , 7C>CBG- Cd? L C G [ . "NC NG + ? "C G
(151) ?. . .
(152). . . . d ! F Y h t[O;/ ;<3q=.9:YN&(.v2/3.w57&(.q9:#o/`"#E.O-/8:&($##"<9: ;N&(#?2/"?9:.-/#9: &(;/;/9$Mo >""PrJ-/e #M&($# : 2/9:/ >=F %e-/#.3."2/-*~QMo >n&:?$-/>TC- " >;N&(>C#3dX9:;Z>M&(#9:6T$- E.w5x9: 9:#?&(.9:B";<"#8C# # A hl*;/-/p9: <"#- 3.1&J"9:"#9:e;N&(E.3"9:-/;/.1&(q6df;/9(@A"#9: L A #6L A hlZ;<9:-/E9:Y/#/ ."E9:.-/#9: ?r.w5 #M&(C#?-/8=&(C# : F %e&n;/>"$#>Oo >n&(#T$- C#"" >#M&(;Z"%2 &( B.1&PR q=-/ ! %F $*F .
(153) D F @ D + . . . . n. v1n C. v2 D. S1. S2 n+1. u1 C. Π 21 v 1n+1 C. u n+1 2D Π12 n+1. v 2D. ]mq=-/ ! F%$ %| .q9:#o/4q=.9:YN&(. " Mo >n&:b;/-/b;/9(@A"#9: .
(154) '. (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1-. 4^ &( "##3R q=-/=l ."?>#M&(;Z" # A "9:";<9: 2/C#O&(-*~e2/-*~eMo >n&: C-/>T$- "P#P."?>#M&(;Z""L A #0L A ;/>"C#$#P.";/9(@A"#9: L#?."9:-*) ;/.1&(q=F t57&(.q9:#o/O2/3"9:-/;/.1&(q32/>R /#E2/-*~ 9:-/8.."4-/#" C!
(155) G # C
(156) ! A G TC-/[9:$#p2/9:/ >""b;N&(p."aWX9:P-/."p-/8=&(C#" " . 4. (( !
(157) ((. ?. ((. 5(. (( ! A ( 6((. . . . . . d ! F h. . . ?. ((. &"8". C +
(158) G L A 3 A
(159) ; "NC,G ! D "C NG
(160) C + G 3 A L A 3 ",C,G ;! [ "NC G A
(161)
(162) 3
(163). . ?. . . ?. . . . . . ! ! A . %n&(T$-. ? . ? .
(164) 3
(165) C +
(166) GK3 A D ; 3
(167) C + G3 A [ . ;. . J BTC- `.w5x9: &O;/.#$#n"9: #-/#3.Jn&(..1&(q"O2/"LC#A) "#9: j2/"bn&(.." 2*-n&(..1&(q" # 2*-n&(..1&(q ! lN2 &( b.1&'9: P2/ "9:-/;/.1&(q=F cP 9:-/8'&(-Qn&(..1&(q3"#%-/Q9:-/#. "C#.m;<9:-/%.1&`2/>9: #M&(#9: 2/?"9:C8q "P#b.1&3"9: #- #9:$-/>TC- P2/4.w57&(.q9:#o/=F. % ;Z-/#2/9: 2/>R /2/-*~ 9:.-/#9: &(;/;/9$Mo >""6&(- M `2/"J09:.-/" ] /p-/ E df";<"#8C# E A h " . 4. (5 ( ! C>COD : G(? !
(168)
(169) C>CBG
(170)
(171) C : GSD
(172) 6 ! C>COD G(? ! C>CG [
(173)
(174) C : G (( : A . d ! F ! h. V#b9:-/#.4 M&O&(- <."a9:.-/#9: p&(;/;/9_o >"" ,C#>"2*1&(" ?-/8=&(C#" " . (( 3 C>COD : G(? 3
(175)
(176) C>CG
(177)
(178) C : GSD 5
(179) 6 3 C>COD G(? 3 C>CBG
(180)
(181) C : G [ (( : A . . d ! F $h.
(182) ' T' (*N:5)+.1-. V*R [l 9:62/>R /#p.1&39:.-/#9:&(;/;/9_o >"9'/ >" ". '6<. C G. 3 =CED (? :. C=CG ! C>COD : G C + . ;. . C=CG G ! C COD : G . [. d ! F k$h. (& m.7oN&(;/# $bT$- v"##c2//!M9:.-/#9:3&(;/;/9_o >" "9:C8q8b.1&39:.-/#9:Ww&(Y/.?$#9:;/TC- =F. %L8:&p2/>9:C#V2. . . . . D- WV 03 UN,-.+ -.)N +
(183) )6 -.+ c 9:OP 9:- b.w57&"89: \~*;/.TC- >?C#9_2*- #9:[lN."9:-/;/.1&(qP2/?Mo >n&M W&(#\&:#- ..C#\rO;N&(#p2/E#9:b2/>""b2*"#""\2* H>C#"*" t["cq=.."a;N&(a9:"'&(- dX9:- ,q=2`;N&(#Mo//q p)V89: xb-/Y !! #
(184) x\&( ! k hH" +. . . . ."O2/-*~9:- A),2/9:n&( "2*@A9:$#n&"8"-/Y<9:2j"9:O-/[F %9:Y 8 2/"c>q=-/.1&(#>"p&(-*~`"9: B#B&(-*~`Y<9:2/'+F c.1&PO;/.TC- \.1&9$2*SRN'&(#9: 2/"Po >n&:P/#1&(-*~ ;Z9:-/P'&(.-/.P"9:"#C#3."3 -*~e9:- .M& @9:-/# 2H5 -/ `"9: 2*#9:r.1&.O#=F ^\;/.- 9: 2/9:#P&'89:.1&"##- 2/`TC- .1& .O#?2*-"9:-/;/.1&(q4 E89:#B;N&:p2/4o 9_E.1&#M&'8%&(-6"9:-/b2*-6'&(.-/.wF t57&:2 &(;/#M&(#9:2*-n&(..1&(q3dX9:- ,q=2J&:2 &(;/#/q zh "C&'8"p."WX9:#vq=M&:2*C# 2/p.1&49:.-/#9:[ F %`[57&4;N&:vYZ"9:n 2/bM&'89:ar4.w57&"8=&( "%9 nMB#9:-/8C# ."pWX9:#pq=M&:2*C#\;<9:-/p##P-/n&(..1&(qR 2/"- F G,.%9:C#%"o A) Mo >"a;N&(.w57&(.q9:#o/=F t pn&(..1&(q4"#a'&(.-/.>E9:#c;N&(a2/"c#"Mo//TC- " 8=&(1&(#9:/ .."E;Z9:-/pW&(L>89:.- \-/ '9: R =l M9:#p;N&(E2/"% '&:#) $#p2/4n&(..1&(q"bR 'F t &J"9:-/;/.1&(q3;N&(?-/;<;<9=#9:e2/P2/9:n&( =F[t "Eq=.."49:C#\R/~/>""E;N&( -/;<;<9=#9:)v o :M>""Pdf89: x|a## !! h " %Ww&(#%&(.9:b2/4.w5 $#;Z9:.1& ) #9:&(-*~2/-*~YZ9:2/p~_# "b2/?.1&L'9: ?2/?"9:-/;/.1&(q=F. . . .
(185) L
(186) . N N Q)6;4-X 3:,5)+.1-. (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1-. [t 9:T$- O.w5x9: ;N&(.`2/O"9:-/;/.1&(qn2/Mo >n&$-/>TC- KdX#?;/.- 4q> >M&(.) C#2/2/>""9:O;Z9=#9:j2/2/9:n&( hlV9:o Mo r>"O-/ `>#o 9_2/JC-*) >TC- .1&e;/.- #M&( ;N&($#6;<9=Y/.;N&(M&(;/;<9:#`rQ-/}'&(.-/.p-/O#9:-/#n. 2/9:n&( =F[V..O2/9:#&(- #3;/.- 4sn'&:"dXeM& sN&($#?.9_'&(.C#?.O'&(.-/.wl .1r69 ."?;/9:Y/.!"3C-/>T$- "3-/8_/ C#LoN&(Y/#- ..C#Dh3#L-/#9:-/#*) 2/>;Z 2 &($#2/"Oo >n&:3-/#.>" F \5x"#A)Ir ),2*TC- `.w5x9:j `8-/#3;N&:O&"89:nr 9$2*SRN."9$2/62*-}'&(.-/.1&(#-/'F % 89:- 2*M&(#JO;/.C#&"89:`reM& @A9:-/# -/ B;N&(#p"9:-/;/.1&(q=lC 2/>;Z 2 &($#%2/"Mo >n&:'l$TC-//;<##M&(#2/aWw&(B;/.-*) -/b"9:-/;/.1&(q"'l W9: #9:2/E.1&3"9:O;/.~*#>?2*-;/9:Y/.!4;/o$_T$- ?>#- 2*>=F V*R [l*9:J2/n&( 2/4r4.1&>#o 9_2/%2/%;Z##E2/\"9:-/;/.a&(M>C#a;/.- -/ o >n&: >"9:.8=&(C# ;/.- -/m9_2/!."m;/oC*TC- "BdX"9:OB=5x"#m.c'&:m2 &( "## #o !"=lN&"8"?.49$2/!.42/y\&'8$A)z{$#"9 &"%#p".-/ 2H5xV-/.DhF . %n89:#cO>"2*1&(#C#BT$-. b .">#o 9$2/"c2/p2/>""9:O;<9=#9:2/p2/9:n&( " - "C#n."OMo >n&:dX9: 2/9:#O9_2*SRN~*;/.#C#n."O"9: 2*#9: J&(-*~ .O#"V2/" 9:- ),2/9:n&( "DhF=t5 -/#.M&(#9:O2/"mq=.."&:2 &(;/#M&(#8" O;/.TC- a.." &(- b.1&Q9_2*SRN'&(#9:}2/"`o >n&:Qdf;N&(.1&Q"Mo o Q2/"OW9:#Oq=M&:2*$#J# .n&(..1&(qQ.9_'&(. h`# ;<#;N&:2*"#C#K2/9_2/>.2* H>C# ;/9:Y/.!"b;/oC*T$- "'F . \5x"#n;<9:-/n""nM&(9: `T$- 9:- `>#- 2*9: `.w57&(.q9:#o/;/>"$#>2 &( . .1&3;N&(#?;/>"">"2/$#L2/"?oN&(;/#=FZG,.m&(;/;N&(#C#4rO.1&3#9:!P'&(#>q9:P2/ >#o 9$2/a2/c"9:-/;/.1&(qEdf;N&(V-/;<;<9=#9:L2/n&(..1&(q hm#m>;Z9: 23 H"#8C# rL#9:-/#"b."b'&(M&:#>#T$- "\TC- E.w5x9:68_C#%2/4#'F .
(187) ' T' (*N:5)+.1D-O9:5;)+.-X:,)++:D-2:D +; . L. +m9:-/c.w5 O;/.>$#M&(#9:2 &( -/J"9_2/p2/\'&(.-/.wl$NFx|PF 2a &lC+mFi3F 2-///q # FxtvF_{$#q\dX2 &( 2b{ !& hmC#9_2*-/$#-/ po/>M&(o/M&(#9:JN&(#-/..LdXM.9: .-/`M& s $#Dh`2/"nn&(..1&(q"-/;<;Z9=M>"'FGI.n9:-/.q= $#`.w5 O;<9:#M&( "Q2*o 9:S~ 2/.w5 C#;<9:.1&(#9: df89: 2a^ ! $ ;Z9:-/n.6#M&(#C#J;N&(`2/"J>"`2/ &'$.9:Dhl -/#9:-/#L2 &( ?.n'&:L9 2/"L9: 2/"P2/`o 9_"?#M&'8C#3."?Y<9:2/L2/ .1&L'9: ?2/4"9:-/;/.1&(q=F ^4&( 2a ! %l 2aqBq> >M&(.4.w5 $#;Z9:.1&(#9:;Z9:-/B." .9:E2/"9: 8=&(#9:[F<G,.%9:C#$#?TC- .w5 C#;<9:.1&(#9:eY/S)w. >'&( ! ^ "#p;/.- sn'&:"?T$- E.42/>8.9:;/;Z$#%2/4 &'$.9:%.9:T$- E."B2/>8>""p2H5x9:2*"b>.8>"" 2/4.1&39:.-/#9:M9:C#B;<-O;Z9:#M&($#"'FNGI.a-/#.C#%.w5 C#;<9:.1&(#9:#. >M&( " ? ;. A
(188) . ; ; ; ; ; ;. 9 d@ C DD 2G + ;/>"C#4."p"9$9:2/9:/ >""%2*-;Z9:$#b9 6.<W&(-/#a$#;Z9:. #B."b"9_snC# C G 2/>;< 2/C#%2/"B8:&(.-/p2/E.1&PWX9: #9:rL$#;Z9:.'F. %689:#bY/6[T$- E.1&O9:.-/#9:"o o >"L"#b-/;/;<9=>"E>q=-/.!=F Fx|LF 2a & l+ FiOF 2c-///qj#J FxtvFa{$#q"9: .- C#~_;/.T$-N&(C#T$- .1&-/;<;Z9=#9:e2/Ln&(..1&(qO;<#4-/ LYZ9:/ &:2 &(;/#M&(#9:r`.w5 $#9$2*- #9: 2/6WX9:C#!" la&(-M& s C#>."#SWL2/n&(..1&(qQ#Jr .w5 -/#.M&(#9: 2/6;/.-*) -/49_2/!."?;/o$_T$- "'FHuQ&(E.?O9:$#P&(;< - ?TC- 3.-/?Mo >n& dX#4;N&: .n"9:-/;/.1&(q` q> >M&(.g"gih&YZ"9:2/;/.- 2H5x H#?8_T$- -*~ -/4."?n&(.." 2H5 C#;<9:.1&(#9:[F |pR 62/\2/>8.9:;/;<b.w5x~*;/.'&(#9:2/"a>#o 9_2/"b~_#M&(C#"'l/9:6&PYZ"M9:62/ TC- .T$- "? 9:#M&(#9: P -/ 2* 9:2H5x";N&:"=F t &'9: 2/"9:-/;/.1&(q` ^ ;Z-/# # " E ' E A ? Q D ' D ? E D E ) E A ? E A ? D ?&* , [ . . . . . . . . .
(189) L'. (*)+,-/.10= N02)657 9N:5)+.1-. t[4 9:Y/P2/E;Z9:$#p2H5 $#;Z9:.1&(#9:Q2 &( b"##4'9: ?"#. E A. . E A A. ? . ? U. [. V#p9:;<-/#b;Z9=MB."B;Z9:$#p2/Eq=.. " T ? 8C =G F/E ) E A D%? C ? A F/E A ) E A D? @ [ [ U [ ; |p.9:B."bC#AWw&:""%2/4"9:-/;/.1&(q"%9:C#p ? C ? T - . @ [ [ *D. ;. C - G2D ? T ?QC
(190) - A ? C
(191) C A - A G D ; \.1&2//!\n&(..E2*-`n&(..1&(q + &"8=&(C#a.w5 $#AW&:"E#2/>"q= ?. T. . 9 P2/>"q= ;/O!?n&(..?2*-6n&(..1&(q &(;/!"B.w5 C#AWw&:"=F t[?2/>"'&(.1&(qLrLqC&(- o 2/"bq=.."p"#p&(.9: C - ? . T. %.1&. . . m+ &(OH."B2* H>C#"a>#o 9_2/"B2/E"9:-/;/.1&(qE;N&(c-/;Z;<9=#9:~_#M&(C#"'l 9:2*#/q=- 4#9:b2*"#9: \2/E"o Mo " FBGIC#;<9:.1&(#9:;N&(b."B8=&(.-/B.O#"LdX9:- , 9:n&(. zh . . ! A R. ?. C+. - G 3 . . . - 3 ;. ! FBGIC#;<9:.1&(#9:2/" -*~ dX2/9:/ >4;N&(2aqDh 3 D 3 R ? C + - G 3 D 3 A A A . . . . - 3 D 3 ;.
(192) ' T' *( N:5)+.1L1L *$ Fbt &c#9:!v"# &(;/;<.>"%""9: #- #9:*),G,$#>q=M&(#9:P;N&( bF"+(#A),N&( 2/ # 2EF { @ :q="2 &( x+{ K k F %-/#.M&(.9:B-/ EC#;<9:.1&(#9: 9:n&(. 2H5x9:2* ! l &"8"?.O#M&(#-/\2/E;Z$# " ! A R ? + , ! >C CBG - COD A 9 MR. &'8". C>CBGP?. ! . "#B.4.O#M&(#-/*". . . . ! . + D + D. . ?. =C C C . ;. G . .
(193) >C CG [. . ?
(194) ! D ! @. ! L ! ,-@/l 9:[F - ..3TC- P9:#p.1&>#o 9$2/L2H5 C#;<9:.1&(#9:e-/#.>"=lZ9:;/ 2.1&9:.-/#9: &(;/;/9$Mo >"# ". ! 6C>COD : G. ?. C CBG. !
(195)
(196). .
(197)
(198) . CG. :.
(199) ;
(200) _ !
(201)
(202) >CBG
(203)
(204) C G C : ; R ! A C>CBG
(205)
Documents relatifs