Issued by the Associate Committee on the National Building Code National Research Council of Canada Ottawa Price $19.00

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(2) NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA 1985. REFr~:~ ->~CE M/\TExit\L. '. 1--D-o-C~j'~~T--:~::~:;O-'-;-E--\ l. _ _ _- - - - -. - - - - - - - - -...... ...--_.-+. Second Printing Includes first and second errata. Issued by the Associate Committee on the National Building Code National Research Council of Canada Ottawa Price $19.00. NRCC No. 23174.

(3) © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour to. IMPORTANT NOTICE The National Building Code of Canada 19X5 is subJect to periodic review, which may result in amendments being published from time to time. If you wish to be notified of such changes or if you wish to he placed on the mailing list to receive the NBC/NFl' News, please complete the reverse side, detach alld return.. NBC/NFC News contains explanatory articles and comments 011 the contents of the National Building Code and the National Fire (\l(k together with announcements of Code DETACH HERE. :- --. I. -1. Fix. : stamp here L. The Secretary Associate Committee on the National Building: Code National Research Council Ottawa. Ontario KIA OR6. I.

(4) l. Please 1985. my name on the mailing list for future revisions of the National Building Code of Canada for NBC/NFC News.. Name. Apt. No.. Street. City. (Please print or type your name and address). Provo. Postal Code.

(5) \. I I. ! \. I \. I. NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA 1985. \ \ HEFEf1ENCE MATERIAL /" :"~ OES SECTION. \. \. I \. Issued by the Associate Committee on the National Building Code National Research Council of Canada Ottawa NRCC No. 23174.

(6) I. First Edition 1941 Second Edition 1953 Third Edition 1960 Fourth Edition 1965 Fifth Edition 1970 Sixth Edition 1975 Seventh Edition 1977 Eighth Edition 1980 Ninth Edition 1985 ISSN 0700-1207. © National Research Council of Canada 1985 World Rights Reserved Printed in Canada. Second Printing Includes errata of October 1985 and January 1986.

(7) T ABLE OF CONTENTS Page Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . vii Committee Members ..............••........•........• xi Relationship between the National Building Code and the National Fire Code ...•.........•.............•.. xv A Guide to the Use of the Code ........................ xvii Part 1 Scope and Definitions ....................... 1 Part 2 General Requirements ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Part 3 Use and Occupancy .•.......•............... 33 Part 4 Structural Design •.....•..............•..... 151 Part 5 Wind, Water and Vapour Protection .......... 181 Part 6 Heating, Ventilating and Air.Conditioning .•... 187 Part 7 Plumbing Services .•...•...............•.... 203 Part 8 Safety Measures at Construction and Demolition Sites ........................... 207 Part 9 Housing and Small Buildings. .. .. . .. .. . . . .. . . 217 Appendix A Explanatory Material .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 Index .............................•.........•...•... 433 Metric Conversion Table ..•............••....... Back Cover. v.

(8) PREFACE The National Building Code of Canada is published by the National Research Council through its Associate Committee on the National Building Code. It comprises a set of model technical requirements with respect to public safety in buildings and is written in a form suitable for adoption by appropriate legislative authorities in Canada. The Code has received wide use in Canada either as municipal bylaws or, more recently, as the basis for provincial building codes. Liaison with the provincial code authorities has been maintained through the Provincial Advisory Committee on the National Building Code, which was established by these authorities for that purpose.. Committees. The Code has been developed and is continuing to be developed through the voluntary assi stance of many experts from coast to coast. The members of the Associate Committee are appointed by the National Research Council. They serve as individuals and not as representatives of any organization and are broadly representative of all major phases of building in Canada. The Committee has direct responsibility under the National Research Council for the preparation and publication of the Code. The Associate Committee is assisted in the technical aspects of code writing by standing committees, each of which is responsible for specific portions of the Code or its associated documents. The members of each standing committee are knowledgeable in the particular field for which that committee is responsible. Building and fire officials, architects, engineers, contractors and others share their experience in the national interest. These committees and their memberships are listed in the following pages. The Associate Committee wishes to acknowledge the assistance provided by the many individuals who have contributed to the production of this edition of the Code and to express its appreciation to the standards writing organizations whose standards are referenced throughout the Code documents.. DBR Staff. The staff of the Division of Building Research of the National Research Council provides technical and secretarial support at the direction of the Associate Committee. The technical problems revealed through the use of the Code are referred to the Division of Building Research for study, to make available to the Associate Committee the most up-to-date information on building technology.. Changes from the 1980 Edition. A number of significant changes have been made with respect to the 1980 edition. A list of all standards referenced in the Code has been included in Part 2 to facilitate updating. The dates of these standards are included only in Part 2, not in the other Parts of the Code. When a referenced standard is to be updated, Code users will thus be concerned only with the appropriate changes to Part 2 and not with the rest of the Code. In Part 3, a number of changes have been introduced which, for the most part, are intended to permit more flexible and cost effective designs. Supervised automatic sprinkler protection has been acknowledged as a reliable tool for the control of fire in buildings and, hence, as an acceptable means of fulfilling life safety objectives. For example, such suppression systems may be used as an alternative to rated roof assemblies, as a means to permit the interconnection of the first 2 levels of a building and as a basis for allowing larger fire compartments in hospitals and nursing homes.. vii.

(9) To enhance the safe and efficient application of the Code, many sets of related requirements were rearranged and consolidated under separate subsections. Other sets of requirements were completely reviewed to ensure their harmony with the provisions of referenced documents and to reflect the state of the art These major reviews led to the rewriting of entire Subsections. including those requirements for fire stopping in concealed spaces, flame-spread rating of interior finishes. safety within floor areas of institutional occupancies and fire alarm and detection systems. Another notable change from the 1980 Code is the deletion of all requirements related specifically to covered malls. Such malls will now be regulated on the same basis as public corridors. Requirements for barrier free access, previously contained in a separate document, Building Standards for the Handicapped, have been relocated in S;:;ction 3.7. In addition, provision has been made in Part 3 to provide protection for the disabled in the event of an emergency. In the new seismic risk calculations in Subsection 4.1. 9. of the Code. the velocity zoning has been taken as the governing parameter, since it affects a broad range of engineered structures. The acceleration zoning is then referenced to the velocity zoning through the seismic response factor. In Chapter 4 of the Supplement to the National Building Code, new probabilistic seismic ground motion maps of Canada, displaying both peak horizontal acceleration and peak horizontal velocity, have been derived to replace the 1970 seismic zoning map previously referenced. Part 6 of the Code no longer contains detailed requirements regarding the design and installation of solid-fuel burning appliances. This material has been deleted because it duplicates a newly referenced CSA standard, or Part 9 in the case of stoves, ranges and space heaters. All requirements formerly in Part 9 relating to the design and installation of central heating systems now come under the jurisdiction of Part 6. The Subsection containing requirements for chimney construction has been rewritten to eliminate duplication between Part 6 and Part 9 and between Part 6 and various referenced installation standards. Part 8 of the Code has been expanded to include requirements for fire safety on construction and demolition sites. These requirements are intended to be applied concurrently with those in the National Fire Code for fire safety plans for such sites. Part 9 has undergone a significant reorganization whereby most requirements regarding structural design have been replaced with a reference to Part 4, and all requirements relating to design and installation of central heating systems have been transferred to Part 6. In response to concerns that Part 9 had become overly complicated and less easily understood by the Code user, an effort was made to eliminate many of the requirements duplicated in Part 3 relating to fire safety and egress and which were infrequently applicable to small buildings. Part 9 continues to cover the subject areas necessary for the regulation of the vast majority of buildings within its scope, but refers the user to Part 3 for exceptions. Therefore, detailed requirements for such items as chutes and shafts, firewalls, sliding and revolving doors, noncombustible construction, hold-open devices, occupant loads and interconnected floor spaces are no longer contained in Part 9. Significant technical revisions to Part 9 include a requirement for mechanical ventilation systems in all dwelling units, refinement of glazing requirements for doors and windows, updating of installation requirements for solid-fuel burning. viii.

(10) space heaters and inclusion of provisions for barrier-free access in certain buildings. Appendix A has been expanded significantly with additional explanatory material to assist users of the Code in understanding the technical requirements.. Metric Conversion. Except for pipe sizes, all values in the Code are given in metric units. The establishment of common metric pipe sizes has not as yet been attained by all segments of the pipe manufacturing industry. Until the industry reaches such agreement, it is considered appropriate to continue to identify pipe sizes in inches. Imperial Equivalents.· The list of imperial equivalents that was included in the 1980 edition of the Code has been replaced with a conversion table for the most common units used in building design and construction. This table is located inside the back cover. Administration. With respect to the administration of the Code, it should be noted that the separate document entitled Administrative Requirements for Use with the National Building Code of Canada 1985 is automatically adopted under Subsection I .1.1. of the Code when the adopting authority has not provided other administrative requirements. Change Indication. Where a change or addition to the 1980 edition has been made, the requirements affected are indicated by a vertical line in the margin. Coordination with NFC. An important feature of this Code is its close coordination with its companion document the National Fire Code, which is prepared under the direction of the Associate Committee on the National Fire Code. To avoid duplication of requirements in the 2 Codes, the National Building Code makes reference to appropriate requirements in the National Fire Code and vice versa. Both Associate Committees have agreed that the 2 Codes should not only be developed as complementary documents, but should also be administered as such, with both building and fire officials being involved in their enforcement. The relationship statement following this Preface takes on a special significance in light of the strong, continuing interest being shown by provincial governments in these documents as the basis for uniform standards for building safety.. Public Comment and Inquiries. Comments and inquiries on the use of this Code and suggestions for its improvement are welcomed and should be submitted to: The Secretary, The Associate Committee on the National Building Code, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OR6. As Code revisions are developed by the committees, they will be made available for public review prior to the next edition of the Code being published.. Ce document est egalement public en fran<rais..

(11) THE ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA, ITS ST ANDING COMMITTEES AND OTHER SPECIAL CODE COMMITTEES ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 1. Longworth (Chairman) A.G. Wilson (Chairman)(I) R.A. Hewett (Executive Officer) H. D. Adam (ex officio) R. W. Anderson B.A. Bonser(l) R.L. Booth K.W.l. Butler D.E. Cornisb S. Cumming R.F. DeGrace M.G. Dixon B. Garceau L. Goulard 1.S. Hicks G.A. Hope(l) R.M. Horrocks 1.C. Hurlburt A. Koebli W.D. MacKay. E.I. Mackie W.M. McCance (I) L.L. Merrifield D.O. Monsen 1.R. Myles F.-X. Perreault W.A. Proudfoot(4) P.l.H. Sbeasby (ex officio) G.W. Shorter M. Stein R.T. Tamblyn(1) D.L. Tarlton A.D. Thompson A. M. Thorimbert (ex officio) 1.E. Turnbull R.H. Dunn(3) A. T. Hansen(3) R.A. Kearney(2) 1.K. Ricbardson(2). (i'ferm completed during preparation of the 1985 Code. (2)OBR staff who provided assistance to the Committee. (3)OBR staff whose involvement with the Committee ended during the preparation of the 1985 Code. (4)Oeceased.. xi.

(12) STANDING COMMITTEE ON USE AND OCCUPANCY F.-x. Perreault (Chairman) AJ.M. Aikman K.O. Bartlett P. Beauchamp A. Birkhans(l) 0.1. Boehmer L.H. Brown(l) R.C. Burnett(l) F. G. Clarke( I) I. Coop P. Drolet(1) T.l. Dunfield H. Fealdman( I ) D.H. Featherstonhaugh C.T. Fillingham S.G. Frost E.H. Geres P.F. Higginson E.S. Hornby(l) M.A. Kabayama H.A. Locke(l) G.P. Lockhart W. MacLean(l). R.L. Maki 1. W. Marshall P. Masson R.R. Philippe G.B. Pope O ) 1. -L. Poulin B.R. de Pourbaix F.M. Ryan H. W. Stainsby(4) 1.0. Stone(!) H.I. Stricker(l) D.B. Uniat G.C. Waddell 1. F. Berndt(2) M. Galbreath(2) G.c. Gosselin(2) A.T. Hansen(3) R.H.L. McEwen(3) H.W. Nichol(2) 1.K. Summers(3) P.B. Williams(3). STANDING COMMITTEE ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN R.L. Booth (Chairman) L.D. Baikie W. G. Campbell 1.1. Clark(l) A.G. Davenport T. Eldridge (ex officio) Y.c. Fenton (ex officio) M.1. Gilmor L. Hudon(l) A.P. lessome(l) 0.1. Kathol(1) DJ.L. Kennedy (ex officio) W.E. Lardner 1.G. MacGregor (ex officio) B. Manasc. C. Marsh (ex officio) A.M. McCrea W. Phillips(!) W.G. Plewes R.F. Riffell R. Schuster (ex officio) G.W. Simonson R.Y. Switzer S.M. Uzumeri (ex officio) G.L. Walt D.E. Allen(2) R.H. Dunn(3) D.A. Lutes(2) W.R. Schriever()). (I'Term completed during the preparation of the 1985 Code. (2'DBR staff who provided assistance to the Committee. (3)DBR staff whose involvement with the Committee ended during the preparation of the 1985 Code. (4)Deceased.. xii.

(13) STANDING COMMITTEE ON HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING L.L. Merrifield (Chairman) G.F. Anderson 0.0. Beck H.M. Chorney S.K. Cryer B.A. Faurschou P.R. French G. Harvey J.W. Ingram(l) D.W. Johnson R.A. Kearney(l) J.O. Klein. D.B. Leaney L.H. MacLeod H. Meindhart( 1) J.W. Powers R.J. Scally T. Tyne F. Vaculik R.J. Desserud(2) A.T. Hansen(3) F.W. Steel(3) J.K. Summers(2). ST ANDING COMMITTEE ON PLUMBING SERVICES A.D. Thompson (Chairman) E. Belanger D.P. Carritt R.J. Clegg G.L. Cluett J. Cooney H.S. Darragh(l) H.C. Gillis R.J. Hunt(l) A.A. Knapp D.S. McDonald. G.Okabe R. Scott P.G. Spenst A.C. Spurrell L.F. Stanbrook J.E. Stott A. J. Thomson D. Walker J.D. Whiteley D.A. Lutes(::!). STANDING COMMITTEE ON HOUSING AND SMALL BUILDINGS A. Koehli (Chairman) R.W. Baker(l) G.N. Bilous(l) R. Desjardins( I) R. J. Desserud(l) N.A. Douglas R.A. Etherington J .E. Gillespie T.A. Hale D. Hammond A. W. Kempthorne D. E. Kennedy E.!. Lexier A. W. McIntyre L. S. Morrison B. Nantel H.M.J. Nijssen(IJ. L.J. O'Riley J .-P. Perreault< I) W. Purchase J. Rocheleau( I ) B.E. Roth P. L. Southwell R.T. Sumi(1) A.L. Treppel D.C. Verge G.L. Walt J. S. Yamashita R.J. Desserud(2) A.T. Hansen(2) L.P. Saint-Martin!2 1 D.L. ScottO) J.K. Summers(3). (I)Committee tenn completed during preparation of the 1985 Code. (2DBR staff who provided assistance to the Committee. (3DBR staff whose involvement with the Committee ended during the preparation of the 1985 Code.. xiii.

(14) STANDING COMMITTEE ON BARRIER FREE DESIGN M.G. Dixon (Chairman) E.E. Bail~y D.M. Beavis M.T. Blue(!) H.E. Carr J.R. Champagne(l) P. Cluff D.E. Curren G.L. Deson R. Diab R.A. Elton P. Falta M.B Fisher L.A. Gauthier. R. Keith G. F. Maguire J .M. Phillips L. Pringle S. P. Safford W. Schmid M. Vasey G.H. Wakeham(l) J.R. Champagne(2) A.T. Hansen(2) L.P. Saint-Martin(3) D.L. Scott() J .K. Summers(2). STANDING COMMITTEE ON FIRE PERFORMANCE RATINGS G.W. Shorter (Chairman) B. Alexander J.R. Bateman A. Birkhans(\) J.E. Breeze J.F. Cutler S.G. Frost(1) J .E. Gillespie D.B. Grant H. Jabbour M.A. Kabayama S.A. Marks W. M. Maudsley R J. McGrath P. Mercier-Gouin. N.S. Pearce J. Rocheleau P. Sandori J.U. Tessier C. R. Thomson D.B. Uniat(l) E.Y. Uzumeri L.W. Vaughan MJ. Williams(1) M. Galbreath(2) G.C. Gosselin(2) J.K. Richardson(3) J.J. Shaver(2). JOINT NBC/NFC FRENCH TERMINOLOGY COMMITTEE F.-X. Perreault (Chairman) M. Gerard Bessens (ex officio) G. Harvey (Secretary) S. Lariviere H.C. Nguyen. J .-P. Perreault Y.E. Forgues() L.P. Saint-Martin(2). (I)Committee tenn completed during preparation of the 1985 Code. (2)DBR staff who provided assistance to the Committee. (3)DBR staff whose involvement with the Committee ended during the preparation of the 1985 Code.. xiv.

(15) RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE AND THE NATIONAL FIRE CODE When using the National Building Code it is important to appreciate both the special relationship which exists between it and the National Fire Code with respect to fire safety and the need to consider the contents of both Codes in building design, construction and maintenance. The role of each Code with respect to fire safety can be summarized as follows:. National Building Code (NBC) -. establishes a satisfactory standard of fire safety for the construction of new buildings, the reconstruction of buildings, including extensions or alterations, buildings involving a change of occupancy and upgrading of buildings to remove an unacceptable fire hazard. *. National Fire Code (NFC) - establishes a satisfactory standard for fire preven-. tion, fire fighting and life safety in buildings in use, * including standards for the conduct of activities causing fire hazards, maintenance of fire safety equipment and egress facilities, standards for portable extinguishers, limitations on building contents and the establishment of fire safety plans, including the organization of supervisory staff for emergency purposes. In addition, the NFC establishes the standard for prevention, containment and supression of fires originating outside buildings which may present a hazard to a community and sets standards for the storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids.. The 2 Codes have been developed as complementary and coordinated documents in order to reduce to a minimum the possibility of conflict in their respective contents. To aid in their effective application, it is important that fire and building officials be fully conversant with the fire safety standards of both Codes. Such officials should be involved both in the review and the approval of plans with respect to fire safety prior to granting a building permit and with the inspection of buildings for fire safety purposes. This is the only way to determine if all known hazards have been considered and if a satisfactory standard of fire safety has been achieved.. *The extent of application of the NBC and the NFC to the upgrading of buildings to remove an unacceptable fire hazard should be based on the judgment of the authority having jurisdiction, who must deal with each case on its merits.. xv.

(16) .. A GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE CODE The National Building Code of Canada is essentially a set of minimum provisions respecting the safety of buildings with reference to public health, fire protection and structural sufficiency. It is not intended to be a textbook on building design, advice on which should be sought from professional sources. Its primary purpose is the promotion of public safety through the application of appropriate uniform building standards throughout Canada. The Code is drafted in such a way that it may be adopted or enacted for legal use by any jurisdictional authority in Canada. It is divided into 9 Parts. A decimal numbering system has been used throughout the Code. The first number indicates the Part of the Code, the second, the Section in the Part, the third, the Subsection and the fourth, the Article in the Subsection. An Article may be further broken down into sentences (indicated by numbers in brackets), and the sentence further divided into clauses and subclauses. They are illustrated as follows:. 3 3.5 3.5.1. 3.5.1.6. 3.5.1.6.(1) 3.5.1.6.(l)(e) 3.5.1.6.(l)(e)(i). Part Section Subsection Article Sentence Clause Subclause. A summary of the contents of the Code follows:. Part 1:. Scope and Definitions. Part 1 contains the definitions of all words throughout the Code that appear in italic type. This Part also contains a list of abbreviations used in the Code.. Part 2:. General. Part 2 contains provisions of an administrative nature such as the use of referenced documents, climatic data, plans and specifications, provision for equivalent materials, systems, equipment, procedures and the construction review process.. Part 3:. Use and Occupancy. This Part contains the requirements with respect to health and fire safety, which depend upon the use to which a building is put and its type of occupancy. The first Section contains material relating to occupancy classification and the more general features of fire protection. Sections that follow contain specific requirements relating to building size and occupancy and fire safety within floor areas, exit requirements, requirements for service spaces and health requirements. Section 3.7 contains specific requirements for those buildings required to be accessible to persons with physical or sensory disabilities.. Part 4:. Structural Design. This Part is made up of 3 Sections. The first deals with the loads to be used in design calculations and the methods of design to be followed. Section 4.2 regulates foundation design and construction. Section 4.3 deals with design in wood, masonry, concrete, steel and aluminum and the structural desi~p of. xvii.

(17) air-supported structures. Section 4.3 contains only short performance requirements referring to the design methods outlined in detail in the relevant CSA standards.. Part 5:. Wind, Water and Vapour Protection. This Part includes requirements for the design of building elements to control groundwater, condensation and the penetration of wind and rain.. Part 6:. Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning. Part 6 is concerned with the safe functioning of heating, ventilating and air-conditioning equipment installed in a building. The requirements deal mainly with installation.. Part 7:. Plumbing. This Part contains only the basic legal statements with reference to Scope, Application and Administration. All detailed technical requirements are contained in the Canadian Plumbing Code which is published separately. This latter Code contains requirements for the size and quality of fixtures and related pipes and fittings for plumbing systems and, in its Appendix, has explanatory sketches and notes to further clarify these requirements.. Part 8:. Safety Measures at Construction and Demolition Sites. Part 8 regulates the precautions that must be taken for fire safety and to protect the public at construction and demolition sites.. Part 9:. Housing and Small Buildings. This Part provides detailed requirements for the construction of houses and small buildings up to 600 m 2 per floor and 3 storeys in height, and applies to all occupancies except assembly, institutional and high hazard industrial.. Appendix A:. Explanatory Information. Appendix A contains additional explanatory information to assist Code users in understanding the intent of the requirements contained in Parts 1 to 9. It is not intended to be a mandatory section of the Code.. xviii.

(18) PART 1. SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS. TABLE OF CONTENTS. SECTION 1.1. ADMINISTRATION ........ . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3. SECTION 1.2. SCOPE................................ 3. SECTION 1.3. DEFINITIONS OF WORDS AND PHRASES. 3. SECTION 1.4. ABBREVIA TIONS .......•.............. 11.

(19) PART 1 SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS SECTION 1.1. ADMINISTRATION. SUBSECTION 1.1.1. This Code shall be administered in conformance with the appropriate provincial or municipal regulations or. in the absence of such regulations, in conformance with the ACNBC Administrative Requirements for Use with the National Building Code 1985.. SECTION 1.2 SCOPE SUBSECTION 1.2.1. This Code applies to the design, construction and occupancy of new buildings, and the alteration, reconstruction, demolition, removal. relocation and occupancy of existing buildings. (See Appendix A.). SECTION 1.3 DEFINITIONS OF WORDS AND PHRASES SUBSECTION 1.3.1. Definitions of words and phrases used in this Code that are not included in the list of definitions in this Part shall have the meanings which are commonly assigned to them in the context in which they are used in this Code, taking into account the specialized use of terms with the various trades and professions to which the terminology applies. SUBSECTION 1.3.2. The words and terms in italics in this Code have the following meanings: Access to exit means that part of a means of egress within a floor area that provides access to an exit serving the floor area. AdJreezing means the adhesion of soil to afoundation unit resulting from the freezing of soil water. (Also referred to as "frost grip. ") Air-supported structure means a structure consisting of a pliable membrane which achieves and maintains its shape and support by internal air pressure. Alarm signal means an audible signal transmitted throughout a zone or zones or throughout a building to advise occupants that a fire emergency exists. Alert signal means an audible signal to advise designated persons of a fire emergency. Allowable bearing pressure (as applying to foundations) means the maximum pressure that may be safely applied to a soil or rock by the foundation unit considered in design under expected loading and subsurface conditions. Allowable load (as applying to foundations) means the maximum load that may be safely applied to afoundation unit considered in design under expected loading and subsurface conditions. Alteration means a change or extension to any matter or thing or to any occupancy regulated by this Code. Appliance means a device to convert fuel into energy and includes all components, controls, wiring and piping required to be part of the device by the applicable standard referred to in this Code. Artesian groundwater means a confined body of water under pressure in the ground.. 3.

(20) 1.3.2. Assembly occupancy means the occupancy or the use of a building, or part thereof, by a gathering of persons for civic, political, travel, religious, social, educational, recreational or like purposes, or for the consumption of food or drink. Attic or roof space means the space between the roof and the ceiling of the top storey or between a dwarf wall and a sloping roof. Authority having jurisdiction means the governmental body responsible for the enforcement of any part of this Code or the official or agency designated by that body to exercise such a function. Bachelor dwelling unit means a dwelling unit for I or 2 adults with or without 1 bedroom. Barrierjree access means a path of travel designed for use by persons with physical or sensory disabilities, including those using wheelchairs, and incorporating ramps, elevators or other lifting devices where there is a difference in elevation between floor levels along the path of travel. Basement means a storey or storeys of a building located below the first storey. Bearing surface means the contact surface between afoundation unit and the soil or rock upon which it bears. Boiler means an appliance intended to supply hot water or steam for space heating, processing or power purposes. Breeching means aflue pipe or chamber for receiving flue gases from I or more flue connections and for discharging these gases through a single flue connection. Building means any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy. Building area means the greatest horizontal area of a building above grade within the outsi~e surface of exterior walls or within the outside surface of exterior walls and the centre line of fire walls. Building height (in storeys) means the number of storeys contained between the roof and the floor of the first storey. Business and personal services occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part thereof for the transaction of business or the rendering or receiving of professional or personal services. Caisson (see Pile). Chimney means a primarily vertical shaft enclosing at least 1 flue for conducting flue gases to the outdoors. Chimney liner means a conduit containing a chimney flue used as a lining of a masonry or concrete chimney. Closure means a device or assembly for closing an opening through a fire separation, such as a door, a shutter, wired glass or glass block, and includes all components such as hardware, closing devices, frames and anchors. Combustible means that a material fails to meet the acceptance criteria of CAN4-S 114, "Standard Method of Test for Determination of NonCombustibility in Building Materials." Combustible construction means that type of construction that does not meet the requirements for noncombustible construction. Constructor means a person who contracts with an owner or his authorized agent to undertake a project, and includes an owner who contracts with more than 1 person for the work on a project or undertakes the work on a project or any part thereof.. 4. I.

(21) 1.3.2. Dead load means the weight of all permanent structural and nonstructural components of a building. Deep foundation means afoundation unit that provides support for a building by transferring loads either by end-bearing to a soil or rock at considerable depth below the building, or by adhesion or friction, or both. in the soil or rock in which it is placed. Piles are the most common type of deep foundation. Design bearing pressure (as applying to foundations) means the pressure applied by a foundation unit to a soil or rock and which is not greater than the allowable bearing pressure. Designer means the person responsible for the design. Design load (as applying to foundations) means the load applied to afoundation unit and which is not greater than the allowable load. Dwelling unit means a suite operated as a housekeeping unit. used or intended to be used as a domicile by I or more persons and usually containing cooking, eating, living, sleeping and sanitary facilities. Excavation means the space created by the removal of soil. rock or fill for the purposes of construction. Exhaust duct means a duct through which air is conveyed from a room or space to the outdoors. Exit means that part of a means of egress that leads from thefloorarea it serves, including any doorway leading directly from afloor area. to an open public thoroughfare or to an exterior open space protected from fire exposure from the building and having access to an open public thoroughfare. Exit level (as applying to Subsection 3.2.6.) means the level of an enclosed exit stair at which an exterior exit door or exit corridor leads to the exterior. Exit storey (as applying to Subsection 3.2.6.) means a storey having an exterior exit door. Exposing building face means that part of the exterior wall of a building which faces one direction and is located between ground level and the ceiling of its top storey, or where a building is divided into fire compartments, the exterior wall of afire compartment which faces one direction. Exterior cladding means those components of a building which are exposed to the outdoor environment and are intended to provide protection against wind, water or vapour. Factory-built chimney means a chimney consisting entirely of factory-made parts, each designed to be assembled with the other without requiring fabrication on site. Farm building means a building which does not contain a residential occupancy and which is (a) associated with and located on land devoted to the practice of farming and (b) used essentially for the housing of equipment or livestock, or the production, storage or processing of agricultural and horticultural produce or feeds and includes barns, produce storage buildings, milking centres, piggeries, poultry houses, grain bins, silos, machinery sheds, farm workshops, feed preparation centres, tobacco pack barns, manure storages, greenhouses and garages not attached to the farm residence. Fill means soil. rock, rubble, industrial waste such as slag, organic material or a combination of these that is transported and placed on the natural surface of a soil or rock or organic terrain. It mayor may not be compacted.. 5.

(22) 1.3.2. Fire compartment means an enclosed space in a building that is separated from all other parts of the building by enclosing construction providing a fire separation having a required fire-resistance rating. Fire damper means a closure which consists of a normally held open damper installed in an air distribution system or in a wall or floor assembly. and designed to close automatically in the event of a fire in order to maintain the integrity of the fire separation. Fire detector means a device which detects a fire condition and automatically initiates an electrical signal to actuate an alert signal or alarm signal and includes heat detectors and smoke detectors. Fire load (as applying to an occupanc.v) means the combustible contents of a room or floor area expressed in terms of the average weight of combustible materials per unit area, from which the potential heat liberation may be calculated based on the calorific value of the materials. and includes the furnishings, finished floor, wall and ceiling finishes. trim and temporary and movable partitions. Fire-protection rating means the time in hours or fraction thereof that a closure will withstand the passage of flame when exposed to fire under specified conditions oftest and performance criteria. or as otherwise prescribed in this Code. Fire-resistance rating means the time in hours or fraction thereof that a material or assembly of materials will withstand the passage of flame and the transmission of heat when exposed to fire under spe~ified conditions of test and performance criteria, or as determined by extension or interpretation of information derived therefrom as prescribed in this Code. Fire-retardant treated wood means wood or a wood product that has had its surface-burning characteristics, such as flame spread. rate of fuel contribution and density of smoke developed, reduced by impregnation with fireretardant chemicals. Fire separation means a construction assembly that acts as a barrier against the spread of fire. (See Appendix A.) Fire stop flap means a device intended for use in horizontal assemblies required to have afire-resistance rating and incorporating protective ceiling membranes, which operates to close off a duct opening through the membrane in the event of a fire. Firewall means a type offire separation of noncombustible construction which subdivides a building or separates adjoining buildings to resist the spread of fire and which has afire-resistance rating as prescribed in this Code and has structural stability to remain intact under fire conditions for the required fire-rated time. First storey means the uppermost storey having its floor level not more than 2 m above grade. Flame-spread rating means an index or classification indicating the extent of spread-of-flame on the surface of a material or an assembly of materials as determined in a standard fire test as prescribed in this Code. Floor are.a means the space on any storey of a building between exterior walls and required fire wa lis • including the space occupied by interior walls and partitions, but not including exits and vertical service spaces that pierce the storey. Flue means an enclosed passageway for conveying flue gases. Flue collar means the portion of a fuel-fired appliance designed for the attachment of the flue pipe or breeching.. 6.

(23) 1.3.2. Flue pipe means the pipe connecting the flue collar of an appliance to a chimney. Forced-air furnace means a furnace equipped with a fan that provides the primary means for the circulation of air. Foundation means a system or arrangement of foundation units through which the loads from a building ar:e transferred to supporting soil or rock. Foundation unit means one of the structural members of the foundation of a building such as a footing, raft or pile. Frost action means the phenomenon that occurs when water in soil is subjected to freezing which, because of the water ice phase change or ice lens growth, results in a total volume increase or the build-up of expansive forces under confined conditions or both, and the subsequent thawing that leads to loss of soil strength and increased compressibility. Furnace means a space-heating appliance using warm air as the heating medium and usually having provision for the attachment of ducts. Gas vent means that portion of a venting system designed to convey vent gases to the outdoors from the vent connector of a gas-fired appliance or directly from the appliance when a vent connector is not used. Grade (as applying to the determination of building height) means the lowest of the average levels of finished ground adjoining each exterior wall of a building, except that localized depressions such as for vehicle or pedestrian entrances need not be considered in the determination of average levels of finished ground. (See First storey.) Groundwater means a free standing body of water in the ground. Groundwater level (groundwater table) means the top surface of a free standing body of water in the ground. Guard means a protective barrier around openings in floors or at the open sides of stairs, landings, balconies, mezzanines, galleries, raised walkways or other locations to prevent accidental falls from one level to another. Such barrier mayor may not have openings through it. Heat detector means a fire detector designed to operate at a predetermined temperature or rate of temperature rise. Heavy timber construction means that type of combustible construction in which a degree of fire safety is attained by placing limitations on the sizes of wood structural members and on thickness and composition of wood floors and roofs and by the avoidance of concealed spaces under floors and roofs. High hazard industrial occupancy (Group F, Division 1) means an industrial occupancy containing sufficient quantities of highly combustible and flammable or explosive materials which, because of their inherent characteristics, constitute a special fire hazard. Horizontal exit means an exit from one building to another by means of a doorway, vestibule, walkway, bridge or balcony. Horizontal service space means a space such as an attic, duct, ceiling, roof or crawl space oriented essentially in a horizontal plane, concealed and generally inaccessible, through which building service facilities such as pipes, ducts and wiring may pass. Indirect service water heater means a service water heater that derives its heat from a heating medium such as warm air, steam or hot water. Industrial occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part thereof for the assembling, fabricating, manufacturing, processing, repairing or storing of goods and materials.. 7.

(24) 1.3.2. Infirm persons means all institutionalized persons whose age or health is such that they require institutional care or treatment. Institutional occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part thereof by persons who are involuntarily detained, or detained for penal or correctional purposes, or whose liberty is restricted, or require special care or treatment because of age, mental or physical limitations. Interconnected floor space means superimposed floor areas or parts of floor areas in which floor assemblies that are required to be fire separations are penetrated by openings that are not provided with closures. Limiting distance means the distance from an exposing building face to a property line, the centre line of a street, lane or public thoroughfare, or to an imaginary line between 2 buildings or fire compartments on the same property, measured at right angles to the exposing building face. Live load means the load other than dead load to be assumed in the design of the structural members of a building. It includes loads resulting from snow, rain, wind, earthquake and those due to occupancy. Loadbearing (as applying to a building element) means subjected to or designed to carry loads in addition to its own dead load, excepting a wall element subjected only to wind or earthquake loads in addition to its own dead load. Low hazard industrial occupancy (Group F, Division 3) means an industrial occupancy in which the combustible content is not more than 50 kg/m 2 or I 200 MJ/m 2 of floor area. Major occupancy means the principal occupancy for which a building or part thereof is used or intended to be used, and shall be deemed to include the subsidiary occupancies which are an integral part of the principal OCCllpancy. Masonry or concrete chimney means a chimne)· of brick, stone, concrete or masonry units constructed on site. Means of egress means a continuous path of travel provided by a doorway, hallway, corridor, exterior passageway, balcony, lobby, stair, ramp or other egress facility or combination thereof, for the escape of persons from any point in a building, floor area, room or contained open space to an open public thoroughfare or to an exterior open space protected from fire exposure from the building and having access to an open public thoroughfare. (Means of egress includes exits and access to exits.) Medium hazard industrial occupancy (Group F, Division 2) means an industrial occupancy in which the combustible content is more than 50 kg/m2 or I 200 MJ/m 2 of floor area and not classified as high hazard industrial occupancy. Mercantile occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part thereof for the displaying or selling of retail goods, wares or merchandise. Metal chimney means a single-wall chimne.v of metal constructed on site. Mezzanine means an intermediate floor assembly between the floor and ceiling of any room ocstorey and includes an interior balcony. Noncombustible means that a material meets the acceptance criteria of CAN4S 114, "Standard Method of Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials." Noncombustible construction means that type of construction in which a degree of fire safety is attained by the use of noncombustible materials for structural members and other building assemblies.. 8. I.

(25) 1.3.2. Occupancy means the use or intended use of a building or part thereof for the shelter or support of persons, animals or property. Occupant load means the number of persons for which a building or part thereof is designed. Open-air storey means a storey in which at least 25 per cent of the total area of its perimeter walls is open to the outdoors in a manner that will provide cross ventilation to the entire storey. Owner means any person, firm or corporation controlling the property under consideration. Partition means an interior wall I storey or part-storey in height that is not loadbearing. Party wall means a wall jointly owned and jointly used by 2 parties under easement agreement or by right in law, and erected at or upon a line separating 2 parcels of land each of which is. or is capable of being, a separate real-estate entity. Perched groundwater means a free standing body of water in the ground extending to a limited depth. Pile means a slender deep foundation unit, made of materials such as wood, steel or concrete or combination thereof, which is either premanufactured and placed by driving, jacking, jetting or screwing, or cast-in-place in a hole formed by driving, excavating or boring. (Cast-in-place bored piles are often referred to as caissons in Canada.) Plenum means a chamber forming part of an air duct system. Plumbing system means a drainage system, a venting system and a water system or parts thereof. Post-disaster building means a building essential to provide services in the event of a disaster, and includes hospitals, fire stations, police stations, radio stations, telephone exchanges, power stations, electrical substations, pumping stations (water and sewage) and fuel depot buildings. Private sewage disposal system means a privately owned plant for the treatment and disposal of sewage (such as a septic tank with an absorption field). Project means any construction, alteration or demolition operation. Public corridor means a corridor that provides access to exit from more than I suite. (See Appendix A.) Public way means a sidewalk. street, highway, square or other open space to which the public has access, as of right or by invitation, expressed or implied. Range means a cooking appliance equipped with a cooking surface and I or more ovens. Repair garage means a building or part thereof where facilities are provided for the repair or servicing of motor vehicles. Residential occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part thereof by persons for whom sleeping accommodation is provided but who are not harboured or detained to receive medical care or treatment or are not involuntarily detained. Return duct means a duct for conveying air from a space being heated, ventilated or air-conditioned back to the heating, ventilating or airconditioning appliance. 9.

(26) 1.3.2. Rock means that portion of the earth's crust which is consolidated, coherent and relatively hard and is a naturally formed, solidly bonded. mass of mineral matter which cannot readily be broken by hand. Sanitary drainage system means a drainage system that conducts sewage. Service room means a room provided in a building to accommodate building services, including boiler rooms, furnace rooms, incinerator rooms. garbage rooms, janitors' closets and rooms to accommodate air-conditioning or heating appliances, pumps. compressors and electrical services. (See Appendix A.) Service space means space provided in a building to facilitate or conceal the installation of building service facilities such as chutes, ducts. pipes. shafts or wires. Service water heater means a device for heating water for plumbing services. Shallowfoundation means afoundation unit which derives its support from soil or rock located close to the lowest part of the building which it supports. Smoke alarm means a combined smoke detector and audible alarm device designed to sound an alarm within the room or suite in which it is located upon the detection of smoke within that room or suite. Smoke detector means a fire detector designed to operate when the concentration of airborne combustion products exceeds a pre-determined level. Soi I means that portion of the earth's crust which is fragmentary, or such that some individual particles of a dried sample may be readily separated by agitation in water; it includes boulders. cobbles, gravel. sand. silt. clay and organic matter. Space heater means a space-heating appliance for heating the room or space within which it is located, without" the use of ducts. Space-heating appliance· means an appliance intended for the supplying of heat to a room or space directly, such as a space heater, fireplace or unit heater, or to rooms or spaces of a building through a heating system such as a central furnace or boiler. Sprinklered (as applying to a building or part thereof) means that the building or part thereof is equipped with a system of automatic sprinklers. Stage means a space designed primarily for theatrical performances with provision for quick change scenery and overhead lighting. including environmental control for a wide range of lighting and sound effects and which is traditionally, but not necessarily, separated from the audience by a proscenium wall and curtain opening. Storage garage means a building or part thereof intended for the storage or parking of motor vehicles and which contains no provision for the repair or servicing of such vehicles. Storage-type service water heater means a service water heater with an integral hot water storage tank. Storey means that portion of a building which is situated between the top of any floor and the top of the floor next above it. and if there is no floor above it, that portion between the top of such floor and the ceiling above it. Stove means an appliance intended for cooking and space heating. Street means any highway, road, boulevard, square or other improved thoroughfare 9 m or more in width, which has been dedicated or deeded for public use, and is accessible to fire department vehicles and equipment. Subsurface investigation means the appraisal of the general subsurface conditions at a building site by analysis of information gained by such methods. 10. I.

(27) 1.4.1.1. as geological surveys, in situ testing, sampling, visual inspection, laboratory testing of samples of the subsurface materials and groundwater observations and measurements. Suite means a single room or series of rooms of complementary use, operated under a single tenancy, and includes dwelling units, individual guest rooms in motels, hotels, boarding houses, rooming houses and dormitories as well as individual stores and individual or complementary rooms for business and personal services occupancies. (See Appendix A.) Supply duct means a duct for conveying air from a heating, ventilating or air-conditioning appliance to a space to be heated, ventilated or airconditioned. Theatre means a place of public assembly intended for the production and viewing of the performing arts or the screening and viewing of motion pictures, and consisting of an auditorium with permanently fixed seats intended solely for a viewing audience. Unit heater means a suspended space heater with an integral air circulating fan. Unprotected opening (as applying to exposing building face) means a doorway, window or opening other than one equipped with a closure having the required fire-protection rating, or any part of a wall forming part of the exposing building face that has afire-resistance rating less than required for the exposing building face. Unsafe condition means any condition that could cause undue hazard to life, limb or health of any person authorized or expected to be on or about the premises. Vent connector (as applying to heating or cooling systems) means the part of a venting system that conducts the flue gases or vent gases from the flue collar of a gas appliance to the chimney or gas vent, and may include a draft control device. Vertical service space means a shaft oriented essentially vertically that is provided in a building to facilitate the installation of building services including mechanical, electrical and plumbing installations and facilities such as elevators, refuse chutes and linen chutes. Walkway means a covered or roofed pedestrian thoroughfare used to connect 2 or more buildings in which the least horizontal dimension of the thoroughfare is less than 9 m.. SECTION 1.4 SUBSECTION 1.4.1.. ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIA TIONS OF NAMES OF ASSOCIATIONS. 1.4.1.1. The abbreviations for the names of associations in this Code shall have the meanings assigned to them in this Subsection. The addresses of such associations are shown in brackets following the name of each association. ACNBC ..... Associate Committee on the National Building Code (National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OR6) ASHRAE .... American Society of Heating. Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (1791 Tullie Circle N .E., Atlanta, Georgia 30329 U.S.A.). 11.

(28) 1.4.1.1. ASTM ....... American Society for Testing and Materials ( 1916 Race Street. Philadelphia. Pennsylvania 19103 U.S.A.) CAN ........ National Standard of Canada designation (The number following the CAN designation represents the agency under whose auspices the standard is issued. CAN I designates CGA. CAN 2 designates CGSB. CAN 3 designates CSA. and CAN 4 designates ULe.) CGA ........ Canadian Gas Association (55 Scarsdale Road. Don Mills. Ontario M3B 2R3) CGSB ....... Canadian General Standards Board (Ottawa, Ontario KIA 1G6) CLA ........ Canadian Lumbermen's Association (27 Goulburn Avenue. Ottawa. Ontario KIN 8Cn CSA. ........ Canadian Standards Association (178 Rexdale Blvd., Rexdale, Ontario M9W IR3). HI .......... Hydronics Institute (35 Russo Place, Berkeley Heights. New Jersey 07922 U.S.A.). HRAI ....... Heating. Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Institute of Canada (5468 Dundas Street West. Islington, Ontario M9B 6E3) NBC ........ National Building Code of Canada (National Research Council of Canada. Ottawa. Ontario K I A OR6) NFPA ....... National Fire Protection Association (Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02269 U.S.A.) NLGA ....... National Lumber Grades Authority (1460- 1055 West Hastings Street. Vancouver. B.e. V6E 2G8) SMACNA .... Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association Inc. (8224 Old Courthouse Road. Vienna, Virginia 22180 U.S.A.) ULC ......... Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada (7 Crouse Road, Scarborough. Ontario M I R 3A9) WCLIB ...... West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (6980 Southwest Varns Street, P.O. Box 23145, Portland, Oregon 97223 U.S.A.) WWPA ...... Western Wood Products Association (1500 Yeon Building. Portland. Oregon 97204 U.S.A.). 12.

(29) 1.4.2.1. SUBSECTION 1.4.2.. ABBREVIATIONS OF WORDS AND PHRASES. 1.4.2.1. The abbreviations of words and phrases in this Code shall have the meanings assigned to them in this Subsection. CLS ......... Canadian Lumber Standard cm .......... centimetre(s) db .......... decibel(s) ° ............ degree(s) °C .......... degree(s) Celsius diam ........ diameter g ........... gram(s) ga .......... gauge h ........... hour(s) Hz .......... hertz in. . ......... inch(es) Inc. . ........ Incorporated J ............ joule(s) kg .......... kilogram(s) kN .......... kilonewton(s) kPa ......... Kilopascal(s) kW ......... kilowatt(s) L ........... Jitre(s) Ix ........... lux m ........... metre(s) max ......... maximum min .......... minimum min ......... minute(s) MJ .......... megajoule(s) mm ......... millimetre(s) MPa ......... megapascaJ(s) N ........... newton NI A ......... not applicable ng .......... nanogram(s) No. . ........ number(s) nom. . ....... nominal o.c. . ........ on centre s ............ second(0 temp. . ....... temperature T &0 ........ tongue and groove W .......... watt(s) wt .......... weight.. 13.

(30) PART 2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. T ABLE OF CONTENTS. SECTION 2.1. APPLICA TION •...•...•..••.........•.. 17. SECTION 2.2. CLIMATIC DATA ...................... 18. SECTION 2.3. PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS AND CALCULATIONS .................. 18. MATERIALS, APPLIANCES, SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT. 20. SECTION 2.4. . ............. SECTION 2.5. EQUIV ALENTS. SECTION 2.6. REVIEW ............................... 21. SECTION 2.7. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. 21. ............. 41. ••••••. .... 414141. 4141. 414141. ..... 41. ... 20. 15.

(31) PART 2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. SECTION 2.1. APPLICATION. SUBSECTION 2.1.1. Except as provided in Subsection 2.1.5., Parts 1, 2, 7 and 8 apply to all buildings. SUBSECTION 2.1.2. Except as provided in Subsection 2.1.5., Parts 3, 4, 5 and 6 apply to (a) all buildings used for (i) Group A, assembly occupancies, (ii) Group B, institutional occupancies, and (iii) Group F, Division 1, high hazard industrial occupancies, and (b) all buildings exceeding 600 m2 in building area or exceeding 3 storeys in building height used for (i) Group C, residential occupancies, (ii) Group D, business and personal services occupancies, (iii) Group E, mercantile occupancies, and (iv) Group F, Division 2 and 3, medium and low hazard industrial occupancies. SUBSECTION 2.1.3. Except as provided in Subsection 2.1.5., Part 9 applies to buildings of 3 storeys or less in building height, having a building area not exceeding 600 m2 and which are used for (a) Group C, residential occupancies, (b) Group D, business and personal services occupancies, (c) Group E, mercantile occupancies, and (d) Group F, Division 2 and 3, medium and low hazard industrial occupancies. SUBSECTION 2.1.4. made buildings.. This Code applies both to site assembled and factory. SUBSECTION 2.1.5. Farm buildings shall conform to the requirements in the ACNBC Canadian Farm Building Code 1983. SUBSECTION 2.1.6.. BUILDING SIZE DETERMINATION. 2.1.6.1. Where a firewall divides abuilding, each portion of the building so divided shall be considered as a separate building, except when specifically modified in other parts of this Code. (See Appendix A.) 2.1.6.2.(1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), where portions of a building are completely separated by a vertical fire separation that has a fire-resistance rating of at least 1 h and extends through all storeys and service spaces of the separated portions, each separated portion is permitted to be considered as a separate building for the purpose of determining building height provided (a) each separated portion is not more than 3 storeys in building height and is used only for residential occupancies, and (b) the unobstructed path of travel for the fire fighter from the nearest street to one entrance of each separated portion is not more than 45 m. (See Appendix A.) (2) The vertical fire separation in Sentence (1) may terminate at the floor assembly immediately above a basement provided the basement conforms to Article 3.2.1.2. 17.

(32) 2.2.1.1.. SECTION 2.2 CLIMATIC DATA SUBSECTION 2.2.1.. GENERAL. 2.2.1.1.(1) The climatic values required for the design of buildings under this Code shall be in conformance with the values established by the authority having jurisdiction or, in the absence of such data. with Sentence (2) and the climatic values in Chapter 1 of the Supplement to the NBC 1985. (See Appendix A.) (2) The outside winter design temperatures determined from Chapter 1 of the Supplement to the NBC 1985 shall be those listed for the January 21/2 per cent values. (See Appendix A.). 2.2.1.2. Depth of frost penetration shall be established on the basis of local experience.. SECTION 2.3 PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS AND CALCULATIONS SUBSECTION 2.3.1.. GENERAL. 2.3.1.1. Sufficient information shall be provided to show that the proposed work will conform to this Code and whether or not it may affect adjacent property. 2.3.1.2.. Plans shall be drawn to scale and shall indicate the nature and extent of the work or proposed occupancy in sufficient detail to establish that, when completed, the work and the proposed occupancy will conform to this Code.. SUBSECTION 2.3.2.. SITE PLANS. 2.3.2.1.. Site plans shall be referenced to an up-to-date survey and, when required to prove compliance with this Code, a copy of the survey shall be provided.. 2.3.2.2.(1). Site plans shall show (a) by dimensions from property lines, the location of the proposed building, (b) the similarly dimensioned location of every other adjacent existing building on the property, (c) existing and finished ground levels to an established datum at or adjacent to the site, and (d) the access routes for fire fighting.. SUBSECTION 2.3.3.. FIRE PROTECTION COMPONENTS. 2.3.3.1.(1) Information shall be submitted to show the major components of fire protection including (a) the division of the building by firewalls, (b) the building area, (c) the degree of fire separation of storeys, shafts and special rooms or areas, including the location and rating of closures infire separations, (d) the source of information for fire-resistance ratings of elements of construction (to be indicated on large-scale sections), (e) the location of exits, and (f) fire detection, suppression and alarm systems. 18. I.

(33) 2.3.5.1. 2.3.3.2. Before a sprinkler system is installed or altered, plans showing full details of the proposed sprinkler system and essential details of the building in which it is to be installed shall be drawn to an indicated scale. SUBSECTION 2.3.4.. STRUCTURAL AND FOUNDATION DRA WINGS AND CALCULATIONS. 2.3.4.1. Requirements of this Subsection apply only to buildings falling within the scope of Part 4. 2.3.4.2. Structural drawings and related documents submitted with the application to build shall be dated and shall bear the authorized professional seal and signature of the designer as defined in Sentence 4.1.1.2.(2). 2.3.4.3.(1) Structural drawings and related documents submitted with the appJication to build shal1 indicate in addition to those items specified in Subsection 2.3.5. and Part 4 applicable to the specific material (a) the name and address of the person responsible for the structural design., (b) the date of issue of the Code and standards to which the design conforms, (c) the dimensions, location and size of all structural members in sufficient detail to enable the design to be checked, (d) sufficient detail to enable the loads due to materials of construction incorporated in the building to be determined, and (e) all effects and loads, other than dead loads, used for the design of the structural members and exterior cladding. 2.3.4.4. Structural drawings of parts or components including guards designed by a person other than the designer of the building shall be dated and shall bear the authorized professional seal and signature of the person responsible for the design of such parts or components. 2.3.4.5. The calculations and analysis made in the design of the structural members, including parts and components, of a building shall be available for inspection upon request. 2.3.4.6.(1) Foundation drawings submitted with the application to build or excavate shall be provided to indicate (a) the type and condition of the soil or rock, as well as the groundwater conditions, as determined by the subswface investigation, (b) the allowable bearing pressures on the soil or rock, the allowable loads when applicable and the design loads applied to foundation units, and (c) the earth pressures and other loads applied to the supporting structures of supported excavations. (2) When required, evidence that justifies the information on the drawings shall be submitted with the application to excavate or build.. 2.3.4.7. Where conditions as described under Sentences 4.2.2.4.(1) and (2) are encountered, or where foundation units or their locations are altered, this information shall be recorded on appropriate drawings or new "as constructed" drawings. SUBSECTION 2.3.5. HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS 2.3.5.1. Requirements of this Subsection apply only to buildings falling within the scope of Part 6. 19.

(34) 2.3.5.2. 2.3.5.2.. The information shown on architectural plans and on plans for heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems shall be clear and legible and shall contain all necessary details to demonstrate conformance with this Code. (See Appendix A.). SECTION 2.4 SUBSECTION 2.4.1.. MATERIALS, APPLIANCES, SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT GENERAL. 2.4.1.1. All materials, appliances. systems and equipment installed to meet the requirements of this Code shall possess the necessary characteristics to perform their intended functions when installed in a building. 2.4.1.2.. All building materials, appliances and equipment on the building site shall be stored in such a way as to prevent deterioration or impairment of their essential properties.. 2.4.1.3.. Unless otherwise specified, used materials, appliances and equipment may be reused when they meet the requirements of this Code for new materials and are satisfactory for the intended use.. SECTION 2.5 SUBSECTION 2.5.1.. EQUIVALENTS GENERAL. 2.5.1.1.. The provisions of this Code are not intended to limit the appropriate use of materials. appliances, systems, equipment, methods of design or construction procedures not specifically described herein.. 2.5.1.2. Any person ~esirous of providing an equivalent to satisfy one or more of the requirements of this Code shall submit sufficient evidence to demonstrate that the proposed equivalent will provide the level of performance required by this Code. 2.5.1.3. Materials, appliances, systems, equipment. methods of design and construction procedures not specifically described herein, or which vary from the specific requirements in this Code, may be used if it can be shown that these alternatives are suitable on the basis of past performance, tests or evaluations. SUBSECTION 2.5.2.. STRUCTURAL EQUIVALENTS. 2.5.2.1.(1) Buildings and their structural components1within the scope of Part 4 whose designs are not in conformance with Section 4. 1 may be designed by one of the following methods: (a) analysis based on generally established theory, (b) evaluation of a full-scale structure or a prototype by a loading test, or (c) studies of model analogues, provided the design is carried out by a person especially qualified in the specific methods applied and provided the design ensures a level of safety and performance at least equivalent to that provided for or implicit in the design carried out by the methods referred to in Part 4.. SUBSECTION 2.5.3.. EQUIV ALENT TEST STANDARDS. 2.5.3.1. The results of tests based on test standards other than as described in this Code may be used provided such alternate test standards will provide comparable results. 20. I.

(35) 2.7.3.2.. SECTION 2.6 REVIEW SUBSECTION 2.6.1.. GENERAL. 2.6.1.1.. Requirements of this Section apply only to buildings falling within the scope of Part 4, except that Subsection 2.6.5. applies to all bUildings.. SUBSECTION 2.6.2.. REVIEW OF CONSTRUCTION. 2.6.2.1. Review of the construction of any building or part thereof shall be carried out by the designer or by another suitably qualified person to determine whether or not the construction conforms to the design. SUBSECTION 2.6.3.. REVIEW OF SHOP DRAWINGS. 2.6.3.1.. The designer or another suitably qualified person shall reveiw all shop drawings and other related documents relevant to the design to determine conformance with the design.. SUBSECTION 2.6.4.. WORKMANSHIP AND MATERIALS. 2.6.4.1.. Workmanship, materials and all reports of material tests shall be reviewed by the designer or other suitably qualified person during the process of construction.. SUBSECTION 2.6.5.. OFF· SITE REVIEW. 2.6.5.1. Where a building or component of a building is assembled off the building site in such a manner that it cannot be reviewed on site, off-site reviews shall be provided to determine compliance with this Code.. SECTION 2.7 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS SUBSECTION 2.7.1.. APPLICATION. 2.7.1.1.. The provisions of referenced documents in this Code apply only to the extent that they relate to buildings.. SUBSECTION 2.7.2.. CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS. 2.7.2.1. In the case of conflict between the provisions of this Code and those of a referenced document, the provisions of this Code shall govern. SUBSECTION 2.7.3.. EFFECTIVE DATE. 2.7.3.1. Unless otherwise specified herein, the documents referenced in this Code shall include all amendments, revisions and supplements effective to 30 June 1984. 2.7.3.2. Where documents are referenced in this Code, they shall be the editions designated in Column 2 of Table 2.7.3.A.. 21.

(36) 2.7.3.2. Table 2.7.3.A. Forming Part of Article 2.7.3.2. DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA 1985 Issuing Agency. Title of Document. Code Reference. ASTM. A252-82. Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles. 4.2.3.8.. ASTM. A283-81. Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates, Shapes, and Bars. 4.2.3.8.. ASTM. A525-83. Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process. 9.3.3.2.. ASTM. A570-79. Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip. Structural Quality. 4.2.3.8.. ASTM. A611-82. Steel, Cold-Rolled Sheet, Carbon Structural. 4.2.3.8.. ASTM. C4-62 (1981 ). Clay Drain Tile. 9.14.3.1.. ASTM. C64-72 (1977). Refractories for Incinerators and Boilers. 9.21.3.4.. ASTM. C126-82. Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing 9.20.2.1. Tile, Facing Brick, and Solid Masonry Units. ASTM. C212-60 (1981). Structural Clay Facing Tile. 9.20.2.1.. ASTM. C315-78c (1983). Clay Flue Linings. 9.21.3.3.. ASTM. C411-82. Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation. 6.2.3.6.(3) 6.2.9.4.(2)(b). ASTM. C412M-83. Concrete Drain Tile. 9.14.3.1.. ASTM. C444M1980. Perforated Concrete Pipe. 9.14.3.1.. ASTM. C700-78a (1983). Vitrified Clay Pipe. Extra Strength. Standard Strength and Perforated. 9.14.3.1.. ASTM. CI002-83. Steel Drill Screws for the Application of Gypsum Board. 9.25.1.4.. ASTM. E90-83. Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions. 9.11.1.1.. ASTM. E336-84. Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation in Buildings. 9.11.1.1.. CGA. CANI-BI49.1- Installation Code for Natural Gas Burning Appliances and Equipment M80. 6.2.1.3.0 ) 8.2.2.10.(3). CGA. CANI-BI49.2- Installation Code for Propane Burning Appliances and Equipment M80. 6.2.1.3.0 ) 8.2.2.10.(3). CGSB. 7-GP-IM1980. Stud, Framing Member. Light Steel and Furring Channel. Rigid. 9.25.1.3.. CGSB. 10-GP-3Ma1981. Refractory Mortar. Air Setting. 9.21.3.4. 9.21.3.6. 9.22.2.2.. Column 1. 22. Document Number. 2. 3. 4. I.

(37) 2.7.3.2. Table 2.7 .3.A. (Cont'd) Issuing Agency. Document Number. Title of Document. Code Reference. CGSB. II-GP-3M1976. Hardboard. 9.28.10.1. 9.30.10.1. 9.31.2.3.. CGSB. II-GP-SMa1978. Hardboard, for Exterior Cladding. 9.28.10.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.1M79. Glass, Safety, Tempered or Laminated. 3.3.1.13.(1) 9.6.5.3. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.2M76. Glass, Sheet, Flat, Clear. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.3M76. Glass, Polished Plate or Float, Flat, Clear. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.4M76. Glass, Heat Absorbing. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.8M76. Insulating Glass Units. 9.7.2.1. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.1OM76. Glass, Light and Heat Reflecting. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. CAN2-12.11M76. Glass, Wired, Safety. 3.3.1.13.(1) 9.6.5.3. 9.7.3.1.. CGSB. 19-GP-SM1976. Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing. 9.28.4.3.. CGSB. CAN2-19.13M82. Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing. 9.28.4.3.. CGSB. 19-GP-14M1976. Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing. 9.28.4.3.. CGSB. 19-GP-22M1977. Sealing Compound, Mildew Resistant, for Tubs and Tile. 9.30.13.5.. CGSB. CAN2-19.24M80. Sealing Compound, Multi-Component, Chemical Curing. 9.28.4.3.. CGSB. 34-GP-4M1977. Siding, Asbestos Cement, Shingles and Clapboards. 9.28.8.1.. CGSB. 34-GP-SM1977. Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Corrugated. 9.28.8.1.. CGSB. 34-GP-14M1977. Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Decorative. 9.28.8.1.. CGSB. CAN2-34.16M77. Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Flat, Fully Compressed. 9.28.8.1.. CGSB. 34-GP-17M1977. Sheets, Asbestos-Cement, Flat, Semicompressed. 9.28.8.1.. CGSB. 34-GP-21M1979. Panels, Sandwich, Asbestos-Cement with Insulating Cores. 9.28.8.1.. CGSB. 34-GP-22M1976. Pipe, Asbestos-Cement, Drain. 9.14.3.1.. Column 1. 2. 3. 4. 23.

(38) 2.7.3.2. Table 2.7.3.A. (Cont'd) Issuing Agency. Title of Document. Code Reference. CGSB. 37-GP-2M1976. Asphalt, Emulsified, Mineral Colloid Type, Unfilled, for Dampproofing and Waterproofing and for Roof Coatings. 9.13.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-3M1976. Application of Emulsified Asphalts for Dampproofing or Waterproofing. 9.13.1.5.. CGSB. 37-GP-4Ma1983. Cement, Lap, Cutback Asphalt, Fibrated, for Asphalt Roofing. 9.27.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-5Ma1983. Cement, Plastic, Cutback Asphalt. 9.27.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-6Ma1983. Asphalt, Cutback, Unfilled, for Dampproofing. 9.13.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-8Ma1982. Asphalt. Cutback, Filled, for Roof Coating. 9.27.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-9Ma1983. Primer, Asphalt, Unfilled, for Asphalt Roofing, Dampproofing and Waterproofing. 9.27.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-12Ma1984. Application of Unfilled Cutback Asphalt for Dampproofing. 9.13.1.5.. CGSB. 37-GP-16M1976. Asphalt, Cutback, Filled, for Dampproofing and Waterproofing. 9.13.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-18Ma1984. Tar, Cutback, Unfilled, for Dampproofing. 9.13.2.1.. CSGB. 37-GP-2IM1976. Tar, Cutback, Fibrated, for Roof Coating. 9.27.2.1.. CGSB. 37-GP-22M1976. Application of Unfilled Cutback Tar Foundation Coating for Dampproofing. 9.13.1.5.. CGSB. 41-GP-6M1976. Sheets, Thermosetting Polyester Plastics, Glass Fiber Reinforced. 9.27.2.1.. CGSB. 41-GP-24Ma1983. Siding, Soffits and Fascia, Rigid Vinyl. 9.28.13.1.. CGSB. 41-GP-29Ma1983. Tubing, Plastic, Corrugated, Drainage. 9.14.3.1.. CGSB. 51-GP-20M1978. Thermal Insulation, Expanded Polystyrene. Table 9.23.16.A. 9.26.3.2. 9.26.3.3.. CGSB. 51-GP-21M1978. Thermal Insulation, Urethane and Isocyanurate, Unfaced. Table 9.23.16.A. 9.26.3.3.. CGSB. 51-GP-25M1978. Thermal Insulation. Phenolic, Faced. Table 9.23.16.A. 9.26.3.3.. CGSB. 51-GP-27M1979. Thermal Insulation, Polystyrene, Loose Fill. 9.26.3.3.. CGSB. CAN2-51.32M77. Sheathing, Membrane, Breather Type. 9.20.15.1. 9.23.17.1. 9.27.2.1.. 2. 3. Column I. 24. Document Number. 4. I. I.

(39) 2.7.3.2. Table 2.7.3.A. (Cont'd) Issuing Agency. Document Number. Title of Document. Code Reference. CGSB. CAN2-SI.33M80. Vapor Barrier, Sheet, for Use in Building Construction. 9.26.3.4.. CGSB. SJ-GP-60M1979. Thermal Insulation, Cellulose Fibre, Loose Fill. 9.26.3.3.. CGSB. 63-GP-2M1976. Windows, Extruded Aluminum, Vertical and Horizontal Sliding; Medium Duty. 9.7.2.1.. CGSB. 63-GP-3M1976. Windows, Extruded Aluminum, Vertical and Horizontal Sliding, Standard Duty. 9.7.2.1.. CGSB. 63-GP-5M1976. Windows, Steel, Vertical and Horizontal Sliding, Standard Duty. 9.7.2.1.. CGSB. 63-GP-6M1976. Windows, Steel, Vertical and Horizontal Sliding. Medium Duty. 9.7.2.1.. CGSB. 63-GP-14M1980. Skylights, Plastic. 9.7.6. I. 9.7.6.2.. CGSB. 82-GP-IM1977. Doors. Glass. Aluminum Frame. Sliding, Standard Duty. 9.6.4.2.. CGSB. 82-GP-2M1977. Doors, Glass, Aluminum Frame. Sliding, Medium Duty. 9.6.4.2.. CGSB. 82-GP-5M1979. Doors, Insulated, Steel. 9.6.4.3.. CGSB. 93-GP-IM1978. Sheet, Aluminum Alloy, Prefinished, Residential. 9.28.12.4.. CGSB. 93-GP-2Ma1983. Siding, Soffits and Fascia. Aluminum, Prefinished. Residential. 9.28.12.3.. CGSB. 93-GP-3M1978. Sheet, Steel. Galvanized. Prefinished, Residential. 9.28.12.2.. CGSB. 93-GP-4M1978. Siding, Soffits and Fascia. Steel, Galvanized, Prefinished, Residential. 9.28.12.1.. CGSB. 115-GP-I1974. Columns, Adjustable, Metal. 9.17.3.6.. CSA. CAN3-A5-M83 Portland Cements. CSA. CAN3-A8-M83 Masonry Cement. 9.20.3. I.. CSA. CAN3-A23.1- Concrete Materials and Methods of M77 Concrete Construction. 4.2.3.6. 4.2.3.9. 9.3.1.2. 9.3.1.3.. CSA. CAN3-A23.2M77. Methods of Test for Concrete. 9.3.1.7.. CSA. CAN3-A23.3M84. Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings. 4.1.9.1.(8) 4.3.3.1.. Column I. 2. 9.3.1.2. 9.20.3.1. 9.29.2.1.. 3. 4. 25.

(40) I!E. 2.7.3.2. Table 2.7.3.A. (Cont'd) Issuing Agency. Title of Document. Code Reference. CSA. A82.1MI977. Burned Clay Brick. 9.20.2.1.. CSA. CAN3-A82.2M78. Methods of Sampling and Testing Brick. 9.20.2.6.. CSA. A82.3M1978. Calcium Silicate (Sand-Lime) Building Brick. 9.20.2.1.. CSA. A82.4M1978. Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile. 9.20.2.1.. CSA. A82.5M1978. Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile. 9.20.2.1.. CSA. A82.21M1978. Gypsum and Terms Relating to Gypsum Products. 9.30.7.1.. CSA. A82.22M1977. Gypsum Plasters. 9.20.3.1. 9.30.7.1. 9.30.7.9.. CSA. A82.27M1977. Gypsum Board Products. 3.1.4.5.(2) Table 9.1O.3.A. Table 9.1O.3.B. Table 9.23.16.A. 9.30.4.1. 9.30.8.1.. CSA. A82.30MI980. Interior Furring, Lathing and Gypsum Plastering. 9.30.1.1.. CSA. A82.56MI976. Aggregate for Masonry Mortar. 9.20.3.1.. CSA. A82.57M1977. Inorganic Aggregate for Use in Interior Plaster. 9.30.7.1.. CSA. CAN3-A93M82. Natural Airflow Ventilators for Buildings. 9.19.1.1.. CSA. A1OIMl983. Thermal Insulation, Mineral Fibre. for Buildings. 9.26.3.3.. CSA. AI23.1Ml979. Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules. 9.27.2.1.. CSA. AI23.2M1979. Asphalt Coated Roofing Sheets. 9.27.2.1.. CSA. AI23.3Ml979. Asphalt or Tar Saturated Roofing Felt. 9.27.2.1.. CSA. AI23.4MI979. Bitumen for Use in Construction of Built-Up Roof Coverings and Dampproofing and Waterproofing Systems. 9.13.2.1. 9.27.2.1.. CSA. AI23.171963. Asphalt-Saturated Felted Glass-Fibre Mat for Use in Construction of . Built-Up Roofs. 9.27.2.1.. Column 1. 26. Document Number. 2. 3. 4. I.