Robust models for simultaneous open pit and underground mines
Texte intégral
(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Robust models for simultaneous open pit and underground mines Nelson Morales. N° 5044 December 2003. ISSN 0249-6399. ISRN INRIA/RR--5044--FR+ENG. THÈME 1. apport de recherche.
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(67) "!#$"%$&'!(&) *"!+,!+.-/!+0 1!+. sd Yh m IKMii?fOAc:Ai?fOAiPRIePUKMWePUidyBclYMiP Y[PJ<?AWU#IJAM f = KMWJAvfOA?idAf P#IKM IJYxL?IeALd PUYhQYMi:IefOAW m. . 1 0. Pit =. X. pis ,. Umt =. X. ums ,. #<?h<WUAIJc:AhÁPJMA SWJAcdWUAIJAiPUIPU<dAKMhhQLd@"Ld KPJAfc:AWUhAiPUKMyMAgAQNOcd YMPJAfWJY.@ sd YOh i KPPU@BA t KMi?f@KMhQWUYMs? YOh m <?K.I=s:AAiAQNOcd YMPJAfiPJ<dAgiPJAWJK[ 1, . . . , t ¬RY[PJhQAxPU<?KPvPJ<?AxY.id S^?WITPJIePUKMyMAKMWJK[sd AIEK[WUA"PJ<dAIePUK[WJPJidyYOhQL?IJAIEYMi?AI x;=<dABWUAIePEYM PU<dA@K[WUAEIePJYOh<?K.ITPUhvKMi?ffOAclAi?fY.iPU<dAgcdWUAY.L?I=ITPK[y.AI¯?YMW#i?IePUK[i:hQA f s≤t. s≤t. m. pit = pit pjs , vis , wis , ums , vus , wms. t. .. } ¶ "Cd|}D7ÇHWdO~"7d{* ² | ài^Y.WUfdAW#PUYIJAQPPU<dA"IePJYOh<?K.ITPUhvcdWUYMy.WUKM@B@xidy@BYOfOA N#<dh<Iy.YMidyBPJYslA"K@Ld PJITPK[y.AYMidA PÁ P«Ii?Y[P§clY.IUIesd APUYL?IJAWUKMi?fOY.@K[WUK[sd AIIJL?h<K.I v KMi?f v YMW§AhQY.idYM@Bh#K[ LdAI«K[i?fBAyM<PUI K[i?f WUAIJc:AhÁPJMA S.;=<?ArcdWUYMs? A@#PJ<PJ<dII§PJ<?K[PY.id S"PU<dARANOcd Y.PUAfs? YOhOI§# lWUA.AKM w PU<dAWWUAKMw dAhYMidY.@xh=K[ LdARKMi?fx«Ay.<.P;=<?I§@xAK[i?IXPJ<?K[P3PJ<?AWUKMi?fOY.@hQYA hAiPUIKMWJAh<dYIeAi K.IZTL:ITPgAQNOcd K[idAf3PJ<dAxK[WUKMsd AIri¤PJ<dAxcdWUYMsd A@¥KMWJAxIeA AhÁPUidy#<dh<&WK[i?fdYM@ hQYA hAi.PIvK[WUA WUAKM ¦Af#<dh<I=idYMPRK[ YAfsSPJ<dAIePJYOh<?K.ITPUhEcdWUYMy.WUKM@x@BidyWK[@BA«Y.WJ3aridAvK9SPUYIeY. .A PIPJYIJA AhÁP=PU<dAgWUKMi?fOY.@
(68) hQYA hAi.PI#KMIY. YI v slAidyBPJ<dAgAhQY.idYM@BhRK[ LdAgYMsd YOh i KP#PU@BA t v PJ<dAgAhQYMi?YM@BhrK[ LdAgY[@KMhQWUYMs? YOh m KP#PU@BA t w d#<?h<IPJ<dAgAyM<P#Y[sd YOh i KP=PJ@BA t w dPJ<dAKMi?K[ YMy.YML?I«K[WUKMsd ArYMW#@K.hQWUYMsd YOh m RY«AMAWPYMWhQAIfOITPUWJsdLOPUY.i?IITPUWJY.idyM S fOAclAi:fOi?yªY.i£PJ<?A¡fdAhQIJY.i£K[WUKMsd AI
(69) \^YMWUA c?WJAhQIeA S.O V IPJ<dAfOIePJWUsdLdPJYMiYMW=PU<dAgAhYMidY.@xhr9KM L?AgY[s? YOh i OPU<dAiYMW#AMAWJS t > 1 NÇu P v ∼P v + (1 − P )V , PU<?KP#I v = v PJ<dAgsd YOh<?K.I=s:AAiAQNOcd YMPJAfK[P#KMiSBPJ@xA s < t OY.W#P# 3PK[.AvKxWK[i?fdYM@ KM LdAYM Y#idyKgfOITPUWJsdLOPUY.i V idYMP§aR hQYML?WUIJAMMIJ@x K[W§fOA?idPJYMi?I«@L:ITP§slARhK[WUWJAf"YMW§PJ<dA WUAIeP#Y[PJ<dAgWK[i?fdYM@
(70) hYA hQAiPUI 8 9 9. A. i. i. s=1. m. m. it. mt it. mt. i. it. it. i t−1 it−1. is. i. ××Ù"[U\ ]$^ ^. i t−1. i.
(71) tMn. " " . ² } ² ~ J7 6 7|}D7·O}¤ 6 · GO~ ² } ² ~| _OAMAWUKM fOA?idPJYMi?IEK[WUAWUA LdWJAfiY.WUfOAWPUY#WJPJAPJ<dAxhQY.i?ITPUWUKMiPIK[i?f^IJAQPELdc^PU<dA@BYOfOA °r]P :WUIePO AQP sd YOh i i.PUAWIeAhÁPI=@BK.hQWUYMsd YOh m} I = {i | ]rIA 0OPU<dAIJAQPI N KMi?f N YMPJ<dAi?AyM<s:Y.WUI=YMs? YOh i K[i?f@KMhWJY.sd Yh m WJAIeclAhQPJMA S KMWJAvfOA?idAf ]Rs:Y.LOP A.A AQNdhQ L?IJY.i 9PXhQY.i?hQAWJi:I slY[PJ<PJAh<didYM YMy.AI;=<dA=IJidKMyMAYMd@BK.hQWUYMsd YOh K !3AhQPUI PU<dA«IJAQP U YMd@BK.hQWUYMsd YOhOI3YMAWPXK[i?fgPJ<dAIeAP U YMdsd YOhOI YOhK[PJAfi?IJfOA§PUIhQY.idA§YMdmi :LdAi?hAM ]rIL:IeL?KM 0KrfOIUhQY.LdiPWKPUAY[ α K[i:fK[i<?YMWU¦YMi T K[WUA§hYMi?IJfdAWUAfPJ<L?I s, t WUAcdWUAIJAiPclAWUYOfdI R ] PUYBs:A IJslY?YML?yMi?fOMAAiBfPTs«SYKxidclAAyMW<hQAsliYMPWUK[idyMyA δ Y[ 1K[i!'LdY[id PUs?KM WJYOShOs?I YO.PJh<? AE I=fO<? A!3AyMWU<A%P i?hNsdAR slYOAQhPTIRAK[AWUiAEPJh<dYMAi?IJWfd<dAAWUyMAf<P<dIYM<?@BK9.Y[A y.AidAYML?IiPJ<dAWRfd@BAi:IeYMi?$I PÁ ]Rs:Y.LOPPJ<?AvhK[c?K.hQPJAIPJ<dAWJAgKMWJAEPJ<?WJAAEiMY. .AfK[P#PJ@BA t ;=<dAhKMc?KMhPTSYMY.c:Aic?PRANOcd Y.PKPUY.i C C X @BPJidyLdi?fOAWJy.WJY.Ldi?f@xididyK[i:f ;=<dAgyM YMs:K[ 3cd K[iPRhKMc?KMhPTS C I«PJ<dAv@KN ¯i?K[ S.O I=Kxsd YOh"PU<dAi fdAidYMPJAI«PU<dArs? YOh@x@BAfOK[PJA SY.AW @L?@
(72) iLd@slAWRi Y[K.hÁPU.AE@K.hQWUYMsdi YOhI=K[PAKMh<PJ@BAM?K.I#A KMI S KMi?f si KfOA?∈idAMIN?WJAIeclAhQPJMA SM IJAhQPJY.WUI=K[i:fPU<dAW@KNO@Ld@ iLd@"s:AW#Y[XITPK[WJPJidyBc:Y.iPI 8 9 E { ² MD} 7W ² F
(73) 6 MD} 7 ¶ 6 ari? SY.W=PJ<dAIUK[.ArYMh AK[W#K[i:fIJ<dY.WeP=#WJPJidy:d AP 8 9 @. Q. m. i. m. U m. P m. P t. U t. t. −. g. g. . Ft =. X. vit pit +. X. vmt umt ,. PU<dAhK.Ie< ? Y5KP#c:AWJYOf t ;=<?AvLdi?hÁPUY.iPJYslAg@BK[NO@B¦AfIPJ<dAgANclAhQPJAf¬rVX m. i. . h. . . V = IE F1 + αIE F2 + αIE F3 + αIE[· · · ] | I2 | I1. i. NoKP. .. RAWUA I WUAcdWUAIJAiPUIPJ<dA !D . ! $" $ & . 0 t lPJ<?K[PEIlPU<dA"KMWJK[sd AI p K[i:f dKMI=A KMIPU<dAvWUKMi?fOY.@
(74) hQYAhAi.PI v w K[i:f v w YMW#AK.h< s ≤ t u 8 9 8 : ¶ 6 |}~9U 7 6 }| ;=<?AIJAvhK[is:Ah K.IJIJ?AfiPUYBIJA.AWK[ 3yMWUYML?c?I * ² ² 6 }O~ ³ ¶ 6 |}~' 7 6 }| YhOI#KMi?f@K.hQWUYMsd YOhIhKMis:AgANc? Y.PUAfYMid SYMi:hQAM t. ms. is. is. is. ms. ms. ÐÏ× Ð¨Ø.
(75)
(76) "!#$"%$&'!(&) *"!+,!+.-/!+0 1!+. tdC. (∀i). X. pit ≤ 1. N°mP. (∀m). X. umt ≤ 1.. N.=P. t. ,G ² 6 G 7¨} ² XG* ¶ 7}O}7 ¶ 6. ¶ 6 |}~'7 6 }| RAWUARcdWUAhAfOAi?hQAEhQYMi:ITPUWUKMiPUI«K[WUArIJAQP=KMI§YM YI¯WUIeP=Y[K[ °Ksd YhB@"L?ITP=slArANc? Y.PK[sd AM. . t. s?LOPOPUYBs:AgANc? Y.PK[sd AMPU<dAhQA WUyM<P#YMAWPUIJA @"L?IeP=slAgAQNPUWUK.hÁPJAfhYM@Bcd AQPUA Ss:AYMWUAM pit ≤ rit (∀i)(∀t),. X. rit ≤. N MP N.>P. pi− s (∀i)(∀t).. ]#f9ZeK.hQAi.PRhA AQNOcd YMPUK[PJYMi?I=<?K9.ARPUYs:AIJ@x K[W s≤t. (∀i)(∀t)(∀j ∈ Ni ). PU<dAWUAgK[WUAghK[c:KMhQPTSslYMLdi?f?I=PJYBslAIJK[PJIT?Af (∀t). X. pis − pjs ≤ δ,. N.?P. s≤t. X. wit pit ≤ CtP ,. KMi?f?i?K[ SMOPU<dAgidAQNPhQY.i?IePJWK[i.P#@Bc:YIeAI= AMA ANdhQ L?IeYMiYMW=PU<dAgYMclAicdP@BAQPJ<?Yf. NeCnP. i. X. pis +. X. P ums ≤ 1 (∀m)(∀s ∈ Um )(∀t).. NTC.CP. · ² ~ I ~ ¶
(77) 6 · ² XG * ¶ 7¨}O}D7 ¶ 6 ¶ 6 |}~'7 6 }| \^K.hQWUYMsd YOhOIhKMis:AEAQNOcd YMPJAfPJ<dASK[WUARITPK[WJPJidyclYMiPUI«YMWYMidAYMPUI«idAyM<slYMWI<?K.I§slAAi ANOcd Y.PUAfs:AYMWUAM X X NTC9t P u ≤ f + u (∀m)(∀t). ;=<dAgiLd@"s:AW#Y[XITPK[WJPJidyxc:Y.iPUII=slYMLdi:fOAfiAKMh<IeAhÁPUYMW#KMIY. YI X NTCu P f ≤ s (∀g). AMA AQNdhQ L?IJY.iANOcd Y.PKPUY.i@K9SslAg@BclY.IJAfKMI X X NTCKo P u + u ≤ 1 (∀m)(∀n ∈ U )(∀t). 6. s≥t. s≤t. . mt. m. ns. n∈Nm s<t. m. g. m∈Sg. ms. s≥t. ××Ù"[U\ ]$^ ^. ns. s≤t. U m.
(78) t.t. " " . ]#fdfdPUY.i?K[ S.OPJ<?AgiL?@slAW#Y[@KMhQWUYMs? YOhOIs:AidyBANc? Y.PUAfIe@L? PK[idAYML?IJ SI#slYMLdi:fOAf X NTC9mP (∀t) u ≤ K. ¯i?K[ SPJ<dAhK[c?K.hQPTShQY.i?ITPUWUKMiP=WJAKMfdI X NeDC =P w u ≤ C . (∀t) : ¶ ¶ 6 S?| CO~ ² ·ª ¶ 6 |}~' 7 6 }| ;=<dAgcd K[iP# @BPKPUY.iI=#WUPJPJAi^K.I X X NeC MP w p + w u ≤ C, (∀t) KMi?fPJ<dAvPUAh<didY. Y.yMhKM lANdhQ L?IeYMiWUAKMf?I NTC >P (∀m)(∀i ∈ I ) U +P ≤ 1. ² ~|} ¶ · ² * 8 9 < {| ² ~ WdOD} 7 ¶ 6 | )¶ F } C ]rIK[i¡ANPUAi?IJYMi¡Y[PJ<dAhQLdWUWJAiPJ SL?IJAfpcdWUYMyMWK[@I @BYOfOA NÇKo PE1 NTDC >KPEWJAcdWUAIJAiPUIEcdWUYMclAWU S&PJ<dA c?WJY.sd A@ PK.IIJAQPLdcYMWPJYEAIePUKMsd IJ<gAK.Iesd A«ANc? Y.PKPJYMi"Ie A .L?Ai?hAIPJYRY.sOPUKMi"<dyM<WUA.AiLdAI Y.W=PJ<dAhYM@Bc?KMiS. ¯?WJY.@ PU<dAIePJYOh<?KMIePJhBcdWUYMy.WUKM@x@BidyPJ<dAYMWUAQPJhKM clYMi.P"Y[=AgPJ<?idyIKMWJAidYMPPJ<:KPy.YYOf ]IJAPhYM?i?Wf^ITPIe#PUKMPJ<dyMAApfO@BAYOhQfOIeAYM Ei^IKMidWJYMK[PsdK AIR Ir ITPUYO/h<?KMIePJ$h[( &)A/KIJ fO xAIr:fOslAA?hK[idL?idIJyA^WPJK[<?i:A¤fO@YM@ËKPUWJhQYN¾A @hLdA PJi.PcdI# SY.idWRyªAK.PJ<dh< A IePJWUL?hQPJLdWUA"KMi?fclAWUYOf¤fOYAIEidY[PgIJAA@ i:KPJL?WUKM Y.WvKIePJYOh<?KMIePJhc?WJY.yMWK[@gari&PJ<dAxY[PU<dAWv<?KMi?f IJL?h<pfOIePJWUsdLOPJYMi:IEKMWJA"MAWJS^fO hQLd PvPJYsdLd f&cdWUYMclAWU S.s:AhK[L:IeAxY[ N0u PrK[i?fPJ<dABWUA KPUY.i?Ie<?c?I PU<?KPv<?K9.AgPJYAQNOIePRipKyMAYM@BAQPUWJhKM =K9OS N0hQ Y.IJA"IePJWUL?hÁPULdWUAIr<?K9MAWUA KPUAf^AhQY.idYM@BhK[ K[ LdA$I PÁ KMi?f^i¤KPJA@xclYMWK[ YMi?A N§PU<dABhQYMc?c:AWrcdWUhQABh<?K[idy.AI:Pgh<?K[idy.AIRYMWrPJ<dAxidYMPvIJYM f^sd YOhIEK[i:f @K.hQWUYMsd YOh$I PÁ mt. m. mt. U t. mt. m. it it. mt. mt. t. m. i. m. mT. iT. . . . ]
(79) s:APePUAWK[cdc?WJYKMh< N¨WUYM@ PJ<?APU<dAY.WJAPJhK[ IefOAKP" AK.ITP PhK[i©slAfdYMidAPU<dAi?AQNPBIUh<dA@BKI hYMi?IJfOAWUAf CM#;=<dAvLd IJA LdAi:hQAvY[AQNOcd YMPUK[PJYMiIdNOAf tO#] PJ<?AgWUKMi?fOYM@
(80) 9KMWJK[s? AIKMWJAvWUAKM ¦Af ud_YM@BAhYMWUWJAhÁPJMAEKMhQPJYMi?I#KMWJAvclAWJYMWU@xAf. ÐÏ× Ð¨Ø.
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