therefore, considerably cheaper to assist in national courses as compared to providing

UNITED NATIONS N A U O N G иГНВЗ

W O R L D H E A L T H O R G A N I Z A T I O N

ORGANISATION M O N D I A L E DE LA SANTÉ

EXECUTIVE BOARD EBll/了紅 Z

15 January 1955 Eleventh Session

ORIGINAL: E N G L I S H

A POSSIBLE METHOD OF DEALING W I T H THE PROPOSAL OF THE

R E G I O N A L С0Ш1ТТЕЕ FOE SOUTH-EAST A S I A EEGAEDING MAINTENANCE A N D TRAVEL COSTS OF NATIONAL CANDIDATES ATTENDING NATIONAL COURSES

1 . The Regional Committee for South-East A s i a urged that the Organization seriously reconsider the decision that it cannot finance the travel costs and maintenance costs of national candidates attending national courses organized w i t h the help of WHO^ and further it stressed the opinion that these courses form a very valuable and economical method of training^ although Governments often cannot afford to pay the candidates the out-of-pocket costs involved广

2 . A study of the question indicates that one of the problems of sending

candidates for training outside their own countries is the capacity of the under- developed countries to absorb training of this nature # This absorptive capacity is determined by the lack of health p e r s o n n e l in the countries which makes it difficult to replace personnel on foreign fellowships ； by the level of the

technical background of the candidates vhich makes it difficult for them to p r o f i t sufficiently from training abroad； b y language difficulties； and b y the difficulty of adapting to foreign training.

In addition there are numerous advantages in training health workers in their, ovn environments> chief amongst them being the easier adaptation of techniques to local p r o b l e m s .

3 . To meet the problems stated above^ it is suggested that W H O might develop a system of providing a limited subsidy to national health administrations to Ъе u s e d for the purpose of financing national fellowships « F o r example^ a 5-year p l a n for financial subsidy could be evolved whereby W H O in the first y e a r m i g h t provide 5 0 ^ of the costs, i.e. the W H O subsidy w o u l d be o n a matching basis with a m a x i m u m limitation; for the second year the 5〇多 m i g h t be reduced, to bof” e t c . as set forth in the following table :

1 Document EBll/l7， page 5

E B l l / 7 4 p a g e 2

W H O COUNTRY

1st y e a r 50实

2nd y e a r _ 6 0 *

3rd y e a r 50* 70多

irth y e a r

20%

5th y e a r

10%

A f t e r the f i f t h y e a r Governments w o u l d Ъе expected to bear a l l expenses of the n a t i o n a l f e l l o w s h i p s .

UNÍTED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES

W O R L D H E A L T H O R G A N I Z A T I O N

EXECUTIVE BOARD Eleventh Session

A POSSIBLE METHOD OF DEALING WITH THE PfiDFOSAL O F THE REGIONAL COMMITTEE F O R SOUTH EAST ASI/i REGixRDING

M^INTSK^NCS AND TRxVEL COSTS OF NATIONAL CANDIDATES 4

A T T E N D I N G N A T I O K i i C O U R S E S Alternative 2

The proposal which appears in EBll/74 sets forth one method of reaching the aim of the regional committee for South-East i^sia, although different from that C o m m i t t e e!s original p r o p o s a l , ^ s the Board m a y wish to consider in detail the specific recommendation of the regional c o m m i t t e e , this second alternative is presented as a possible method of implementing that recommendation•

During I95I and 1952 a certain number of training courses w i t h international instructors were held in which half of the travel and the maintenance grants were paid from 丽〇 funds to the national participants • These courses have been

considered b y the countries concerned a s of considerable advantage and usefulness to them for the following reasons:

(a) A t a low cost to the government, v i z . on the payment of half the travel cost of each national candidate, a v e r y valuable training on a wide scale is obtained.

(b) Courses can be developed to m e e t a specific need and prepare nurses and other auxiliary personnel for particular positions•

(c) The language difficulties, with which students (from South E a s t Asien countries) m e e t when sent abroad, is o v e r c o m e . УЛеп such courses are

organized in their omi countries t h e y "are given in the language of the country. ‘ ‘

(d) The courses are adapted to local conditions and in the students¹ own environment •

(e) The courses can be arranged in conjunction with a n existing p r o j e c t , i f developed on a country basis• This w o u l d n o t be possible in the case of inter-regional courses •

ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTÉ

EBll/74 A d d . l z 17 J a n u a r y 1953 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

E B l l / 7 4 A d d . 1 p a g e 2.

The a d v a n t a g e s a c c r u i n g from such courses have evoked the c o u n t r i e s of the South E a s t Asia region and stimulated a s s i s t a n c e from W H O in the holding of refresher courses in d u r i n g 1 9 5 3 a n d 1 9 5 4 .

In the b e g i n n i n g , r e f r e s h e r courses were organized in

w o u l d p r o v i d e the n e c e s s a r y s t i p e n d s . Some courses were organized on this basis, but it h a d b e e n f o u n d d i f f i c u l t to get trainees to consent to attend the c o u r s e s , because even w i t h the g o v e r n m e n t contribution they were invariably out of pocket and in m o s t cases u n a b l e to m e e t the e x p e n s e s on account of the low level of salaries in this r e g i o n . It, t h e r e f o r e , b e c a m e i m p o s s i b l e to continue to develop such courses and eventually it w a s d e c i d e d to s e e k i n t e r n a t i o n a l assistance in the m a t t e r .

2 • P r o p o s e d c o n t r i b u t i o n o f Governments

I t h a s been possible to obtain from governments half the travel costs for all the t r a i n e e s , b u t no p e r diem a l l o w a n c e s . In a n y c a s e , the p e r diem allowance is so low in this r e g i o n that no trainee could subsist on i t a n d , therefore, t h e y prefer not to a t t e n d the c o u r s e s .

3 . P r o p o s e d contribution o f liYHO

ТШО w a s p a y i n g h a l f the cost of travel and a n absolute minimum p e r diem of a p p r o x i m a t e l y $ 2 in o r d e r t h a t trainees should n o t be out of p o c k e t and so refuse to attend the c o u r s e s .

4 . C o m p a r a t i v e costs - n a t i o n a l courses versus international courses

E v e r y i n t e r n a t i o n a l fellowship costs between $3,000 to $5,000 depending on the c o u n t r i e s of s t u d y , f o r twelve m o n t h s . The national courses are n o r m a l l y run for a p e r i o d of a b o u t three m o n t h s . The cost of international courses f o r a similar .period w o u l d be a p p r o x i m a t e l y $1,500 per t r a i n e e . It is proposed, during 1953 to train 159 c a n d i d a t e s a t a c o s t to МЮ of $ 2 9 , 1 0 9 . (The government w i l l continue the payment of h a l f the t r a v e l c o s t . ) In 1 9 5 4 , it is proposed to train 9。c a n d i d a t e s for a cost of

a keen interest in almost all requests from them for

nursing a n d paediatrics

the hope that the governments

See A n n e x 1

E B l l / 7 4 A d d . l page 3

$ 1 7 , 1 0 3 , The cost per trainee for these national c o u r s e s , therefore, comes to $180 - I I 9 0 , as compared to Si,500 for the same period for an international сourse• It i s ,

therefore, considerably cheaper to assist in national courses as compared to providing

5 . Under the circumstances explained a b o v e , the Regional Committee felt t h a t this system of national courses is sufficiently important and economical to be deserving o f the small Ш 0 subsidy which is absolutely necessary to organize these courses, u n t i l the local conditions improve sufficiently for governments to be able to bear a h i g h e r percentage of the financial burden than they are doing a t p r e s e n t .

6 . It was the feeling of the Regional Committee t h a t , if the Organization is unable to render these training facilities in the under-developed areas, it w o u l d seem t o be failing intone of its p r i m a r y functions. It i s , of course, to be understood t h a t this is a p u r e l y temporary measure for improving education and training facilities in certain under-developed countries u n t i l such a time when these countries a r e able t o bear the full share of the costs of such c o u r s e s .

7 . The above suggestions a r e , therefore, in no w a y an attempt to get a w a y from the fundamental principle that the cost of national training should be borne b y the n a t i o n a l governments.

Other Alternatives

A n o t h e r alternative iwould be a different combination of the percentage contributions of WHO and the governments to the national c o u r s e s . A n o t h e r p o s s i b i l i t y w o u l d be to ehange fran the system set forth in Alternative 2 to the first alternative system described in E B 1 1 . 7 4 , beginning in 1 9 5 5 .

SOUTH EAST ASIA REGION

Grants of Travel and Maintenance Costs to nationals of the country for participation in Refresher Courses.

Years 1953-1954

‘Ccaintiy Project

1953 195Л

Afghanistan

Particulars Amount ; Furtí. i Remarks Particulars i AmountÎ Fund

Burma

Ceylon

)India

fIndonesia

ÍThailand

School of Nursing ¡ 6 selected male nurses (Male) i for 3 months

|MCH Refresher

；C o u r s e i 4 participants for I 3 months

！Selected Nursing jl4 selected nurses for I Schools

ikCH Refresher II Course

i

MGH-ColOTÍbo &

Kalutara

Colombo School of Nursing

Iftirsing Refresher Course

MCH Refresher Course in

Paediatrics and Seminar

MCH Refresher Course in Paediatrics Refresher course

in Nursing

3 months

¡12 doctors and 12 nurses for 3 months

:12 participants for

¡27 selected nurses for 3. months

：24 participants for

！ 1 month

MCH-Bangkok

丨24 participants f o r S 2 months

i i

12 selected nurses I (6 for 6 "weeks and t

for 2 months)

|12 participants for i 2 norths

i

； Total R e g .

i Т.Л.

1,330 I Reg.

880

ЗДЛ6 5,393

2,700 丨 Т.Л.

2Л,51Р

5,955 Reg.

2，270 t

I I 3,8^0 ！ « t

• j

1 , 7 0 5 丨“

¡ i

! 1,890 I Т.Л.

6 selected

male nurses 1,330 i R e g . 4 participants for丨 880

3 months i 9 selected nurses 丨 2,023

for 3 months i 2 doctors and 2 | 900

nurses for

3 months j

12 selected nurses for 2 months

1,920

1 0 participants for 3 months

Total R e g . i.

2,205

I _i

14,898 2,205 27 selected nurses丨 5,955

for 5 months !

12 selected nurses 1,890 for 2 months j -

R e g .

-h

Т.Л.

EB H/ 74

- A

ds

pa ge

Г-

29,109