Static vs dynamic in vitro digestions of an innovative Citrus concentrate: Bioaccessibility of its phytomicronutrients

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Static vs dynamic in vitro digestions of an innovative Citrus concentrate: Bioaccessibility of its

phytomicronutrients

L. Gence, Pascale Goupy, Christian Ginies, Claire Dufour, Claudie Dhuique-Mayer

To cite this version:

L. Gence, Pascale Goupy, Christian Ginies, Claire Dufour, Claudie Dhuique-Mayer. Static vs dynamic in vitro digestions of an innovative Citrus concentrate: Bioaccessibility of its phytomicronutrients. 5th International Conference on Food Digestion, Apr 2017, Rennes, France. 2017. �hal-01603369�

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0 10 20 30 40 30 60 90 120 Ca ro te no id bi oa cc es si bi lit y (% ) Time (min) βcx βc * # C o n ce p ti o n : C ira d , Martine Duportal,, Ma rch 2 0 1 7 - © p h o to s: J. -C . L o re n te

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The innovative citrus concentrate was obtained by cross-flow

microfiltration. The in vitro static model used (Figure 1A) has been

validated against human studies and considered as a reliable model for

carotenoid behavior [1]. The dynamic gastrointestinal model DIDGI®

used (Figure 1B) was controlled by the STORM software. Pro-vitamin

A carotenoids (β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene) and flavanones

glycosides (hesperidin, narirutin) were analyzed by HPLC-DAD.

Figure 1. Diagram of the sta2c (1A) and dynamic (1B) in vitro diges2on

processes used for clemen2ne concentrate

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Overall, these results indicated that approximately 5 – 7 mg/L of pro-vitamin A carotenoids

were bioaccessible and 85 mg/L of soluble hesperidin after both in vitro digestion models, suggesting interesting contents for intestinal or colon absorption. The dynamic digestion

confirmed the efficiency of the static model which estimates bioaccessibility and solubility in a faster, simpler and less expensive manner. On the other hand, the dynamic digestion model can be used to study kinetics of food digestion and reactivity allowing to uncover associated mechanisms (matrix effect or oxidative degradation).

* Corresponding author e-mail: claudie.dhuique-mayer@cirad.fr

Citrus juices and fruits, highly consumed worldwide, represent a significant dietary source

of pro-vitamin A carotenoids and flavonoids which could contribute to the beneficial health

eﬀects of Citrus products. The aim of the present work was to assess the bioaccessibility

of the main carotenoids and flavanones of a new Citrus clementina concentrate specially

enriched in β-cryptoxanthin and hesperidin. Dynamic vs Static in vitro digestion systems

were used to compare carotenoid micellarization and flavanone solubility.

Static vs dynamic in vitro digestions of an innovative

Citrus concentrate: Bioaccessibility of its phytomicronutrients

L. GENCE1, P. GOUPY2, C. GINIES2, C. DUFOUR2 AND C. DHUIQUE-MAYER1*

Gastric phase Stirring, 37°C, 10 min à pH 4 Pepsin (3 mg/mL) Stirring, 37°C, 30 min Duodenal phase à _pH 6 Pancreatin (0.35 mg/mL) + Bile salts (13 mM) & enzyme Stirring, 37°C, 30 min

1A

Micellar fraction (absorbable form by intestinal cells) Centrifugation Filtration (0.2 µm) Duodenal phase Gastric emptying Duodenal drain HCl Pepsin (0.1 mg/mL) Pancreatin (0.35 mg/mL) Bile salts (17 mM) Na₂CO₃ Gastric compartment pH 5 à 2 Duodenal compartment pH 6.5

1B

37°C Stirring Time: 120 min

C

onclusion

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Carotenoid micellarization was slightly higher in the dynamic in vitro digestion

compared to the static one (Table I). This can be accounted by varying bile contents

which are higher until 38 min and then lower than in the static model. In both

digestion systems, β-cryptoxanthin bioaccessibility tended to be greater (15 to 21%)

than that of β-carotene (12 to 17%) due to molecule polarity and in agreement with

literature [2].

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Finally, the dynamic system led to bioaccessibility kinetics which showed an

optimal carotenoid micellarization at 90 min of digestion (Figure 2).

Results

Figure 3. Duodenal ﬂavanone glycoside contents during dynamic in vitro diges2on of the concentrate 0 5 10 15 20 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 30 60 90 120 Na rir ut in (m g/ L) H es pe ri di n (mg /L ) Time (min) Total contents Soluble contents

[1] ETCHEVERRY, P., GRUSAK, M. A., &

FLEIGE, L. E. (2012). Application of

in

v i t r o b i o a c c e s s i b i l i

t y a n d bioavailability methods for

calcium, carotenoids, folate, iron, magnesium,

polyphenols, zinc, and vitamins

B(6), B(12), D, and E. Front Physiol, 3, 317.

[2] DHUIQUE-MAYER, C., BOREL

, P., REBOUL, E., CAPORICCIO, B., B

ESANCON,

P., & AMIOT, M. J. (2007). Beta-cryptoxanthin from citrus

juices: assessment of bioaccessibility

using an in vitro digestion/Cac

o-2 cell culture model. Br J Nutr,

97(5), 883-890.

References

1_{CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, TA B-95/16, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France}

2_{INRA, Université d’Avignon, UMR SQPOV, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France}

Data are mean and SD, n = 3. For each carotenoid, * or # indicate that values are

signiﬁcantly diﬀerent from t30 value (p < 0.05) Figure 2. Kine2c bioaccessibility of carotenoids during dynamic in vitro diges2on of the concentrate In vitro digestion model Carotenoid

bioaccessibility (%) Flavanone glycosidesolubility (%)

β-cryptoxanthin β-carotene Hesperidin Narirutin

Static Mean 14.9 12.3 2.9 16.1* SD 0.8 2.3 0.1 0.1 Dynamic Mean 21.1‡ 17.3*‡ 2.8 16.7* SD 2.8 2.4 0.2 0.3 Table I. Bioaccessibility of pro-vitamin A carotenoids and solubility of flavanone glycosides from Clemen?ne concentrate Data are mean and SD, n = 3. ‡ indicates significant difference between digesEon models and * indicates that values in the same case are significantly different (p < 0.05)

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Additionally, hesperidin in the duodenal aqueous phase appeared very low

(3%) in both models as limited by solubility while that of narirutin reached 16% (Table I). Total flavanone glycoside contents decreased around 35% during

duodenal dynamic digestion as did their soluble contents (Figure 3).