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a) What is a good indexing method for quadtrees? Illustrate with some simple data

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ASSOCIATION OF CANADA LANDS SURVEYORS - BOARD OF EXAMINERS WESTERN CANADIAN BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR LAND SURVEYORS ATLANTIC PROVINCES BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR LAND SURVEYORS ---

SCHEDULE I / ITEM 5

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (Informatics)

February 2000 (1990 Regulations) (Closed Book) Time: 3 hours Marks Note: This examination consists of 10 questions on 2 pages.

1. a) Briefly distinguish between sequential and parallel data processing with simple examples.

b) What is usually meant by computer platform independence in data processing?

2. a) What is a quadtree data structure? Illustrate with some simple data.

b) What is an octree data structure? Illustrate with some simple data.

3. a) What is a good indexing method for quadtrees? Illustrate with some simple data.

b) What is a good indexing method for octrees? Illustrate with some simple data.

4. a) What is a relational data structure? Comment on the required indexing.

b) What are relational operators? Give some simple examples of applications.

5. a) Briefly distinguish between the Entity-Relationship and the Object Orientation approaches.

b) What are some of the key concepts in Object Oriented system development and programming?

6. a) What are usually called metadata? Give some examples in Geomatics.

b) How are metadata carried in relational and other databases?

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7. a) Sorting operations are very common database operations. Briefly describe some well-known sorting methods.

b) Merging operations are very common database operations. Briefly describe some well-known merging methods.

8. a) What is SQL and what are some of its advantages and disadvantages?

b) Give some examples of SQL operations.

9. a) What is called database normalization? Why is normalization required?

b) Give some examples of normalization forms or standards.

10. Briefly describe some of the special database requirements for GIS applications. Comment on raster imagery and digitized natural features.

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