• Aucun résultat trouvé

A prospective study of hormonal treatment and anxiety disorders in community-dwelling elderly women (the Esprit Study).

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "A prospective study of hormonal treatment and anxiety disorders in community-dwelling elderly women (the Esprit Study)."

Copied!
14
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: inserm-00337040

https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00337040

Submitted on 5 Nov 2008

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access

archive for the deposit and dissemination of

sci-entific research documents, whether they are

pub-lished or not. The documents may come from

teaching and research institutions in France or

abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est

destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents

scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,

émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de

recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires

publics ou privés.

A prospective study of hormonal treatment and anxiety

disorders in community-dwelling elderly women (the

Esprit Study).

Jacqueline Scali, Joanne Ryan, Isabelle Carrière, Karen Ritchie, Marie-Laure

Ancelin

To cite this version:

Jacqueline Scali, Joanne Ryan, Isabelle Carrière, Karen Ritchie, Marie-Laure Ancelin.

A

prospective study of hormonal treatment and anxiety disorders in community-dwelling elderly

women (the Esprit Study)..

Journal of Affective Disorders, Elsevier, 2009, 115 (1-2), pp.274-9.

�10.1016/j.jad.2008.09.007�. �inserm-00337040�

(2)

'&()* ,+.-/ 0213

4365,+87 -9;:21! 

<=>?&  @4 A&B C+ 7

DFEHG IJE8KL MONQPAKRJSMOT8UWVXIY[Z8IWG\@I]8^3_.MG`K^M\aKC]bMc^]8Ud^]befNBK MgVXU8NBJ!I G`UhKGJiNB]dLI\j\@T8]8NMkV lOUWm?K _B_N]hn

K _UhKG _QVom?I\jK]@prqZhKts[JEhG`NMu MOT8UWV v

wxyz({A|}~ |€ ‚„ƒt…%†ˆ‡?w6‰Wx` |‹Š[ŒƒtŽ‡†!Ox 3|‘}}|’‚ƒ“ŠŠ[†k”%Š”‡'•ix –O|—Š[†O˜%‚š™†k”›x fœž‹x –O~B|CŸ,… x){ –O|

ƒŽR‚š”š…%†Žo¡

†rWˆ| –O¢o‡f£¤¤¤;‡¥‰(¦g§ | }#}B~| –ˆ‡f¨HŸª©« ¬­©i¨b–Ox  y|'®£o~Q¯°‹‰3¦g§ | }#}B~| –2±`‡d‰(¦g§ |`}}~| –O‡¨HŸr©« ¬¬¬'¨8–OxyC|²

³

LI GG`KJ!E8I]8UhN]8n´^T MOZ8IGµ

†rWˆ| –O¢—£°¤¤¤;‡… x2‚‰W}#‰W¢ ~| –O|„™?‰bª§W~¶¦ªx‘}*‡3§ x)¯?«· ‡

©­‡Wx)¯3| ({b|„¨H}x‘¸fx){A}¹¦ª‡fº»¼©«« ­©‡©« ¬­©'d‰(¦g§ |`}}~| –‚|œ|½R¾;‡f¨b–Ox  y|

¢°x`–S~|Ÿr}x){ –O|;²¹x`y|}B~# ¿À~# | –O¢R²¶Á–

(3)

! #"%$#&('*),+#- ./1032$0 4)50 6&7/8$&49-:+;=<?>@&(0 6BAC-/8&EDFAC'*29&(-:6 G?'C&H/I;KJ 'L>@0 49J&47'*6K&EACJM&4A*;ON,0 )5&6B$-3>16#0P/

Q &E&65&R-SAT<-/&EJU

VXW YTZ [ \#]^6 G?'_& /I;`J'C>H0 4HJ&4 >aN,&4H&^&R- AT<-/I&EJ5'*6Ob3c?b,. 0)()(<6'd/F;D8J N,&EA_Ae'L6f(+?0>8/I)5&60S+-:<?>H- AgN,0 )5&6=-Ef&EJ5hi

;#&-S4 >X-E6Jj0 R&4 kl49-E6J 0 )5A*;m49&.E48<#'

/&EJj284H0 )n&EAC&E./80 49-SAK403A_AL>:U]^6 G'C&H/8;mJ'C>@034J&4 >oN,&4H&p- >>H&E>>&EJq<?>H'*6fr->I/8-E6J - 4J3'*sS&EJ=+?>;.$#'e-/849'*.t&G-S)5'T6-/8'_0 6 Q -3>@&Ju0 6Ov(wxyDFz8{j.E49'd/&4'e- k|-/ Q - >}&EAe'L6&,-S6J=- >1+-E4~/032%/$&,#D€- 6#J`#D

;#&-S4%280 ACAC0 N,D_<+!U

‚1W[ƒ~YT[ \„x…<Ad/8'*R-S49'*-/8&(A*0 f#'L>I/8'C.(4H&f49&E>>'*0 6B-E6- A*;>@&P>†-3JH‡<>8/8&EJ=290 4ˆ>@0 . 'C0DIJ&)50 f49-:+$'*.(R- 4'*- Q AC&E>k|)5&-3> <49&E>^0M2

+M$;>H'C.E- A$&-3Ad/F$y-E6J‰. 0 fM6'd/8'*R&B'*)(+-S'e4I)5&6 /9kŠ- >(N&EAeA1-3>t.<484&6:/J&@+4H&E>>H'*R&B>H;)(+ /80 )(-/0AC0Sf;‹'*6J 'C.E-/8&EJ‰60

>}'ŒfM6'*29'*.E-S6:/- >>H0 . '*-/I'e06 Q &H/8N,&E&6X$0 48)50 6&=/I$&4-E+;y-E6Jy-:63G#'C& /I;‹J'C>0 4J&4H>t-/ Q -3>}&AC'L6&…0 4(- 2C/8&4^/F$&BDF;#&-S4

280MACAC0 N,D_<+O+&49'C0Jk|49&f-S49J AC&E>>^0 2%/I; +?&(0 2/I49&-/I)5&6:/@U?Ž0 )(+-S49&J/0=N,0)5&6KN^$#0=$-ER&6&R&4/8-:‘&6O$0 48)506-SA /$&4-E+;k60(>'*fM6'*29'*.E-E6 /%JM'e282&4H&6.S&1N†- >Š0 Q >@&4IR&EJ(290 4’N,0 )5&6,/8-:‘'*6f5.E06:/'*6 <0 <>HA*;($0 4)50 6&Š/F$&49-:+;50 R&4/I$& 280MACAC0 N,D_<+50 4/F$0>@&“N”$0>I/80S++?&EJ7/F$&E'*4/I49&-/F)5&6 /U •  EƒC[–C [ \"%$&7<>&0 2€$0 49)506&“/I$&4-E+;=N^-3>60E/€-3>@>H0 . '*-/8&EJtN,'d/I$O'*),+#490 R&EJt-S63G#'C& /I;l>};)(+3/I0 )-/90MAC0 f ;O'*6 &EA_J&4A*;+?0>8/I)5&60S+-E<>H- AMN^0 )5&6!U —t˜“™›šœž^Ÿ, %\M]76 G'C&H/8;¡¢>I/849-SJ3'*0AF¡£|0>I/8)5&60S+-:<?>H-SA~¡£40Sf&P>I/90 f#&6?¡"€48-E6>HJM&4)(- A

(4)

c '*R&6O/8$#&O&G /9&6>@'*R&(+#4 0E/&./I'*R&O&E282&E./9>(0 2^& >8/I490Sf&6>t0 6…6&<40P/I49-E6>)5'd/C/&4,>;>8/&)`>8>@&E&`20 4^49&R'_&N”>

1&$ACk ¡ -E4.E'*-3Dw&@f <49-”& /„-SAUdkM 9kE/F$& <&E>8/9'_0 6.<#4949&@6 /8A*; Q &E'L6f4- 'C>H&EJ('C>’N^$&H/I$&4’$0 49)506-SA3/I$&49-:+;

")-:;`+A*-E;K-t490 AC&t'*65/8$&)(-S6- f#&)5&63/“0 26&<490S+?> ;.$'*-/84'*.5J 'C>0 49JM&4H>^'*6B&EACJ&4 AT;BN,0 )5&6BN^$0>@&5>8/9&490 'FJ

A_&R&EAC>k+- 4F/8'*.<A*- 49AT; &E>8/840 f&6k1- 4&KJ 49-:)-/8'C.E-SAeAL; AC0 N,&4H&EJy- 2C/&4/F$&B)5&60 +#-E<?>H& U€"%$#&B)-‡0 49'd/8;›032+#4 &R'C0S<?>

>I/F<J 'C&E>Š'*6^/F$'C>€- 4&-†$-:R&7290 .<?>@&EJ(0 6^/F$&^&292&./9>0 2" 0 65J&)5&6 /8'*-^-E6J('T6^/8$#&/84H&-/F)5&6 /%0 2…J&+#49&E>>'*0 68>@&E&

280 449&R'_&N”>]^6. &EAC'*6 -S6J! 1'd/8.E$'_&Pk€"i#¡€]^6. &EAC'L6 &H/,-SA8Uk€#$U„v^&E>+'d/9&=)5&/I$0 J0A_0 f'*.E- A1AC'*)5'd/8-/I'C0 6>(-:6J

.E06:/I49- J '*./034I;`4H&@+?0 4~/>k#)50>8/€49&. &6 /„/84'e-SAC>7'*6=N,0 )5&6ON^'d/I$`. A_'*6'C.E- ACAT;OJ'*-EfM60>&EJ=J&+4&P>@>'*0 6k4&+0 4~/€-+0>H'd/'ŒR&

&E282&E./Š02“>}$0 4~/9D*/I&4)j/849-:6M>}J&4)(- A€&P>I/8490 f#&6/I$&49-:+;%F¢%"Š'L6`+&49'*)5&60+-E<?>}- A„N^0 )5&6!w.:$)5'CJE/“&H/Š-SAUdk|"#¡

w#0 - 49&E>&H/“-SAUdk„ 9k|N^'d/F$O/F$&t-E6 /8'CJ&@+4H&E>>H-E6 /149&E>+0 6>&t'*6 JM&+4H&E>>@&Ju+0>8/I)5&60 +-:<?>H- A N,0 )5&6 Q &E'*6MfK)<?.:$

N&-S‘&48ŽŠ0S$&65&H/„- A8UdkMcM¡x 0 484'L>}0 65&H/„- A8UdkM HU

"%$&^>+&.S'e2'*.,&292&./’02&,"y0S65-E6 G'C&H/I;`J 'C>0 49JM&4H>Š49&)(- 'L6M>1A*- 4If&EA*;(<6‘6#0 N^6U#w3/F<#J3'_&P>. 0S6JS<?./&EJ^/80(J -/&

$-:R& >&EA*J0) <?>&EJ R-SAC'CJ -/I&EJ +>H;.E$#'e-/849'*.m'*6>8/I48<#)5&6:/H> 0 4 .EA_'*6'*.E- A‹JM'e-:f60>@'L>@k 4&AL;'*6f +4'*6. 'T+- A*A*; 0 6

S<&P>I/8'C0 66-S'e4H&E>&R- AT<-/I'Œ6MfO+?>;.:$0>H0 )(-/'*.5)5&6#0 +#-E<?>H-SA>;)+3/0 )5>k„N&EAeAFD Q &E'*6 fk„0 4'S<- AC'd/F;…0 27Ae'_29& U)(4&*S<&6:/ -:6 G'C&H/8;y- 6J‹JM&+4H&E>>H'C06o.S0DF)50 4 Q '_J'd/8;y2F<4~/F$#&4t.E0 )(+?A*'C.S-/8&E>/F$&…'C>><& U%] Q &6#&E29'*. '*- A7&E282&E./(0 25&E>8/8490f&6‹0 6 -:6 G'C&H/8;KJM'L>@0 49J&4 >†)5'*f$ /$0 N,&R#&4Hk Q &(&@G+?&E./&EJk|. 0 6>@'CJ&49'*6fB'/>7490A_&50 6OR-S49'*0S<?> Q 4- '*65/8-S48f& />7-3>†N,&EACA„-3>”'d/ -:6 G'C0AT; /9'*.t+40 +&4~/8'C&E>0 Q >@&4R&EJB'*6K-S6'*)(-3A’)50J&EAF>+8>@&E&=2803474&E. &6 /“4H&R'C&N,.-p-SA*2ˆ-:6J/(|48;&Ek„Mh$U0†6l/F$&

0E/I$&4^$-E6#Jk +40 f&E>8/80 f&6y0 4,'d/9>-S./8'*R&t)5&/8- Q 0AC'd/&P>k’290S<#6J…'*6O/8$#&=)-H‡0 4'/; 0 2^. 0) Q '*6&EJ1," +49&@+-S48-/8'*0 6>k

-:++&- 4/80”$-ER&70S++0>@'*6f(-E6 G'C0AL;:/I'e.7-:6J,-:6 G'C0 f&6#'C. Q &$-ER'C0 4H>2 Š<++4&.:$:/k"c#¡#w3/F490S<?>€&H/„- A8UkMMh$ U

'*R&6^/8$#&“4H&EA*-/8'TR&EA*;($#'*f$+4H&R-SAC&6. &^0 2„-E6 G'C&H/8;5J'C>@0 49J&E4H>€'Œ650MACJ&4%N^0 )5&6/ “'d/8.E$#'C&7& /’- A8Udk" 9kM-E6J

JM'e282&4H&6. & >u'*6›R <A*6&49- Q 'CA*'d/8; -S.E490>>u'*6J '*R'_J <#- AC>kŠ/F$#&B+?0E/&6:/I'e-SA,&E282&E./9>u0323,"m'*6 /I49&-/8'T6f /I$&E>&‰J'C>0 4J&4H>

4&)-S'*6K-:6K'*)(+034F/8-E6 /S<&P>I/9'C06`/80 Q &(- J J 4H&P>>@&EJU,0 N&R&4Hk|N^$'CAC&t'd/“'C>†<6A*'*‘&EA*;=/80 Q &(-E6>HN&4H&EJO'*6=/F$&(6#&-S4

2F< /F<49& Q ; A*- 48f#& D8>H.E- AC&4 7ŽŠ"Š>=0 25AC06fD*/9&4)5,"r<?>H&4 >k1'd/t'L>u.<449&@6:/A*; 2&- >H'Q A_&O/80y<?>@& &@G?'C>8/I'*6fpJ3-/8-y2~40 )

A_0 6 f'd/F<?J '*6-SAŠ+0 +M<A*-/8'C06MDQ -3>H&EJy>8/F<J'_&P>N,'d/I$ - J&S<-/9&O'L620 49)(-/I'C0 6 06 $0 4)50S6&K&@G+0><4H&=-E6JB+?>};.E$'*-/849'*.

&R-SAŒ<#-/8'C06gU

"%$&t+4H&P>@&6 /,>8/<J ; - 'L)5&EJO/90‰J& /&49)5'L6&=N^$&H/I$&46," .E0S<?A*J…-SACAC&R'*-/&=-E6 G'C&H/I; >H;)+3/0 )(-/0A*0 f; 'L6

(5)

 'L6J&@+?&6JM&6:/A*;O. 06:/I49'Q <3/&ˆ/I0`-S6 G'C&H/I;KJ'C>0 4J&41-E6J ,"X+4&P>H.E4'T+3/8'C0 6U$- &,-SAL>@0(/90M0 ‘K'T6 /90=- .E.S0S<6 /1J&+#4 &E>>H'_0 6

.E0#DF)50 4Q '_J'd/F;k- >’N†&EA_A- >„/F$&/F; +&ˆ0 2 ," <?>H&J?U

  # @ 1    ) ?Y* € aƒ*Y*–C  "%$&^J -/I-^<?>}&EJ(290 4!/$'C>-E6- A*;>@'C>ŠN&4H&^J&49'LR&EJ(28490 )r-,AC06f'd/F<J'L6-SA>8/F<J;`0 2%6#&<4H0S+?>;#.E$'*-/84'e.J 'C>0 49JM&4

'L65. 0 )t)(<6'd/8;DIJ N,&EACAC'L63f(4&6.:$O&EACJ&49A*;/*/F$&^¢> +49'd/>I/F<J ;2 “'d/8.E$#'C&,&H/%-SA8Uk# U ¢%A_'*f'Q AC&7+#- 4~/I'e.E'T+-:6 /9>k#N”$0

N&4H&›-/BAC&-3>8/…hi ;#&-S4 >‰0 2…-Ef&›-E6J 606MDI'*6>8/8'd/F<3/I'C0 6- AC'*sS&EJkN,&4H& 4&E.E48<'d/&EJ 284H0 ) /F$&p&EAC&E./0 49-SA5490 ACAC>y0M2

x‰0 6 /F+&ACA_'C&4 8>H0S<3/I$&486%(|49-:6.S&*9k Q & /IN,&E&6Xu-E6JO U¢|/F$'e. >”-E+M+490SR- A%20 4a/$&5>8/F<J;ON^-3>†f'*R&6 Q ;`/F$&

6-/8'C0 6- A&H/F$'*. >€.S0 )5)5'd/C/&E&3US]^2C/&4’0 Q /8- '*6#'*6 f(N†4'd/C/9&65'L620 48)5&EJ(. 06M>@&6 /„28490 ) - AeAM+-S4~/8'*.E'T+-E6 /9>@k'*6 /&4IR'C&N,>€N&4H& -SJ )5'*6'C>8/&4H&EJ Q ;^/849-S'T6&EJ>I/8- 282„-/ Q - >H&EA*'*6&7-E6J(&R#&4;^/FN,0;&- 4H>„/F$&49&- 2C/&4U 072/F$#&“N0 )5&654H&.E4I<'d/9&EJ-3>’+-S4C/„0 2

/$&=¢>+4'/w3/F<#J ;kŠ0 6A*;y60S6?DIJ&)5&63/&EJ…N,0 )5&6yN,'d/I$ .S0 )(+AC&H/9&u290ACA_0 N,D_<+?k€N”$0‰N,&4H&=-3>>@&P>@>&J 2034.<449&6 /

-:6 G'C&H/8;5J'C>H0 4J&4H>k$- J(J&H/8-S'eA_&EJ('*6290 4I)-/8'C0 6(4H&A*-/I'*6f^/907/8$#&Š<?>@&702 ," -:6J$-SJ60)5'C>>'L6f5J -/8-^280 4/$&1)-S'*6

.E0R-S49'*-/I&P>€.E0 6>@'CJ&4H&EJ,'*6^/F$&1)<?Ad/8'LR-S49'*-/I&“AC0 f#'L>I/8'*.7)50J&EA~>2_6’b3c#b|N,&4H&“'*6. AT<J&EJ'*6†/$'C>€-E6- A*;>H'C>EU

 7  –CW Y"!t–*[ HWE

"%$&5JM'e-:f60>@'L>0 27AC'*29&H/'*)5&5-:63G'C&H/8;…J'C>@034J&4 > Ff&6&49-SA%-E6 G'C&H/8;…J 'L>@0 49J&4+ ]^v 9k|+#$0 Q '*-3k„0 Q >@&P>@>'C0S6- A

.E0)(+<AC>'LR&…J 'L>@0 49J&4 ka+-E6#'e.…-:6J…+0>8/9D*/84-E<)(-/I'e.…>8/84H&E>>=J'C>H0 4HJ&4 N^-3>`)- J&=<>'*6Mf /I$&Kx‰'*6'CDFz86 /&4I6-/8'C06-SA

#&<4H0S+?>;#.$'*-/84I;Kz86 /&4IR'C&N Fx z$#(z9k„-O>8/I-E6J - 49JM'esS&EJO+>;.E$'*-/I49'*.=&G-S)5'T6-/8'_0 6KN”$'*.E$…$-3> Q &E&6…R- A*'CJ -/&EJB'*6

/$&…f&6#&4- A”+0S+<?A*-/8'C0 6 w#$&E&$-S6p& /t- AUdk#bt- .E.E0 49J'L63f‹/0 /8$#&…v,'*-EfM60>8/9'*.‰- 6J w3/8-/8'C>8/8'*.E- A”x -E6 <-SA,0M2

x‰&6 /8- Av'C>H0 49J&4 >Fv(wxyDFz8{ .E4'd/9&49'*-  “'d/8.$'C&&H/%- A8Udk#$ UŽ€- >H&E>ŠJ&H/9&E./&EJ Q ;,/F$&^x‰z$#(z%N&4H&749&R'_&N,&EJ Q ;

-”+-E6&A0 2„+>;.E$'*-/I49'C>8/9>’/80R- AC'CJ -/8&Š/F$&^'*6#'/I'e-SAJ '*-Sf60>H'C>EU zF65AC0 6Mf'd/F<J'*6-SA-E6- A*;>@&P>@k#'*6. 'CJ&6 /’.E-3>H&E>1032’-E6 G'C&/I;

> ;),+ /90 )(-/0 AC0 f;uN,&4H&('CJM&6:/'*29'C&EJu28490 ) N,0 )5&6K284H&E&(0 27-E6 G'C&H/8;BJ'C>H0 4 JM&41-/ Q - >H&AC'*6& Q <3/N^$0O>< Q >&S<&6:/IA*;

$-SJ,'*6#.E'CJ&6 /„-E6 G'C& /I;(J'C>H0 4 JM&4%JS<4'T6f-/„A*&- >8/„0 6&102/F$&/N,0,20 ACAC0 N,D_<+=&G-S)5'*6-/8'*0 6>EU

%'&=(” WˆYeZWEH)tM*(^W# ’ [@ƒZMH Y*WE@–*[PY*–C[

(6)

i +#-3>8/ †"…/F; +&7-E6J=JS<49-/8'*0S6l0 2„<>&Ek#-3>N,&EACA- >Š-:f&^-/’)5&60S+-:<?>H&+IJ&29'*6&EJt-3>0 6&”;&-S4%N'/I$0S<3/’)5&6>& > %-E6J

/;3+&r032›)5&6#0 +#-E<?>@& F–$*W …6-/F<48- A



[' > <4If'e.E-SAy034p280MAeA_0 N,'*6f -j/849&-/)5&6:/p><#.E$ - > .$&)50E/8$&49-:+; 0 4

4- J '*0E/8$&49-:+;U

^YTZWE (”W[ W[

£-E4~/I'e.E'T+-:6 /9>’N,&4 &1. A*-3>@>H'*29'C&EJ-3>€J'C>H- Q AC&EJ'*2?/I$&;(N,&4H&Š<#6- Q Ae&€/90. 0),+AC&H/9&1-/„AC&-3>8/„06&/8- >‘(28490 ) &E'd/F$#&4

/$&KzI6>8/848<M)5&6:/I- A7]^./8'*R#'/'C&E>=0 2(v^- '_A*;€'*R'T6f Fz8]v  ’-EN“/80 6k2#bb(0 4^/I$&O]./8'*R'd/8'C& >l032(v”- 'CA*;'LR'L6f

_]^v   ^-/8sr& /X- A8Udk 'hc$›>H.E- A*&E>EUOŽŠ0 fM6'd/8'*R&j2F<M6./8'C0 6 N^-3>p- >>H&E>>H&EJr<?>@'*6 f /$&jx 'L6'CDFx &6 /8-SAyw3/8-/8&

¢ G-E)5'*6-/8'*0 6 Fx xXw¢  (0MAL>I/9&E'T6 &H/7- A8Udk„'#i$7-:6JO/F$0>@&l>}. 0 49'*6Mf AC&P>@>7/8$-E6 #h4F. 0 494&P>+0 6J '*6MfK/80O/F$&ji 

+#&4. &6 /9'*AC&N,&4 &.EA*-3>>}'e2'C&EJ=-3>1$-:R'*6fOAC0 N&41. 0 f6'd/'*R&28<6./'C0S6gU#zI6M>@0 )(6'*-N†- >7J&29'*6#&EJ`- >^>H.E0 49'L6f=+0>'d/8'*R&

06l-/ŠAC&-3>8/’/FN^0/S<?&E>8/'C0S6M>†284 0)q/I$&(iD8'd/&) >@AC&E&+ ><

Q

>H.E- A_&(032%/I$& #50E/C/I'*6f$-S) (&- Ad/8$O£|490 28'CAC& S<&P>8/'C0 6M6-S'*49&

 1'

Q

&H/€-E6J5v&449'C&6M6'*. k.'$UŽa$40S6'_.,J'C>@0 49J&4 >N,&4H&,J&E28'L6&EJ5- >Š$-:R'*6f=-$'C>8/I034;=024&P> +'*49-/I034I;`J'C>@0 49J&4 k

.E-:6. &4 k’$; +&4F/9&6>H'C06Mka$; +?&49.:$0 AC&E>8/9&4H0 AC&)5'C-3k€JM'e- Q &H/&P>k-E6J‰R-3>H.<A*-S4,J 'C>&-3>@&E>F'L6.EAT<?J'L6f -E6f#'*6-O+&./0 49'C>k

)(;#0.E- 4J3'*-SA^'*628-S49./8'*0 6k^>8/I490S‘&Ek7.E- 4J3'*0 R- >H.<A*- 4O><4If&4I;Mk Q 48- JS;.E- 4J3'*-y0 4t+- AT+'d/8-/8'*0 6> U ,'C>8/0 48; 0 25.:$490 6'_. JM'L>}034HJ&41N^-3>&E>8/8-Q Ae'C>}$&EJO-S.E. 0 49J'T6f=/90K>I/8-E6J -S49J '*s &EJ1 <&E>8/9'_0 6>”N,'d/I$K- JMJ3'd/'C0 6- A’'*6290 4I)-/8'C0 6…0 Q /8- 'L6&EJO28490M) f#&6&4- AM+49-S./8'd/8'*0 6&4 >aN^$&4 &16&. &E>>H-S48;US"%$&ˆŽ1&6 /84&ˆ20 4%¢„+'CJM&)5'C0AC0 fM;`w /F<J 'C& >€v&+4&P>@>'C06`w#.E- AC&'8ŽŠ¢ŠwDFv „'L>

- R- A*'CJ -/&J S<?&E>8/8'_0 66- '*4H&›N^$'*.E$ N†- >‰<?>@&J /80j)5&-3>}<4& .<449&6 /‰J&+#49&E>>'LR& >};)(+3/I0 )`>‹'L6 /$& &EACJM&4A*;

+#0 +M<A*-/8'C06 “&4‘)(- 6O&H/€- A8UdkÄ'#b3h$U zC/’$-3> Q &E&6l> <ff&E>8/&EJ,/F$-/€-(.<3/I03282’+0 '*6 /€02€ct034€)50 4&^.E-S6 Q &7<>&EJ/80

'_J&6 /8'C28;()(-9‡@034’J&+#49&E>>'TR&7J'C>@0 49J&4Fx v”v   “- J A*0282„-E6#J%0 .E‘&Ek8#b3h$U

?YTY*–*[EY*–Cƒ7ƒ#[}–L[

"%N^0D*/8- '_AC&EJ .:$'CD8>S<-S49&EJ /9&E>8/9>r0 4 /D*/9&E>8/9> N,&4H&m<?>@&EJ /80 . 0 )+-S49& .E-/8&f#034'*.E- A›- 6#J .S0 6 /8'*6 <?0S<?>

.$-S49- ./I&4'L>I/8'*. >›49&E>+?&E./I'*R&EA*;k Q &H/FN,&E&6 N,0 )5&6mN,'d/I$ -:6JrN^'/I$0S<3/y-:63G#'C& /I; J 'C>0 49JM&4U072y-SAeA=/F$& >0 .S'C0D

JM&)50 f49-E+M$'*.,0 4€$&- Ad/I$5R- 4'e- Q AC&E>1&G-S)5'*6#&EJFAC'C>8/&EJ5'*65"€- Q Ae&´9k /F$0>@&^N^$'C.:$5N,&4H&7290S<6#J^/90 Q &,>H'*fM6'*29'*.E-E6 /A*;

- >>H0 .E'*-/8&EJ N,'d/F$ -E6 G'C&H/8; -/7+&UBi N^&4H&=.E0 6>'_J&4H&EJ…'*6…/F$&=)<Ad/'*R- 49'*-/8&=-E6- AT;>'C>EU„"’$&=29'T6-3A)50J&EAC>N&4H&

-SJH‡9<>8/9&EJ 20 4 &EJS<.E-/8'C0 6 AC&R#&EALk N,'CJ0N^$00 Jkr. 0 fM6'd/8'*R& 'L),+-S'*49)5&6 /9kr'L6M>@0 )(6'*- kr.<4849&6 / JM&+4H&E>>H'*R&

> ;),+ /90 )(-/0 AC0 f; -S6J…-:6 /9'CJM&+4&P>@>H-E6 /“/I4 &-/)5&6:/@U%zF6‹A*0 6f'd/F<JM'*6- AŠ-S6- A*;>H'C>N,&=<?>@&EJ…)(<Ad/8'CDF- J ‡<?>I/9&EJ‰AC0 f'C>8/8'_.

(7)

h /$0>&‰N^$0›$-ER&y>8/0 +M+?&EJpJS<4'*6 fo/I$& #DF;&- 4O280MAeA_0 ND_<#+ .E0 ),+#- 49&EJy/0‹6&R#&4=<>&4 >k†<?>H'T6fp)<A/I'~DF- J‡<?>I/8&EJ

)50MJ&EAC>EUwM]w=R#&4H>H'C0 6 UB

wM](wOzF6M>I/8'd/F<3/&PkgzF6.Udk#(0 4~/$lŽŠ-S490 A*'*6-’N^-3><?>H&EJt290 4%/F$&,>I/8-/8'C>8/I'e.E-SA-:6-SA*;>H'C>1N,'d/F$=->}'ŒfM6'*29'*.E-S6.S&7AC&R&EA#02|+ Ui#U

ž   * 

%Š €ƒ*Y*–C (ZH# Y*WE–*[PYL–C[

"%$&=b3c#b=N0 )5&6 '*6. AT<J&EJK'L6`/8$#&+4H&P>@&6 /“-:6-SA*;>'C>”$- JB-t)5&-S6K-:f&=0 2 # Uk 48-E6 f'*6fB28490 ) hi5/0 c

;#&-S4 >EU#zF6K0S<47>H-E)+AC&EkšiU .<449&6 /8A*;=<?>@&EJ,"›-E6J=)Udi 49&@+0 4~/I&EJ5+#-3>8/€<>H&3U#"€49-:6M>}J&4)(- A%&E>8/84- J 'C0A N†- >

<>H&EJ Q ;5/F$&)-‡0 49'd/I;K0 2Š.<494&6:/ ,"‹<>H&4H>7&E'd/8$#&4<60S++0>@&EJ/!hUdi10 4“.E0 ) Q 'T6&EJON^'d/I$K0 49- A|+40Sf&P>I/9&4H0 6&

FMUdh^0 4(>; 6:/I$&H/8'C.=+#490Sf&E>8/9'L6 8c#bUdcU 0748-SAŠ&P>I/849-SJ3'*0A€N^- ><?>H&EJ

Q

; 0 6AL;¥iUTb 0 27N0 )5&6k€N,'d/F$ UTb

<>H'T6fO<#60S++0>&EJk&UTb .S0 )

Q

'Œ6#&EJON,'d/I$=+490 f#&P>8/&490 6&(-:6JjU N,'d/F$ >};6 /F$&H/9'*.+490 f#&P>8/I'*6U #t0 6&t0 2%/8$&E>&

(|49&@6.E$›N,0 )5&6›<?>&EJX0P/I$&4O&E>8/8490Sf&6pJ&4H'*R-/8'TR&E>%IW d 7& /I$'*6;AC&E>8/84- J 'C0ACk70 4=.E0 6‡<#f-/8&EJ›&S<?'*6#& &E>8/849-SJ 'C0A.9k

$#0 N,&R&4%-,>})-SACAM+490S+034F/8'C0 68hUTb 0 R&49- A*A.„N,&4H&1+49&E>H.E49' Q &EJ(0E/8$&4%2034)5>Š0 2 ," FW d  /8' Q 03A_0 6&Ek#.;3+#4 0E/&40 6&Ek 0 4„+#490Sf&E>8/80 f&6(- A_0 6&U % ŠW 

ƒCWEW1M5EWEƒ*Y*W[“ †  –CW Yt–L[}MHWEH[

"%$&p+#4 &R-SAC&6. & 0 2‹.<449&6 /y-E6 G'_& /I; J 'C>0 4J&4H>p&R- AT<-/8&EJ <?>'L6fq/$& x z$#(zXN^-3>›Udcuk=)(- '*6A_;

.E06M>@'C>8/8'*6Mf0 2 ]^v #U O-S6J +$0 Q 'e- !hUTb 9k”N^$'*.E$ )-S; Q &‹. 0DF)50 4Q 'CJU 0 Q >&E>>H'C06-SA5.S0 ),+M<?AC>H'*R&

JM'L>}034HJ&4 k’+#-E6'*.K0 4”+0>8/9D*/84-E<)(-/8'*.K>I/849&E>>tJ 'L>@0 49J&4 k&-S.$ -S.E.E0 <#6 /9&EJ…20 4,AC&E>>”/8$-E6 gUh 02^.<#4949&6 /”-E6 G'C&/I;

JM'L>}034HJ&4 >:U - 0 )5&6ON,'d/I$l.<#4949&6 /Š-:6 G'C&/F;ON&4H&)50 4H&(AC'*‘&EA*;5/0t$-SR&(A_0 N,&4ˆ&EJS<.E-/8'*0 6KAC&R#&EA_+ gU" 9k#/80 Q &

N'CJ0 N,&EJ/_+&Ui$9k#/80=$-:R&,-$'*f$#&412849&S<?&6#.E;K0 2Š. 0f6'd/8'*R&('L)(+- '*4)5&6 / _+ gU" 9k|'T6>0 )(6#'e-_+ gU" 

-:6Jp.<494&6 /OJM&+49&E>>@'C0S6 _+ U" 9k”-E6J /0 Q &y)50 4H&y2849&S<&6:/A*;‹/849&-/&JpN,'d/F$p-S6:/I'CJ&@+4H&P>>}-E6 /9>4_+&Ui$

 S  U

%%7[[ME–*Y*–C [W YŠW W &t  –CW Y5#–Œ[HWEH[

- &‹2'*4 >8/B&@G-S)'*6#&EJ /$& .E40>>D8>@&E./8'C0 6- At-3>>}03.S'*-/8'C06M> Q &H/IN,&E&6 ," <?>H&X-E6J -E6 G?'_& /I;jJ'C>H0 49J&4 >‰-/

(8)

# JM'L>}034HJ&4€-E6J+-3>I/%0 4.<#4849&@6:/ ,"‰<?>H&Ek#-E6J(49&f-S49J AC&E>>1032|/F$&Š/8; +&702&,"y.<484&6 /AŒ;(<>&EJ S  U "’$&^>H-S)`&

4&P> <Ad/9>’N,&4 &70 Q >@&4IR&EJN7$&65>+?&E.E'_28'C.E- A*A*; ]^v 034 +$0 Q 'C-7N^- >€&G-:)'L6&EJ IJ -/8-760E/%>$0N^6U

"%$&7&E2829&E./„0 2%.<449&@6 / ," 0 6('*6.E'_J&6 /„-E6 G?'_& /I;(N^-3>€&R- AT<-/8&J(AC0 6f'd/F<J'*6- A*A*;5JS<4'*6f^/F$&7D;&-S4%280 ACAC0 N,D

<M+ F"€- Q AC&”U 1&f-S49J AC& >>102„/I$&“/I;3+&032 ,"Šk#60=>H'*f6#'e2'C.E-E6 /€-3>@>H0 .E'e-/8'C0 6=N^-3>10 Q >@&4R&EJ Q &H/IN,&E&6O.<494&6:/ ,"

<>H& -S6J '*6. '*J&6 / -:6 G?'C&H/I; J'C>H0 4HJ&4‰JS<49'*6Mf 290 ACAC0N”D_<M+ U"’$&p>H-S)5&p49&E><Ad/9>yN&4H&p0 Q >@&4IR&EJj- 2C/I&4‰2F<4~/F$#&4

-SJH‡9<>8/8)5&6 /=2034t+- >8/t-E6 G'*& /I;pJ'C>0 49JM&4H>%_<?>}'*6f /I$& x‰z#(z=0 4=290 4=-E6 G'C&H/I; >H;M)(+3/80 )(-/0A*0 f; F-3>>}&P>>@&EJ Q ;

wM+'*&EAQ &4f&4Š"€48- 'd/€&R- AT<-/8'C0S6%w+'C&EAQ &4If&4 k.#b3c$€-3>N,&EACA|-3>1280 4Š-E6 G'C0 A*; /9'*.7/84H&-/F)5&6 / 8J -/I-60E/Š>}$0N^6UzI6

-SJ J'd/8'C0 6k#>8/849-/8'*28'*.E-/8'C06 Q ;5J&@+4H&P>>}'C0 65. 0)5034Q 'CJ'd/I;5J'CJ60E/ )50J'C2F;,/F$#&ˆ2'*6J'L6f>€- Ad/F$0S<#f$5-3>„/F$#&4H&1N,&4 &70 6#A*;

-O>)(- A_A%6 <#) Q &4”0321-E6 G'C0S<?>7N0 )5&6…N,'d/8$B. 0 )50 4 Q 'CJKJM&E+4&P>>}'C0 6 6|#$9k„JM&E29'T6'd/9&t. 0S6.EAT<?>@'C0 6>”. 0S<?A*Ju60E/ Q &

)(- J&O.S0 6#. &486'*6MfK/8$'C>f40S<+!U„]”)50 6f4," <?>@&4H>N^$#0…N,&4H&`284H&E&O0M2^-E6 G'C& /I; J 'C>@034J&4,-/ Q - >H&A_'*6&Ek€# 0 2

N0 )5&6K. 06:/I'*6 <?0S<?>@A*;5/800 ‘,"›JS<49'T6f5/I$&DF;&- 41280A*AC0 N,D_<+?k&#c . &-3>@&J(/84H&-/F)5&6 /9k|-:6JO0S6A*;5/IN,0=N,0 )5&:6 >I/8-E4~/8&JO-(/84&-/F)5&6 /“-S2C/9&47'*6. AT<?>H'C06gU#5&E'd/F$&47. &E>>H-/8'C0 6…02/I49&-/F)5&6 /70 47.E0 6 /9'*6 <0S<?>“/I49&-/F)5&6 /1)50J'_28'C&EJK4'C>‘ .E0)(+- 4&EJˆ/80”N,0 )5&6tN^$0”$- J”6&R&4„<?>@&EJ ,"7U Ÿ C    "%$&(+#4 &E>@&6:/^>I/F<J ;…'*6J'*.E-/8&P>7/I$-/,"›<>H&(N^-3>”6#0P/^>}'*f6'*29'*.E-:6:/A*;…-3>>}03.S'*-/8&EJBN^'d/8$…-u)50J 'C28'C&EJB49'C>H‘ 0M2 'L6.S'CJ&6 /t-E6 G?'_& /I; JM'L>}034J&4O'*6p&EACJ&49A*;‹+0>8/I)5&60 +-:<?>H- A†N,0 )5&6U '*R&6‹/F$& >}'Cs &‰02=0 <#4l>}-E)+AC&Ek7-‰+?0 N&4

.E-SA*.<A*-/8'C06 '*6J'_.E-/8&E>“/$-//$&()5'*6#'*)- A€J 'C2829&4H&6.S&5'*640 7>7N7$'*.E$B. 0S<?A_JO$-ER#& Q &E&6 J&H/&./&EJK'C>iD#i I'*6

- Q >H0 AT<3/&pR- AT<&P>U("’$'C>X- Q >@&6. & 0 2 -S6 - >>H0 . '*-/I'C0 6m. 0S<?A*Jr4H&2AC&./‰-jJ&E.E4&- >&EJr><?>H.S&+3/'Q '*AC'd/I; 0 2‹0 ACJM&4

+#0>I/8)5&60S+-:<?>H-SA#N†0)5&6?k.S0 )(+-S49&EJ7/80+?&49'L)5&60 +-:<?>H- AMN,0 )5&6k /807/I$& Q &6&E29'*.S'e-SA&E2829&E./9>€0M2"akM-3>’49&@+0 4~/&EJ

'L6†/F$#&“.E-3>}&ˆ0 2„J&+4&P>@>'C0S68Ž10 $&65&H/„- A8Udk c?¡3x‰03484'C>H0 6(& /„-SAUdkM " U

"00S<4„‘60N,AC&EJ f&EkS/8$'C>Š'C>„/I$&“2'e4H>8/„&@+?'CJM&)5'C0AC0 f#'e.E-SA?>I/F<?J;†/I$-/|$-3>€&R- AT<-/9&EJ Q 0P/$†/I$&7.E490>>D8>@&E./8'C06-SA

-:6JOAC0S6f'd/F<J '*6- A%&E282&E./Š0 2 ," 06l-:6 G'C&H/8;KJM'L>}034HJ&4 >@kJ 'C-:f 60>&EJt<?>H'L6fO-(R- AC'_J3-/8&EJO>8/8-:6J -S49J'*s &EJt+?>};.E$'*-/849'*.

&@G-S)5'*6-/I'C0 6U£49&@R'C0S<?>X>8/F<J'_&P>o$- R#&‹+4'*6. 'T+-SACA*; <?>@&EJj- 4 Q 'd/~4-E48; >H.E0 4H&P>X0 4…606MD8> +?&E.S'e2'*. S<?&E>8/'C0S66- '*4H&P>

280M.<?>H'*6f(0 6S<-SAe'd/I;0M2!A_'e2&PkN,&EACACDQ &E'*6fkM034 )5&60S+-E<?>}- A>};)+3/90)`>k 49-/F$&4/I$-E6,-S6 G'C&H/8;5J 'C>@034J&4 > +?&E.E'C28'_.E- ACA*;U

(9)

b > ;),+ /90 )5>)(-S; Q &t)50 49&5A_'*‘&EA*;O/80B. 0 )(+A*-S'*6 0 4“/80…>H&E&‘K/F49&-/I)5&6:/7-:6J`/F$ <?>7/I0 Q &(+4&P>}.E49'Q &EJ ," Q '*-3> Q ;

'L6J 'C.E-/8'*0 69k $0 N,&R#&4Hk.E0 6 /840ACA*'*6f(290 4%-1$'C>8/80 4;0 2„-E6 G'C&H/8;5>;)(+3/I0 )-/90MAC0 f ;5J'*J60E/„)(0J'*28;^/F$&14H&P><#A/>EU

(<4C/F$#&4)(034H&yN&‹0 Q >&48R#&EJp60pJ'*282&4H&6.S& Q &H/8N,&E&6 0S++0>@&EJp-E6J›<M60S++?0>@&EJ ,"7U A*0 Q - A(-E6 G'_& /I;

> ;),+ /90 )(-/0 AC0 f;X$- > Q &E&6 &R-3AT<-/8&EJ _<?>@'*6f /F$&yw /8-/8& DF"€48- 'd/9D_]”63G#'C& /I; zI63R#&6:/0 4; t'*6 0 6#&% 7ŽŠ"ŠkŠN^'d/F$@

)5&6#0 +-E<>H- A|N,0 )5&6=/849&-/&EJ Q ;5/84-E6>HJ&4)-SA%&P>I/849-SJ3'_0A„. 0 ) Q 'L6&EJO0 4160E/ŠN^'d/8$=+40 f&E>8/'*6U 0†2Š290S<4Š+#490Sf&E>8/9'L6M>

&R-SAŒ<#-/&EJ )5&EJ 4 0SG#; +490 f#&P>8/&490 6& -S. &H/8-/I&Pk 60 )5&f#&3>8/840 A -S. &H/8-/I& 034 60 4H& /F$#'L>I/9&490 6#& -S. &H/8-/&Pk -:6J

J;J 490 f&E>8/&40 6&9k„06AL; J ;J 4H0 f&E>8/&40 6&(N^- >,>$0 N”6`/80BJ&E.E49&-3>@&(-E6 G'C&H/I;K. 0 )(+#- 49&J5/0O.E0 6 /840AC>“/84&-/8&EJuN†'d/I$

&E>8/84- J 'C0Ag+AT<?>+A*- .S& Q 08Ž-Ef6- .E.S'„& /€- A8Udk 9k#-SA/$0S<#f$/$&(&282&E./Š0 2%+#Ae-S. & Q 0t- AC06&^N^- >Š6#0P/&G-S)('*6&EJUzI6

0S<4€>8/F<JS;k /$&Š6 <#) Q &4%0 2|N,0 )5&6(<?>H'L6f,<M60S++?0>@&EJ(&P>I/849-EJ'_03A#N^- >„/80 0,AC0No/807/&P>8//$'C>’+0>>@'Q 'CAC'd/I;U

01<4,>F/F<JS;…$-3>.E&4~/I- 'T6 A*'*)5'd/8-/8'_0 6>EU"’$&=J3-/8-O.E0S6. &46'L6f >}0 )5&O0 2Š/F$&=. 0SR- 4'e-/8&E>N,&4H&`>H&EA*2 DF4&+0 4~/8&SJ

N”$'*.E$y)-S; Q &K>< Q ‡&./7/80 4H&.E- ACA Q '*-3>N,'d/F$ -:6 G?'C0S<?>+-S4~/8'*.E'T+-:6:/>54&P> +0 6J'L6fy)5034H&=6#&f-/8'*R&EAL; -Q 0 < /ˆ/$&E'*4 $#&-SA/I$U$(0 N,&R&4 k|>H'*)5'CA*-S4Š-3>>H0 .E'*-/I'C0 6>1N,&4H&,>&E&6B'*6/I$&”<6- J‡<?>8/&EJ5-:6J=- J‡<?>I/8&EJ=-E6- A*;>@'C>k/F$ <?>7><#f f& >8/8'L6f /$-/%-:63; Q '*-3>J3'_J(60E/’$-ER&7-(>< Q >8/I-E6 /8'*- A'*6#28AŒ<&6.S&^0 6,/I$&74 &E><Ad/9>:U "%$&49&”'L>- AC>@0^/F$&7+0E/9&6 /8'*- A20 4 Q '*- >Š'*6,/I$'L>

-:6- AT;>'C>k1JS<?&=/0 /$&…&G. AT<?>}'C0 6 0 2(N0 )5&6‹N,'d/I$‹)5'C>>'L6f J -/8- kN7$0y$-SJ‹0 R&49-SAeA1+00 49&4($&- Ad/8$ 8J -/8-…60E/

> $0 N^6UzF6=- JJM'

/I'C0 6k/F$#&4H&'L>1-Q

'*- >“0 2’+49&E>H.E4'Œ+ /8'C0 6='*6`4&f-S49J>€/80tN,0 )5&6=N^$0t- 4&^f'*R&6 ,"‹-:6J/8$#&4H&290 49&Ek

JM&P>+'d/9&. 06:/I490 ACAC'*6 fO290 41-(6 <) Q &41032€R-S49'*- Q A_&P>74&EA*-/8&EJ(/80(/F$'C>k|0E/F$&4“28-S./80 4 >1N”$'*.E$ON,&49&6#0P/49&. 0 49J&EJk|)(-S;

$-:R&7'*629AT<?&6.S&EJˆ/F$#&“4H&P> <Ad/9>EU

v^&P> +?'d/& /I$&E>&XAC'*)5'd/8-/I'C0 6>k7/F$'C> >8/<?J ; $-3>…-X6 <) Q &4…0 2K>8/I49&6f /I$M>:U7"%$&XJ3-/8-›.E0 6#. &486'*6Mf -E6 G?'_& /I;

JM'L>}034HJ&4Š<>&EJO'L6/I$'C>7-S6-SA*;>H'C>7- 4&5J&49'LR&EJO28490) -(+0 +M<A*-/8'*0 6?DQ -3>H&EJt+40> +?&E./8'LR&5>8/F<J;K02ŠN0 )5&6K-Sf&EJOhi

;#&-S4 >t-E6Jy0 R&4(-E6JB/8$#&4&E290 49&5/I$&O4H&E><A/>5-S49&O4&EAC&R-E6 /^/80y&EACJM&4A*;yN,0 )5&6 AC'LR'L6f‹'*6 /I$&O.S0 )5)(<6#'/I;U%"’$&

JM'e-:f60>H'C>10 2AC'*2& /'*)5&^-:63G'C&H/8;=J'C>0 4J&4H>€N^-3>)(- J&1<?>'T6f(/F$&7x z$#tz9k#-(>8/8-E6J - 4J 'esS&EJ+?>};.:$'*-/84'*.,&@G-S)'L6-/8'C0M6

N”$'*.E$‹$-3> Q &E&6‹R- AC'_J3-/8&EJy'*6 /8$#&Bf&6&49- A1+0S+<A*-/8'_0 6 w$&E&$-S6 &H/(- A8Udk''#b- .E.E0 4J3'L6f /90…/F$&Bv(w#x DFz{

.E4'd/8&4'*-3k’N^$'*.:$ - AC>H0 &6- Q AC&EJO/F$&uJ'C>8/8'*6./I'C0 6 Q & /FN&E&6 ]†v -E6JB+M$0 Q '*-U|"’$&=.E0 $0 4~/”J&P>@'*f 6 0 2“/$'C>5>8/F<#J ;

-SA*AC0 N,&EJ=&R- AT<-/8'C0 6=032ŠA_0 6fD*/9&4) ,"y<>H&3U#Ž€<494&6 / ,"y<>H&”N^-3>R&49'*29'_&EJ5-/€'T6.EAT<?>@'C0 6=-E6Jt-/€&-S.$`20A*AC0 ND_<+

Q ;l&@G-S)5'*6'T6f5/F$#&^+4&P>}.E49'T+3/'C0 6>1-E6Jt)5&EJ'C.E-/8'*0 6>€/8$&)`>@&EA*R&E>kM/F$ <?>1)5'*6'L)5'Cs '*6Mfl&@G+0><49&”)5'C>.SA*-3>>H'*28'C.E-/8'*0 6U

(10)

 > ;),+ /90 )(-/0 AC0 f; - > N,&EACA(-3> 290 4B. 0DF)50 4 Q 'CJ'd/8; N,'d/F$jJ&@+4H&P>>}'C0 6kN^$#'e.:$ )(-S;. 0S620S<6J /$&‹-3>@>H0 . '*-/8'_0 6

(11)

*

ž 

]”6.S&EAC'*6k#x U“Uk 1'd/8.$'C&Ek 5UdkiU%'*28&EAC0 6f=&6J0 .E49'L6&729A*<./<-/8'*0 6>-E6J(49&EA*-/I&EJ(. 0 f6#'/I'*R&^J 'C>0 4J&4H>EUŽ€<#4849&@6:/

£$-S48)v&E>H'*f6RkMMDFi U

]”6.S&EAC'*6k€x U“Udk1w#.E- A*'Ck Udk 1'/I.$'C&Ek 5Udk€#U 034)50 6-SA/F$&49-:+; -E6#J JM&+4&P>@>'C06g ’]^49&uN,&B0SR&4HAC0M0 ‘'*6f -S6

'*)+?0 4F/8-E6 //F$&49-:+&@<3/8'*.7- Ad/9&486-/8'*R&0S<4I6-SA0 2„£!> ;.:$0>0)-/8'C.' “&E>&- 4.$hk#cDFb3igU

1&$ACkŽ7Udk  U0†&P>8/I490Sf&6(-3>€-16&<4H0S+40P/&./8'*R&1$0 4)50 6& U'#-/ “&R #5&@<490>H.S'?cMkcMcDFU

1&4I‘)(- 6k “U(€UkŠ&48‘M)-S6kŽ^UTwUdk ^- >HACk|w!Uk(49&E&)(-S6Mk#vtU=UkH4Uk %&E0k “Udk)0^>8/I28&EAeJk?]Ux›UkŽ0 4860 6'CD^<#6 /9AC&;k Udk

Š490MJ ;k U]5Udk8#b3hUSv^&@+49&E>>H'*R#&†> ;)(+3/80 )`>'*6(49&EA*-/8'_0 6†/0+$;>H'_.E- A#$&- Ad/I$-:6J,2F<#6./8'_0 6'*6f('*6^/8$#&^&EA*J&4HA*;U

]^) Š¢„+'CJ&)5'_0A8U Mkc"# D8c#bbU

Ž-Ef 6- .E.E'Ck#]5UdkM]^49-:6f'*60k|w!UdkŠ- A*J -3>@>H-E49'Ck(%UdkM]^AC&P>@>H-E6J 4'*6'CkŽ^Udk „-E6J'Ck|w!UdkM{^0 AT+?&Ek#]5Udk# |US] . 0 )+- 4'C>H0 6`0M2

/F$&. &6 /84- A„&2929&./9>70M2ŠJ'*2829&4 &6 /€+#490Sf& >8/8'L6M>ˆ<?>H&EJO'*6=$0 4)50 6&49&@+Ae-S. &)5&63/’/F$&49-E+M;gU#x‰-/F<49'd/F-3>:Ub3kgihD

h |U

Ž0S$&6k “UTw„Uk?w0 -E49&E>k#Ž7U#uUkM£0 'd/848-3>k U Uk £|490S<3/F;k PUdkS]^AC&:G-E6J&4 k]5U^Ukgw$'*2849&6k  U“Udk McUw$0 4~/9D*/8&4) <?>@&70 2

&E>8/849-SJ 'C0A„290 4“JM&+4&P>@>'C06l'L6`+&49'*)5&60+-E<?>}- A„-E6Jt+0>8/I)5&E60S+-:<?>H- A|N,0)5&6! #-(+4&AC'L)5'*6- 48;O4&+0 4~/UM]^) 

£!> ;.$#'e-/848;RhMk i 'MD!i U

(|0 AL>I/9&E'*6k|x U(Uk)(0 AC>8/&E'*6k’w!U¢ŠUkgx . ^<Mf3$k|£U ^Udk.#i#U 9x 'T6'CDF)5&6 /8- A%>8/8-/8& U#] +49-S./8'*.E- A|)5&H/8$0MJ`20 4Šf49-SJ3'L6f

/F$&1. 0 fM6'd/'*R&7>8/8-/I&“0 2|+-/8'_&6 /9>€2034|/F$&“. A_'*6'C.E'*- 6U£„>;.$'C-/~4& 1&P>t#k8Eb D!#bU

- 49.E'*- Dw&@f3<#49-3k aUx‹Udk|]^sE.E0'd/'e- k„zUk v^0S6MŽ- 4Ae0>k “U“Uk„b U#(&@<490S+40E/9&./8'C0 6 Q ;…&P>I/849-SJ3'_03A8U£|490Sf #t&<#490 Q '_0A

hckMD8h"U

”-/8s k wUk (0 49Jkg]5U^Ukgx 0>‘0N,'d/8s k ,U- Uk- 2828&E&Ek|x U-jUk.'hMcUw /F<#J3'_&P>”0 2Š'CA*A*6& >>7'L6/$&,-:f&EJU#"%$&('T6J&GK0M2

]^v7 -,>I/~-:6J3-S49J '*s &EJ)5&E- ><49&10 2 Q 'C0 AC0 f#'e.E-SA-:6J”+?>;.E$0#>H0 . '*- A#2F<6./8'_0 6U-:)-´'ikD U

’-EN“/80 6kŠx›U£%Uk“'#b bU€w#.E- A*&P>/80‰)5&E- ><49&u. 0 )(+& /&6. &…'*6‹&R&48;#J3-:; -S./8'*R'd/'C&P>:U%£!> ;.:$0S+$- 4)(- .E0A€<?ACA1k

hMD8h U

x‰0 4949'C>H06MkMx U(Uk 7- A*A*-E6kMx UEUdk "€&6 ,-ER&EkM"“Udk ^-/8s kMz UdkS"„N,&E&EJ;Mk 5Udk"Š-/*/8'C>8/8'T6'CkMx Udk ?U„- .‘(0 2%&228'C.E- .;50M2

&E>8/849-SJ 'C0A€290 4^J&@+49&E>>@'C0S6 '*6B+0>8/8)5&6#0 +#-E<?>H-SA%N0 )5&6! |-O49-:6J 0 )5'_s &EJk%.S0 6 /8490 ACA_&EJ`/84'*- A8UŠ'_0A£„>;.E$'*-/84I;

iikM hDF8@U

1- J A*02829k 1UŒw„Uk %0 .‘&Pk ^UˆUdk2'#b hU„"’$&O. 0)()(<6'd/F;y)=&6:/I- A1$&- Ad/8$y-3>>}&P>>})5&6 /(><48R#&; -E6#J ŽŠ¢w?DFv >H.E- A*& U

(12)

 /F$&(4&6.:$.E0$0 4~/„¢“UTwU"7U¢ŠU{5U w#AC&E&@+!U Mk  D8i U

1'd/8.$'C&Ek tUk ]^4~/8&490kw!Uk Š&AT<?.:$&Pk’zUdk„]76. &EA_'*6k%x›U1Uk„x…-:636k ]5Uk’v7<+M<;k„]5Ux Udk„x‰- A*- 280>>H&Ek ]Udk Š0S<?AC&6Mf&4Hk

 U£%Udk |U7£49&@R-SAC&6.S& 0 2Bv(wxyDFz8{ +>;.E$'*-/I49'*. JM'L>@0 49J&4…'*6p/F$& (|49&6.:$q&ACJ&4HA*; +#0 +M<?A*-/I'e06gU6Š4 

£!> ;.$#'e-/848;REb #k #D!i U

<++4&.$ /9k Ukt"cU #(&@<490 - ./I'ŒR#& >8/9&490M'CJ>E ()5&E.:$-E6'~> )>›0 2…- ./I'C0 6j-S6J 6&@<490S+?>};.E$0S+#$- 48)(- .S0 AC0 f'*.E- A

+40 +#&4F/8'C&E>EU £„>;.E$0S6&<#490&6JM03.E4'*60A_0 f;(b3khcD!h?bU

w#.$)5'CJE/9k£UEUk #('*&)-S6k 1Ukv^-E6-S.E&-:<?kŠx‹U]5Udk€"0 Q '*6kx U^Udk “0 .E-3k1Ž7U]5UdkŠx <48+$ ;k U`Udk < Q 'T60 N,kŠvtU Uk

"U^¢>I/~40Sf&6j49&@+?A*- .S&)5&63/…'*6 +?&49'L)5&60 +-:<?>H& DF49&EA*-/8&EJ J&+#4 &E>>H'_0 6! ^-›+#4 &AC'*)5'L6-S48; 4 &@+034F/U7]”)lU  U

0 Q >I/8& /@U ; 6&E.S0A8U :b3ck 8@DFU

wM$&E&$-E6kMv5U{Udk %&.E48<

Q

'_&4Hk=UdkwM$&E&$-S6k 5U`Uk]^)50 49'*)5k#£Uk -:6-:R>kEUdk-p&E'*ACA_&4Hk¢“Udk &4If3<&H/8-3k "7Uk"Š-E‘&4 k" ^Udk

v7<6

Q

-S4 k

UdŽ7UdkÄ'?bU "’$&^x 'L6'CD8zF6 /9&46-/8'*0 6- A#5&@<4H0S+?>;.$#'e-/849'*.zF6 /9&48R'_&N Fx›UzU#uUzU S/F$&,J&R#&EAC0S+)5&63/

-E6JXR- AC'CJ -/8'C0 6p0 25-‹>8/84I<./F<4&J›J'*-Ef6#0>I/8'*. +>;.E$'*-/I49'*.y'*6 /9&48R'_&N 2034=v(w#x DFzF{ -:6J›z9ŽŠv,D!*gU ŽA*'*6

£!> ;.$#'e-/848;5ikM D8cc#¡ <#'es^c #D8i#U

w#0 - 49&E>k7Ž^U#=Udk]†AL)5&E'CJ -3k'0(U£Uk @03282&Pk `Udk7ŽŠ0S$&6k “UTw!Udk U€¢%2828'*.E-S.E; 0 25&E>8/84- J 'C0A72034/F$&=/84H&-/8)5&6 /t0 2

J&@+4H&P>@>H'*R&›J'C>H0 49J&4 >‰'*6p+&4 'L)5&60S+-E<?>}- A(N0 )5&6! ^-pJM0 < Q AC& D Q Ae'L6Jk49-E6#J0 )5'*s &EJk”+Ae-S. & Q 0DI.E0 6 /8490A_AC&EJ /84'e-SA8UE]^49.$U &6U £„>;.$'*-/84I;U3i#b k#iSD8ic |U

wM+'*&EAQ &4f&4Hk„Ž^Ukš'?b3c#Ux‰-E6 <-SA!280 4€/F$&tw3/8-/8&PDF"€48- 'd/€]”63G'C&H/8;OzI6R&6 /90 4I; F290 4) U?Ž0 6><Ad/'*6fO£!>;.:$0AC0 f'C>8/9>

£4&P>@>k £- A*0]^Ad/90k#Ž€]5U

w /F490S<?>k" ,Uv(Udk x -E-:;-:6k Uk -p&E'*sE)(- 6k]5UkMMhUE"’$&“4&EAC&R-E6.S&ˆ0 2„6#&<40>8/9&490M'CJ>„/90. A*'*6'*.E-SA+?>};.E$'*-/848; S284 0M)

/F$&1A*- Q 0 49-/80 48;^/807/F$& Q &EJ>H'CJ& US¢„<4 #(&@<40 +>;.E$#0 +M$-S4)-S.E0AHhk8iiD!h#U

- - A*29kg]U]Udk (4I;&Pk„Ž^U]5Udk|hUM]j49&R'C&Nr-E6Jt<+J -/8&(021)5&.E$-S6'L>})`>”0321&P>I/8490 f#&6K'*65/8$#&$'T++?0 .E-S)+<?>7-:6J

(13)

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` a Y ] !E & : 5 ( 5 8 b Z cd \ e `gf d f Z \ d Y Z h di Zj \ d ] Y Z d kl !E & ( 5 : ( 5 m ?= O ? " 2 C W = 02 J O 0" J ! m W& 9 5 ) : X dn d\ !E & $ 7 5 $  5 9 o Yp Z !E &  965 $  9 5 8 q [\ \ di Z !E & % 5 7 ) 5 ) 4U = 2 J D? " ? @ m W ! 1 0 G D 2 " ! O D " r O 2s && 965 9 ! r 7 8 & 9 5 9 ! r 8 & 9 5 $ 8 ' . A A?= G D " / J ? J B 0 1Rt R 5 u W 0 > J r > J 2 J D > J D A H= 0 0

χ

2

?= J r J 0 > J > J 2 J D > J D A > @ ?= A 2 J 0/? = D A 2 C? = A? " J D " U? U >M 2= D 2 IC 0 >wv= 0 > P 0A J D M 0 C < 5 K . A A?= G D " / J ? R . 4x 2 " G . 4x A= D J 0 = D 2 5 S R " A C U G 0 >M 2 > A U C2 = G D > 02 > 0 > v ? J B 0 = B 02 = J P = ? IC 0 O > v = 0 > P D = 2 J ?= < G D > ?= G 0 = > v ?= A 2 " A = 0 G D 2 / "? > 0 G H D J BD " J B 0 C2 > J  < 02 = > 5 V m 2 M D " / Ly 3 4 >A?= 0 z  8

(14)

8                                             *      *    ' . G  U > J 0 G @ ?= 0 G U A 2 J D? " 2 C C 0 M 0 C v H DG ? H B ? ? G v D " ?>O " D 2 v A? / " D J D M 0 DO P2 D = O 0" J v A U= = 0" J G 0 P = 0 > > D M 0 <>O P J ? O 2 J ? C ? /< 2 " G 2 " J DG 0 P = 0 > >2 " J U > 0 5 u L ?== 0 >?P " G > J ? ? P?P > 0 G 2 " G U "? P?P > 0 G 0 > J = 2 G D? C r I 2 > 0 G m W ! 0 s A C U G D " / J B 0 ?HO 0" J 2 D " / ? J B 0 = U "= 0 C2 J 0 G m W J < P 0 > v :D " I 2 > 0 CD " 0 2 " 2 C < > D > v 2 " G % D " C ? " / D J U G D " 2 C 2 " 2 C < > D > & 5 t G  "? J G 0 J 0 = O D " 0 G N              ,      *       ,                 *     ,,   *   ,       ,                  '     * + ,               '     * + ,     + % 8 8 v  5 ( E 5 9    )  v   5 E 9 5 :% 9 5 $ r 5 7 ) 9 5 :%            N    8 8 v  7 5 ( E 5 8  9 5 ( r 65 %  9 5  ) N         -  +              ,         ,             , r  ` Z c \  _dp Z d\ i  d r  `Z c p i  Z cd Z` a \  _dp Z` i        , % 8 8 v  5 ( E   v   5 )E ( v  7 5 )E  "! #  f $ %& ! # % f %$  9 v % 5 9E 5 9 9 5 $   9 5 ) r 65  : t G 5 7 $  9 5 ( 9 r 65 $ $ & f ' ( f %) j  f ) * & f % # ( f '  j  f &+ * 9 5 (  9 9 5   r 65 :  9 5 7 ) 9 5  f %& f #, 9 5 ) 7 7 9 : v  5 % E )6v  8 5 % E 9 $ v ( 5 9E #  ! #, f & $  + ! &  f #$ )6v % 5 :E 5 8  9 5 8 7 r 8 5 ( 7 t G 965 )( 9 5 8 $ r 5 $ : & f # , ( f )  j  f ' ) * f % % ( f # j & f % , * 965  ) 9 5 9 8 r  5 9 ) 9 5 ( 7 9 5 % 8 f , ' f #, 9 5        *         ,       +                 -    7 9 : v  5 % E  )6v ( 5 % E ) 8 v ) 5 ( E  v 9E 5 9 5 9 8  9 5 8 $ r  5 : 7 965 ) ) 9 5 8 ) r 5 % (  t G 9 5 :( 9 5 7(

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

times enabled, thanks to a model, the representation of both phenomena: reaction kinetics and mass transfer. A global set of parameters is valid for all ethanol to oil molar