المصطلح النحوي في آثار محمد بن يوسف أطفيش

Texte intégral

(1) 2005‫ א‬2 ‫ א

(2) אא‬. 141 . ëçvßÖ]x×Ş’¹] éË_Ì‰çèàe‚Û¦…^ma» . . ê×èøq‚·_K.

(3) ‫אאאא‬ ‫ אא‬ . . “~×¹] !‫א א א א א א א א א‬ " 5‫ א א (כא‬3‫ כ‬21 01‫ א‬.‫א‬/ - . %&‫*) ( 'א‬+" #$ ‫ א‬A*DE1‫ א‬9*!‫ !@א אא‬AB / ‫א‬ 9*!‫?> !אא‬9=;< )*+: "9*8‫ א‬9*8*& C K" 01‫ א‬%*I J@ ‫ א‬.!G:‫ א‬H/‫ א‬DE1‫ א‬$‫א א‬/*‫א &אכ‬/B ‫א‬/B F<< A **( ‫* כ‬9! L* M N‫א‬/‫ א א‬# )*+" #$ ! A *91‫ א‬SI K‫*א‬O:‫ א‬PD" ( -‫ *א‬K‫ כא‬KI A/* $ ! QR K" KG C .‫*א‬U V & (‫א‬T ‫ &אא‬L&‫* א‬T The summary This article treats the most important linguistic terms used by ‘Mohamed Ben Youcef Atfiche’. In his book “ TAYSIR EL TAFSIR”, one sees that it is full of various expressions especially the eloquent expressions which the author has left for the examiners of the eloquency and the literary critics. This research comes up with the idea that ‘Mohamed Ben Youcef Atfiche’ has used the terms of the grammarians of both El Basra and El Koufa without conforming himself with a specific school, even he deviates most of the times to El Basra school for their widespread terms used orally and in compose. "#$ !

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(10) 143. 2005‫ א‬2 ‫ א

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(22) 2004‫ א‬2 ‫ א

(23) אא‬. 146. ‫א‬G‫א‬G<RF*=( A‫ א‬L/ L/ C P8! j/ " "SB" S/ ! QE‫ א‬AL < (22) . «…NG‫ א‬QE‫ א‬:.‫א‬H "…3* - 1[‫ א‬QE‫ א… א‬ V ;IF= ‫ כ א‬AN‫א‬/‫ א‬g9‫כ‬s > ‫" א‬3*‫ "א‬Z WG‫א‬9 "NG‫ "א`א‬Z KI C Z B Q‫א‬H ‫*) ( א א‬+" .B .‫א‬H!‫א‬$ J/‫* ( א‬1 C 9*@‫ א‬3B‫ א`!א * – (א‬/8‫ א‬3" /B – S‫ &א‬%X‫א‬1$ K: A"3*‫"א‬ ‫א‬+I » L< = XF ‫< א‬XwI= :S‫ &א‬% [ ( tE`‫ א‬K( A‫ א‬9 9T‫א‬ F < %! K $ LX: AL 9*@! x* %X" AS‫ &א‬%‫ "(א‬%X" ‫ כ‬- A9 ‫א‬ A%&G‫ !א‬L9 B .‫א‬+" L" ‫ א‬S‫ ( &א‬AK‫ א*א‬L;`‫ א‬G‫א‬Gq‫ א‬SI - A‫א‬Y" L; ‫א כ א‬H‫ \א‬K‫ כא‬K‫ א*א‬9‫ אכ‬L; ‫ א ! כ‬18‫אכ‬ h8* A‫*א‬I G' ‫א!א א‬1$: 9 %X" ‫ כ א‬A‫ א‬9 ( ANG‫ !א`א‬-I k@& Q- R ‫ א‬/B Av‫א‬9D:‫ !א‬ C h8* S‫ &א‬%‫ "(א‬K: A"‫ א‬Q-" .(23)«1[‫אא‬. "3*‫ "א‬-! "NG‫ "א`א‬Z ! )*+" 9*1& ‫א‬sI v9‫(א‬ t‫א‬H‫א‬ %*I .‫ <<א‬9*1‫ א א‬A3M RB ‫ א‬NG‫א‬I %/ A%R/‫ א‬I1 ‫א‬1;I ( G L .(24)‫ א‬NG‫ !א‬k& ‫אא א‬1‫ !@א ( א‬AK ‫א כ‬ Z #* & KI :. HX K" ‫ כ‬%*B .(25)‫*א‬B ‫א‬/+‫ א א‬N‫א‬/‫ א‬P‫כ‬ Z B ‫א‬G9 & K‫ כא‬%8X h[ ‫ ( א‬A> V C H<B< /G j(‫ !א‬K‫" כא‬NG‫"א`א‬ .9\n SI 9B ‫ א 'א‬%[‫א‬/& > ‫ א‬N‫א‬/‫א‬ : G‫א‬1$-‫ א‬3 % H g9*8& ( )*+" g9‫כ‬s A+‫" אא‬L; " X‫ א‬S/ "G‫א‬1$-‫"א‬ w = = = L& @&‫ א‬:.‫ [א‬sIF A(26)K. ‫א‬ LX" g! = 3f= ‫ א‬L& @&‫ א‬L;:S‫&א‬ < < FF < F < F < F F F F < w w JX Ag & C ‫א‬8‫ א‬3fB» F w < S/ ! 3f‫ א‬L& @&‫ " א‬A%X1& ‫א‬I >9 = .1 L AQ9 L8f‫ א‬j " Al"9‫ א‬9 ( A‫ א‬ ‫ & א‬- : N‫א א‬ w V "#$ !

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(27) אא ‪ 2‬א‪2005‬‬. ‫‪147‬‬. ‫;‪1$E L‬א‪ ( LX: " AG‬א ‪s‬כ‬ ‫א א‪ ! hRX N‬א&@א‪A19[ N ! gs‬‬ ‫‪w‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫(‪! 3‬א‪ 1+ \ Le‬א !‪z9f( A%‬‬ ‫! ‪ A‬א‪ ( 9|/‬אא‪s A‬כ ‪F‬‬ ‫א@א‪ 9 Ag ( LX" SYH SB 5‬א‪!n B L‬א‪s B Le‬כ…«)‪.(27‬‬ ‫(א‪1$-‬א‪ Z G‬א(‪" S/ k‬א‪9\U& YH& "L;" K: A ! "P*&9‬‬ ‫‪w‬‬ ‫א‪i‬א‪9& X‬א\*‪ B %‬א‪( A*/q ! .:‬א ‪ B %*B W‬א ‪S$‬‬ ‫‪ YO‬א *‪H‬א `‪RX‬א‪ .‬א א‪ L|B" A%*B N‬א‪9$I /! SB L/‬א‪A3*e‬‬ ‫א ‪1B W‬א‪9$I /! NG‬א‪ 3*e‬א‪ ! 3f‬א א ‪ X" Z1[" AB‬א‬ ‫אכ‪.(28)9‬‬ ‫(א‪F SB .G "L;" W9‬א‪ A=w=F1‬כ א " א ‪ %*I‬א‪/‬א‪ AN‬כ‪ L L/‬כ‪g9‬‬ ‫<‬ ‫‪w‬‬ ‫! ‪" Z‬א‪1$-‬א‪ g SB 9iX L A"G‬א‪ ( * 8‬א א‪ (29)LM‬א 'א‬ ‫א‪ SB /‬כ‪&9i‬א‪ A‬כ‪ 3‬א ( ‪ g‬א 'א "‪& "L;" K‬כ ‪D K‬א‪1‬א ‪SB‬‬ ‫;‪ *( :%M" ;E‬א‪9T‬כ ( אכ‪ AL‬א‪ AP*&9‬א )‪[ .(30‬א‪ .‬א‪9‬א‪:t‬‬ ‫‪w‬‬ ‫[ &כ ‪/}$E K‬א‪[ .(31)W‬א‪ .‬אכ (* ‪& [ :K‬כ ‪q K‬א‪.(32)Ne‬‬ ‫‪/ 9*TX‬א "‪ L )*+" K‬כ‪" Z 9‬א‪1$-‬א‪ ( "G‬כא!‪" :%‬א ‪8‬א‪3e‬‬ ‫א‪/;" A"*H*H‬א‪ W9 %O9 t‬א‪ A#‬אכ‪ ! S‬א ‪ 9‬א‪A"L;" X‬‬ ‫‪f‬אא‪ N‬א‪ PO‬א א! ‪.Q9Mn‬‬ ‫‪ 4‬אא‪ t‬א ‪: Ns 1f‬‬ ‫"אא‪ t‬א ‪ (33)"Ns 1f‬א ‪/B 91‬א !"&א‪ t‬א‪"! A"0*XU‬א‪ t‬א‪" A"0*XU‬‬ ‫!"&א אא‪ /B A"3B‬א‪H‬א‪ S‬א‪ A * /‬א ‪* 8X‬א ( [ א‪XB‬א א`‪*eE‬‬ ‫א‪! i‬אא‪ t‬א ‪/ WE\ - AO‬א ( כא!א‪ XI A‬א כא‪ K‬א@‪/B WE‬‬ ‫א‪H‬א‪ ( t‬כא!א !* א ‪ O‬א ‪ A+ !9‬כ א ‪ 2\ ( G‬א ‪( A#‬‬ ‫)‪(34‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫= =‬ ‫א‪ ( t‬כ ‬ ‫[ ‪& %‬א‪w = :S‬‬ ‫‪F < P‬א ‪w "( A < */8F‬‬ ‫א ‬ ‫‪ h< <OF< KI‬א <[=‪ 9‬‬ ‫}<‪ h< <OF‬כ‪ j " NG :>" ANs 1f h1‬א‪ A98‬כ א ‪%! 91B‬‬. ‫


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(30) ‫‪148‬‬. ‫ א

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(35) אא ‪ 2‬א‪2005‬‬. ‫‪149‬‬. ‫‪/‬א"‪[" :" A‬א‪A"Ee‬‬ ‫‪Y" 8‬א "‪& K‬כ ‪" K‬א‪1‬א‪! H "t‬א‪V " :>" AW .‬‬ ‫א‪ SB P8/ %8X . H‬א‪1‬א‪!" N‬אכ*‪ "9‬א " א ‪*I‬א א‪$ o*T‬א!‪H‬א‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 6‬א‪:9*8‬‬ ‫ ‪" Z %! /X‬א‪ "9*8‬א > "[‪ g9‬א‪/‬א‪ ( N‬א ‪ K" A%‬כ ‪K‬‬‫‪w‬‬ ‫"‪Y" %! /X - A"K‬א ‪" Z‬א **‪A"R‬‬ ‫">" " " < ‪F‬‬ ‫‪ zOI‬א‪ X‬א‪F < " : **(9‬‬ ‫‪" -‬א ‪F" - A"%M: .‬א‪ A".<1‬כ א ‪ {! %*I P‬א‪/‬א‪ XI .(43)N‬א‬ ‫<‬ ‫א > ‪ %*/X‬א ‪ S/‬א > ‪$‬א[‪" )*+" %‬אא‪ "t‬אא‪/;" +‬א‪RB % [ 9*8& t‬‬ ‫ <‬ ‫א א‪ 3M > =w‬כ‪ L‬א‪9[ v<:‬אא א‪ 8‬א‪/=! t‬א‪t‬‬ ‫‪C :3M‬‬ ‫(‪< 8OU‬‬ ‫ כ‪< F < L‬‬ ‫< < < < ‪F < w < < V < < < w < V << < F F F‬‬ ‫ כ‪s ! "L‬כ !א`‪ X‬א‪ t‬א‪SB N H‬‬ ‫ כ‪[ 0*O A(44) L‬א‪8OU("» :.‬‬ ‫< < < < ‪F‬‬ ‫ < < ‪F‬‬ ‫!א‪" " A9T‬אא‪"t‬‬ ‫‪ EB‬א‪/‬א‪H!I Aje‬א‪e‬כ‪F < E! L‬‬ ‫ ‪ - A9‬כא* א‪ K‬א כ‪F w 8‬‬ ‫"‪.(45)«9 & < 8O‬‬ ‫‪ :>" A9*8‬‬ ‫כ‪F < L‬‬ ‫‪F < w‬‬ ‫<‬ ‫(‪B < 8OU‬א‪ +‬א ‪ S/‬א‪ /B 9*8‬א‪H‬א‪At‬‬ ‫("אא‪& % [ ( "t‬א‪< F < :S‬‬. ‫‪Z 3‬‬ ‫(‪98‬א א`‪8O‬א‪ *! K‬א ‪A(46)9‬‬ ‫‪LX:‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫">"‪C .‬‬ ‫! ‪F < " S/‬‬ ‫<‪ w‬‬ ‫"א‪ "9*8‬א > "‪ g 9*8& ( )*+" gG‬א א(‪ k‬א ‪/B‬א‪ g‬א‪/‬א‪(! N‬א‪NG‬‬ ‫‪HO‬א ‪E! E‬‬‫אא‪ t‬א‪ ( P*&9‬א ‪ K" AS/‬כ ‪ K‬א ‪! W‬א‬ ‫‪V‬‬ ‫)‪(48‬‬ ‫)‪(47‬‬ ‫(כ ‪ ZY .‬א‪P*&9‬‬ ‫(‪ 8‬אכ < < < < <‬ ‫\‪H‬כ < < ‪< w‬‬ ‫ ‪ A‬כ‪& % H‬א‪ :S‬א‪< < < < > =w‬‬. ‫ כ‪! "L‬א‪H\<" 3‬כ‪H\ :9H& SB "L‬כ‪L‬‬ ‫( א ‪< C= KFI= S/‬‬ ‫א‪< w < " 3‬‬ ‫"‪F .‬‬ ‫(‪ 8OU‬כ‪ AL‬א ‪ S/‬א > ‪ 9*8& %T8X‬א‪:% [ ( o*T‬‬ ‫»(‪ 8OU‬כ‪s ! L‬כ !א`‪ X‬א‪ t‬א‪ EB SB N H‬א‪/‬א‪P& sI.«je‬‬ ‫א`‪8O‬א‪ ! K‬א ‪! 9*8& ! 9‬א‪ y‬א|א‪@ K" 31[ A9‬א אא‪t‬‬ ‫‪ A9*8‬א ‪ S/‬א > ‪ & L‬כ‪ g9‬כ‪ P‬א‪/‬א‪.(49)N‬‬ ‫‪ 7‬א [*‪:h‬‬ ‫א ‪/ Y‬‬ ‫‪B‬אא א‪" W9O X‬א‪ QE‬א‪f‬א‪"N‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫ ‪" Z‬א [*‪9 "h‬א‪(G‬א ‪V‬‬ ‫


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(38) ‫‪150‬‬. ‫ א

(39) אא ‪ 2‬א‪2004‬‬. ‫‪ S/‬א|‪ *(9‬א‪R‬א‪ g A*X‬א א‪ X‬א " א ‪*I‬א א‪/‬א‪A E; ( N‬‬ ‫)‪:(50‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪h‬‬ ‫‪& K" 1‬כ ‪ "(" S/ ! K‬א|‪ A*(9‬כ‪& % H‬א‪ H< :S‬‬ ‫ ‪< .‬א <‪ Fw[< /<*F‬‬ ‫=<*=א& )‪.(51‬‬ ‫<‬ ‫‪& K" 2‬כ ‪ A"/B= " S/ ! K‬כ‪" : L H‬כ‪ < = %1‬‬ ‫@ ‪."x \ /B" :>" A"x‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪F F‬‬ ‫"[‪ L‬א‪= = N< <E‬‬ ‫‪& K" 3‬כ ‪ A"!" S/ ! K‬כ‪& % H‬א‪= = < :S‬‬ ‫ כ‬ ‫<‪F‬‬ ‫‪w‬‬ ‫א‪.(52)x= FT‬‬ ‫‪w‬‬ ‫} א‪ Z‬א‪/‬א‪ SB N‬א א‪ X‬א &‪/ Y‬א "א‪ "QE‬א‪f‬א‪ ! N‬א‪X‬‬ ‫א ‪91B 98‬א ‪/B‬א‬ ‫‪*$ P8O "!F<" "/B‬א[א&א (‪ K‬א‪H‬א‪t‬‬ ‫"(" " = ‪F‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪ ( )*+" %*B JX‬כא!‪9*8*&" %‬‬ ‫! ‪B Z‬א‪" Z AQ‬א [*‪ A"h‬כ א ‪C‬‬ ‫)‪(54‬‬ ‫א‪» :%/ .(53)"9*8‬א‪ Ah*[ QE‬כ‪ :% H‬כ‪s . « *H! Ei %1‬כ (‬ ‫&‪& % [ 9*8‬א‪= w = = HC= <(< :S‬‬ ‫& ‪( A(55) w‬א‪& % [ ( QE‬א‪:S‬‬ ‫ ‪w‬‬ ‫= = ‪= w‬‬ ‫& ‪9 w‬אא "‪ /*! ."/B"" "(" S/ ! :>" Ah*[ )*+‬א ‪9‬אא‬ ‫‪ S/ %*B .G AW ! H K9\n‬אכ‪E1H8 H( :>" AQE‬‬ ‫& ‪M‬א ‪*I‬א)‪.(56‬‬ ‫ א א@‪ WE‬א‪" S/ ( > /‬א‪/ "QE‬א [א‪( H( WE\ SB Le‬‬ ‫‪ 98‬א‪! t9H‬א‪A9‬‬ ‫&‪ 9*8‬א א‪8‬א!‪( AH‬א`!א * א‪T‬א(* א אכ* ‪C‬‬ ‫!א‪ P8& 9‬א‪ .(57)L/B N‬כ כא‪ K‬א‪* )*+" /B QE‬‬ ‫א [*‪ /*! Ah‬א ‪ 98‬א`א‪ */O !" Q‬א‪! t9H‬א*{‪- K" g/B PM ( A‬‬ ‫&כ ‪ K‬א‪ K: Ah*[ QE‬א‪ ( E‬א*{ ‪ M! /‬א א‪H‬א‪.(58)t‬‬ ‫א‪: B98‬‬ ‫‪< F 8‬‬ ‫א‪ "B<98‬א‪" X‬אא‪ "t‬אא‪s A)*+" /B +‬כ‪% H g9*8& ( g9‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫ ‪F‬‬ ‫


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(43) אא ‪ 2‬א‪2005‬‬. ‫‪151‬‬. ‫&א‪ :S‬א <"‪ = .RX‬א‪= 8‬‬ ‫א‪ t‬א‪< t‬‬ ‫ &=<א)‪[ sI.(59‬א‪» : .‬‬ ‫(‪*OU‬א =!=‪F %‬א‪< F < v<F<:‬‬ ‫! < ‪F‬‬ ‫< ‪<F < V < < w < < <F‬‬ ‫( א א‪$‬א&א‪*1& K‬א‪ AK‬א ‪9‬א‪1XI G‬א א‪ PHB v:‬א ‪A9‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫א‪! /‬א ‪.(60)«9‬‬ ‫א ‪98 %/ G M‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫"‪" Z K‬‬ ‫א‪J/‬‬ ‫( א ‪ -‬כ (*‪C %‬‬ ‫א‪ "B<98‬א > ";‪ ( )*+" %1‬א ‪C‬‬ ‫‪F C‬‬ ‫ ‪" Z‬א‪ "P*H‬א > ‪ g9H‬א‪/‬א‪' ( N‬א&‪ K" AL‬כ ‪K‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫א ‪"! W‬אא‪! E "t‬א ‪ %/ .(61) E! %*B W‬א ";‪ %1‬א!‬ ‫‪T‬א‪ %*M & ( Q‬א‪ g 3i > /‬א א כ ‪ A(62)N‬א *‪" g‬אא‪/ "t‬א‬ ‫ א‪/ - P*H‬א( א‪.B98‬‬. ‫(‪ B98‬א`‪1X‬א ‪OI‬א ‪YX‬א‪ N‬א‪! v:‬א`‪*O‬א‪BI t‬אא א*א‪AN‬‬ ‫ &‪ x YH‬א‪9‬כ‪ B98( A‬א א`‪*O‬א‪[ t‬א‪» :.‬אא‪t‬‬ ‫א ‪ 98‬א‪H‬א‪ %*B Z L At‬א‪/‬א‪P8O N‬‬ ‫‪9*1& .«B98‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫)‪(63‬‬ ‫א א‪ G‬א ‪/" *! NG M‬א ‪.‬‬ ‫כ‪: 3‬‬ ‫‪9‬א ‪ F Tw‬‬ ‫ כ‪AE‬‬ ‫א‪T‬כ‪" " "3‬א ‪ < F w‬‬ ‫‪T‬כ" ( א‪ :‬א‪1-‬א‪< < < :. H/( .l‬‬ ‫" ‪F w‬‬ ‫ כ‪ 3‬א‪V F < 9:‬‬ ‫א‪ :9:‬א‪.x1‬‬ ‫" כ‪3‬‬ ‫ כ‪ :VE‬כא‪< < F K‬‬ ‫< =<‬ ‫" כ‪< F A3‬‬ ‫ כ‪F < 3‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫( א‪ **H& :E-‬א‪:‬א‪! u‬א‪9‬כא‪( .‬כ‪q" %XU‬א‪ %/B .‬א` כא‪.‬‬ ‫א‪1-‬א‪Y" %! / Al‬א "א‪9‬כ")‪ .(64‬א‪9‬כ ‪ :‬א ‪ .‬א**‪9‬‬ ‫א‪HX-‬א‪ ( ..‬א‪9O :E-‬כ א ( ‪ kX‬א‪! W9‬אכ‪" N98‬‬ ‫א‪ " Y‬א‪Y" S 8& A‬א א‪9‬כ א‪.(65)N9*H‬‬ ‫(א‪T‬כ‪ 3‬א‪T‬כ א‪9‬כ א ‪9‬א‪ /B (G‬א * ‪&9[" A‬א‬ ‫א‪ /‬א א‪/+‬א ‪*B‬א‪ I - A‬כא‪L/B .‬‬ ‫'א&‪ L‬א &* א‪*(9‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪/& ( WE\ -‬א‪ g 5‬אכ א א‪ B ;Ei‬א ‪ Z‬א ‪9‬א‪9;" %! G‬‬ ‫א‪9‬כ‪.‬‬ ‫


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(63) אא‬. 156. .‫*א‬U& (‫א‬T ‫ &אא‬L&‫* א‬T A *91‫א‬ V V Ú]ç+]{ ,() * + ,-'32$8:1980, ,5 ,

(64) , −1. ,=>?@ ,-'19:< ,1983 , ,456/78 0123 49:;- ,30123 ./. ,658$2: 1983 , ,456/78 0123 49:;-1,A/B =9C A7D ,0123 ./ ,4H5RH9S TU 4UR-,2,O5?P Q + M:2 = AN ,F/7 / G2H@ F/I JKL ,456/\ 4/:( ,+:< ,O5?P 5K (X Y/Z:X [+ 4-A7- ,1980$WK1400 ,() *. 4Uà- b 2Rc ,O5?P+ , ,@ Â5_S '122:< ,WK1326 ,]- ,2 ,O5?P+ 9?D b fUKL- O5?P+ M:2 = AN ,30:< ,() * ,4 (e 11:Y:S( 4-/7`:d. 4-/o,`9o/- ,=(D 2 k/l mn ,4H9 iK+ 9?D jX 43/7- (a gh(7 ,,w2

(65) AN,4 /U@ /t2u 48Av () * 4rs ,35:< ,1989,^(K/7 ,pq. g(7 jX WK1g(7 =- 45y/z + ,- '386$1:1965 ,x ,453/` 4UR@. '1999,() * ,4 (e ,^ (7 } ~ 45 |3 ,1,x({@ 9S WK15. /-z =a WK86Y m5` /X = AU jX J9H L ,/z JKL@ jX 4U93− 2 4(7 A L WK93Y w Aw = (/o 2K W 5y/z 4 J9C WUKL@ L p:;@ b Û b /z JKL@ \3 '/U = AU = LB+ ,WK214H: g 3 '^(, /8 g(7 b /57(6+ .q u ,45( ^(* x2Ho b |`3 u ;(, . g(7. M:2 = AN 5\ h ,7:< ,9?` b fUKL- O5?P+ M:2 = AN 5\ :o (. ,1996 ,() * ,^ (7 ,} ~ 45 |3 , ,=`H /3 = ?R_- ,4A7 O5?P Q +. '19 :<. ,O5?P+ 5- /D b g2?`c B;@ gX '25:<,4A7 O5?P Q + M:2 = AN h − 3 Y/Z:X [+ 4-A7- ,F/I JKL :%$& '1818 4H9 6 2@ WK1236 4H: ( =- H6 AH /59 (a? ,290$1:() * 4rs ,153$2:mB\ : Z- ,x :< '103:< ,45y/z. '538$4 :4y/z + ,- :%$& ''WK 1237 4H: G5- g/ :g(Bh ./S. /s2Ha9 g25 5@ g25y/z . /- ,/5/C 4 (e 4HA@ 4a\@ /5C =- mC :'( ) − 4 95 =S mH g+ A7` W 48Av /H- 4A7 W Jà 0 b (/H =a ' LK /H-2 jX. "#$ !

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(68) 157. 2005‫ א‬2 ‫ א

(69) אא‬. 4)/S 4HA- /s+ /K( L ^/D ,4 (e 4HA- = ^/D / U` ,4 (e /5C+ =- /5C. '4 (e 4HA@ j ^ 2H mK 3/ =S mH g+ jX U` b J5{` LK o( AS '/t L ,O5?P Y/Z:X [+ 4-A7-,F/I JKL :mK /56 O5?P+ ^d Ùu+ m` o (@ . ,658$2:=>?@ ,-'19:< ,() * + ,-,290$1:() * 4rs ,x:<. ,45-/* / 2UR@ g 2,, 5* =( AU ,/ () * /D ,156$7 : '454$4 :1994 ,() *. ,-,156$7:

(70) ,386$1:() * 4rs,167$2:mB\ : Z-− 5 (a? ,454$4:/ () * /D '658$2:=>?@ ,- ,19:< ,() * + 45 |3 ,go gA ,O5?P+ M:2 = AN 5\ h .B =- 45y/z AH /59. '105 :< , ,^ (7 ,} ~. '663$2 :M` b `@ − 6. '664$2 :f9?3 A_@ − 7. ' 89 : < ,42{ 2l − 8. '8$1 :P 57¡,95` 9?D −9. '664$2 :M` b `@ − 10. '180 : < , /@ ¢(C b A H* ,664$2 :f9?3 A_@ − 11 '179 : < ,/@ ¢(C b A H* − 12. AU g8 A59 (-/ :57¡ ,R97 =A x/q , (7 g2H6 jX /qz M)/R − 13 '183$1 :1972,^(K/7 ,]-, ,K/q 2U_ Q. '90 :< ,42{ 2l − 14. '8$1:P 5K (X 57¡,9?` 95D − 15 '665$2:M` b `@ − 16. 4Uà- ,,m) (-/9 5K (X m-c A-:57¡,48$8:A+ = i5I , x/` − 17 'x,,.. ' :^/- ,/+ w? ,]5Z@ 2-/7 ,443$8:f9?3 A_@ − 18 g 2 (6 5Dh 3¤ X /H¤ :2 4¦ Hw G¥ - ./S :mK 4-/ 4£ ,88 :4£ =- ,p32 − 19 /H ,5U: § /H b ¦d 2-+ 2S A 6 § ^/ 5v q 2-+ p P ¤ = 2r5 ¤ ,/53A '5 ¤ 2H- ; L ( `C x "#$ !

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(73) 2004‫ א‬2 ‫ א

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(79) 159. 2005‫ א‬2 ‫ א

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(87) 161. 2005‫ א‬2 ‫ א

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