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Markov and semi-Markov switching linear mixed models used to identify forest tree growth components.

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Academic year: 2021

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Figure 1. Length of successive annual shoots along Corsican pine trunks: (a) 6-year-old trees, (b) 12-year-old trees, (c) 18-year-old trees, (d) 23-year-old trees.
Figure 2. Difference of observed data log-likelihood given random effects between succes- succes-sive iterations (Equation 10) for the estimated semi-Markov switching linear mixed model with individual state-specific random effects.
Figure 3. Estimated underlying semi-Markov chain. Each state is represented by a vertex which is numbered
Figure 4. Fixed part of the three observation linear mixed models (i.e. β j1 + β j2 X t for each state j; ◦ : state 1, ∗ : state 2, △ : state 3) represented by point lines and observed annual shoot lengths (points): (a) 18-year-old trees, (b) 23-year-old t

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